Unit 1: Pre-production LO1

Finance:
Sources of
finance

Equipment
Transport
Talent
Crew
Materials
Facility hire

Importance
It is important to have finances in place before production starts, as
every producer needs to pay for Equipment needed for filming such
as Cameras, tripods, green screen, lighting and sound. For an
Advert production for example, a producer may also need
materials such as the correct costumes for the roles of the actors,
items for correct mise-en-scene and of course actors in order to
achieve the desired effect. We mustn't forget the Crew, who will also
be needed such as cameraman, soundman, lighting engineer,
researchers, editors and runners in order to produce a professional
looking advert.
Once all is complete facilities such as editing suites and postproduction equipment will be needed to tie everything together and
put the finishing touches on. However, can it can be very expensive.

Sourcing
Equipment: http://www.prokit.com/
Transport: http://squarewheels.co.uk/
Talent: http://www.peopleperhour.com/freelance/actors
Crew: http://www.thecrewingcompany.com/post-productioncrew.aspx
Facility hire: http://www.reef.tv/company/post-production

Time:

Deadlines
Availability of equipment
Availability of personnel (size
of team; roles)

Importance
It's extremely important that deadlines are met, missing deadlines
can result in productions going over budget and this is especially
devastating for a blockbuster production.
You need the right equipment to be available at the exact time you
need It, if there's a slight delay or equipment isn't available this can
result in more money being wasted and time too.
It's also very important that all the personnel needed for the
production (cameramen/women, actors etc.), if someone doesn't
turn up, the production is delayed adding to the budget.

Sourcing
http://www.film.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/4897/CrewRoles-and-Departments-Guide.pdf

Facilities:

Production equipment
Post-production equipment
facility houses

Importance
The production will be pretty pointless without the equipment
needed, they also have to be relevant for they're going to be used
for. There's no point in having a smoke-machine when you need
something to alter the lighting of the scene.
It is equally important to have post-production facility houses hired
and ready for the editing and special effects period, otherwise it'll
be difficult to edit the production properly without the right facilities.
Sometimes productions are filmed in total silence, this means audio
is needed to be added on afterwards to complete it. Post-production
facility houses are then needed to carry out these activities.

Sourcing
Production equipment: KFTV provides equipment that you can easily
rent out for use in your production, it's also available internationally.
http://www.kftv.com/section/equipment-rental/country/uk
Post-production equipment facility houses:
FiftyFifty is a full service, production house located in Soho (London).
They provide facilities for editing and there's Machine room
services, content mastering & reversions, audio and additional
services too.
http://www.fiftyfiftypost.com/

Materials:

Original materials,
Archive and library materials
Photo-library materials
Sound library materials,
Internet
Audio
Script (upload an example)
Interviews
Costumes

Importance
It is important to have original material because it shows that you
are able to do work yourself, it also allows you to have some credit
unlike if you just use other material from other sources.
Archive material would be used in situations like if you're producing
a documentary and there's people who aren't at the location, they
can use an image/photo of that person (with their permission) to
show what they look like. Same thing with audio and documents
that may add information to the production.
The use of the internet is fairly important, especially for research of
whatever the production is about, whether it's based off of a book, a
real life event or it's a documentary.
Audio is important whether you're recording on site or recording it
in-studio. If there low quality audio, it can make it difficult for
people/viewers to understand what's being said.
Scripts are also really important, you need to organise what is going
to be said throughout the production otherwise no one is going to
know the order of things and when they come in.
In productions like documentaries, interviews are of great
Importance as they are used to provide detailed information and
stuff. They can be pre-recorded and inserted wherever they're
needed.
Without costumes, the actors/actresses will look like regular people
behaving weirdly, costumes help the actors/actresses get into
character. The costumes they're wearing have to be relevant to
what/whom they're supposed to be, so there's no point in being
dressed-up as a police officer when the character is a nurse.
Sourcing
Original material is filmed.
Archive and library material:
http://www.exeter.ox.ac.uk/node/167
Photo-library material: iStock provides a large variety of photos
that are related to different topics, such as nature and architecture.
http://www.istockphoto.com/stock-photos
Sound library material:
Internet: Google the trusty search engine that is useful for
research. google.com
Audio: Audio network provides high quality production music for

TV, film, advertising and corporate video.

http://www.audionetwork.com/
Script: An example script of the film Little Miss
Sunshine
:http://www.dailyscript.com/scripts/LITTLE_MISS_SUNSHINE.pdf
Interviews:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWu1bv4dN2s
Costumes: Mad World costume hire has a variety of costumes from
a variety of themes like 18th Century, Sci-Fi, and Military etc.
http://madworldfancydress.com/
Locations:
Recces (Upload an example)
Limitations and risks:
Distance, access, cost,
weather
Importance
Location recce helps keep a record of where filming is going to take
place and how you can get there. You need to know the location
you're filming in because if something goes wrong, you'll know
where to go.
It's good to get a really interesting location to film in, but there are
limits and risks that can come up. Filming near water or during wet
weather is very risky with all the electrical equipment being used,
this can damage the equipment and will cost a lot in order to pay for
the equipment that you hired and broke.
You also have to make sure that where you're filming isn't crowded,
you don't want random people crashing into the set and stealing
equipment.
The cost of hiring out the location can vary, so you'll have to
organise how long you're going to be there for since they might
charge you on how long you hire the location for.
You'll also have to keep in mind the distance this location is, if it's
really far away e.g. your filming location is up in Scotland and you're
located in Henley, you'll have to organise somewhere to stay nearer
to the filming location. This will make It easier to transport
equipment and crew.
Sourcing
Recce: Example -->
http://cmpkeleranayacakalou.weebly.com/location.html
Limitations and risks: http://www.hse.gov.uk/entertainment/theatretv/film.htm
Codes of
Location permissions
practice and
Clearances
regulation:
Copyright
Health and safety
Insurance
Importance
You can't just pick a random field and decide that you're going to
film there without asking for permission first. For all you know, it
could be a hunting ground or a minefield, you have to ask around

and ask whoever owns the field if you're allowed to film there. It's
also Important to let people living in the surrounding area know that
you'll be filming, this way they'll know what's going on and won't
walk their dog into the set or accidentally report you to the police.
It's important to make sure that you have written permission to use
the material you plan on using in your film, especially if it doesn't
belong to you. It's best to get them cleared before the actual filming
rather than after you've filmed everything. If you've filmed it
already and they say you cannot use certain things, then you'll have
wasted a lot of time and effort and everything will have to be refilmed. No-one wants that.
You'll also have to make sure that any third party content within
your production has been given the "Ok" by the artist or original
producer of the material. Any failure to do so can result in you being
sued and your production being stopped. No-one wants that either.
The health and safety of you and your crew is very important that's
why you have to stay up to date with potential hazards you come
across. It's important to do risk assessments and make sure that
everyone is handling equipment safely and correctly, this way you
can avoid incidents.
It's also very important to have everything insured, whether it's
equipment or health. This is in case something happens, you want
to make that everything part of your production is backedup/protected.
Sourcing
http://www.bbc.co.uk/filmnetwork/filmmaking/guide/production/legal
-guide-production-agreements
http://www.acjltd.co.uk/media_insurance/post-production-insurance
http://www.mediascriptchecks.com/
http://www.copyright.co.uk/index.html?
utm_source=AdWords&utm_medium=PPC&utm_term=copyright&ut
m_content=53703223125&utm_campaign=AdGroup&Network=Sea
rch&SiteTarget=&gclid=Cj0KEQjwy7qrBRC4lp7_hM3dgIoBEiQA72pC
ngUqErsv6zQM7iKTYpTlUdaH7YoX3jO6BYqy3zlzNNgaAsrg8P8HAQ
://www.royalholloway.ac.uk/mediaarts/documents/pdf/madbp.pdf

The below only requires you to discuss the importance

(Choose the one that relate to your production only)
Regulatory
Ofcom
bodies:
Press Complaints Commission
(PCC) Advertising Standards
Authority (ASA)
Pan European Game
Information (PEGI)
Entertainment Software Rating
Board (ESRB)
British Board of Film
Classification (BBFC)
Importance
Ofcom regulates everything being aired/shown on TV (and radio)
whether it's an advert for a certain product or a TV/radio show. This
is important as it keeps TV programmes safe for all viewers and
Radio shows safe for all listeners. This means they make sure that
all programmes/shows meet the standards needed in order to
protect the viewers/listeners from either offensive or misleading
content.

Trade
unions:

Producers Alliance for Cinema

and Television (PACT),
National Union of Journalists
(NUJ)
Broadcasting Entertainment
Cinematograph and Theatre
Union (BECTU)

Importance
PACT doesn't support anyone but their members, their members are
top priority. This is definitely an important thing, since you'd
sometimes need advice and tips if you're new to the industry. They
fully back you up when it comes to health and safety and legal
business affairs, they also help you to branch out and gather
everything/everyone you need (like a diverse post production crew
or training on that specific area).
Trade
associations
:

Entertainment and Leisure

Software Publishers
Association (ELSPA)
British Interactive Media
Association (BIMA)

Importance
The British Interactive Media Association or BIMA can help widen the
amount of options available to us within this industry, they hold
conferences locally and internationally which at the same time acts
as advertising. Promoting the industry and attracting more talent.
These talks or conferences allows people within the industry to
voice any issues they come across/experience and this can help
improve the Industry as a whole.