WHAP: AP Review

World History Timeline

2,500,000 BCE

Paleolithic era begins

200,000
40,000
20,000
10,000
8,000
3,100

Neandertal in Europe
Cro-Magnon in Europe - earliest art
Man crosses to Americas
Ice Age ends
Neolithic era begins
Hieroglyphics and cuneiform invented
Bronze Age beings in Mesopotamia - Sumeria
Unification of Upper & Lower Egypt
River Civilizations

Third Millenium BCE

2600
2575 - 2134
2500 - 2000
2350 - 2230
2112 - 2004
2040 - 1640
2000
Second Millenium BCE
1900
1900 - 1600
1792 - 1750
1750
1750 - 1027
1600
1500
1473 - 1458
1353
1200 - 900
1200 - 539
1027 - 221
1000 - 600

Beginning of Indus Valley civilization - Harappa and

Mohenjo Daro
Old Kingdom in Egypt
Bronze metallurgy emerges
Akkadian Kingdom (Semitic)
Third Dynasty of Ur (Sumerian)
Middle Kingdom in Egypt
Early Minoan civilization on Crete
End of Indus Valley civilization
Old Babylonian Kingdom (Semitic)
Hammurabi rules Babylon - Hammurabis Code
Rise of kingdom of Kush
Shang Dynasty
Rise of Mycenaean civilization in Greece
Indo-European migrations begin - Dorians to Greece;
Aryans to India; Latins to Italy; Celts to Europe
Hatshepsut rules Egypt
Akhenaten (1379-62) launches reforms in Egypt
Rise of Olmec civilization, centered on San Lorenzo
Phoenician trading kingdom
Zhou Dynasty
Iron metallurgy emerges
Classical Civilizations

First Millenium BCE

911
900 - 600
900 - 250
814
650 - 500

Rise of Neo-Assyrian Empire

La Venta becomes dominant Olmec city
Chavin civilization in the Andes
Founding of Carthage
Era of tyrants in Greece


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626 - 539
600 - 400
6th Century BCE
551 - 479
550 - 530
522 - 486
507
c. 500

Neo-Babylonian Empire
Olmec declines

500 - 1000 CE

Life of Confucius
Reign of Cyrus in the Persian Empire
Reign of Darius
Establishment of the Roman Republic
Siddhartha Gautama founds Buddhism; Mahavira
founds Jainism
Life of Lao Zi
Bantu migrations

5th Century BCE

480 - 479
480 - 221
477
461 - 429
431 - 404

Xerxes invasion of Greece

Warring States Period in China
Athens becomes leader of Delian League
Pericles dominant in Athens
Peloponnesian War

4th Century BCE

334 - 323

317

Alexander the Great defeats Persia and creates huge

empire
Hellenistic period
Chandragupta Maurya becomes king - lays foundation
for Mauryan Empire
End of democracy in Athens

3rd Century BCE

221
206

Qin emperor, Shi Huangdi, unites Eastern China

Han Dynasty

2nd Century BCE

184

Fall of Mauryan Empire

323 - 30
324

1st Century BCE

31 - 14 CE
30

Augustus establishes the Principate

Roman annexation of Egypt, the last Hellenistic
kingdom

First Millenium CE
1st Century CE
45 - 58
2nd Century CE
100

Paul spreads Christianity in the eastern

Mediterranean
Teotihuacan founded


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100 - 400

Hopewell culture in Ohio River Valley

3rd Century CE
220
224 - 651
235 - 284
250

Fall of the Han Empire

Sassanid Empire
Third-century crisis in Roman Empire
Maya early classic period begins

4th Century CE
320
324
325

Chandragupta establishes Gupta Empire

Constantine moves capital to Constantinople
Constantine convenes Council of Nicaea

5th Century CE
400 - 1300
476

Polynesian settlement of Pacific islands

Deposing of the last Roman emperor in the West
The Middle Ages

6th Century CE
500s
500
527 - 565
550
570 - 632

Kingdom of Ghana begins

Trade route develops through Strait of Malacca
Justinian and Theodora rule Byzantine Empire
Justinian Code
Collapse of Gupta Empire
Life of the Prophet Muhammad

7th Century CE
618
639 - 42
661 - 750
683 - 1025

Tang Empire founded

Arabs conquer Egypt
Umayyad Caliphate rules from Damascus
Srivijaya trading kingdom in Southeast Asia

8th Century CE
700 - 12000
711
732
744
c. 750
750
755
770 - 1200
794 - 1185

Anasazi culture
Berbers and Arab conquer Spain
Battle of Tours
Uigur empire founded
Teotihuacan destroyed
Beginning of Abbasid Caliphate
Umayyad state established in Spain
Viking voyages
Heian era in Japan

9th Century CE
800
800 - 900
840

Coronation of Charlemagne
Rise of Mississippian culture
Maya centers abandoned, end of classic period
Suppression of Buddhism in China


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843
10th Century CE
907
950 - 1180
960
962

Treaty of Verdun divides Carolingian Empire among

Charlemagnes grandsons
Collapse of Tang Empire
Fujiwara influence in Japan
Song Empire founded
Beginning of the Holy Roman Empire

2nd Millenium CE
11th Century CE
1050 - 1250
1054
1066
1077
1095
1099

Cahokia reaches peak power

Great Schism between Latin and Orthodox Churches
Normans under William the Conqueror invade
England
Climax of investiture controversy
Pope Urban II calls for First Crusade
First Crusade captures Jerusalem

12th Century CE
1127 - 1279
1185
1187

Southern Song period

Kamakura shogunate founded in Japan
Saladin recaptures Jerusalem

13th Century CE
1204
1206
1215
1227
1230s
1234
1237 - 1240
1250
1258
1260
1265
1271
1279
1281
1295
14th Century CE
1324 - 1325
1325
1333 - 1338

Western knights sack Constantinople in Fourth

Crusade
Temujin chosen Genghis Khan of the Mongols
Delhi Sultanate founded in India
Magna Carta issued
Death of Genghis Khan
Mali Empire founded
Mongols conquer northern China
Mongol invasion of Kievan Russia
Mamluks control Egypt
Mongols sack Baghdad and end Abbasid Caliphate
Mamluks defeat Il-khans
Khubilai becomes last Great Khan
Founding of Yuan Empire
Mongol conquest of Southern Song
Mongols attack Japan
Il-khan Ghazan converts to Islam
Mansa Musas pilgrimage to Mecca
Aztec capital Tenochtitlan founded
End of Kamakura Shogunate in Japan, beginning of
Ashikaga


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1337
1346
1347 - 1351
1368
1370
1398

Start of Hundred Years War

Plague outbreak at Kaffa
Black Death
Ming Empire founded
Reign of Timur
Timur sacks Delhi, Delhi Sultanate declines
The Modern Era

15th Century CE
1400s
1405
1405 - 1433
1415
1418 - 1460
1438
1449
c. 1450
1453
1454
1462 - 1505
1488
1492
1492 - 1500
1497 - 1498
1498
16th Century CE
1500
1500 - 1700
1502
1502 - 1524
1514
1518
1519
1519 - 1522
1519 - 1520
1520 - 1566
1526
1529
1530

Great Zimbabwe at its peak

Death of Timur
Voyages of Zheng He
Portuguese take Ceuta
Voyages of Henry the Navigator
Inca expansion begins
Mongol attack on Beijing
First printing with movable type in the West
Ottomans capture Constantinople
End of Hundred Years War
Gutenberg Bible printed
Ivan III unites Russia under rule of Moscow, throws
off Mongol rule (1480)
Bartolomeu Dias reaches Indian Ocean
Fall of Muslim state of Granada
Expulsion of Jews from Spain
Christopher Columbus reaches Caribbean
Spanish conqueror Hispaniola
Vasco da Gama reaches India
Christopher Columbus reaches mainland of South
America (third voyage)
Mississippian culture declines
Port of Malacca at its peak
Gold trade predominates Africa
Moctezuma II crowned Aztec ruler
Shah Ismail establishes Safavid rule in Iran
Defeat by Ottomans at Chaldiran limits Safavid
growth
Smallpox arrives in Caribbean
Protestant Reformation begins
Ferdinand Magellans expedition
Hernn Corts conquers Aztec Empire
Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent; peak of Ottoman
Empire
Babur defeats last sultan of Delhi at Panipat
First Ottoman siege of Vienna
Amsterdam Exchange opens


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1531 - 1533
1540s
1542
1545
1546 - 1555
1556 - 1605
1562 - 1598
1571
1582
1587 - 1629
1590s
17th Century CE
1600
1602
1607
1608
1609
1613 - 1645
1618 - 1648
1620
c. 1620
1620s - 1630s
1621
1642 - 1648
1649
1660s
1662 - 1722
1664
1667 - 1697
1672
1689 - 1725
1699
18th Century CE
1700s
1700 - 1830
1712
1722
1756 - 1763
1762 - 1796
1764
1765
1769
1769 - 1778

Francisco Pizarro conquers Inca Empire

Scientific Revolution begins
New Laws outlaw Amerindian enslavement
Catholic Reformation begins
German Wars of Religion
Akbar rules in Agra; peak of Mughal Empire
French Wars of Religion
Ottoman naval defeat at Lepanto
Japanese invasion of Korea
Reign of Shah Abbas the Great; peak of Safavid
Empire
Little Ice Age begins
English East India Company founded
Tokugawa Shogunate begins
Dutch East India Company founded
Jamestown founded
Louisiana founded
Galileos astronomical telescope
Rule of Mikhail, the first Romanov tsar
Thirty Years War
Plymouth founded
African slave trade provides majority of plantation
workers
English and French colonies in Caribbean
Dutch West India Company chartered
English Civil War
Closing of Japan
English Navigation Acts
Rule of Emperor Kangxi
English take New York from Dutch
Wars of Louis XIV
Royal African Company chartered
Rule of Peter the Great
Quebec founded
The Enlightenment begins
Slave trade predominates Africa
St. Petersburg becomes Russias capital
Afghan invades topple last Safavid shah
French and Indian War/Seven Years War
Rule of Catherine the Great
Spinning jenny
East India Company (EIC) rule of Bengal begins
James Watt patents steam engine
Captain James Cook explores New Zealand and
eastern Australia


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1770
1776
1776 - 1783
1789
1789 - 1799
1791
1793 - 1794
1793
1795
19th Century CE
1804
1804 - 1815
1805
1808
1808 - 1809
1810 - 1821
1812 - 1815
1814
1815
1822
1826
1834
1839 - 1842
1846 - 1848
1847 - 1848
1848
1850 - 1864
1853 - 1856
1853
1857 - 1858
1859
1861 - 1865
1862 - 1865
1862 - 1895
1862 - 1908
1867
1868
1869
1871
1877

Boston Massacre
American Declaration of Independence
Adam Smiths
Wealth of Nations
American Revolution
U. S. Constitution ratified
French Revolution
Slaves revolt in Saint Domingue (Haiti)
Reign of Terror in France
Eli Whitneys cotton gin
End of Dutch East India Company
Haitians defeat French invasion and declare
independence
Napoleon crowns himself emperor
Napoleonic Wars
Muhammad Ali seizes Egypt
Britain outlaws slave trade
Revolutions for independence begin in Spanish South
America
Mexican movement for independence
War of 1812
Napoleon abdicates
Congress of Vienna opens
Napoleon defeated at Waterloo
Brazil gains independence
Janissary corps dissolved
Britain abolishes slavery
Opium War
Mexican-American War
Irish famine
Revolutions in France, Austria, Germany, Hungary
and Italy
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
Communist Manifesto
Taiping Rebellion
Crimean War
Commodore Matthew Perry visits Japan
Sepoy Rebellion leads to end of EIC rule and Mughal
rule
Charles Darwins
On the Origin of Species
U. S. Civil War
French invade Mexico
French conquer Indochina
Rule of Dowager Empress Cixi in China
End of Atlantic slave trade
Meiji Restoration
Opening of the Suez Canal
Unification of Germany and Italy
Queen Victoria becomes Empress of India


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1884 - 1885
1885
1894
1898
1899
1899 - 1902
20th Century CE
1900
1904
1904 - 1905
1904 - 1914
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1911 - 1919
1912 - 1913
1914
1916
1917
1918
1918 - 1921
1919
1923
1927
1929
1931
1933
1934 - 1935
1934 - 1940
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940

Berlin Conference
Leopold II obtains Congo Free State
First Indian National Congress
Sino-Japanese War
Spanish-American War
U. S. acquires Puerto Rico and the Philippines
Second Boer War (South Africa vs. Great Britain)
Boxer Rebellion
British-French Entente
Russo-Japanese War
U. S. builds Panama Canal
Revolution of 1905 (Russia)
All-India Muslim League founded
British-Russian Entente
Belgium annexes Congo
African National Congress founded
Japan annexes Korea
Chinese revolutionaries led by Sun Yat-sen overthrow
Qing dynasty
Mexican Revolution
Balkan Wars
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand sparks
World War I
Battles of Verdun and Somme
Russian Revolution
U.S. enters World War I
Armistice ends World War I
Civil war in Russia
Treaty of Versailles
May Fourth Movement in China
Amristar Massacre
Mustafa Kemal proclaims Turkey a republic
Guomindang forces occupy Shanghai and expel
Communists
Great Depression begins in U. S.
Mohandas Gandhi leads March to the Sea
Great Depression reaches Europe
Japanese forces occupy Manchuria
Adolf Hitler comes to power in Germany
Mao Zedong leads Communists on Long March
Lazaro Cardenas president of Mexico
Hitler invades the Rhineland
Japanese troops invade China
Cardenas nationalizes Mexican oil industry
German forces invade Poland (September 1)
German forces conquer France
Battle of Britain


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1941
1942
1943
1944
1945

1945 - 1949
1945 - 1991
1946
1947
1948 - 1949
1949
1955
1957
1959
1961
1962
1970
1971
1973
1975
1979
1980 - 1988
1983 - 1990
1985
1989
1989 - 1991
1990
1991
1992 - 1995
1994

Muhammad Ali Jinnah demands a separate nation for

Muslims
German forces invade USSR (June 21)
Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor (December 7)
U. S. Navy defeats Japan at Battle of Midway (June)
Soviet victory in Battle of Stalingrad
Juan Peron leads military coup in Argentina
D-Day (June 6)
Germany surrenders (May 7)
U. S. drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima (August 6)
U. S. drops atomic bomb on Nagasaki (August 9)
Japan surrenders (August 14)
Civil war in China
Cold War (for specific events see Cold War Timeline)
Juan Peron elected president of Argentina
Partition and independence of India and Pakistan
Berlin airlift
Communists defeat Guomindang
Mao proclaims Peoples Republic (October 1)
NATO formed
Warsaw Pact concluded
Sputnik I launched
Ghana becomes first British colony in Africa to gain
independence
Fidel Castro leads revolution in Cuba
Berlin Wall built
Bay of Pigs invasion
Cuban Missile Crisis
Algeria wins independence
Salvador Allende elected president of Chile
Bangladesh secedes from Pakistan
Allende overthrown
End of Vietnam War
Islamic Revolution overthrows shah of Iran
USSR invades Afghanistan
Iran - Iraq War
Democracy returns in Argentina, Brazil and Chile
Mikhail Gorbachev becomes Soviet head of state
USSR withdraws from Afghanistan
Tiananmen Square confrontation
Berlin Wall falls
End of communism in eastern Europe
Iraq invades Kuwait
Reunification of Germany
Persian Gulf War
Collapse of the Soviet Union
Bosnian crisis
Nelson Mandela elected president of South Africa
Tutsi massacred in Rwanda


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1997
1998
21st Century CE
2001
2003 - 2005
2003 - 2011
2003 - present
2004 - 2005
2006
2008
2010
2011

2011 - present
2013

2014

10

NAFTA adopted
Hong Kong reunited with China
Terrorists bomb U. S. embassies in Kenya and
Tanzania
Terrorists destroy World Trade Center and damage
the Pentagon on September 11
Afghanistan War begins
Color Revolutions overthrow governments in Georgia,
Kyrgyzstan and Lebanon
United States and Britain invade and occupy Iraq
Conflict in Darfur begins
Orange Revolution in Ukraine
Saddam Hussein executed (December 30)
North Korea conducts its first nuclear test
Barack Obama elected president
Armed conflict breaks out between Georgia and the
Russian Federation
Birth of the Arab Spring movement in Tunisia
Osama bin Laden is killed
Egyptian Revolution
Libyan Civil War
South Sudan becomes a member of the United Nations
Muammer Gaddafi captured and killed
Syrian Civil War
France intervenes in Mali to help defeat Islamists
Pope Francis becomes the first Latin American pontiff
Egyptian coup detat
Ukrainian protests begin
Crimean Crisis