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Riphenburg, Carol J. Post-Taliban Afghanistan: Changed Outlook For Women?. 1st ed.

asian survey: University of California Press, 2015. Web. 13 June 2015

- Women living in Kabul have experienced improvements - entering the police force, becoming
more active in journalism, and becoming able to obtain a drivers license
- Women living outside of the main city have not experienced these improvements
- 80% of women live in the countryside of Afghanistan and still experience oppressive laws etc.

- E.G in western Afghanistan the local governor, Ismail Khan, has imposed harsh restrictions on

women and girls


- Differences occur in government, work, education, family, health and reproduction, and cultural
expression
- Valentine Moghadam, found that patriarchy, a weak state, and a low level of economic
development resulted in inequality and a low status for women during an earlier period in
Afghanistans history, when the country was under communist rule. Over a decade later,
womens lives in Afghanistan remains harsh
- Only the doors to the schools are open. Everything else is restricted, says a woman in Herat

- Amartya Sen, the Nobel Prize-winning economist, has emphasised that national standards of
living (family income, education, nutrition, life expectancy) improve as womens status moves
toward equality
- Women in northern Afghanistan are discriminated against from birth, says Louis Dupree

- In Afghanistan, no law can be contrary to the beliefs and provisions of the sacred religion of

Islam. This language in the constitution, leaves matters where there is no specification in the
Constitution or law to adjudication by religious laws which causes womens rights to be
vulnerable to extremist interpretations of Islam
- Countryside still largely controlled by powerful fundamentalists who interpret and enforce
Islamic law strictly, Afghan women still have a long struggle ahead for access to basic human
rights
- Afghan society is characteristically patriarchal (authority lies in hands of the oldest males),
patrilineal (inheritance of property and status is through the male line), and patrilocal (women
move to the husbands place of residence)
- Young girls may spend years preparing their dowry: with few other opportunities for education
or professional training, their entire early socialisation points to marriage as the goal
- The political, social, and financial implications of upper class urban marriages remain too

important to be turned over to the young


- In a society dominated by warfare under the Taliban, young girls and women faced kidnapping
by Taliban fighters
- During the rule of King Amanullah (191929), an extensive reform program began to advance

the rights of women. Public awareness campaigns were expanded, and a series of legislative
reforms issued by the king in the form of nizamnamahs (regulatory decrees) expanded womens
rights. King Amanullah was forced to abdicate by conservative opponents. Measures taken by

the one-year regime that followed him reversed all the work that had been done on family law
and womens status in Afghanistan since the end of the 19th century
- in April 1992 Kabul The mujahidin took power and introduced a conservative, Islamic
interpretation of womens rights. Upon assuming power, their first decree banned women
television announcers and prescribed an Islamic dress code for females
- Some men still would rather have their wives die than have a male doctor treat them

- According to a report by the Commission on the Status of Women, of the United Nations

Economic and Social Council, more than 70% of women exposed to Taliban policies were likely
to have met the criteria for major depression.42 Women and girls were forced to attend public
executions, loggings, and other forms of cruel and inhumane treatment, which created a highly
traumatised population with no access to mental health care
- In post-war Afghanistan, Islam remains the primary source of political and social legitimacy.
Conservative traditionalist interpretations of Islam place women in an inferior position to men
- Modernists respond that there is no evidence in the Quran to support an inferior status for
women
- In examining the control women have over family, health and fertility, and cultural expression, it
is clear that women in Afghanistan, since the fall of the Taliban, lack support for the fundamental
functions of a human life. In the family, they may be one of several wives. Their status is
subordinate and they are subject to their husbands
BBC News,. 'Afghanistan: Before And After The Taliban - BBC News'. N.p., 2015. Web. 13
June 2015
- Despite the advances, violence against women is still a problem, with beatings, forced marriage
and lack of economic support being listed as the top three offences reported by the CSO in
2010

Sakeenah, Maryam. Status Of Women In Post Taliban Afghanistan. 1st ed. 2015. Web. 13
June 2015
- The liberation of women in Afghanistan from oppression by the Taliban was one of the primary
reasons for the Allied invasion of Afghanistan in November 2001, and the allies declared their
commitment to improving the lives of women
- Efforts have been made to improve the situation of women in Afghanistan through ratification of
international conventions, revival of and amendments to the Constitution, establishment and
work of international human rights NGOs, international assistance, establishment of the Ministry
of Womens Affairs, inclusion of women at all levels of public administration and increased role of
the free media
- Despite efforts, womens empowerment at the grassroots level has not yet materialised

Lack of security severely hampers womens return to active social and political life
Poverty continues to make the lives of women refugees and war widows miserable
Violence and crimes against women remain high
Seeking justice is still tedious for a number of women due to weaknesses in the criminal justice
system

- Biases and prejudices still exist against women even within the judiciary and the parliament
- Health and education of women remains abysmally low both due to lack of will and lack of ability
to seek both
- Warlords and misogynistic criminals enjoy vast powers threatening the security situation and
interfering in the fair execution of the justice system
- The government has failed to provide even minimal security to the Afghan woman. Crime often

goes unpunished
- The lack of commitment to improve womens lives on the part of the government and the
international community is clear, and proves that the invasion seven years ago was more about
strategic interests than about liberating the oppressed women of Afghanistan. Hence the
massive propaganda campaign against the Taliban too was politically motivated
- Patriarchal attitudes against women lie at the root of the discrimination faced by women

- The lives of Afghan women today are no better than under the Taliban after over seven years

since the occupation. The plight of the woman in Afghanistan today, in fact, is perhaps worse
than it has ever been before. Only, this time the international attention to her plight is not there,
because it is not politically useful

Khan, Taran N. 'The Awful Truth About Post-Taliban Afghanistan, One Lynching At A Time'.
Quartz. N.p., 2015. Web. 13 June 2015
Pbs.org,. 'Timeline Of WomenS Rights In Afghanistan | Women, War And Peace | PBS'. N.p.,
2015. Web. 14 June 2015.
Laub, Zachary. 'The Taliban In Afghanistan'. Council on Foreign Relations. N.p., 2015. Web.
15 June 2015.
Un.org,. 'THE SITUATION OF WOMEN IN AFGHANISTAN'. N.p., 2015. Web. 15 June 2015.
U.S. Department of State,. 'I. The Taliban's War Against Women'. N.p., 2015. Web. 15 June
2015.
Un.org,. 'THE SITUATION OF WOMEN IN AFGHANISTAN'. N.p., 2015. Web. 15 June 2015.

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