Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Active transport- The transport of molecules across a membrane and against their natural flow;
mediated by carrier proteins and requiring outside energy.
Adaptation: A feature of an organism that helps it meet a particular need in its natural habitat
Anaphase: Phase of cell division where the chromosomes separate to either side of the cell
Carbohydrate: An essential chemical in all cells that is broken down to form sugars; glucose,
sucrose, lactose, galactose
Carbon Dioxide: Molecule made up of one carbon and two oxygens, produced by animals and
other organisms; main contributor to manmade global warming.
Carrier protein- A protein responsible for mediating the active transport of molecules from one
side of the lipid bilayer to the other.
Channel protein - A protein responsible for mediating the passive transport of molecules from one
side of the lipid bilayer to the other. Transport is carried out by its membrane-spanning hydrophilic
structure which, when open, allows molecules to pass through.
Cell: The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
Cell division: A process where one cell becomes more than one cell
Cell membrane: Surrounds the cell and keeps it together; also decides what material enters and
leaves
Cell organelle: Parts of the cell that perform specific functions
Cell wall: The stiff outer layer of a cell that protects the cell and gives it shape
Cellular respiration: The process where organisms get energy from organic molecules
Chloroplast: Organelle in plants and some other organisms which is responsible for photosynthesis
Chromosome: A thread-like strand of DNA or RNA in the cell
Cilia: A hair-like organelle on the outside of a cell used in movement
Diffusion: Where molecules spread out until they are evenly distributed in a medium, such as the air
DNA: Abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, which contains the genetic instructions for all forms of
life
Endocytosis: Process by which cells absorb large particles by surrounding the particles with the cell
membrane and pinching it off
Endoplasmic reticulum: A membrane network within the cytoplasm of cells involved in the synthesis,
modification, and transport of cellular materials.