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Observation
Guide
Physical
Development
Pre-K
(4
year
olds)
o Grasp
pencil
in
whole
fist
and
use
their
arm,
hand
and
fingers
as
a
single
unit
o Focus
on
visually
far
away
objects
o Clumsy
o Need
lots
of
physical
activity
o Can
sit
still
for
short
periods
o Awkward
with
small
movements
o Learn
through
large
muscle
activity
o Unable
to
switch
between
near
and
far
focus
Physical
Development
Strategies
o Room
should
be
set
up
to
o Provide
time
and
space
for
provide
plenty
of
space
for
free
play
movement
to
minimize
accidents
o Climbing
apparatus
on
playground
o A
quarter
of
school
day
should
be
in
physical
activity
Comments:
Cognitive
Development
Pre-K
(4
year
olds)
o Short
attention
spans
o Learn
best
by
moving
large
muscles
o Need
to
play/explore
o Enjoy
music,
rhythm,
and
repeating
patterns
o Love
being
read
t
o Need
hands
on
experiences
o Accepts
responsibilities
and
individual
tasks
Comments:
Provide
blocks,
manipulatives,
clay,
sand
water
Predictable
and
clear
daily
schedules
Learning
environment
that
is
both
structured
and
exploratory
Tie
instruction
to
childrens
interests
Clear
and
simple
directions
and
expectations
Provide
opportunities
for
students
to
count
and
sort,
do
simple
addition
and
subtraction
with
manipulatives
Hands-on
exploration
of
size,
shape,
length,
volume
Opportunities
to
practice
writing
numbers
and
do
simple
equations
o Provide
classroom
environment
suitable
for
sustained,
quiet
work
periods
o Give
students
a
heads-up
that
its
time
to
prepare
for
transitions
o Discovery
centers
(inquiry
based
learning)
o Ask
them
to
do
one
task
at
a
time
o Give
opportunities
to
do
more
computations
with
money
and
time
o Let
students
work
with
fractions
by
measuring,
weighing,
and
comparing
o Allow
students
to
experiment
with
symmetry
and
geometry
o Provide
opportunities
for
students
to
practice
mathematical
skills
with
games
o Provide
quiet
corners
for
reading
or
working
Comments: