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Problem Based Learning

Why We Need It
(Other than because the boss says so).

Do we have a problem here? If so, what is it?

Between 2007 and 2009, there


was no measurable change in the
average grade 4 reading score; the
average grade 8 reading score,
however, increased 1 point. At
grade 12, the average reading
score increased by 2 points
between 2005 and 2009.
http://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator_rd2.asp
National Center for Education Statistics

How about here? If so, what is it?

These arent trick questions.


Problems arent always self-evident.
Life Rarely Presents Its Problems In
Mathematical Formulas
Sometimes Identifying the Problem is a
Big Part of the Battle
Some Problems Can Be Solved in
Multiple Ways

Here at East, we just got back state test


scores, and they were low all across the
board...
Eleventh grade English is no
exception.
Do we have a problem here? If so, what is it?

PBL Can Help!


Increases students motivation to learn
Develops critical thinking, writing, and
communication skills
Enhances retention of information (Wirkala &
Kuhn 2011)
Provides a model for lifelong learning
Demonstrates the power of working
cooperatively
Can be especially effective in majority-minority
schools (Hirada, 2008)
Proven effective in school-wide reform (B.I.E.,
2009)

OK, so what do we do?


Give your student groups a real-world problem
They record in their PBL notebooks what they
know about the problem
They discuss possible plans of actions and
determine what they need to know to create a
solution
They record possible solutions
You facilitate group discussions with leading
questions and limited advice

Like This:
Before: Write a well-developed
essay in which you explain
whether the character of Jim
in Huckleberry Finn encourages
modern-day racists, defending
your answer with specific evidence
from the book.
After: Youre on the board of
directors of the local public library.
A group of citizens has asked you
to remove Huckleberry Finn from
circulation because it promotes
racism. How do you respond, and
what reaction will you encounter
from the community?

Sources and Resources


Buck Institute for Education. (2009). Does pbl work?. Retrieved from
http://www.bie.org/research/study/does_pbl_work
Harada, V. (2008). Project-Based Learning: Rigor and Relevance in High Schools. Library Media
Connection 26 (6), 14-16, 18, 20.
Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy. (2008). Problem Based Learning Matters
Wirkala. C. & Kuhn, D. (2011). Problem-Based Learning in K12 Education: Is it Effective and How Does it
Achieve its Effects? American Educational Research Journal, 48, 1157-1186.

The most exciting PBL support is online:


http://www.udel.edu/inst/why-pbl.html
http://www.chemeng.mcmaster.ca/pbl/pbl.htm
http://www.samford.edu/ctls/pbl
http://myrp.sg/ced
http://pbl.cqu.edu.au/index.html
http://www.edutopia.org
Look at the accompanying handout for more links. We'll post it to the school server or our class web page for easy
access.

Lets Practice

Your objective: As a group you must enact


Shakespeare's Julius Caesar...in 3 minutes.
1. Discuss the problem
Identify what you need to know
Learn it
Apply it!
Here's an example:

PBL Activity Follow-Up:


Imagine your students completing this assignment...what would
they learn or solidify in their memory?
Posibilities:
1. The character of Julius Caesar
The overarching story and themes of Julius Caesar
Specific lines from Julius Caesar
A grasp on the most important scenes in the play
What else?

Any other questions or


concerns regarding PBL?

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