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DINAMIS
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Grup: m3jitz
Standar Kompetensi:
Pada akhir perkuliahan, peserta diharapkan mampu
menganalisis suatu sistem berbasis lingkungan yang
bersifat dinamis dengan cara membuat simulasi
komputer untuk mengetahui perilaku dari sistem
guna perancangan maupun pengendalian sistem
lingkungan tsb.
References
SISTEM DINAMIS
NATURE
CHANGE
over time
Populasi penduduk
perkotaan
Perkembangan
batas wilayah kota
Tata guna lahan
????
Dinamis
Obyek
diamati
Ilmu Pengetahuan
(Sutrisno Hadi, 1980)
Kumpulan
Eksplanatif
Prediktif
Kontrol (Pengendalian)
Jay W
Forrester
(MIT) , dekade
50
Industrial
Dynamics
Urban
Dynamics,
(1969)
Model
Imitation
MODEL
Imitation
Simplification of
Reality
Substitute for a
Real System
Hierarchies do not
exist.
We make them up to
understand a system
and to communicate
our understanding to
others
System
Outputs
System
Inputs
System
System element
interactions
System boundary
Systems
connectedness
Concerns with
wholeness
System Dynamics
System dynamics is a computer-aided
approach
to evaluating the interrelationships of
different components and activities
within complex systems,
to used in the decision making
control the behavior of the system.
Other Illustration
Scientific Method
Element
putih
Element
merah
Elemen
kuning
Element
pink
Element
hitam
Material flows
Flows of information
Sistem adalah kombinasi ataupun kumpulan dari beberapa elemen dalam batas tertentu
dimana diantara elemen-elemen tersebut saling berinteraksi antara satu dengan yang
lainnya yang akan mempengaruhi pada obyek yang diamati (dapat berupa akibat, reaksi
atau bahkan tujuan dari sistem tersebut)
SIMPLIFIKASI
LINGKUNGAN
Sebab
Akibat
Batas Sistem
Interes
Simplifikasi
CAUSALITY
Affect
Model
Dependensi:
Interdependensi:
Piano practice
Amount of
Practice
Ability to
Play
Amount enjoy
Playing
Ability to
Play
Amount enjoy
Playing
Amount of
Practice
Piano practice
Ability to
Play
Amount of
Practice
Closed loop
Amount enjoy
Playing
Action
Result
Calibration
(t)
Action
Information
About
problem
Result
Feedback
1. Set point
2. Continuous
improvement
Elements of a system
Remember
Goal
Principal
Games
Sports
Library
tests
Paper
Classrooms
Friends
Music
Blackboards
No information concerning:
How that list was selected or
For what purpose
Information
Feed back
loop
Decision Making
(rate)
Action
(flow)
REALITAS
OBJEKTIF
MODEL
MODEL
PARAMETER
ESTIMASI
EVALUASI
APLIKASI
DATA PENGAMATAN
Klasifikasi model
Static model
Dynamic model
Lumped models
Distributed models
Causal models
Black-box models
Linear models
Non-linear models
INPUT-PROSES-OUTPUT
PROSES
Sebab
Stimulus
(Perangsang)
Experimental
Variable
Variabel bebas
(Independent
Variable)
VARIABEL
Efek
Response (Tanggapan)
Behaviour Variable
Variabel terikat
(Dependent Variable)
Obyek yang
berubah
AKIBAT
Hubungan
sebab akibat
Tidak langsung
PENYEBAB
SEBAB
PROSES
AKIBAT
Tanah tergerus
(erosi)
Pendangkalan
sungai
Tanah masuk
sungai
(sedimentasi)
BANJIR
PROSES
Penebangan hutan
pegunungan
Jenis Variabel
INPUT-PROSES-OUTPUT
(Pendekatan: riil matematis)
Air
Hujan
Level Air
(Banjir)
Air ke
laut
INPUT-PROSES-OUTPUT
(Pendekatan: riil matematis)
Input
Perubahan
dlm sistem
Output
Akumulasi
Fin
Jika Fin = Fout
Akumulasi = 0
Kead Tunak /Steady
Level = h
Fout
F = kec. Aliran
F = vol / waktu
INPUT-PROSES-OUTPUT
Penjabaran Matematis
Akumulasi = Input - Output
Fin
dV
Fin Fout
dt
dh
A
Fin c h
dt
Level = h
Fout
dh Fin c
h
dt
A A
INPUT-PROSES-OUTPUT
(Pendekatan matematis)
Y = AX + B
Variabel bebas
(Independent var.)
Y
Variabel tak bebas
(dependent var.)
Visualisasi
A: slope
B: intercept
X
Stochastic
Input
Disturbance
(2)
Measured
Input
(1)
System state
Measured
Output
(4)
Software
Traditional programming languages:
Fortran, Basic, C, Java
2. Higher level programming languages:
Matlab, Scilab, Maple, Mathematica
3. Graphical modeling packages: Vensim,
Powersim, Stella
4. Specialized domain specific packages:
Fluent, Gaussian, OpenFoam, Comsol
1.