Igneous Rocks were made in a special way.

Igneous
means made from fire or heat. All igneous rocks
have been formed by heat.
The heat
has
helped to
changed

these

rocks and minerals into molten rock, called magma.

When the magma comes up to the surface of the
earth, it cools off
and becomes
hard. The cold
magma, hardened
into rock, is called
igneous rock.
Examples of igneous rocks include granite, diorite,
felsite, and basalt.

Sedimentary Rocks
Every day the streams and rivers bring more and
more mud, sand, and rock to the seas. These settle
to the bottom and are called sediment. The big
rocks settle first. Next the sand and then the mud
sinks to the
bottom of
the sea.
Different
layers build
up. The
layers build
up on the
sea bottom
year after year until they are very thick. The
weight of the layers of sand and water above press
down on the bottom layer of sand. The grains of
sand stick together and form sedimentary rock.

Sedimentary rock can also be formed above ground

by layers of volcanic rock.
Sedimentary rock
can also be
formed by layers
of shell that are

pressed together.

Examples of sedimentary rock include sandstone,

limestone, chalk and clay.
Metamorphic Rocks began as one kind of rock and
later were changed into another kind. All of them
began once as igneous or sedimentary rocks. Heat
and pressure together change the sedimentary
rocks into metamorphic rocks. One example of a
change is limestone being changed into marble.
Some examples of metamorphic rock include
quartzite, marble, serpentine, slate, and schist.