Tujaan Pebelajarana

Mengetahui dan memahami:

Defenisi dan Klasifikasi vitamin
dan mineral
Funsi dan perannya bagi ternak
non ruminansia

VITAMINS

VITAMIN
Organic nutrients needed in small quantities to
perform specific functions;
Do not provide energy but are necessary in the use
of energy.
Helping regulate body functions, keeping the body
healthy, promoting resistance.
The deficiency of a vitamin can lead to disease or
death.
Classified as fat soluble and water soluble

CLASSIFICATION
FAT

WATER

SOLUBLE

SOLUBLE

Stored in the fat and

released as they are
needed by the body.
Can be stored for extended
periods.
Absorbed through
lymphatic tissues
Need precursor, provitamin
C, H, O
Only for complex organism

ADE-K

Dissolved by water.
As water passes through the
body.
need to be consumed every
day by monogastric animals.
Absorbed through portal
vein
Most doesnt need precursor
C, H, O, N some have S and
Co
For complex and simple
organism

C B (IB IIB)

VITAMIN A
Benefit: Maintenance of normal
vision and night vision, Essential for
immune system, Necessary for
growth; induces differentiation of
cells
Deficiency: Fairly common; results
in night blindness and eye disease,
dry pimply skin, increased infections,
and kidney stones

VITAMIN D
Benefit:
Helps to maintain constant levels of calcium
in the blood
Important in insulin and prolactin secretion,
muscle function, immune and stress
response, melanin synthesis, and cellular
differentiation
Vital for kidney and parathyroid gland
function
Necessary for healthy bones

Deficiency:
Disease is rickets, symptoms include soft
bones and teeth
Toxicity:
Toxic in doses larger than 1,000-1,1500 I.U.s
daily for a month or longer; produces
nausea, weakness, and irritability
May lead to brain or liver damage, jaundice,
and the destruction of red blood cells

VITAMIN E
Benefit:
Protects vitamin A from oxidation during digestion
Enhances immune response
Inhibits carcinogens from reaching target sites
Can stop neurological problems associated with
cystic fibrosis, liver disease early in disease process
Detoxifies free radicals, prevents damage to cell
membranes
Prevents LDL cholesterol from turning into
damaging oxidized LDL, which initiates buildup of
arterial plaque which can lead to heart disease

VITAMIN K
Benefit:
Helps blood coagulate
In conjunction with vitamins A and D
helps body build bone protein
Given as injection to newborns to
help blood clot, sometimes to women
before labor or to patients before and
after surgery

VITAMIN C (ascorbic
acid)
Benefit:
Activates liver-detoxifying systems
Antioxidant to inactivate highly reactive oxygen species;
protects against damage to lipids and other molecules
Inhibits formation of carcinogenic compounds
Protects cellular functions
Enhances function of key white blood cells involved in
the destruction of bacteria
Protects vitamin E
Integral to maintenance and building of collagen
Vital to bones and teeth, blood vessels, healing of wounds,
and iron absorption
Helps metabolize several amino acids and hormones

Biotin
Benefit:
Key role in metabolizing fats, carbohydrates, and
proteins
Part of a number of enzymes in which it functions as a
carboxyl carrier
Manufactured in lower digestive tract by bacteria

Colin
Benefit:
Helps maintain central nervous system
Precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter
Involved in production and metabolism of fats and
cholesterol

Vitamin B (Folic acid, folate)

Used by body to break down and
synthesize amino acids
Helps synthesize nucleic acids, which
are needed to build new cells, particularly
red blood cells
Involved in a variety of reactions in amino
acid and nucleotide metabolism
Recommended for women of childbearing
age; helps prevent neural tube birth
defects

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Enables body to use carbohydrates, fats, and
proteins (to provide energy), and amino acids
Influences metabolism of DNA, NAD, NADP
Aids nervous system and digestive tract
function and promotes healthy skin

Pantothenic Acid
Necessary for adrenal cortex function
Part of chemistry of coenzyme A, which is
vital to metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and
proteins and involved in making fatty acids,
cholesterol, acetylcholine, steroid hormones,
and nerve regulators