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Re: Chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP)

process
As the number of metal levels and the wafer size increase, the need of global planarity across the
wafer becomes more crucial.
Chemical Mechanical Planarization/Polishing (CMP) is a process of smoothing surfaces with the
combination of chemical and mechanical processes.
During the CMP process, a wafer surface is polished for planarization using a slurry and a polishing
pad. The abrasive particles in the slurry grind against the sample surface, that results in loosening
material. The chemicals in the slurry then etch and dissolve the material.
CMP is widely used for inter-layer dielectrics (ILD) and metal layer planarization.

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