HIV/AIDSandSTIs

1.Gotothefollowingwebsitestoanswerthefollowingquestions:
http://www.hcsc.gc.ca/hcps/dcma/aidssidaeng.php
http://www.hcsc.gc.ca/hcps/dcma/stiitseng.php
WhatdoesHIVandAIDSstandfor?HIVstandsforHuman
ImmunodeficiencyVirusandAIDSstandsforAcquired
ImmunodeficiencySyndrome
Whathappenswhenyougetthesediseases?HIVattacksthe
immunesystem,resultinginachronic,progressiveillnessthatleaves
infectedpeoplevulnerabletoopportunisticinfectionsandcancers.
HowisHIVtransmitted?engaginginunprotectedsexualintercourse
(analorvaginal),sharingsextoys,sharingneedlesorequipmentfor
injectingdrugsorsteroids,mothertochildtransmissionduring
pregnancy,delivery,andbreastfeeding.
WhyisHIVsodifficulttotreatordeveloppreventionsfor?There
isnocurefortheHIVinfection.Treatments,knownasantiretrovirals,
onlysuppressthevirusreplicationinthebodyanddisrupttheaction
ofthevirus.Advancesintreatmenthavehelpedprolongthelivesand
improvethequalityoflifeofpeoplelivingwithHIV/AIDS.However,
antiretroviralsarenotacure.
Whichgroupsofpeoplearemostatrisktoday?HIVparticularly
affectsadolescentsandyoungpeople.
GotooneofthereportsonAIDS.Describetwothingsinthe
reportthatyoudidnotknowbeforeaboutAIDS.AIDSisfatalif
leftuntreated.Thereisnocure.Themediantimefrominfectionto
AIDSdiagnosisnowexceeds10years.

4.GototheSTIswebsiteanddescribethesymptomsofeachof
thefollowing:
i)ChlamydiaSymptomsinclude:vaginaldischarge,burning
sensationwhenurinating,paininthelowerabdomen,sometimes
withfeverandchills,painduringsex,vaginalbleedingbetween
periodsorafterintercourse.
ii)GonorrheaSymptomsinclude:aburningsensationwhen

urinating,yellowish/whitedischargefromthepenis,burningor
itchingattheopeningofthepenis,painfulorswollentesticles.
iii)Herpes(Genital)Women'ssymptomscaninclude:sores
insideornearthevagina,thecervix,ontheexternalgenitals,near
theanus,oronthethighsorbuttocks,tenderlumpsinthegroin
(lymphadenopathy)
Men'ssymptomscaninclude:soresonthepenis,aroundthe
testicles,neartheanus,oronthethighsorbuttocks,tenderlumps
inthegroin(lymphadenopathy)
iv)HumanPapillomavirus(HPV)ManypeoplewhohaveHPV
havenosymptomsoftheinfection.Anogenitalwarts(alsocalled
Condylomata)areonesignofHPVinfection.
v)SyphilisInprimarysyphilis,apainlessopensoreorulcer
appearsatthesitewherethebacteriafirstenteredthebody,usually
thegenitalarea,throat,oranus,andswollenglandsmaybepresent
inthegroin.
Insecondarysyphilissymptomsinclude:patchyhairloss,arashon
thesolesofthefeet,thepalmsofthehands,orelsewhereonthe
body,fever,malaise,swollenglandsandflatgrayishwhitesoresin
mouthandongenitals.
5.Howareeachoftheabovetreatedorcured?
i)ChlamydiaItisdiagnosedthroughaurinesampleorby
swabbingtheinfectedareaandistreatedwithantibiotics.
ii)GonorrheaGonorrheacanbetreatedwithantibiotics,though
theinfectionisbecomingincreasinglyresistanttoantibiotics.
iii)Herpes(Genital)Thereisnovaccineorcure,butantiviral
medicationcanhelpeasethepainassociatedwiththesoresand
controlrecurrentepisodes.
iv)HumanPapillomavirus(HPV)ThereisnocureforHPV
infections,butmanyofthesymptomsaretreatable.
v)Syphiliseasilytreatedwithpenicillinorotherantibiotics
6.Whataretheconsequencesofeachofthesediseases?

i)ChlamydiaForwomenitcanleadtopelvicinflammatory
disease(PID).Mencandevelopscarringoftheurethra,making
urinationdifficultandoccasionallycausinginfertility.
ii)GonorrheaInwomen,untreatedgonorrheacanleadtopelvic
inflammatorydisease(PID).Mencandevelopepididymitis,a
painfulinflammationinthetubesattachedtothetesticles
iii)Herpes(Genital)Painanddiscomfortarethemainhealth
effectsofgenitalherpes,buttheviruscanalsocauseemotionaland
socialproblemsforthoseinfected.
iv)HumanPapillomavirus(HPV)HPVcausesalmostallcervical
cancersbutisalsolinkedtocancerofthethroat,oralcavity,penis,
anus,vaginaorvulva.
v)SyphilisItisatthetertiarystagethatsyphiliscandothemost
damagetothebody,affectingthebrain,bloodvessels,heart,and
bones.Ifuntreated,syphiliscaneventuallyleadtodeath.
7.FindaRELIABLEsourcetodescribethedifferenttypesof
hepatitis:
i)HepAHepatitisAisaninfectiousliverdiseasecausedbythe
hepatitisAvirus(HAV).
ii)HepBHepatitisBcanleadtoseriousliverdamage,liver
cancerandtheneedforlivertransplantation.
iii)HepCHepatitisCcanleadtoseriousliverdamage,liver
cancerandtheneedforlivertransplantation.
8.Whatarethesymptomsofhepatitis?
i)HepAWhensymptomsdeveloptheyincludefever,tiredness,
lossofappetite,nausea,abdominalpain,darkurine,andyellowing
oftheskinandeyeballs(jaundice).
ii)HepBJaundice,lossofappetite,stomachpain,darkurine,
fatiguebuttheremayshownosymptoms
iii)HepCThemajorityofcasesshownosymptoms.Mayshow
jaundice,uneasiness,lossofappetite,stomachpain,darkurineand
Fatigue

9.Describethetreatmentsorcures?
i)HepAcertainmedications
ii)HepBcertainmedications,livertransplant
iii)HepCcertainmedications
l0.Whataretheconsequencesofeachofthethreetypesof
hepatitis?
i)HepAdestroylivertissue,causelivertofall,weakenbodys
immunesystemandcancausedeath
ii)HepBcauselivercancer,destroylivertissue,causeliverto
fall,weakenbodysimmunesystemandcancausedeath
iii)HepCcauselivercancer,destroylivertissue,causeliverto
fall,weakenbodysimmunesystemandcancausedeath