Guia Nº8

Profesor: Matas Saavedra A.
Ayudante: Andrs Romn E.
GUA N 8 GEODESIA I
Estacin
A
hi =
1,40m
B
hi =
1,45m
C
hi =
1,46m
Punto
visado
C
B
Angulo horizontal
Angulo vertical
00 00 00
37 34 53,10
A
C
B
A
A = 31 30' 29,65' '

A = 70 37' 12,37' '
H A = 3958,10 m
90 41 30,20
------------
Altura de la
seal
1,25m
------------
Distancia
inclinada
17893,074m
------------
00 00 00
47 48 24,00
-----------89 53 37,00
---------1,34m
---------------------
00 00 00
94 36 42,00
90 13 51,00
90 41 30,20
1,34m
0,00m
14728,70m
------------
B = 31 18' 8,32' '

B = 70 32' 25,55' '
H B = 3720,89 m
Calcule las coordenadas geogrficas de C y su cota.

Elipsoide de referencia : Internacional 1924, a = 6.378.388m ; f = 1 297

Solucin:
Dibujo de la poligonal
B
B = 31 18' 8,32'
B = 70 32' 25,55' '
H B = 3720,89m
C
A = 31 30' 29,65' '

A = 70 37' 12,37' '
H A = 3958,10 m
Cierre angular de la poligonal

A : 37 34 ' 53,10' '
B : 47 48' 24,00' '
C : 94 36' 42,00' '
= 179 59 ' 59,10 ' '
Error = + 0 0' 0,9' ' Error unitario = +
0,9' '
= + 0,3' '
3
1' ' estacin

I orden
2' ' n 2' ' 3 = 3,46' ' ; con " n" numero de estaciones .
El error de cierre angular se encuentra dentro la tolerancia por lo tanto se puede compensar.
A : 37 34' 53,10' '
B : 47 48' 24,00' '
C : 94 36' 42,00' '
= 179 59' 59,10' '
+ 0,3' '
+ 0,3' '
+ 0,3' '
A : 37 34' 53,40' '

B : 47 48' 24,30' '
C : 94 36' 42,30' '
= 180

Calculo de la superficie de la poligonal
Para el calculo de la superficie de la poligonal en este caso un triangulo, utilizaremos la
AC BC
siguiente expresin: Area =
sen C ; siendo AC y BC , distancias horizontales,
2
las cuales sern calculadas con la siguiente expresin: dhz = Di 2 h 2
Calculo de h
A
Z1 = 90 41' 30,20' '

hi1 = 1,40 m
hb2 = 1,25m
H A = 3958,10 m
Z 2 = 89 27' 16,00' '

hi 2 = 1,46m
hb1 = 0,00 m
Di = 17893,074m
Correccin de los ngulos cenitales:
1 =
2 =
(hb2 hi1 ) senZ1

Di arc1' '
(hb1 hi 2 ) senZ 2
Di arc1' '
(1,25 1, 40) sen 90 41' 30,20' '

17893,074 4,848136811 10 -6
= 1,73' '
(0,00 1,46) sen 89 27' 16,00' ' = 16,83' '

17893,074 4,848136811 10 -6
Z1 c = Z1 1 = 90 41' 30,20' '1,73' ' Z 1 c = 90 41' 28,47' '

Z 2 c = Z 2 2 = 89 27' 16,00' '16,83' ' Z 2 c = 89 26' 59,17' '
1
1
h = Di sen (Z 2 c Z 1 c ) = 17893,074 sen (89 26' 59,17 ' '90 41' 28,47' ') = 193,85m
2
2
Por lo tanto h = 193,85m H C = H A h H C = 3764,25m
C
Z1 = 90 13' 51,00' '
hi1 = 1,46 m
hb2 = 1,34m
H C = 3764,25m
Di = 14728,20 m
B
Z 2 = 89 53' 37,00' '
hi 2 = 1, 45m
hb1 = 1,34m

1 =
2 =
(hb2 hi1 ) senZ1

Di arc1' '
(hb1 hi 2 ) senZ 2
Di arc1' '
(1,34 1,46 ) sen 90 13' 51,00' '
14728,20 4,848136811 10 -6
= 1,68' '
(1,34 1,45) sen 89 53' 37,00' ' = 1,54' '

14728,20 4,848136811 10 - 6
Z1 c = Z1 1 = 90 13' 51,00' '1,68' ' Z 1 c = 90 13' 49,32' '

Z 2 c = Z 2 2 = 89 53' 37,00' '1,54' ' Z 2 c = 89 53' 35,46' '
1
1
h = Di sen (Z 2 c Z 1 c ) = 14728,70 sen (89 53' 35, 46' '90 13' 49,32' ') = 43,34m
2
2
Por lo tanto h = 43,34m H B = H C h H B = 3720,91m
HB
fijo
= 3720,89m
HB calculado = 3720,91m
Error de cierre = -0,02m
Tolerancia para el error de cierre de una nivelacin trigonomtrica.
L = DISTANCIA INCLINADA = 32621,774 m = 32,621774 Km.
0,1 L 0,1 32,621774 = 0,5711547426 0,57m
I orden
0,15 L 0,15 32,621774 = 0,8567321139 0,86m
El error de cierre de altura se encuentra dentro la tolerancia por lo tanto se puede
compensar.
error de cierre
El factor de compensacin ser: FC =
L
0,02
FC =
= 6,130874428 10 7
32621,774
Compensacin de las cotas:
Cn = FC DI recorrida
CC = FC 17893,074 = 0,01097001898 0,01m
C B = FC (17893,074 + 14728,70) = 0,02m
Por lo tanto la cota corregida seria:
H n corregida = H n C n
H C C = 3764,25 0,01 H C C = 3764,24m
H C B = 3720,91 0,02 H C B = 3720,89 m

Por lo tanto los h son:
h A C = H C C H A h A C = 193,86m
hC B = H C B H C C hC B = 43,35m
Calculo de distancia horizontal:
hz AC = 17893,074 2 193,86 2 = 17892,024m
hz CB = 14728,70 2 43,35 2 = 14728,636 m
Calculo de la superficie:
hz AC hz CB
A=
sen 94 36' 42,30' ' A = 131335952,50m 2
2
calculo del exceso esfrico:
+ B
m = A
= 31 24' 18,985' '
2
a 1 e2
6378388 (1 0,0067226700 22)
m =
=
3
1 e 2 sen 2m 2
1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 24' 18,985' ')2
Nm =
E''=
(1 e
a
2
sen m
2
=
2
= 6352895,373m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 24' 18,985' ') )

2
= 6384217,62m
2
Area
131335952,50
=
= 0,67' '
N m m arc 1' ' 6384217,62 6352895,373 4,848136811 10 6
EU ' ' =
0,67 ' '

= +0, 223' '
3
Cierre angular de la poligonal quedando los ngulos compensados y esfricos

A : 37 34' 53,40' ' +0,223
A : 37 34' 53,62' ' +0,01' ' A : 37 34' 53,63' '
B : 47 48' 24,30' ' +0,223
B : 47 48' 24,52' '
B : 47 48' 24,52' '
C : 94 36' 42,30' ' +0, 223

= 180
C : 94 36' 42,52' '

= 180 0' 0,66' '
C : 94 36' 42,52' '

= 180 0' 0,67' '

Calculo de azimut inverso AB
B : 31 18' 8,32' '
A : 31 30' 29,65'
B : 70 32' 25,55' '

A : 70 37' 12,37'
0 12' 21,33' '
0 4' 46,82' '
' ' = 741,33' '

' ' = 286,82' '
' '
' '
= 370,665' '
= 143,41' '
2
2
+ B 31 18' 8,32' '31 30' 29,65' '
m = A
=
m = 31 24' 18,985' '
2
2
arc1' ' = 4,848136811 10 6
2
1
1
2
e = 2 f f = 2

e = 0,006722670022
297 297
2
m =
Nm =
a (1 e 2 )
(1 e
(1 e
sen 2 m )
sen 2 m )
=
2
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 24' 18,985' ') )

2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022)
= 6352895,373m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 24' 18,985' ') )

2
1
2
= 6384217,62m
(' 'arc1' ')2

1
S1 sen + = ' ' N m cos m arc1' '1
2
24
(286,82' 'arc1' ') 2

= 286,82' '6384217,62 cos( 31 24' 18,985' ') arc1' '1
24
S1 sen + = 7576,99352
2
2 (' 'arc1' ')2

1
1
S 2 cos + = ' 'm cos arc1' '1 m
2
2
24 N m 2
6352895,373 2 (741,33' 'arc1' ')2

= 741,33' '6352895,373 cos (0 2' 23,41' ') arc1' '1
24 6384217,62 2
S 2 cos + = 22832,7283
2

Si
S1 = S 2 ; se tiene :
(' 'arc1' ')2

1
'
'
cos
S1 sen +
m
m 1
24
2
1
= tg + =
2
1
2
m (' 'arc1' ')2
1
S 2 cos +
'
'
cos
m
2
2
24 N m 2
7576,99352
tg + =
= 0,3318479255
2
22832,7283
1
+ = tg 1 0,3318479255 = 18 21' 29,94' '

2
' 'senm 286,82' 'sen( 31 24'18,985' ')

=
' ' = 149,4594806' '
1
cos(0 6'10,67 ' ')
cos
2
' '
' ' = 149,459' '

= 74,7295' '
= 0 1' 14,73' '
2
2
' ' =
= 18 21' 29,94' '+0 1'14,73' ' = 18 22' 44,67' '

Por lo tanto AB = + 180 AB = 198 22' 44,67' '
S1 =
S2 =
7576,99352
1
sen +
2
22832,7283
1
cos +
2
7576,99352
sen(18 21' 29,94' ')
S1 = 24057,11m
22832,7283
S 2 = 24057,11m
cos (18 21' 29,94' ')
S1 = S 2 ; Por lo tanto la distancia geodsica es: S AB = 24057,11m

Calculo de las distancias geodsicas preliminares
Calculo de distancia geodsica S AC
m = A = 31 30' 29,65' '
a 1 e2
m =
(1 e
Nm =
(1 e
sen 2m
a
sen m
2
=
2
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )

2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
= 6352998,058m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )

2
= 6384252,017 m
2
AC = AB A = 198 22' 44,67' '37 34' 53,63' ' AC = 160 47 ' 51,04' '
R =
N m m
m sen AC + N m cos 2 AC
2
6384252,017 6352998,058
6352998,058 ( sen160 47 ' 51,04' ') 2 + 6384252,017 (cos 160 47 ' 51,04' ') 2
R = 6356364,35m
Dh = Di 2 h 2 = 17893,074 2 193,86 2 = 17892,024m
hm =
H A + H C 3958,10 + 3764,24
=
= 3861,17 m
2
2
Cnmm =
Dh hm
17892,024 3861,17
=
= 10,869m
R
6356364,35
Dnmm = 17892,024 10,869 = 17881,155m

Cc =
Dnmm 3
117881,1553
=
= 0,006 m
24 R2 24 6356364,35 2
S = 17881,155 + 0,006 S = 17881,161m

Calculo de distancia geodsica S CB
m = A = 31 30' 29,65' '
m =
Nm =
a 1 e2
(1 e
(1 e
sen 2m
a
sen 2m
=
2
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )

2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
= 6352998,058m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )

2
= 6384252,017 m
2
CB = AC + 180 C = 160 47 ' 51,04' '+180 94 36' 42,52' ' CB = 246 11' 8,52' '
R =
N m m
m sen 2 CB + N m cos 2 CB
6384252,017 6352998,058
6352998,058 (sen 246 11' 8,52' ')2 + 6384252,017 (cos 246 11' 8,52' ')2
R = 6379135,622m
Dh = Di 2 h 2 = 14728,70 2 43,35 2 = 14728,636m
hm =
H B + H C 3720,89 + 3764,24
=
= 3742,565m
2
2
Cnmm =
Dh hm
14728,636 3742,565
=
= 8,641m
R
6379135,622
Dnmm = 14728,636 8,641 = 14719,995m

Cc =
Dnmm 3
14719,995 3
=
= 0,003m
24 R2 24 6379135,622 2
S = 14719,995 + 0,003 S = 14719,998m

Calculo de posicin por el problema directo (preliminar)
( A C)
Calculo de latitud
S cos AC S 2 sen 2 AC tgm S 3 sen 2AC cos AC 1 + 3 tg 2m
' ' =
+
2
m arc1' '
2 N1 m arc1' '
N
m4
arc
1' '4443
14243 14442444
3 144464
414 2
44
II
III
Iteracin 1
AC = 160 47' 51,05' '
S = 17881,161m
m 1 = A = 31 30' 29,65' '
m 1 =
N1 =
a 1 e 2
(1 e
(1 e
I (1 ) =
sen 2 m 1
a
sen m1
2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )

2
1
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )

2
= 6352998,058m
2
= 6384252,017m
2
S cos AC
17881,161 cos160 47' 51,05' '
=
= 548,252557' '
m1 arc1' ' 6352998,058 4,848136811 10 -6
II (1 ) =
S 2 sen 2AC tgm1 17881,1612 ( sen 160 47' 51,05' ')2 tg 31 30' 29,65' '
=
2 N1 m1 arc1' '
2 6384252,017 6352998,058 4,848136811 10 -6
II (1 ) = 0,05391445956' '
III (1) =
S 3 sen 2 AC cos AC 1 + 3 tg 2 m1
6 N1 2 m 1 arc1' '
17881,1613 (sen 160 47 ' 51,05' ') cos 160 47 ' 51,05' ' 1 + 3 (tg 31 30' 29,65' ')
6 6384252,017 2 6352998,058 4,848136811 10 -6
2
III (1) = 0,0001649597033' '

' ' = I (1 ) + II (1) II (1 ) = 548,252' '0,054' '+0,000 = 548,306' '
= 0 9' 8,31' '
C = A + C = 31 30' 29,65' '+0 9' 8,31' ' C = 31 21' 21,34' '
m 2 =
A + C 31 30' 29,65' '31 21' 21,34' '

=
= 31 25' 55,50' '
2
2
Iteracin 2
a 1 e2
m 2 =
1 e 2 sen 2 m 2
=
2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022)
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 25' 55,50' ') )

2
= 6352922,092m
2
N1 = 6384252,017 m
I (2 ) =
S cos AC
17881,161 cos 160 47' 51,05' '
=
= 548,25911128' '
m 2 arc1' ' 6352922,092 4,848136811 10 -6
II (2 ) =
S 2 sen 2 AC tgm 2 17881,1612 (sen 160 47' 51,05' ') 2 tg 31 25' 55,50' '
=
2 N1 m 2 arc1' '
2 6384252,017 6352922,092 4,848136811 10 -6
II (2 ) = 0,05375440803' '
III ( 2 ) =
S 3 sen 2AC cos AC 1 + 3 tg 2m 2

6 N1 2 m 2 arc1' '
17881,1613 (sen 160 47 ' 51,05' ') cos 160 47 ' 51,05' ' 1 + 3 (tg 31 25' 55,50' ')
6 6384252,017 2 6352922,092 4,848136811 10 -6
2
III ( 2 ) = 0,0001644413545' '

' ' = I ( 2 ) + II (2 ) III ( 2 ) = 548, 259' '0,054' '+0,000 = 548,313' '
= 0 9' 8,31' '
C = A + C = 31 30' 29,65' '+ 0 9' 8,31' ' C = 31 21' 21,34' '

m 3 =
A + C 31 30' 29,65' '31 21' 21,34' '

=
= 31 25' 55,50' '
2
2
m 2 = m 3 ; Por lo tanto se cumple la convergencia

Calculo de longitud
N2 =
(1 e
' ' =
a
2
sen C
2
1
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 ( sen 31 21' 21,34' ') )

2
= 6384201,158m
2
S senAC
17881,161 sen 160 47' 51,05' '
=
N 2 cos C arc1' ' 6384201,158 cos 31 21' 21,34' '4,848136811 10 6
= 222,5128601' ' ' ' ' = 222,51' ' = 0 3' 42,51' '
Por lo tanto la longitud es:
C = A + = 70 37 '12,37' ' 0 3' 42,51' ' C = 70 40' 54,88' '
Calculo de azimut inverso CA
CA = AC + 180
= A C = 0 9' 8,31' '
= 0 4' 34,155'
2
= A C = 222,51' '
' 'senm 222,51' 'sen( 31 25' 55,50' ')
=
' ' = 116,0362871' '
1
cos ( 0 4' 34,155' ')
cos
2
' ' = 116,04' ' = 0 1' 56,04' '
' ' =
CA = AC + 180 = 160 47' 51,05' '+180 +0 1' 56,04' ' CA = 340 49' 47,09' '

Calculo de posicin por el problema directo
( C B)
Calculo de latitud
S cos CB
S 2 sen 2 CB tgm S 3 sen 2CB cos CB 1 + 3 tg 2 m

' ' =
+
2
m arc1' '
2 N1 m arc1' '
N
m4 arc
1' '4443
14243 14442444
3 144464
41 4 2
44
I
II
III
Iteracin 1
CB = CA C = 340 49' 47,09' '94 36' 42,52' ' CB = 246 13' 4,57' '
S = 14719,998m
m 1 = C = 31 21' 21,34' '
m 1 =
N1 =
I (1 ) =
II (1 )
a 1e2
(1 e
(1 e
sen 2 m 1
a
sen m1
2
)
1
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 21' 21,34' ') )

2
=
2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022)
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 21' 21,34' ') )

2
= 6352846,228m
2
= 6384201,158m
2
S cos CB
14719,998 cos 246 13' 4,57' '
=
= 192,7296143' '
m 1 arc1' ' 6352846,228 4,848136811 10 -6
S 2 sen 2CB tgm 1 14719,998 2 ( sen 246 13' 4,57' ')2 tg 31 21' 21,34' '
=
=
2 N1 m 1 arc1' '
2 6384201,158 6352846,228 4,848136811 10 - 6
II (1 ) = 0, 2811411379' '
III (1) =
S 3 sen 2 CB cos CB 1 + 3 tg 2m1

6 N1 2 m 1 arc1' '
14719,9983 ( sen 246 13' 4,57' ') cos 246 13' 4,57' ' 1 + 3 (tg 31 21' 21,34' ')
=
6 6384201,158 2 6352846,228 4,848136811 10 -6
2
III (1) = 0,0003022806431' '

' ' = I (1 ) + II (1) II (1 ) = 192,730' '0,281' '+0,000 = 193,011' '
= 0 3' 13,01' '

B = C + B = 31 21' 21,34' '+0 3' 13,01' ' B = 31 18' 8,33' '
Iteracin 2
m 2 =
m 2 =
B + C 31 18' 8,33' '31 21' 21,34' '

=
= 31 19' 44,835' '
2
2
a 1 e2
(1 e
sen 2 m 2
=
2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 19' 44,835' ') )

2
= 6352819,549 m
2
N1 = 6384201,158m
I (2 ) =
II (2 )
S cos CB
14719,998 cos 246 13' 4,57 ' '
=
= 192,7304237' '
m 2 arc1' ' 6352819,549 4,848136811 10 -6
S 2 sen 2 CB tgm 2 14719,998 2 (sen 246 13' 4,57' ')2 tg 31 19' 44,835' '
=
=
2 N1 m 2 arc1' '
2 6384201,158 6352819,549 4,848136811 10 -6
II (2 ) = 0,2808463838' '
III ( 2 ) =
S 3 sen 2CB cos CB 1 + 3 tg 2 m 2

6 N 1 2 m 2 arc1' '
14719,998 3 (sen 246 13' 4,57 ' ') cos 246 13' 4,57' ' 1 + 3 (tg 31 19' 44,835' ')
=
6 6384201,158 2 6352819,549 4,848136811 10 -6
2
III ( 2 ) = 0,0003019467563' '

' ' = I (2 ) + II (2 ) III ( 2 ) = 192,730' '0,281' '+0,000 = 193,011' '
= 0 3' 13,01' '
B = C + B = 31 21' 21,34' '+0 3' 13,01' ' B = 31 18' 8,33' '
m 3 =
B + C 31 18' 8,33' '31 21' 21,34' '

=
= 31 19' 44,835' '
2
2
m 2 = m 3 ; Por lo tanto se cumple la convergencia.

Calculo de longitud
N2 =
(1 e
' ' =
a
2
sen 2 B
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 18' 8,33' ') )

2
= 6384183,288m
2
S senCB
14719,998 sen 246 13' 4,57' '
=
N 2 cos B arc1' ' 6384183,288 cos 31 18' 8,33' '4,848136811 10 6
= 509,3413639' ' ' ' ' = 509,34' ' = 0 8' 29,34' '
B = C + = 70 40' 54,88' '+ 0 8' 29,34' ' B = 70 32' 25,54' '
B FIJO
= 31 18' 8,32' '
B FIJO
= 70 32' 25,55' '
B CALCULADO = 31 18' 8,33' '
B CALCULADO = 70 32' 25,54' '
' ' = 0,01' '
' ' = - 0,01' '
2 + 2
s
Arco de paralelo = N m cos m arc 1' '
Arco de meridiano = m arc 1' '
Error en posicin =
A = 31 30' 29,65' '

B = 31 18' 8,33' '
C = 31 21' 21,34' '
m = 31 23' 19,77
m =
Nm =
a (1 e 2 )
(1 e
(1 e
sen 2m )
sen m )
2
1
2
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 23' 19,77' ') )

2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
= 6352878,987m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 23' 19,77' ') )

2
= 6384212,131m
2
Arco de paralelo = N m cos m arc 1' ' = 6384212,131 cos 31 23' 19,77' 'arc 1' ' = 26,422 m
Arco de meridiano = m arc 1' ' = 6352878,987 arc 1' ' = 30,800m
= ' 'Arco de meridiano = 0,01' '30,800 = 0,308
= ' 'Arco de paralelo = -0,01''26,422 = 0,264

Error lineal =
2 + 2 =
(0,308)2 + ( 0,264) 2
= 0,406m
s = S AC + S CB = 17881,161 + 14719,998 = 32601,159m

0,406
Error lineal
0,406
1
0,406
Error de posicin =
=
=
=
s
32601,159 32601,159
80298,42118
0, 406
2 + 2
1
; para que el error de posicin se encuentre

s
40.000
dentro de la tolerancia de I orden.
1
1
Error en posicin =
<
0,00001245354498 < 0,000025
80298,42118 40.000
Error en posicin =
El error en posicin se encuentra dentro de esta tolerancia (I orden) por lo tanto se puede
compensar.
' '
' '
Factor de compensacin; FC =
, FC =
S
S
Correccin n = FC (S1 + S 2 + ...... + S n ) correccin n = FC (S1 + S 2 + ..... + S n )
0,01
= 3,067375611 10 7
32601,159
0,01
FC =
= 3,067375611 10 7
32601,159
FC =
Correccin C = 31 21' 21,34' '+FC (17881,161) = 31 21' 21,34' '+0,0055' '

C = 31 21' 21,33' '
Correccin B = 31 18' 8,33' '+ FC (17881,161 + 14719,998) = 31 18' 8,33' '+0,01' '
B = 31 18' 8,32' '
Correccin C = 70 40' 54,88' 'FC (17881,161) = 70 40' 54,88' '0,0055' '
C = 70 40' 54,89' '
Correccin B = 70 32' 25,54' ' FC (17881,161 + 14719,998) = 70 32' 25,54' '0,01' '
B = 70 32' 25,55' '

CALCULO DEFINITIVO
Calculo del exceso esfrico
A = 31 30' 29,65' '
B = 31 18' 8,32' '
C = 31 21' 21,33' '
m = 31 23' 19,77
m =
a (1 e 2 )
(1 e
sen 2m )
(1 e
sen 2m )
1
2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 23' 19,77' ') )

2
Nm =
E''=
= 6352878,987m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 23' 19,77' ') )

2
= 6384212,131m
2
Area
131335952,50
=
= 0,67' '
N m m arc 1' ' 6384212,131 6352878,987 4,848136811 10 6
EU ' ' =
0,67 ' '

= +0, 223' '
3
Reduccin de los ngulos horizontales al elipsoide

Correccin por efecto de la altura de la estacin observada.
X '' =
H 2 e 2 cos 2 2 cos sen

N m 1 e 2 arc 1' '
A = 31 30' 29,65' ' C = 31 21' 21,33' ' ; H C = 3764,24m

AC = 160 47 ' 51,05' '
A + C
= 31 25' 55,49' '
2
a
6378388
Nm =
=
1
1 e 2 sen 2m 2
1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 25' 55,49' ') 2
m =
= 6384226,57 m
2

H C e 2 cos 2 C cos AC senAC
X C '' =
N m 1 e 2 arc 1' '
X C '' =
3764,24 0,006722670022 cos 2 ( 31 21' 21,33' ') cos 160 47 ' 51,05' 'sen160 47' 51,05' '
6384226,57 (1 0,006722670022) 4,848136811 10 6
X C ' ' = 0,186' '

A = 31 30' 29,65' ' B = 31 18' 8,32' ' ; H B = 3720,89m
AB = 198 22' 44,67 ' '
+ B
m = A
= 31 24' 18,985' '
2
a
6378388
Nm =
=
1
1 e 2 sen 2m 2
1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 24' 18,985' ')2
= 6384217,62m
2
H B e 2 cos 2 B cos AB sen AB

X B ' '=
N m 1 e 2 arc 1' '
X B ' '=
3720,89 0,006722670022 cos 2 ( 31 18' 8,32' ') cos 198 22' 29,65' 'sen198 22' 29,65' '
6384217,62 (1 0,006722670022 ) 4,848136811 10 6
X B ' ' = 0,178' '
ngulos observados en terreno

Estacin Punto visado Angulo ledo
X
Angulo corregido
A
C
00 00 00 -0,186 359 59 59,81
B
37 34 53,1 1,178 37 34 54,28
Angulo reducido
00 00 00
37 34 54,47

C = 31 21' 21,33' ' B = 31 18' 8,32' ' ; H B = 3720,89m
CB = 246 13' 4,57' '
C + B
= 31 19' 44,825' '
2
a
6378388
Nm =
=
1
1 e 2 sen 2 m 2
1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 19' 44,825' ')2
m =
1
2
= 6384192,22m
X B ' '=
H B e 2 cos 2 B cos CB senCB

N m 1 e 2 arc 1' '
X B ' '=
3720,89 0,006722670022 cos 2 ( 31 18' 8,32' ') cos 246 13' 4,57 ' 'sen 246 13' 4,57' '
6384192,22 (1 0,006722670022 ) 4,848136811 10 6
X B ' ' = 0,219' '

C = 31 21' 21,33' ' A = 31 30' 29,65' ' ; H B = 3958,10 m
CA = 340 49' 47,09' '
C + A
= 31 25' 55,49' '
2
a
6378388
Nm =
=
1
1 e 2 sen 2m 2
1 0.0067226700 22 (sen 31 25' 55,49' ')2
m =
= 6384226,17 m
2
H A e 2 cos 2 A cos CA senCA

X A ' '=
N m 1 e 2 arc 1' '
X A ' '=
3958,10 0,006722670022 cos 2 ( 31 30' 29,65' ') cos 340 49' 47,09' 'sen340 49' 47,09' '
6384226,17 (1 0,006722670022) 4,848136811 10 6
X A ' ' = 0,195' '

X
Angulo corregido
C
B
00 00 00 0,219
00 00 0,22
A
94 36 42,00 -0,195 94 36 41,80
Angulo reducido
00 00 00
94 36 41,58

B = 31 18' 8,32' ' A = 31 30' 29,65' ' ; H A = 3958,10m
BA = AB 180 = 198 22' 44,67' '180 0 2' 29,46' ' BA = 18 20' 15,21' '
+ A
m = B
= 31 24' 18,98' '
2
a
6378388
Nm =
=
= 6384219,62m
1
1
2
2
1 e 2 sen 2m 2
1 0.0067226700 22 (sen 31 24' 18,98' ')
H A e 2 cos 2 A cos BA senBA

X A ' '=
N m 1 e 2 arc 1' '
X A ' '=
3958,10 0,006722670022 cos 2 ( 31 30' 29,65' ') cos 18 20' 15, 21' 'sen18 20' 15, 21' '
6384219,62 (1 0,006722670022 ) 4,848136811 10 6
X A ' ' = 0,188' '

B = 31 18' 8,32' ' C = 31 21' 21,33' ' ; H C = 3764,24 m
BC = BA + B BC = 18 20' 15,21' '+ 47 48' 24,52' ' BC = 66 8' 39,73' '
B + C
= 31 19' 44,825' '
2
a
6378388
Nm =
=
1
1 e 2 sen 2m 2
1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 19' 44,825' ')2
m =
= 6384192,22m
2
H C e 2 cos 2 C cos BC senBC

X C '' =
N m 1 e 2 arc 1' '
X C '' =
3764,24 0,006722670022 cos 2 ( 31 21' 21,33' ') cos 66 8' 39,73' 'sen66 8' 39,73' '
6384192,22 (1 0,006722670022) 4,848136811 10 6
X C ' ' = 0,222' '

X
Angulo corregido
B
A
00 00 00 0,188 00 00 0,19
C
47 48 24,00 0,222 47 48 24,22
Angulo reducido
00 00 00
47 48 24,03

A
C
00 00 00
B
37 34 53,1
B
A
00 00 00
C
47 48 24,00
C
B
00 00 00
A
94 36 42,00
X
Angulo corregido
-0,186 359 59 59,81
1,178 37 34 54,28
0,188
00 00 0,19
0,222 47 48 24,22
0,219
00 00 0,22
-0,195 94 36 41,80
Angulo reducido
00 00 00
37 34 54,47
00 00 00
47 48 24,03
00 00 00
94 36 41,58
ngulos interiores reducidos

A : 37 34' 54,47' '
B : 47 48' 24,03' '
0,08' '
Error = 0 0' 0,08' ' Error unitario =
= 0,026' '
C : 94 36' 41,58' '
3
= 180 0' 0,08' '
1' ' estacin
I orden
2' ' n 2' ' 3 = 3,46' ' ; con " n" numero de estaciones .
El error de cierre angular se encuentra dentro la tolerancia por lo tanto se puede compensar.
A : 37 34' 54,47 ' '
0,026' '
A : 37 34' 54,44' ' + 0,01' ' A : 37 34' 54,45' '
B : 47 48' 24,03' '
0,026' '
B : 47 48' 24,00' '
B : 47 48' 24,00' '
C : 94 36' 41,58' '

= 180 0' 0,08' '
0,026' '
C : 94 36' 41,55' '

= 179 59' 59,99' '
C : 94 36' 41,55' '

= 180
Cierre angular de la poligonal quedando los ngulos compensados y esfricos.

0,67 ' '
EU ' ' =
= +0, 223' '
3
A : 37 34' 54,45' ' +0,223
A : 37 34' 54,67' ' +0,01' ' A : 37 34' 54,68' '
B : 47 48' 24,00' ' +0,223
B : 47 48' 24, 22' '
B : 47 48' 24,22' '
C : 94 36' 41,55' ' +0,223

= 180
C : 94 36' 41,77 ' '

= 180 0' 0,66' '
C : 94 36' 41,77' '

= 180 0' 0,67' '

Calculo de alturas definitivas
A
Z1 = 90 41' 30,20' '

hi1 = 1,40 m
hb2 = 1,25m
H A = 3958,10 m
Z 2 = 89 27' 16,00' '

hi 2 = 1,46m
hb1 = 0,00 m
S = 17881,161m
1 =
(hb2 hi1 )
2 =
S arc1' '
(hb1 hi 2 ) =
S arc1' '
(1, 25 1,40 )
17881,161 4,848136811 10 -6
(0,00 1,46 )
17881,161 4,848136811 10 -6
= 1,73' '
= 16,84' '
Z1 c = Z1 1 = 90 41' 30,20' '1,73' ' Z 1 c = 90 41' 28,47' '

Z 2 c = Z 2 2 = 89 27' 16,00' '16,84' ' Z 2 c = 89 26' 59,16' '
1
1
h = S tg ( Z 2 c Z1 c ) = 17881,161 tg (89 26' 59,16' '90 41' 28,47' ') = 193,73m
2
2
+ C
m = A
= 31 25' 55,49' '
2
m =
Nm =
a 1 e2
(1 e
(1 e
sen 2m
a
sen 2m
=
2
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 25' 55,49' ') )

2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
= 6352922,089m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 25' 55,49' ') )

2
= 6384226,57 m
2
AC = AB A = 198 22' 44,67' '37 34' 54,68' ' AC = 160 47' 49,99' '

R =
N m m
2
6384226,57 6352922,089
6352922,089 (sen160 47' 49,99' ') 2 + 6384226,57 (cos160 47' 49,99' ')2
R = 6356293,897 m
h
3958,10
A = 1 + 1 = 1 +
= 1,000622706
R 6356293,897
h
193,73
= 1+
B = 1 +
= 1,000015239
6356293
,
897
S2
17881,1612
= 1,000000659
C = 1 +
=
1
+
2
2
12 R 12 6356293,987
h' = h A B C = 193,73 1,000622706 1,000015239 1,000000659 = 193,85m

H C = H A h' = 3958,10 193,85 H C = 3764,25m
Z1 = 90 13' 51,00' '

hi1 = 1,46 m
hb2 = 1,34m
H C = 3764,25m
Z 2 = 89 53' 37,00' '

hi 2 = 1, 45m
hb1 = 1,34m
S = 14719,998m
1 =
2 =
(hb2 hi1 )
S arc1' '
(hb1 hi 2 )
S arc1' '
(1,34 1, 46)
14719,998 4,848136811 10 -6
(1,34 1, 45)
14719,998 4,848136811 10 -6
= 1,68' '
= 1,54' '

Z1 c = Z1 1 = 90 13' 51,00' '1,68' ' Z 1 c = 90 13' 49,32' '
Z 2 c = Z 2 2 = 89 53' 37,00' '1,54' ' Z 2 c = 89 53' 35,46' '
1
1
h = S tg ( Z 2 c Z 1 c ) = 14719,998 tg (89 53' 35,46' '90 13' 49,32' ') = 43,31m
2
2
+ B
m = C
= 31 19' 44,825' '
2
m =
Nm =
a 1 e2
(1 e
(1 e
sen m
2
a
2
sen 2m
=
2
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 19' 44,825' ') )

2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
= 6352819,546m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 19' 44,825' ') )

2
= 6384192,22m
2
CB = CA C = 340 49' 47,09' '94 36' 41,77' ' CB = 246 13' 5,32' '
R =
N m m
m sen 2AC + N m cos 2 AC
6384192, 22 6352819,546
6352819,546 (sen 246 13' 5,32' ') 2 + 6384192, 22 (cos 246 13' 5,32' ') 2
R = 6379069,472 m
h
3764,25
A = 1 + 1 = 1 +
= 1,000590094
R 6379069,472
h
43,31
= 1+
B = 1 +
= 1,000003395
2 R 2 6379069,472
S2
14719,998 2
= 1 +
= 1,000000444
C = 1 +
2
2
12 R 12 6379069, 472
h' = h A B C = 43,31 1,000590094 1,000003395 1,000000444 = 43,34m
H B = H C h' = 3764,25 43,34 H B = 3720,91m

HB
fijo
= 3720,89m
HB calculado = 3720,91m
Error de cierre = -0,02m
Tolerancia para el error de cierre de una nivelacin trigonomtrica.
L = DISTANCIA GEODSICA = 32601,159m = 32,601159 Km.
0,1 L 0,1 32,601159 = 0,5709742464 0,57m
I orden
0,15 L 0,15 32,601159 = 0,8564613696 0,86m
El error de cierre de altura se encuentra dentro la tolerancia por lo tanto se puede
compensar.
error de cierre
El factor de compensacin ser: FC =
L
0,02
FC =
= 6,134751222 10 7
32601,159
Compensacin de las cotas:
Cn = FC S recorrida
CC = FC 17881,161 = 0,010964743 0,01m
C B = FC (17881,161 + 14719,998 ) = 0,02 m
Por lo tanto la cota corregida seria:
H n corregida = H n C n
H C C = 3764,25 0,01 H C C = 3764,24m
H C B = 3720,91 0,02 H C B = 3720,89 m

Calculo de distancias geodsicas definitivas
Calculo de distancia geodsica S AC
+ C
m = A
= 31 25' 55,49' '
2
m =
Nm =
a 1 e2
(1 e
(1 e
sen 2m
a
sen m
2
=
2
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 25' 55,49' ') )

2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
= 6352922,089m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 25' 55,49' ') )

2
= 6384226,57 m
2
AC = AB A = 198 22' 44,67' '37 34' 54,68' ' AC = 160 47' 49,99' '
R =
N m m
2
6384226,57 6352922,089
6352922,089 (sen160 47' 49,99' ') 2 + 6384226,57 (cos160 47' 49,99' ')2
R = 6356293,897 m
Dh = Di 2 h 2 = 17893,074 2 193,86 2 = 17892,024m
hm =
H A + H C 3958,10 + 3764,24
=
= 3861,17 m
2
2
Cnmm =
Dh hm
17892,024 3861,17
=
= 10,869m
R
6356293,987
Dnmm = 17892,024 10,869 = 17881,155m

Cc =
Dnmm 3
117881,1553
=
= 0,006 m
24 R2 24 6356364,35 2
S = 17881,155 + 0,006 S = 17881,161m

Calculo de distancia geodsica S CB
+ B
m = C
= 31 19' 44,825' '
2
a (1 e 2 )
6378388 (1 0,006722670022)
m =
=
3
(1 e 2 sen 2m ) 2 1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 19' 44,825' ') 2
Nm =
(1 e
sen m )
2
=
2
= 6352819,546m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 19' 44,825' ') )

2
CB = CA C = 340 49' 47,09' '94 36' 41,77' ' CB = 246 13' 5,32' '
R =
N m m
2
6384192, 22 6352819,546
6352819,546 (sen 246 13' 5,32' ') 2 + 6384192, 22 (cos 246 13' 5,32' ') 2
R = 6379069,472 m
Dh = Di 2 h 2 = 14728,70 2 43,35 2 = 14728,636m
hm =
H B + H C 3720,89 + 3764,24
=
= 3742,565m
2
2
Cnmm =
Dh hm
14728,636 3742,565
=
= 8,641m
R
6379069,472
Dnmm = 14728,636 8,641 = 14719,995m

Cc =
Dnmm 3
14719,995 3
=
= 0,003m
24 R2 24 6379135,622 2
S = 14719,995 + 0,003 S = 14719,998m
= 6384192,22m
2

Calculo de posicin por el problema directo (definitivo)
( A C)
Calculo de latitud
S cos AC S 2 sen 2 AC tgm S 3 sen 2AC cos AC 1 + 3 tg 2m
' ' =
+
2
m arc1' '
2 N1 m arc1' '
N
m4
arc
1' '4443
14243 14442444
3 144464
414 2
44
II
III
Iteracin 1
AC = 160 47 ' 49,49' '
S = 17881,161m
m 1 = A = 31 30' 29,65' '
m 1 =
N1 =
a 1 e 2
(1 e
(1 e
I (1 ) =
sen 2 m 1
a
sen m1
2
1
2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )

2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )

2
= 6352998,058m
2
= 6384252,017m
2
S cos AC
17881,161 cos 160 47 ' 49,99' '
=
= 548,2515849' '
m1 arc1' ' 6352998,058 4,848136811 10 - 6
II (1 ) =
S 2 sen 2AC tgm1 17881,1612 (sen 160 47 ' 49,99' ')2 tg 31 30' 29,65' '
=
2 N1 m 1 arc1' '
2 6384252,017 6352998,058 4,848136811 10 -6
II (1 ) = 0,0539160356' '
III (1) =
S 3 sen 2 AC cos AC 1 + 3 tg 2 m1
6 N1 2 m 1 arc1' '
17881,1613 (sen 160 47 ' 49,99' ') cos160 47' 49,99' ' 1 + 3 (t g 31 30' 29,65' ')
6 6384252,017 2 6352998,058 4,848136811 10 -6
2
III (1) = 0,000164964233' '

' ' = I (1 ) + II (1) II (1 ) = 548,252' '0,054' '+0,000 = 548,306' '
= 0 9' 8,31' '
C = A + C = 31 30' 29,65' '+0 9' 8,31' ' C = 31 21' 21,34' '
Iteracin 2
m 2 =
m 2 =
A + C 31 30' 29,65' '31 21' 21,34' '

=
= 31 25' 55,495' ' 31 25' 55,50' '
2
2
a 1 e2
(1 e
sen 2 m 2
=
2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022)
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 25' 55,50' ') )

2
= 6352922,092m
2
N1 = 6384252,017 m
I (2 ) =
II (2 )
S cos AC
17881,161 cos 160 47' 49,99' '
=
= 548,2581407' '
m 2 arc1' ' 6352922,092 4,848136811 10 -6
S 2 sen 2 AC tgm 2 17881,1612 (sen 160 47' 49,99' ')2 tg 31 25' 55,50' '
=
=
2 N 1 m 2 arc1' '
2 6384252,017 6352922,092 4,848136811 10 -6
II (2 ) = 0,0537559794' '
III ( 2 ) =
S 3 sen 2 AC cos AC 1 + 3tg 2 m 2

6 N1 2 m 2 arc1' '
17881,1613 (sen 160 47 ' 49,99' ') cos160 47' 49,99' ' 1 + 3 (t g 31 25' 55,50' ')
=
6 6384252,017 2 6352922,092 4,848136811 10 -6
2
III ( 2 ) = 0,00016444587 ' '

' ' = I ( 2 ) + II (2 ) III ( 2 ) = 548, 258' '0,054' '+0,000 = 548,312' '
= 0 9' 8,31' '
C = A + C = 31 30' 29,65' '+ 0 9' 8,31' ' C = 31 21' 21,34' '

m 3 =
A + C 31 30' 29,65' '31 21' 21,34' '

=
= 31 25' 55,50' '
2
2
m 2 = m 3 ; Por lo tanto se cumple la convergencia

Calculo de longitud
N2 =
(1 e
' ' =
a
2
sen C
2
1
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 ( sen 31 21' 21,34' ') )

2
= 6384201,158m
2
S senAC
17881,161 sen 160 47 ' 49,99' '
=
N 2 cos C arc1' ' 6384201,158 cos 31 21' 21,34' '4,848136811 10 6
= 222,5161433' ' ' ' ' = 222,52' ' = 0 3' 42,52' '
C = A + = 70 37' 12,37' ' 0 3' 42,52' ' C = 70 40' 54,89' '
Calculo de azimut inverso CA
CA = AC + 180
= A C = 0 9' 8,31' '
= 0 4' 34,155'
2
= A C = 222,52' '
' 'senm 222,52' 'sen ( 31 25' 55,50' ')
=
' ' = 116,0418095' '
1
cos( 0 4' 34,155' ')
cos
2
' ' = 116,04' ' = 0 1' 56,04' '
' ' =
CA = AC + 180 = 160 47' 51,05' '+180 +0 1' 56,04' ' CA = 340 49' 47,09' '

Calculo de posicin por el problema directo
( C B)
Calculo de latitud
S cos CB S 2 sen 2 CB tgm S 3 sen 2 CB cos CB 1 + 3 tg 2m
' ' =
+
2
m arc1' '
2 N1 m arc1' '
N
m4 arc
1' '4443
14243 14442444
3 144464
41 42
44
II
III
Iteracin 1
CB = CA C = 340 49' 47,09' '94 36' 41,77' ' CB = 246 13' 5,32' '
S = 14719,998m
m 1 = C = 31 21' 21,34' '
N1 =
a 1e2
m 1 =
(1 e
(1 e
I (1 ) =
sen m 1
2
a
2
sen 2 m1
)
1
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 21' 21,34' ') )

2
=
2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022)
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 21' 21,34' ') )

2
= 6352846,228m
2
= 6384201,158m
2
S cos CB
14719,998 cos 246 13' 5,32' '
=
= 192,7280241' '
m 1 arc1' ' 6352846,228 4,848136811 10 -6
II (1 ) =
S 2 sen 2CB tgm 1 14719,998 2 ( sen 246 13' 5,32' ')2 tg 31 21' 21,34' '
=
2 N1 m 1 arc1' '
2 6384201,158 6352846,228 4,848136811 10 -6
II (1 ) = 0, 2811420388' '
III (1) =
S 3 sen 2 CB cos CB 1 + 3 tg 2m1

6 N1 2 m 1 arc1' '
14719,9983 (sen 246 13' 5,32' ') cos 246 13' 5,32' ' 1 + 3 (tg 31 21' 21,34' ')
6 6384201,158 2 6352846,228 4,848136811 10 -6
2
III (1) = 0,0003022791177' '

' ' = I (1 ) + II (1 ) II (1 ) = 192,728' '0,281' '+0,000 = 193,009' '
= 0 3' 13,01' '

B = C + B = 31 21' 21,34' '+0 3' 13,01' ' B = 31 18' 8,33' '
Iteracin 2
m 2 =
m 2 =
B + C 31 18' 8,33' '31 21' 21,34' '

=
= 31 19' 44,835' ' 31 19' 44,84' '
2
2
a 1 e2
(1 e
sen 2 m 2
=
2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022)
(1 0.006722670022 ( sen 31 19' 44,84' ') )

2
= 6352819,551m
2
N1 = 6384201,158m
I (2 ) =
II (2 )
S cos CB
14719,998 cos 246 13' 5,32' '
=
= 192,7288334' '
m 2 arc1' ' 6352819,551 4,848136811 10 -6
S 2 sen 2 CB tgm 2 14719,998 2 (sen 246 13' 5,32' ')2 tg 31 19' 44,84' '
=
=
2 N1 m 2 arc1' '
2 6384201,158 6352819,551 4,848136811 10 -6
II (2 ) = 0,280847299' '
III ( 2 ) =
S 3 sen 2 CB cos CB 1 + 3 tg 2 m 2
6 N1 2 m 2 arc1' '
14719,9983 (sen 246 13' 5,32' ') cos 246 13' 5,32' ' 1 + 3 (tg 31 19' 44,84' ')
=
6 6384201,158 2 6352819,551 4,848136811 10 -6
2
III ( 2 ) = 0,0003019452498' '

' ' = I (2 ) + II (2 ) III ( 2 ) = 192,729' '0,281' '+0,000 = 193,01' '
= 0 3' 13,01' '
B = C + B = 31 21' 21,34' '+0 3' 13,01' ' B = 31 18' 8,33' '
m 3 =
B + C 31 18' 8,33' '31 21' 21,34' '

=
= 31 19' 44,835' '
2
2
m 2 = m 3 ; por lo tanto se cumple la convergencia.

Calculo de longitud
N2 =
(1 e
' ' =
a
2
sen 2 B
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 18' 8,33' ') )

2
= 6384183,288m
2
S senCB
14719,998 sen 246 13' 5,32' '
=
N 2 cos B arc1' ' 6384183,288 cos 31 18' 8,33' '4,848136811 10 6
= 509,341834' ' ' ' ' = 509,34' ' = 0 8' 29,34' '
B = C + = 70 40' 54,89' '+ 0 8' 29,34' ' B = 70 32' 25,55' '
B FIJO
= 31 18' 8,32' '
B CALCULADO = 31 18' 8,33
B FIJO
= 70 32' 25,55' '
B CALCULADO = 70 32' 25,55' '
' ' = 0,01' '
' ' = 0,00' '
2 + 2
s
Arco de paralelo = N m cos m arc 1' '
Arco de meridiano = m arc 1' '
Error en posicin =
A = 31 30' 29,65' '

B = 31 18' 8,33' '
C = 31 21' 21,34' '
m = 31 23' 19,77
m =
Nm =
a (1 e 2 )
(1 e
(1 e
sen m )
2
sen 2m )
1
2
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 23' 19,77' ') )

2
6378388 (1 0,006722670022 )
= 6352878,987m
2
6378388
(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 23' 19,77' ') )

2
= 6384212,131m
2
Arco de paralelo = N m cos m arc 1' ' = 6384212,131 cos 31 23' 19,77' 'arc 1' ' = 26,422 m
Arco de meridiano = m arc 1' ' = 6352878,987 arc 1' ' = 30,800m
= ' 'Arco de meridiano = 0,01' '30,800 = 0,308
= ' 'Arco de paralelo = 0,00' '26,422 = 0,00

Error lineal =
2 + 2 =
(0,308)2 + (0) 2
= 0,308m
s = S AC + S CB = 17881,161 + 14719,998 = 32601,159m

0,308
Error lineal
0,308
1
0,308
Error de posicin =
=
=
=
s
32601,159 32601,159
105847,9188
0,308
2 + 2
1
; para que el error de posicin se encuentre

s
40.000
dentro de la tolerancia de I orden.
1
1
Error en posicin =
<
0,000009447516884 < 0,000025
105847,9188 40.000
Error en posicin =
El error en posicin se encuentra dentro de esta tolerancia (I orden) por lo tanto se puede
compensar.
' '
' '
Factor de compensacin; FC =
, FC =
S
S
Correccin n = FC (S1 + S 2 + ...... + S n ) correccin n = FC (S1 + S 2 + ..... + S n )
FC =
0,01
0,00
= 3,067375611 10 7 ; FC =
=0
32601,159
32601,159
Correccin C = 31 21' 21,34' '+FC (17881,161) = 31 21' 21,34' '+0,0055' '

C = 31 21' 21,33' '
Correccin B = 31 18' 8,33' '+ FC (17881,161 + 14719,998) = 31 18' 8,33' '+0,01' '
B = 31 18' 8,32' '
Correccin C = 70 40' 54,88' ' FC (17881,161) = 70 40' 54,88' '0,00' '
C = 70 40' 54,88' '
Correccin B = 70 32' 25,54' ' FC (17881,161 + 14719,998) = 70 32' 25,54' '0,00' '
B = 70 32' 25,55' '
Por lo tanto las coordenadas geogrficas C y su cota es:
C = 31 21' 21,33' ' ; C = 70 40'54,88' ' ; H C = 3764,24m

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Guia Nº8

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Profesor: Matas Saavedra A.

Ayudante: Andrs Romn E.

A = 31 30' 29,65' '

B = 31 18' 8,32' '

Calcule las coordenadas geogrficas de C y su cota.

Profesor: Matas Saavedra A.

A = 31 30' 29,65' '

Cierre angular de la poligonal

Error = + 0 0' 0,9' ' Error unitario = +

1' ' estacin

A : 37 34' 53,40' '

Profesor: Matas Saavedra A.

Z1 = 90 41' 30,20' '

Z 2 = 89 27' 16,00' '

(hb2 hi1 ) senZ1

(1,25 1, 40) sen 90 41' 30,20' '

(0,00 1,46) sen 89 27' 16,00' ' = 16,83' '

Z1 c = Z1 1 = 90 41' 30,20' '1,73' ' Z 1 c = 90 41' 28,47' '

Profesor: Matas Saavedra A.

(hb2 hi1 ) senZ1

(1,34 1,46 ) sen 90 13' 51,00' '

(1,34 1,45) sen 89 53' 37,00' ' = 1,54' '

Z1 c = Z1 1 = 90 13' 51,00' '1,68' ' Z 1 c = 90 13' 49,32' '

Profesor: Matas Saavedra A.

(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 24' 18,985' ') )

0,67 ' '

Cierre angular de la poligonal quedando los ngulos compensados y esfricos

A : 37 34' 53,62' ' +0,01' ' A : 37 34' 53,63' '

B : 47 48' 24,30' ' +0,223

B : 47 48' 24,52' '

B : 47 48' 24,52' '

C : 94 36' 42,30' ' +0, 223

C : 94 36' 42,52' '

C : 94 36' 42,52' '

Profesor: Matas Saavedra A.

B : 70 32' 25,55' '

0 12' 21,33' '

0 4' 46,82' '

' ' = 741,33' '

(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 24' 18,985' ') )

(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 24' 18,985' ') )

(' 'arc1' ')2

S1 sen + = ' ' N m cos m arc1' '1

(286,82' 'arc1' ') 2

2 (' 'arc1' ')2

S 2 cos + = ' 'm cos arc1' '1 m

6352895,373 2 (741,33' 'arc1' ')2

Profesor: Matas Saavedra A.

(' 'arc1' ')2

m (' 'arc1' ')2

+ = tg 1 0,3318479255 = 18 21' 29,94' '

' 'senm 286,82' 'sen( 31 24'18,985' ')

' ' = 149,459' '

= 18 21' 29,94' '+0 1'14,73' ' = 18 22' 44,67' '

sen(18 21' 29,94' ')

cos (18 21' 29,94' ')

S1 = S 2 ; Por lo tanto la distancia geodsica es: S AB = 24057,11m

Profesor: Matas Saavedra A.

(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )

(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )

Dnmm = 17892,024 10,869 = 17881,155m

S = 17881,155 + 0,006 S = 17881,161m

Profesor: Matas Saavedra A.

(1 0.006722670022 (sen 31 30' 29,65' ') )