1) The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the virus that causes Acquired

Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

2) HIV attacks the immune system, resulting in a chronic, progressive illness that leaves
infected people vulnerable to opportunistic infections and cancers.

3) HIV or AIDS is transmitted through:

Engaging in unprotected sexual intercourse (anal or vaginal)

Sharing sex toys

Sharing needles or equipment for injecting drugs or steroids

Mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, delivery, and breast-feeding.

4)

HIV infects a kind of white blood cell called a CD4 lymphocyte, a key player in the
immune response. What makes HIV so sneaky is that it infects the very cells that are
supposed to rub out viral infections.

5) Usually those types of people who are homeless I think are most at risk who exchange
sex for food, shelter and cloth. Those people who dont use protection are the most
common reason for passing on these diseases to others.
6) 1) 95% of the worlds HIV-infected population lives in the worlds poorest countries,

indicating a definite correlation between poverty, lack of education, lesser development

and the contraction of the disease. 2) HIV is not transmitted by any and all fluid contact.
Numerous misconceptions exist about how it is transmitted but most are
unsubstantiated. For example, there is still no concrete evidence that HIV can actually be
transmitted via piercings, tattooing or through bodily fluids other than blood or sperm.

Part 4: Symptoms
1) Chlamydia:

vaginal discharge

burning sensation when urinating

pain in the lower abdomen, sometimes with fever and chills

pain during sex

vaginal bleeding between periods or after intercourse

Symptoms for men can include:

discharge from the penis

burning sensation when urinating

burning or itching at the opening of the penis

pain and/or swelling in the testicles

2) Gonorrhea:

For men who do experience symptoms, these may include:

a burning sensation when urinating

yellowish/white discharge from the penis

burning or itching at the opening of the penis

painful or swollen testicles

For women, the early symptoms of gonorrhea are often mild and many of those infected
have no symptoms at all. In other cases, women may mistake the symptoms for a
bladder or vaginal infection. For women who do experience symptoms, these can
include:

a burning sensation when urinating

vaginal discharge

pain in the lower abdomen

pain during sex

vaginal bleeding between periods or after sex

3) Genital Herpes:

Women's symptoms can include:

sores inside or near the vagina, the cervix, on the external genitals, near the
anus, or on the thighs or buttocks

tender lumps in the groin (lymphadenopathy)

Men's symptoms can include:

sores on the penis, around the testicles, near the anus, or on the thighs or
buttocks

tender lumps in the groin (lymphadenopathy)

4) HPV:

In women, warts may appear on the vulva, thigh, anus, rectum, or in the vagina or
urethra with the cervix being a common HPV infection site. During pregnancy, the
number and size of warts can increase, but usually decrease after delivery.

5) Syphilis:

patchy hair loss

a rash on the soles of the feet, the palms of the hands, or elsewhere on the body

fever

malaise

swollen glands

flat grayish-white sores in mouth and on genitals

Part 5: HOW is each treated?

1) Since bacteria cause chlamydia, the disease can often be treated

with antibiotics. Azithromycin is an antibiotic usually prescribed in
a single dose, while doxycycline must be taken twice per day for
about one week.
2) Yes, gonorrhea can be cured with the right treatment. It is important that you take all

of the medication your doctor prescribes to cure your infection. Medication for
gonorrhea should not be shared with anyone. Although medication will stop the
infection, it will not undo any permanent damage caused by the disease.
3) There is no vaccine or cure, but antiviral medication can help ease the pain

associated with the sores and control recurrent episodes.

4) In Canada, two vaccines are available to help prevent some types of HPV,
including the ones that cause 70% of cervical cancers and 70-90% of anogenital
warts.
5) Syphilis is diagnosed through a simple blood test and is easily treated with
penicillin or other antibiotics.

Part 6: consequences of each disease

1) If you have anal intercourse with someone who has chlamydia, it can

2)

3)
4)
5)

cause rectal pain, discharge, or bleeding. If left untreated in women, the

infection can cause Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), which can lead to
long term pain, infertility, or even death. In men, chlamydia may cause
pain, fever, and sterility.
Gonorrhea can also cause arthritis.
In men, gonorrhea can cause epididymitis, a painful condition of the testicles that
can lead to infertility if left untreated.
Gonorrhea can spread to the blood or joints.
Genital Herpes does not affect the ability to have children. Recurrent episodes during
a pregnancy very rarely affect the baby in the uterus, however a first episode late in
the pregnancy could be serious and immediate medical attention is required.
Human papillomavirus (HPV), the most common newly acquired sexually transmitted
infection in the United States, is a necessary cause of cervical cancer and genital
warts and is associated with many other anogenital and head-and-neck cancers.
Without proper treatment the infection can spread to other parts of the body causing
serious; long-term complications. Left untreated; syphilis may start to cause very
serious damage to the heart; brain; eyes; other internal organs; bones and nervous
system.
Part 7
Viruses that primarily attack the liver are called hepatitis viruses. There are
several types of hepatitis viruses including types A, B, C, D, E, and possibly G.
Types A, B, and C are the most common. Viral hepatitis types B and C can cause
chronic hepatitis.
8) Loss of appetite.
Fatigue, mild fever, muscle or joint aches, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain.
9) Antiviral medications. Several antiviral medications including lamivudine
(Epivir), adefovir (Hepsera), telbivudine (Tyzeka) and entecavir (Baraclude) can
help fight the virus and slow its ability to damage your liver and the other option
can be to transplant your liver.
10) In time, the hepatitis C infection can affect the entire body. Early symptoms,
including yellowing skin and fatigue, may be mild and easily dismissed. Chronic
infection can cause scarring of the liver (cirrhosis). As the disease progresses,
symptoms such as skin problems, blood disorders, and fever may appear.