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Nomenclature
Chemical Formulas
Chemical formulas show the kinds of atoms and number of
atoms in the smallest representative unit of the substance.
Chemical Formulas
Molecular formula:
The number and kinds of atoms in a moleculecular
compound
Tells us about composition, but not structure
Formula unit:
The lowest whole number ratio of ions in an ionic compound
Example 1
The ratio of oxygen:hydrogen in water is 16:2
The ratio of oxygen:hydrogen in hydrogen peroxide is 32:2
For 1.0 grams of hydrogen, the ratio of the masses of
oxygen is a simple whole number ratio:
Example 2
Lead forms two compounds with oxygen. One contains 2.98
g lead and 0.461 g oxygen. The other contains 9.89 g lead
and 0.763 g oxygen. What is the lowest whole number mass
ratio of lead that combines with the given masses of
oxygen?
Lesson 1
Naming Ionic Compounds
Polyatomic Ions
Tightly bound groups of atoms that behave as a single
unit and carry charge
Polyatomic Ions
Names end in -ite or -ate
o -ite signifies lower count of oxygen atoms than -ate
The charge on ion pairs is the same
o Sulfate and sulfite both have a 2- charge
If the formula begins with hydrogen, then it is a
hydrogen ion paired with another polyatomic ion
Example 3
Name the following compounds:
a) Potassium & chlorine ions:
b) Calcium & bromine ions:
c) Iron (III) & oxygen ions:
Example 4
Electrically neutral, balance charges using the criss-cross
method
a) Iron (III) & oxygen ions:
b) Potassium & chlorine ions:
c) Calcium & sulfur ions:
Example 5
Name and balance:
a) Potassium & nitrogen ions:
b) Lithium & sulfur ions:
c) Tin (IV) & oxygen ions:
Example 6
Work backwards (reverse criss cross) to name the following
binary ionic compounds that contain Group B transition
metals:
a) AlF3
b) FeO
c) Cu2S
d) CaSe
Example 7
Name the following:
a) NaC2H3O2:
b) LiCN:
c) Cu2HPO4:
Example 8
Write balanced formulas for the following:
a) Calcium nitrate:
b) Aluminum Hydrogen Carbonate:
Example 8 (cont.)
c) Barium Sulfate:
d) Lead (IV) Chromate:
e) Sodium Hypochlorite:
Lesson 2
Naming Molecular Compounds
Example 9
Name the following:
a) CBr4:
b) Cl2O7:
c) N2O5:
d) BCl3:
e) CrCl3:
Example 10
Write molecular formulas for the following:
a) Carbon disulfide:
b) Dinitrogen tetrahydride:
c) Carbon tetrachloride:
d) Diphosphorus trioxide:
Lesson 3
Naming Acids and Bases
Example 11
Write the names of the following:
a) HF:
b) HC2H3O2:
c) H2SO4:
d) HNO2:
Example 12
Write formulas for the following:
a) Chloric acid:
b) Hydrobromic acid:
c) Chromic acid:
Example 12 (cont.)
d) Hydroiodic acid:
e) Chlorous acid:
f) Perchloric acid:
Review
Review
Identify the following as ionic, molecular, acidic, or basic.
Then write a balanced formula.
1) Potassium permanganate:
2) Lead (II) Chromate:
3) Magnesium Phosphide:
Review
4) Ammonium Sulfate:
5) Nitrous Acid:
6) Strontium Bromide:
Review
7) Tin (II) Hydroxide:
8) Iron (III) Oxalate:
9) Disulfur Trioxide:
Review
10) Magnesium nitrate:
11) Aluminum Hydrogen Carbonate:
12) Sodium Phosphate:
Review
Identify the following as ionic, molecular, acidic, or basic
then write the correct name.
1) CaCO3:
2) CaHPO4:
3) ICl:
Review
4) BaF2:
5) I4O9:
6) H2S:
Review
7) SnCr2O7:
8) KClO4: