Ch.

13 Principles of
Ecology:
Ms. Dlugi
04/19/12

DNA 04/19/12:
Describe

the difference between a

producer and a consumer. Give
examples.

Explain

the relationship between

trophic levels, food chains, and food
webs.

Summarize

the different types of

consumers. (There are five) Use Page

1. Describe the difference between a

producer and a consumer. Give examples.
PRODUCER:

CONSUMER:

Make own food

Energy from nonliving resources
Another word?
Autotroph
Give an example:
Plants

Get energy by
consuming
Eat living and onceliving resources
Another word?
Heterotroph
Give an Example:
US!

2. Explain the relationship between trophic levels, food chains,

and food webs.

Trophic levels are the levels of

nourishment in a food chain.
Food chains link feeding
relationships.
Food webs are networks of food
chains.

Food Web:

3. Summarize the different

types of consumers. p.409
Herbivores

eat only plants

Carnivores
eat only animals
Omnivores
eat both plants and animals
Decomposers
break down organic matter into
simpler compounds

Objectives 04/19/12
1.

Students will be able to understand that all organisms

must obtain energy in order to survive, and do so in
different ways.

2.

Students will be able to describe the difference

between producers, types consumers, and also be able to
relate them to trophic levels in food webs.

3.

Students will be able to learn how energy available

decreases as trophic levels increase.

4.

Students will be able to create their own food webs

with their comprehension of Chapter 13.3 and 13.4
vocabulary terms.

Review of Trophic Levels:

First

Trophic Level:
Producer
Second Trophic Level:
Primary Consumer
Third Trophic Level:
Secondary Consumer
Highest Trophic Level:
Tertiary Consumers

Trophic Levels in a Food

Chain:

Energy in Trophic Levels:

Provided by sunlight.
90% energy used by organism in trophic
level or lost
Some energy is lost as heat or waste.
Only 10% of energy transferred through
levels.
Lowest energy gain at highest trophic
levels

Energy Transfer Through

Trophic Levels:
Energy

Amount:
100.0 10.0 1.0 0.1 0.01

10% 10% 10% 10%

Food Web Project:

Due

04/23/12, Monday.
Follow the Rubric attached.
Rest of the class period to work.
Questions?!

Exit Ticket Questions

#1:
1. In this food web, the trophic level
with the least energy includes which
of the following organisms?

A. Grasses
B. Mice
C. Snakes
D. Hawks

Exit Ticket Question #2:

A caterpillar eats an oak leaf. Which of the following
best describes the energy transfer in this situation?

A. Both the caterpillar and the leaf gain energy.

B. Energy is transferred from the leaf to the caterpillar.

C. Decomposers in the leaf obtain energy from the

caterpillar.

D. The oak tree gains energy when the caterpillar eats

the leaf.

Exit Ticket #3:

Which of the following lists identifies
organisms that are producers in food webs?

A. mushrooms, bacteria, earthworms

B. algae, ferns, sunflowers

C. termites, red foxes, shrews

D. woodpeckers, cardinals, grasshoppers

Exit Ticket Question #4

:
Which of the following would most likely happen if grasses
and shrubs were removed from a rural Massachusetts
ecosystem?
A. There would be an increase in consumers in the
ecosystem.

B. There would be an increase of photosynthesis in the

ecosystem.

C. There would be a decrease in food energy produced by

the ecosystem.

D. There would be a decrease of carbon dioxide available

to the ecosystem.