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  • Biology 1615 Articlesummary

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    Subsaharan Africa is home to more than 2/3 of the world's 33. Million people that have contracted human immunodeficiency virus, also known as HIV. HIV is similar to other viruses that cause influenza or the common cold, but differs in a negative way such that the human immune system has no way of disposing the malicious contagion. The research took place in southern mozambique, and the basis was to study and analyze the impact of the HIV virus on a pregnant woman and the outcome

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    Subsaharan Africa is home to more than 2/3 of the world's 33. Million people that have contracted human immunodeficiency virus, also known as HIV. HIV is similar to other viruses that cause influenza or the common cold, but differs in a negative way such that the human immune system has no way of disposing the malicious contagion. The research took place in southern mozambique, and the basis was to study and analyze the impact of the HIV virus on a pregnant woman and the outcome

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    34 visualizações4 páginas

    Biology 1615 Articlesummary

    Enviado por

    api-271183412
    Subsaharan Africa is home to more than 2/3 of the world's 33. Million people that have contracted human immunodeficiency virus, also known as HIV. HIV is similar to other viruses that cause influenza or the common cold, but differs in a negative way such that the human immune system has no way of disposing the malicious contagion. The research took place in southern mozambique, and the basis was to study and analyze the impact of the HIV virus on a pregnant woman and the outcome

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF, TXT ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    de 4

    LynDao

    ResearchArticleSummary
    BiologyLab1615,Tuesdays10A.M.

    ImpactofMaternalHumanImmunodeficiencyVirusInfectiononBirthOutcomesand
    InfantSurvivalinRuralMozambique

    Introduction:
    Africaisawidelyknowncontinentforobtainingthefirsttracesofhumanexistence,
    exoticvacationspots,andfataldiseases.SubSaharanAfrica,aregionthatsgeographically
    positionedsouthoftheSaharaDesert,ishometomorethanoftheworlds33.2millionpeople
    thathavecontractedhumanimmunodeficiencyvirus,alsoknownasHIV.Furtherspeaking,
    approximately80%ofthoseinfectedcomefromparturientwomen.
    HIVissimilartoothervirusesthatcauseinfluenzaorthecommoncold.However,it
    differsinanegativewaysuchthatthehumanimmunesystemhasnowayofdisposingthe
    maliciouscontagion.TheroleofHIVistoattackthebodysTcells,whichhavetheprimary
    responsibilityoffightingoffinfectionsordiseases.Onceenoughcellshavebeendestroyedby
    thevirus,theinfectioncouldleadtoAIDS,thefinalstageoftheHIV,wheremostpeopledie.
    TheresearchtookplaceinsouthernMozambique,andthebasiswastostudyandanalyze
    theimpactoftheHIVvirusonapregnantwomanandtheoutcomeofherbaby,andwhether
    singledoseintrapartumandneonatalnevirapine(sdNVP)couldpreventmothertochildtransfer
    ofthevirus.


    MaterialsandMethods:
    Womenwhoparticipatedinthestudyresearchreceivedalonglastinginsecticidetreated
    netthatcoveredtheirbed.Aftergivingawrittenconsent,thebloodsampleswerethencollected
    fromthetestsubjectsinordertoassessanemiaandsyphilisscreening.Theviralstatusofthe
    HIVinthemotherweredeterminedandrecordedatthetimeofhervoluntarycontribution.
    Motherswithuncertainresultswereasktoreturnwithinamonthtoretest.
    Duringlabor,arterialblood,theumbilicalcord,andplacentabloodwereaccumulated.
    Thebloodistakentocontinuetheanemiascreening,theumbilicalcordwasusedfor
    hematologicandparasitologicalcalculations,andtheplacentabloodtrialwastakenformalaria
    inspection.Afterbirth,themotherandchildisexaminedevery4to6weeksforanyblood,
    parasite,orviralverifications.

    ResultsandDiscussion:
    Ofallthe870mothersthatagreedtoparticipateinHIVtesting,660wereHIVnegative
    while207werepositive.Conclusively,womenwhowereinfectedwithHIVwerenotablyata
    muchhigherrisktohaveanemiaduringdelivery,includingobtainingahigherproportionfora
    positivesyphilistestresult,andalsoaprominentcurrencyofmalnutrition.
    Offspringsborntowomenwhowereinfectedweighedanaverageof3,000grams
    comparedtothosewhowereHIVfreehavingoffspringsthatwerecommonlybornweighingat
    3,040grams.Infantsborntoinfectedmotherswereata1.5foldhigherpervasivenessofanemia

    at1monthofage.Nocorrelationwasfoundbetweenbothtypesofoffspringandmalariasince
    themalariafoundatonemonthofagewassimilarinbothgroups.Asafollowuptomalaria,
    therewasalsonocorrelationtobefoundwithearlyandlateneonataldeath,eventhoughthe
    overallinfantmortalityratewasfoundhigherinoffspringswhowereborntoHIVpositive
    women.
    ThisresearchstudyevaluatedtheconsequencesofmaternalHIVinfectionsonthebirth
    ofinfantsinsouthernMozambique.OtherthanHIVpositivemothersattainingahigherriskof
    anemiaduringlabor,therewerenosignificantdifferencesinthepregnancyoutcomessuchas
    birthrates,abortions,pretermdelivery,andstillbirth.Theresultshadthesignificantmeaningsof
    whethertheparentwascontractedwiththehumanimmunodeficiencyvirusornot,reflectedupon
    theirchildsconditionrightafterbirthandtheirlifespan.ChildrenwhoinheritedHIVweremore
    likelytopassawayduringthefirstmonthoflife,andhavelessthan200cells/microliterworthof
    Tcells.Duetothefactthatthedatareceivedfromthetrialswerecloselysimilartothetestsdone
    inthepast,morestatisticsshouldbecollectedinordertoimprovetheresearch.

    Bibliography:
    https://www.aids.gov/hivaidsbasics/hivaids101/whatishivaids/
    https://jennastephens.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/scientificarticlefinaldraft1.pdf
    http://www.ajtmh.org
    http://www.healthline.com/health/hivaids

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