THE PROPERTIES OF THE

ORTHODONTIC ARCHES

OUTLINE
Flexibility
Cross section
Length
Material properties
Friction
Importance of the ligatures
Material properties
Cross section importance

Stiffness and the cross-sectional

dimension
of the wires
The form of cross
section
The variation of cross
section size

Stiffness and the length

of the wires
The connection
between the length of
the wire and the inter
bracket distance

loop

The possibility of the enlarge of

the length of wires

Loop systems
Upper retractor
Lower retractor
Delta loop

Utility and the sectional arch

Stiffness and the material

of the wires
Gold alloy
Iron alloy
Titan alloy

Three-point bending test

L=10mm
Bending 5mm

Gold alloy
Nowadays uses only as a
coat material
A TMA wires stiffness
similar with the gold
arches

Iron alloy
Iron with Chrome-nickel
Iron with Cobalt-chrome-nickel

Cobalt-Chrome-nickel-iron
Elgiloy
Material:
Cobalt(40%)
Chrome(20%)
Nickel(0,15%), Molibden(7%),
Manganese(2%),
Beryllium(0,04%)
Carbon(15%), Iron(15,81%)

Annealing

Titan alloy
in the martensitic form
stabilised titan alloy
in the austenitic form
stabilised titan alloy
Super elastic alloy
cu NiTi

Austenitic form stabilised titan alloy

titan molybdenum
wire
TMA arch (betatitanium)

In the martensitic form stabilised

titan alloy
titan- nickel- cobalt
Nitinol or M niti

Super elastic alloy

A-NiTi
1985 Chinese NiTi
1986 Japanese NiTi Sentalloy
Fujio Miura
1988 DREHT method

Nivelliation with super NiTi- wire

10 mm

10 mm

16x22 superelastic 118cN

(16x22 iron 1360cN)

16x22 superelastic 63cN

(16x22 iron 730cN)

Super-NiTi arch, force-deflection

diagram

Super elastic arches force-deflection

curves

The DREHT method arches

properties

The influence of the friction

Ligation
Diameter of the arch
Material of the arch
Surface of the
elements
System without
friction

The ligation forms

Traditional ligature wire
Elastic ligatures different
forms

Special brackets for ligation

Newest techniques in the ligation