1.

Students representations about stereotypes

1.1 9th grade students
We applied 100 questionnaires to students of the 9th grade about their representations of
Romanian, Portuguese, Turkish and Lithuanian stereotypes. We also applied them to secondary
students, especially those who are working on the project.
The results are in the graphs below.
1.1.1 Portuguese students representations about Romanians stereotypes

Romania is the land of vampires.

I disagree I
I'm not
completely disagree sure
0
19
47

I agree
14

I agree
completely
7

Romanian people speak Russian.

18

15

39

22

Romania is a rural country

14

60

23

Romanian people are Gypsy people.

15

50

27

Romainia is a poor country

Romanian people are friendly and
hospitable.

23

49

20

11

84

Transylvania is a creepy region.

15

55

21

The products are cheap in Romania.

The Gypsy population is a difficult social
problem.

80

15

51

28

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

I disagree completely

I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Graph 1: Portuguese students representations about Romanian stereotypes

Portuguese students dont have stereotypes about Romanian people. They said that it is a country
of Gipsy (33%) and these people are still considered as a difficult social problem (30%).

1.1.2 Portuguese students representations about Portuguese stereotypes

The Portuguese women dress in black.

The Portuguese are short and have dark
complexion.

I disagree I
I'm not
completely disagree sure
25
47
5

I agree
18

I agree
completely
5

16

49

11

20

The Portuguese take a nap in the afternoon.

16

32

21

29

The Portuguese are sad.

32

40

17

11

The Portuguese are lazy.

21

27

15

28

The Portuguese are welcoming people.

In Portugal people speak Spanish.
The Portuguese arrive late to meetings.

16

43

29

48
12
56

26
31
31

11
16
7

14
33
4

1
8
2

In Portugal there is sun all over the year.

60
50
40
30
20
10
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Graph 2: Portuguese students representations about Portuguese stereotypes

Portuguese students of 9th grade think that Portuguese people are welcoming.

1.1.3 Portuguese students representations about Turkish stereotypes

Turkish people are Muslims.

I disagree I
completely disagree
25
47

I'm not
I agree
sure
I agree completely
5
18
5

Turkish women wear scarf.

Turkey has a religious government.

16

49

11

20

16

32

21

29

Turkish people speak Arabics.

32

40

17

11

Turkish men are Macho.

21

27

15

28

Turkish men wear long dresses.

63

19

Turkish men have several wives.

Turkish people have black hair and they are darkskinned people.

48

26

11

14

12

31

16

33

The weather in Turkey is always hot.

56

31

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree

I agree completely

Graph 3: Portuguese students representations about Turkish stereotypes

Portuguese students of the 9th grade dont have stereotypes about Turkish people.

1.1.4 Portuguese students representations about Lithuanian stereotypes

Lithuania is a part of Russia.

I disagree I
I'm not
completely disagree sure
7
27
50

I agree
13

I agree
completely
3

Lithuanians are obsessed with basketball.

43

39

Lithuanians speak Russian.

64

26

Lithuanian women wear traditional red and white dresses.

Lithuanians drink a lot of vodka.

66

21

69

23

Lithuania is a very cold country.

63

19

Lithuania is a rural country.

64

23

Lithuanian people are blonde and tall.

13

59

22

Lithuanians eat mainly potatoes.

10

63

20

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Grafic 4: Portuguese students representations about Lithuanian stereotypes

Portuguese students of the 9th grade dont have stereotypes about Lithuanina people.

We also wanted to know if secondary students have got stereotypes, so we applied the same
questionnaire to 48 secondary school students.

1.2 Secondary school students

1.2.1 Portuguese secondary school students representations about Romanians

Romania is the land of vampires.

I disagree
I'm not
I agree
completely I disagree sure
I agree
completely
4
12
16
11
5

Romanian people speak Russian.

10

17

11

Romania is a rural country.

17

18

Romanian people are Gypsy people.

18

10

14

Romainia is a poor country.

12

19

16

Romanian people are friendly and hospitable.

35

11

Transylvania is a creepy region.

12

21

11

The products are cheap in Romania.

31

13

The Gypsy population is a difficult social problem.

17

15

40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Grafic 5: Portuguese students representations about Romanian

Secondary school Portuguese students dont have stereotypes about Romanian.

1.2.2 Portuguese secondary school students representations about portuguese

The Portuguese women dress in black.

I disagree I
I'm not
completely disagree sure
15
19
0

I agree
13

I agree
completely
1

The Portuguese are short and have dark complexion.

10

27

The Portuguese take a nap in the afternoon.

17

23

The Portuguese are sad.

20

22

The Portuguese are lazy.

18

18

The Portuguese are welcoming people.

Portugal people speak Spanish.

19

26

31

11

The Portuguese arrive late to meetings.

19

21

In Portugal there is sun all over the year.

22

24

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Grafic 6: Portuguese students representations about portuguese

Secondary school Portuguese students have the stereotype that Portuguese are welcoming people.

1.2.3 Portuguese secondary school students representations about Turkish

Turkish people are Muslims.

Turkish women wear scarf.
Turkey has a religious government.
Turkish people speak Arabics.
Turkish men are Macho.
Turkish men wear long dresses.
Turkish men have several wives.
Turkish people have black hair and they are
dark-skinned people.
The weather in Turkey is always hot.

I disagree
completely
4
0
0
1
0
2
1

I
disagree
23
7
4
7
6
13
10

16

21

20

19

30
25
20
15
10
5
0

I'm not
sure
14
21
21
23
26
23
25

I agree
7
20
19
13
16
9
10

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Graph 7: Portuguese students representations about the Turkish

Secondary school Portuguese students have the stereotype that Turkish people have black hair and
they are dark-skinned people.

I agree
completely
0
0
4
4
0
1
2

1.2.4 Portuguese secondary students representations about Lithuanians

Lithuania is a part of Russia.

I disagree I
I'm not
completely disagree sure
18
22
5

I agree
2

I agree
completely
1

Lithuanians are obsessed with basketball.

12

25

Lithuanians speak Russian.

12

22

12

Lithuanian women wear traditional red and white dresses.

Lithuanians drink a lot of vodka.

37

20

17

Lithuania is a very cold country.

12

34

Lithuania is a rural country.

10

18

20

Lithuanian people are blonde and tall.

26

11

Lithuanians eat mainly potatoes.

38

40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Graph 8: Portuguese students representations about the Lituanians

Secondary school Portuguese students have the stereotype that Lithuania is a very cold country.

2. Portuguese teachers representations

2.1 Portuguese teachers representations about Romanian stereotypes

Now we present results of the stereotype questionnaires for teachers.

Romania is the land of vampires.

I disagree I
I'm not
completely disagree sure
5
6
2

I agree
4

I agree
completely
3

Romanian people speak Russian.

Romania is a rural country.

12

Romanian people are Gypsy people.

10

Romania is a poor country.

12

Romanian people are friendly and hospitable.

12

Transylvania is a creepy region.

The products are cheap in Romania.

11

The Gypsy population is a difficult social problem.

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree

I agree completely

Graph 9: Teachers representations about Romanian stereotypes

Portuguese teachers see Romania as a rural and poor country.

2.2 Portuguese teachers representations about Portuguese stereotypes

The Portuguese women dress in black.

I disagree I
completely disagree
9
5

I'm not
sure
2

I agree
3

I agree
completely
1

The Portuguese are short and have dark complexion.

The Portuguese take a nap in the afternoon.

11

The Portuguese are sad.

10

The Portuguese are lazy.

11

The Portuguese are welcoming people.

13

14

The Portuguese arrive late to meetings.

10

In Portugal there is sun all over the year.

10

In Portugal people speak Spanish.

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Graph 10: Teachers representations about Portuguese stereotypes

Portuguese teachers see the Portuguese as welcoming people; they arrive late to meetings
and they see their country with sunshine all over the year.

2.3 Portuguese teachers representations about Turkish stereotypes

Turkish people are Muslims.

Turkish women wear scarf.

Turkey has a religious government.

10

Turkish people speak Arabics.

Turkish men are Macho.

Turkish men wear long dresses.

Turkish men have several wives.

Turkish people have black hair and they are dark-skinned people.

10

The weather in Turkey is always hot.

10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

I disagree completely
I disagree

I'm not sure

I agree
I agree completely

Graph 11: Teachersrepresentations about Turkish stereotypes

Portuguese teachers see the Turkisk as dark-skinned people with black hair; they are
Muslims, the women wear scarves and men are Macho.

2.4 Portuguese teachers representations about Lithuanian stereotypes

Lithuania is a part of Russia.

Lithuanians are obsessed with basketball.
Lithuanians speak Russian.
Lithuanian women wear traditional red and white dresses.
Lithuanians drink a lot of vodka.
Lithuania is a very cold country.
Lithuania is a rural country.
Lithuanian people are blonde and tall.
Lithuanians eat mainly potatoes.

I disagree I
completely disagree
8
7
4
4
1
10
3
2
2
3
3
7
1
6
2
4
5
4

10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

I'm not
sure
1
2
7
6
5
1
5
1
5

I agree
4
9
0
9
6
9
7
10
6

I agree
completely
0
1
2
0
4
0
1
3
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree

I agree completely

Graph 12: Teachers representions about Lithuanian stereotypes

Portuguese teachers see Lithuanian people as blond and tall who drink a lot of vodka, and
are obsessed with basketball.

3. Staffs representations about stereotypes

3.1 Staffs representation about Romanian stereotypes
We present now data from the staff about the stereotypes questionnaires.

Romania is the land of vampires.

I disagree I
I'm not
completely disagree sure
2
2
1

I agree
0

I agree
completely
0

Romanian people speak Russian.

Romania is a rural country.

Romanian people are Gypsy people.

Romania is a poor country.

Romanian people are friendly and hospitable.

Transylvania is a creepy region.

The products are cheap in Romania.

The Gypsy population is a difficult social problem.

4,5
4
3,5
3
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,5
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Graph 13: Staffs representation about Romanian stereotype questionnaires

The staff think that Romania is a rural and poor country with Gypsy people.

3.2 Staffs representation about Portuguese stereotypes

I disagree
I'm not
completely I disagree sure

I agree

I agree
completely

The Portuguese women dress in black.

The Portuguese are short and have dark complexion.

The Portuguese take a nap in the afternoon.

The Portuguese are sad.

The Portuguese are lazy.

The Portuguese are welcoming people.

In Portugal people speak Spanish.

The Portuguese arrive late to meetings.

In Portugal there is sun all over the year.

4
3,5
3
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,5
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Graph 14: Staffs representation about Portuguese stereotype questionnaires

As teachers and students, staff also see the Portuguese as welcoming people.

3.3 Staffs representation about Turkish stereotypes

Turkish people are Muslims.

I disagree I
I'm not
completely disagree sure
0
2
1

I agree
2

I agree
completely
0

Turkish women wear scarf.

Turkey has a religious government.

Turkish people speak Arabics.

Turkish men are Macho.

Turkish men wear long dresses.

Turkish men have several wives.

Turkish people have black hair and they are darkskinned people.

The weather in Turkey is always hot.

4
3,5
3
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,5
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Graph 15: Staffs representation about Turkish stereotype questionnaires

The staff see the Turkish as dark-skinned people with black hair; the women wear scarves
and the men are Macho.

3.4 Staffs representation about Lithuanians stereotypes

Lithuania is a part of Russia.

I disagree I
I'm not
completely disagree sure
1
3
1

I agree
0

I agree
completely
0

Lithuanians are obsessed with basketball.

Lithuanians speak Russian.

Lithuanian women wear traditional red and white
dresses.
Lithuanians drink a lot of vodka.

Lithuania is a very cold country.

Lithuania is a rural country.

Lithuanian people are blonde and tal.

Lithuanians eat mainly potatoes.

5
4,5
4
3,5
3
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,5
0

I disagree completely
I disagree
I'm not sure
I agree
I agree completely

Graph 16: Staffs representation about Lithuanians stereotype questionnaires

The staff see Lithuanians as blond and tall people; they think the country is very cold and rural
country.

th

9 grade students
100
questionnaires
Secondary
students

Teachers

Staff

ROMANIA
0

PORTUGAL
welcoming
people

TURKEY
0

LITHUANIA
0

welcoming
people

very cold
country

a rural and
poor country

welcoming
people

black hair and

they are darkskinned
people
black hair and
dark-skinned

a rural and
poor country

that
arrives Muslims
late
to
meetings
the women
wear scarf
a
country
where there is men are
sun all over Macho
the year
welcoming
black hair and
people
dark-skinned

Gypsy people

the women
wear scarf
men are
Macho

are blond and

tall
drink a lot of
vodka
obsessed with
basketball

are blond and

tall
very cold
country

a rural country

BUILDING A NEW EUROPE AGAINST STEREOTYPES

WHERE ARE THEY FROM?
ROMANIA - TURKEY LITHUANIA

ROMANIA

ROMANIA

TURKEY

TURKEY

LITHUANIA

HES TURKISH

SHES ROMANIAN

11Turkish
1 Lithuanian
2 Romanian

7 Romanian
1 Turkish
6 Lithuanian
ROMANIA

ROMANIA

TURKEY

TURKEY

LITHUANIA

SHES ROMANIAN

10 Lithuanian
4 Romanian
ROMANIA

ROMANIA

TURKEY

TURKEY

LITHUANIA

10

HES TURKISH

7 Turkish
3 Lithuanian
4 Romanian
ROMANIA

ROMANIA

TURKEY

TURKEY

LITHUANIA

SHES LITHUANIAN
8 Lithuanian
5 Romanian

LITHUANIA

HES TURKISH

3 Turkish
3 Romanian
7 Lithuanian

LITHUANIA

SHES LITHUANIAN

5 Romanian
5 Turkish
4 Lituanian

LITHUANIA

11

LITHUANIA

SHES ROMANIAN
4 Romanian
9 Lithuanian
1 Turkish

ROMANIA

ROMANIA

TURKEY

TURKEY

LITHUANIA

12

SHES TURKISH

SHES ROMANIAN

3 Turkish
4 Romanian
7 Lithuanian

3 Romanian
3 Turkish
8 Lithuanian
ROMANIA

ROMANIA

TURKEY

TURKEY

LITHUANIA

13

SHES ROMANIAN

8 Turkish
4 Romanian
2 Lithuanian
ROMANIA

ROMANIA

TURKEY

TURKEY

LITHUANIA

SHES ROMANIAN
4 Romanian
6 Turkish
4 Lithuanian

LITHUANIA

HES TURKISH

5 Romanian
5 Turkish
4 Lithuanian

LITHUANIA

14

LITHUANIA

SHES LITHUANIAN
9 Lithuanian
3 Romanian
2 Turkish

Just by looking at the faces of the teachers working on the project, we asked the teachers and staff
in our to guess their nationalities. The conclusion is that most of the teachers associated black skin and hair
with Turkish nationality and blond and light skin with the Lithuanian nationality.