16a WHEELS & TIRES MH » GROUP 28 : WHEELS & TIRES TABLE OF CONTENTS + Spare wheels (temporar use 01 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS --rerrernern + Flulds and lubricants. + Technical data .. TIRES WEAR.& WHEELS & TIRES GENERAL Tires are selected according to vehicle characteristics and performances. Acaretul driving reduces tires wear andincreases the grip of tres on road surface; the following table lists the most {requent causes that accelerate tread wear. high speed high speed while turning hot climates high oads irregular inflating pressure rough road surtace sudden accelerations and decelerations sudden stops tt is then advisable to chack periodically the tires wear (checking with a comparator the thread thickness), inflat- ing pressure and general tire conditions (check for ab- ‘sence of damage). UNIFORM TIRE GRADING WHEELS & TIRES 164 Quality graces can be found where applicable between tread shoulder and maximum section width. (See ex- ample). All Passenger Car Tires Must Conform to Federal ‘Safety Requirements In Addition to These Grades. TREADWEAR ‘The treadwear prade is a comparative rating basedonthe wear rate of the tire when tested under controlied condi- lions on a specified goverment test course. For @x- ample, atire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1.5) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. However, the relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road charac- teristics and climate. TRACTION A-B-C The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are A, B, and € and they represent the tire’s ability 10 stop on wet Pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified goverment test surtaces of asphalt and con- rete. A tire marked 0 may have poor traction perform- ance. WARNING: The traction grade assigned to this tire ts based on braking (strightahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turn- Ing) traction, TEMPERATURE A-B-C The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing thetire’s resistancetothe generation of heat, and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under con- trolled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory testWHEELS & TIRES 164 wheel, Sustained high temperatures can cause the mate- fial of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire iife, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. ‘The grade corresponds to a levelof performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109. Grades Band A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test whee! than the minimum required by law. WARNING: Ea ‘The temperature gracte for this tire ts estab- lished for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underin- flation, or excessive loading, etther sepa- rately or In combination, can cause heat bulldup and possible tire failure. TIRES WEAR Low inflating pressure can cause a quick wear to thread ‘shoulders and inappropriate underinflation can deterio- rate the tire ply; overinilation can cause a quick wear of thread center and a decrease of tire shock absorbing qualities. An incorrect inflating pressure can influence the rive, making it inaccurate, and can increase fuel con- sumption, Last page of this Group lists different cases of tives inagutar wear and related causes. TIRES CLEANING Tires shall be stored in closed rooms to avoid contact with sun rays and bad weather; they are supplied covered by pratective layer which, in case of long storage, maintains unchanged their initial characteristics. To remove protec- tive layer plunge tire in warm water for about 1 minute and then clean surlace using a soft bristle brush; as an lernate it can be used vapor or detergents. CAUTION: Do not use gasoline, metal brushes, sol- vent or mineral olls to clean tires. MH ‘The sizes of rims and tires are listed in the TECHNICAL DATAtable. lisunadvisable the use of tes diferenttrom ‘those indicated, to avoid alteration to suspensions and steering system. TIRES REPLACEMENT REMOVAL TIRES AND RIMS 1. Position @ hydraulic jack under the vehicie at the point corresponding to the tire to be removed. 2, Engage parking brake and first speed. Remove cover hub (for metallic rims only.) 4. Loosen whee! fixing bolts by rotating the appropriate wrench in counterclockwise direction. Lit vehicle. 6. Remove fixing bolts and then wheel. 2 a INSTALLATION 1, Insertwheel on hub, align rim hole with the guide pin. ‘Screw fixing bolts to hub torquing them partially, using the appropriate wrench. 3. Lower vehicle. 4. Tighten boits to the correct torque following order in- dicated in figure. 2 —— 28-3MH 5. Install wheel hub cover (for metalic rims only). 6. Release parking brake and disengage first speed. TIRES ROTATION Tires rotation shall be carried-out toliowing the indication of figure. CAUTION: ‘Tire must be Installed on the rim with en- tification mark (D.O.T.) toward vehicle outer side (valve side). WHEELS & TIRES 164 Cany-out tire rotation periodically, at short periods, checking wheels for correct angles and balance, to avoid unwanted thread wear, CAUTION: Replace rims it dents or damage are evi- donced on rim external surface. WHEEL BALANCE Each wheel, together with its tire, is dynamically and siatically balanced when installed at factory. Everytime a rotation is operated, a puncture is repaired or a tire is replaced, itis necessary to balance wheelto avoid driving ‘unstabilily, steering system components damage and irregular tire weat. For this purpose, two types of weights are used: a type to be installed on steel rims and the other for light alloy rims. NOTE: Payattention to put weights on rim Internal edge, applying no more than two weights on each side. CAUTION: + Avolduse of weights of different types. + When balancing light alloy wheels, al- ways use original Alta Romeo weights. SPARE WHEELS (temporary use only) “The spare whee! is located in the trunk under trim. itis of reduced dimension, rim is 4) x 15° and tire is 7115/70 15, preparedto be usedin emergency onty and for short mileage (2.100 miles max); the inflating pressure is 60 psi (420 kPa). WARNING: Do not exceed speed of 50 MPH (80 Km/h) while using spare wheel.1ea WHEELS & TIRES. A TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS Application | Type Name Tire beads FLUID MILLOIL SC4OR (*) MASGO 2038VA (*) (1) (6 parts water to 1 part fluid) CHECK AND ADJUSTMENTS DYNAMIC BALANCE Max. allowed residual unbalance Blance weights ‘(no more than two weights par aide) 10.9. (0.3502) 709 (2.47 02) max. per side* tocation of balance weights tramp direction shimmy direction bocation of heavy area causing unbalance 28-5A WHEELS & TIRES 48a TIGHTENING TORQUES Bolts securing wheels 95 to 105 Nim 70.110 75 ftlbs Tire in flating valve (for alloy rims only) 9011 Nm 6.610 8.1 fh.bs TECHNICAL DATA Spare Wheel (1) RIMS Bix15* eux15" 4ax1s" —t ‘TIRES (2) 195/65 VRI5 195/65 VR1S T145/70 AIS 3.1 psi. (216 kPa) INFLATING 28 p.s.i. (196 KPa) PRESSURE 60 p.s.i, (420 kPa) (cold tire) 35 p.s.i, (245 kPa) (1) = Temporary use only — Maximum epeed: 60 MPH (80 kmh) (2) © Tires Installed on the vehicle are tubslees type. (3) © Reduced load and short time at maximum epeed (4) Full toad and continuous maximum speed F = Front Ros Rew NOTE: Tires Inflation operation shall be carried out at cold, before starting off. CAUTION: In case of tire repair, use of tube shall be avolled. 28-6166 Malfunction QUICK SHOULDER WEAR QUICK CENTER WEAR 4 THREAD CRAKS Ut WHEELS & TIRES TIRES WEAR 5 A Low Inflation pressure 8 High Inflation pressure A Low inflation pressure or tire not corresponding to the indicated type Corrective Action Restore correct pressure (at cold); replace both tires of aftacted axle if needed Restore correct pressure (at cold); replace both tires of affected axle if needed Restore correct pressure (at cold): feplace both tires of affected axle it needed (Cont.d)WHEELS & TIRES Malfunction UNEVEN WEAR FEATHERED WEAR TIRES WEAR Cause Corrective Action ‘Check for body integrity; replace both tires of affected axte if needed Restore correct toe-In value (see Group 21), replace both tires of affected axle i neaded } WEAR SPOTS: ttre Incorrect balancing or detective Cany out correct balancing; repia- ce both tires of atlected axle it needed 28-8