INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES

EDU555
Curriculum & Instruction
Encik Muhamad Furkan Mat Salleh

Instructional Objectives
To start teaching: teacher must be guided by
instructional objective, followed by strategies
and tools to accomplish the task, and then
evaluate the outcomes

Instructional Objectives
Objectives: desired outcomes of learning
Purpose:
Defining the intents of an educational plan
Helping teachers to plan steps necessary to achieve
plan
Helping students to know what is expected of them
at the end of the program

Instructional Objectives
Helping teachers, administrators and society to
assess the products of the system
Statement that described the teachers intent
about how students should change

Mager format of instructional

objectives
Robert Mager (1962)

Objectives must be OBSERVABLE and

MEASURABLE
Behavioral Objectives

Mager format of instructional

objectives

Suggested that objectives of learning need to

be specific in term of:
1) Student behaviour
What the learner will be able to do when he
has mastered the objectives
What learner will be doing or behavior the
teacher will accept as evidence that the
objectives have been achieved
using verbs that denote observable action

Mager format of instructional

objectives
2) Testing situation
- Under what conditions he will be able to do
it
- The condition under which the behaviour
will be observed
- given the blank world map students should
be able to locate the 5 active volcanoes

Mager format of instructional

objectives
3) Performance criteria
- To what standard he will be able to do it
- The standard of the performance level
defined as acceptable
- indicating correctness, speed, rate of
response
- given the blank world map students should
be able to locate the 5 active volcanoes

Mager format of instructional

objectives
use precise words that are not open to
many interpretations
Link the 3 parts together when writing the
behavioral objectives
Start by stating students behaviours, condition
and performance

Mager format of instructional

objectives
Examples :
- state
- list down
- identify
- compare
- calculate
- draw
- name the

- colour the..
- measure
- solve
- match the..

Mager format of instructional

objectives
Criticisms:
1) Not practical difficult to write
2) Difficult to accomplish the kind of specificity
3) Becomes unmanageable for teachers to write
because too many objectives and specificity

Instructional Objectives

Groundlund (1970) suggested there are 2 levels of

objectives:
1) General objectives
2) Specific objectives

Instructional Objectives
General instructional objectives must be followed by
a sample of specific behavioral outcomes
Teaching may be directed towards achievement of
the general objectives
Specific objectives may form the basis for testing and
assessment

Blooms Instructional Objectives

There are different types of behaviours can be
specified in writing the instructional objectives

Blooms Instructional Objectives

Benjamin Bloom (1956) proposed the most helpful

guides for the behaviour classification

He created a scheme that classifies instructional

objectives in a systematic way

He divided the objectives into 3 domains:

1) Cognitive domain : knowing fact and information
2) Psychomotor domain: performing physical skills
3) Affective domain: exhibiting personal attitudes