Andrew Clary

Comm113
Susan Ryan
1/21/15
Toulmin Model and Fallacy Exercise Affirmative Action
Data: Data indicates that from 1980-2010 a larger percentage of White high-school completers
were enrolled in college compared to Hispanic and Black high school completers
Claim: Affirmative action policies are needed to create racial diversity in college and eliminate
the racial collegiate enrollment gap which is important to eliminating racism.
Warrant: If policies such as affirmative action arent put in place, the population percentages in
collegiate enrollment will not change.
Backing: History and logic back that unless an incentive is put in place, change will not occur.
Rebuttal: Majorities view minorities as not as qualified because of affirmative action policies
in place to give them advantages.
Qualifier: Probably since not everyone will have this opinion.
Glittering generality: Affirmative Action is one of the greatest policies helping to deteriorate
racism in America and deserves the support of all patriotic Americans.
Slippery slope: If affirmative action policies are removed then racism will run rampant and
divide America.
Post hoc ergo propter hoc: Because affirmative action policies were removed in California this
has caused the increase in Asian-Americans in the university.
Straw man:
Person 1: Affirmative Action policies should be lessened
Person 2: The removal of all affirmative action policies will degrade our society but creating an
environment lacking racial diversity on collegiate campuses and in workplaces.