It is but natural if death evokes fear of disruption in our lives, but it is a reality that confronts everyone sooner or later, with the loss of a dear one or with threat to our own lives. Down the ages and across the societies there have been efforts to assist individuals and families to find meaning in death so as to secure social stability. However, the confrontation and imposition of cultures in a globalized world do not always make this objective easy for every individual who has to face death, or for others who have to bear its consequences.
There has been much interest among the social scientists in the West since 1950s in analyzing the phenomenon of death and its social impact. Among these prominent social scientists are Edgar Morin, Alberto Tenenti, H. Feifell, Geoffrey Gorer. This latter author, a British sociologist published a seminal essay entitled “The Pornography of Death”, motivated by his own personal experiences, starting with the death of his father who was among the thousand and more passengers of Lusitania liner that was sunk by a German submarine on 7 May 1915. Gorer remembered how people kept a studied silence in his presence and treated him with special attention. But when he told his teacher one day that he could no longer look at flowers or relax, the teacher shot back in reprehension and asked him to stop being morbid.
It is but natural if death evokes fear of disruption in our lives, but it is a reality that confronts everyone sooner or later, with the loss of a dear one or with threat to our own lives. Down the ages and across the societies there have been efforts to assist individuals and families to find meaning in death so as to secure social stability. However, the confrontation and imposition of cultures in a globalized world do not always make this objective easy for every individual who has to face death, or for others who have to bear its consequences.
There has been much interest among the social scientists in the West since 1950s in analyzing the phenomenon of death and its social impact. Among these prominent social scientists are Edgar Morin, Alberto Tenenti, H. Feifell, Geoffrey Gorer. This latter author, a British sociologist published a seminal essay entitled “The Pornography of Death”, motivated by his own personal experiences, starting with the death of his father who was among the thousand and more passengers of Lusitania liner that was sunk by a German submarine on 7 May 1915. Gorer remembered how people kept a studied silence in his presence and treated him with special attention. But when he told his teacher one day that he could no longer look at flowers or relax, the teacher shot back in reprehension and asked him to stop being morbid.
It is but natural if death evokes fear of disruption in our lives, but it is a reality that confronts everyone sooner or later, with the loss of a dear one or with threat to our own lives. Down the ages and across the societies there have been efforts to assist individuals and families to find meaning in death so as to secure social stability. However, the confrontation and imposition of cultures in a globalized world do not always make this objective easy for every individual who has to face death, or for others who have to bear its consequences.
There has been much interest among the social scientists in the West since 1950s in analyzing the phenomenon of death and its social impact. Among these prominent social scientists are Edgar Morin, Alberto Tenenti, H. Feifell, Geoffrey Gorer. This latter author, a British sociologist published a seminal essay entitled “The Pornography of Death”, motivated by his own personal experiences, starting with the death of his father who was among the thousand and more passengers of Lusitania liner that was sunk by a German submarine on 7 May 1915. Gorer remembered how people kept a studied silence in his presence and treated him with special attention. But when he told his teacher one day that he could no longer look at flowers or relax, the teacher shot back in reprehension and asked him to stop being morbid.
Dialectic of Life and Death
{Us but natural if death evokes fear of
dsrupton in ourves, but itis realy
that confrons eveyone sooner rater,
Le withthe las dear one or with threat
‘oour own Ives Downtheages and across
the socites there have been efforts to
asstinvidvalsand fais fred mean
Ing ndeathsoasto secur social stabi
Nowe te cannon animoston
of cates ina gobalzed world 0 rat
alas makes objective coy freer,
Indah foc cath, 0 OF
itersnnoraveto ears conemuencet
"here as been much rest among
sashes ean e
in analyzing the phenomenon of death
Agrowing preference — andits social mpact. Among these promi-
mation in the el socal cents are ga Moy Ae
Wesremation ye Geto ferent Fle Gece Go
gems to.bein Geer «Brin socagst pushed 8
Keeping with its seminal ey ented “The Pornosephy
exaggerated of Death, motated ty his own pesoral
experiences, stating wit the death ois
rationality, avoiding Yaheruto was among the thousand and
thereby theneed of more passengers of Lustara ainer that
visiting a cemetery or Was sunk ty German submarine on 7
: ‘May2015.Gorer remembered how people
‘burial space, partly aS —gepr studied sence mis presence and
‘an expression of treated fim wih spec attention But
‘about when e tld is eacher one day hate
ena could no longer look at flowers or relax,
‘etwacheshotbackineprension and
asked hit oping more
en pr neers Ha
Jin 1961, his elder brother Pierre, a
renowned doctor, developed a cancer. He
was not tld about ony his we wasi=
formed. utshe ad gown accusiored to
geting ayy et sland scomplats
about his neal This probably increased
bis depressions an led to his death much
fase tan expected. The body was then
leaned and testa by professional pes-
sonnel other inte the ly members
to se ‘how lovely he ood almost aif
the had come ale, The American way of
handing the desd di not enthuse the
fami of Bish inellacuas
‘The body uss cremated, bu the widowe
idnotateetheAralcan ejus funeral
senvce and refused tobe present ding
the cremation She was educated to Fide
ter feelings in public. As a result others
were let with no opportunity to convey
{heircondolencesorerentocommunicte
wth her to avoid upseting her. na short
time she could o longer bear heisolation
and enered a severe depression. Ths ed
Goer tounderke his ua about te ma
fem boo about bereaiement inthe West.
' rowing preference for cemation in
the West ses o bein Keeping with ts
exaggerated raonaity, avoiding thereby
the need of sting a cemetery or bu
spac, pally a an expression of delet
about afte, but ao asa way get on
‘with the route afte wrhout topping to
tuminate over the loss. This is a major
change from the pubic attuges in the
cath nesta moderity, when butalswere
taken out of the Church precincts into
cemeteries inthe midASth century Some
ofthese weretumedntavetable nen ar
museum tombs sanexresion
‘ofthe bourgea's classes seetng to assert
their new earred weath and stats, but
abo thei concer for heath and hygiene,
‘incetradtonal burisinidetheCrurches
were endangering the heath of teat
who requnted the for uals,
The Chisiansin Goahave accompanied
‘he changing meray ofthe Wes hough
an their own pace. The period of bereave
‘ment estillarely respected and isnot
‘uncommon in the rural areas to hear a
close telaive of the deceased walleg in
the early haus ofthe day break ding
weeks fllowing the death. is beeved
that atthe tar of the day, a bereaing
person fees wth sreatrintnstytheloss
{and absence ofadear one
The Hindu community of Goa atways
‘maintained is custom of cremation ata
‘usu (cremation ste using tewood,
and since mre recently in crematoria
With fanace. [can recal several dens
‘nce my chidhood ill more ecentyears
The eaves was a dassrateBaslo Pit,
atthe age of 7.Itconvnced me that was
tiring on borrowed time and should not
waste any oft This and other cases have
‘erains eth in my emory anchelped
my personal growth, correcting some of
ny attudes in life and making t more
eaningulfor nyse and usetidta thers
In ths bes the dalctic of ite and death
“here canbe stations tat may require
alte serie, m soldat wit fellow ha
‘man beings Such brave cases re recorded
inthe Naz concentration camps where
some nvduls offered th vesto save
Some others from gas chambers. For 3
Hindu guided by Bhagved Gia itis the
nha karma actos hat co nathan
for rests at all costs) that prepares for
‘moksta, ensuring a death without agony
(Teotoio Re Souza'sthe founder
tect Kavi Cee of Historical Research,
Goa (1979-1994 He present resides in
Portugal where he is a Fellow ofthe Por
tuguese Academy of History ance 1983,
and retred as Professor and Head of te
Department of istor, Uniesede Luss
fora. Tweets @ramamat)