Logic and Parallel Lines

Ms. Wightmans Geometry Unit, Lesson 1

Logic

Logic-[loj-ik] Noun. Reason or sound judgment.

(http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/logic?s=t)

Why do we need logic?

Ex: just because always seems unfair

We use logic to create sound (or correct) proofs that

support our understanding of mathematics.

Parts of Proofs

Given statement- This statement is something we know or

are assuming is true.

Statement- This is a piece of information we are going to

use to deduce new information.

Deduce- to reach a conclusion

Conclusion- The piece of information we know to be true

based off of our given statement, statement, and logic.

Logic: Examples

Given Statement: If Denise has 20 or more cats, then she

is considered a cat lady.

Statement: Denise has 30 cats.

Conclusion: Denise is a cat lady.

Statement: Denise has 19 cats.

Conclusion: Denise is not a cat lady.

Statement: Denise is not a cat lady.

Conclusion: Denise has 19 or less cats.

A Quick Refresher on Proofs

Were going to take the statement If Denise has 20 or more cats, then
she is considered a cat lady, as a theorem.

Prove that if Denise has 30 cats, shes a cat lady.

Statement
1. Denise has 30 cats.
2. Denise has more than
20 cats.
3. Denise is a cat lady.

Reason
1. Given.
2. Since 30 > 20.
3. By our theorem.

Parallel Lines

Definition

What do you think parallel means?

Youve seen parallel lines beforecan you think of where?

Football Field
Parallel Parking
After seeing these real world examplescan you think of a mathematical definition of parallel?

Definition

Parallel- two lines l and m are

parallel provided that if
extended indefinitely, they
never intersect.
We write l || m.

Transversal- A transversal t is a
line that intersects two
(nonequal) parallel lines

Transversal
Parallel
lines

Corresponding Angles

Whats another word for

correspond?

Match up with, coincide, etc.

List of corresponding angles:

<AEG and <CFE
<GEB and <EFD
<AEF and <CFH
<BEF and <DFH

(Watch video to 4:59)

What can you guess is true about corresponding angles?

Discuss with your partner.
Write down your answer in your guided notes.

Theorem
Claim: When a transversal crosses parallel lines, corresponding angles
are congruent.
With your partner, try to prove this theorem. (Hint: Triangles are a good
start, remember SAS, SSS, ASA!)

Alternate Interior Angles

Interior Angles- angles

that are between the
two parallel lines and lie
on the transversal

Alternate Interior
Angles- interior angles
on one parallel line that
correspond to interior
angles on the other
parallel line
<AEF and <EFD are alternate interior angles;
<BEF and <EFC are alternate interior angles;
All mentioned angles are interior angles.

What can you guess is true about alternate interior angles?

Discuss with your partner your ideas.
Write down your answer in your guided notes.

Theorem
Claim: When a transversal crosses parallel lines, alternate interior
angles are congruent.
With your partner, try to prove this theorem. (Hint: Triangles are a good
start!)

Homework
In this class, you will be creating your own Proof Book that acts as a
record for every major theorem we prove in class. I will let you know
each day which theorems need to be in the Proof Book. You can design
or decorate the Book in any way you like, as long as the assigned proofs
are in the Book.
For tonights homework, copy down the two proofs we did in class today.