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will
then
switch
back
to
Spanish
and
reread
the
story
aloud
in
Spanish
with
student
volunteers.
Students
will
then
receive
a
cloze
version
of
the
story
and
will
individually
complete
the
blanks
using
conjugations
of
ar
verbs
in
the
preterite
or
imperfect.
Students
will
then
check
their
answers
with
partners,
and
finally
the
class
will
review
and
discuss
the
answers
on
the
projector.
(25
minutes)
7.) Students
will
watch
a
short
video
clip
of
Ferdinand
the
Bull
with
focus
again
given
to
completed
events
vs.
descriptions
to
increase
understanding.
(5
minutes)
8.) Students
will
complete
a
short
exit
pass
to
demonstrate
a
rudimentary
understanding
of
the
preterite
and
imperfect
tenses
and
their
conjugations
for
ar
verbs.
(5
minutes)
9.) There
is
no
homework.
With your partner, decide whether each sentence below is written in the preterite or
imperfect. Circle the verb and any other key words that helped you determine your answer.
1.) __________
2.) __________
3.) __________
4.) __________
5.) __________
6.) __________
7.) __________
8.) __________
9.) __________
10.) __________
11.) __________
12.) __________
13.) __________
14.) __________
Me llamo _______________
Todos los otros toros que vivan en la pradera ______________ (desear) pelear en las
corridas de toros de Madrid. Pero Ferdinando no. A Ferdinando ________________ (gustar)
sentarse en quietud debajo del rbol y oler las flores.
Los cinco hombres le vieron y decidieron que Ferdinando era el toro ms grande y ms feroz
de todos. Y ellos
corrida.
Cuando
Ferdinando
________________
(llegar)
la
corrida,
las
bandas
ya
________________ (tocar) y las seoras bonitas tenan flores en el pelo. En la Plaza de Toros una
procesin ________________ (empezar). Primero los Banderilleros vinieron, y despus los
Picadores, que ________________ (montar) a caballos. Luego ________________ (entrar) el
Matador. El Matador tena una capa roja y una espada para matar al toro al final. Por fin, vino el
toro. Y sabes cul era, verdad? FERDINANDO.
Le llamaron Ferdinando el Feroz y todos los Banderilleros, los Picadores, y el Matador tenan
mucho miedo de l. Ferdinando corri al centro de la area. Pero Ferdinando no ________________
(desear) pelear. Cuando ________________ (llegar) al centro de la arena y vio las seoras bonitas
con flores en su pelo, todo lo que hizo fue sentarse en quietud y olerlas.
Los
Banderilleros,
los
Picadores,
el
Matador
estuvieron
furiosos.
El
Matador
Y segn lo que s*, all est todava, debajo de su rbol, oliendo las flores. Es muy feliz.
*oler: to smell
*escogidos
*escoger: to choose
*Segn lo que s: As far as I know
Me llamo __________
Me llamo __________
Me llamo ______________
I. Lo bsico
*There are two common past tenses in Spanish: the preterite and the imperfect. (There are also
two other past tenses: the present perfect and pluperfect.)
*Sometimes the tenses are used by themselves and other times together.
*Generally, both tenses are needed to narrate a story and express oneself in the past tense.
*The tense with the most irregular conjugations is the preterite, thus we will review it in
chunks.
*The imperfect is used to talk about things you used to do and actions that happened in the
past for an unspecified period of time and to describe people, places, or things in the past.
It usually translates to would/used to or was-ing in English. Use the imperfect for a.)
descriptions (A PAW TALE), b.) incomplete actions, and c.) habitual actions.
Age
Physical condition
Appearance
Weather
Time
Attitudes and desires
Location
Emotional state
Incomplete Actions
Habitual Actions
*The preterite is used for talking about completed actions with specific beginnings and/or
ending times. It usually translates to ed (walked, talked, etc.) in English. The preterite is also
used for one-time reactions. (Me gust la pelcula anoche.)
Pretrito
El domingo: Sunday
Imperfecto
rd
Ayer: yesterday
antes: before
a veces: sometimes
siempre: always
a menudo: often
raramente: rarely
por lo general
finalmente
generalmente
*Ejemplos:
Ayer, yo me despert a las seis. Me duch. Me vest. Fui a la escuela. Hice mi tarea. Cen
con mi familia y por fin me dorm. (PRETRITO)
Cuando era joven, yo jugaba con muecas, trepaba los rboles, beba el zumo de manzana,
dorma en una cuna, y lloraba mucho. (IMPERFECTO)
*Note that ar stem-changing verbs do NOT stem change in the preterite or imperfect tenses.
Pretrito
Imperfecto
*Verbs ending in car, -gar, and zar will have spelling changes in the yo form of the preterite
tense, but not in the imperfect.
tocar
entregar
empezar
*Prctica: Cambia las frases del presente al pasado. Usa las palabras claves indicadas para decidir
entre el pretrito y el imperfecto.
1.) Yo compro una chaqueta nueva. (ayer) _______________________________________________
2.) Ella baila con Paco. (siempre) _____________________________________________________
3.) T trabajas en la playa. (cada verano) _______________________________________________
4.) Nosotros hablamos con el abogado. (anoche) __________________________________________
5.) T y yo nadamos en la piscina. (nunca) _______________________________________________
6.) Vosotros miris el programa. (anteayer) _____________________________________________
Imperfecto
ir
ver
ir
ver
hacer
estar
decir
*In most tenses (including present tense and imperfect tense), use ____________ to express
knowledge or ignorance about a fact, skill, or information about something. (to know a fact).
Use ____________ to say that one is or is not acquainted with a person, place, or object.
(to be familiar with).
*In the preterite tense, saber changes meanings and translates to _______________. In the
preterite tense, conocer changes meanings and translates to _________________. This is
because one cannot know something for only one moment in time- the verbs inherently must
change meaning to function in this tense.
* Saber is irregular in the preterite tense but not in the imperfect:
Pretrito
Imperfecto
Imperfecto
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
F:
U:
Ser
Ir
Poder
Poner
Estar
Traer
Decir
Hacer
Venir
Dar
*Note that most FUJI verbs, with the exceptions of yo forms of ser, ir, dar, and ver, and
the ellos form of the J group, have the same endings:
*Hay un rima que puede ayudarte en recordar muchos (pero no todos) de los verbos irregulares:
*No verbs stem-change in the imperfect tense. In the preterite tense, only ir stem-changing
verbs stem change. These verbs will change o u and e i, but only in the l and ellos forms:
dormir
preferir
pedir
*Refer to your Spanish 3 verb list (group 4) for other stem-changing verbs. Remember, only
stem-changing verbs ending in ir will have any spelling changes in the preterite!
caer
leer
huir
or