Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Fultt
LURR D LN
Prfr ntr
Num Prnum
lnt
Num Prnum
2015
uprn
ntrur
1
ptlul 1. tmul ntr ttt
tt turm..................................................................6
1.1 Prtulrtl lrr ntrlr murr lur t t
turt...............................................................................................................................7
1.2
1.3
ntr rr turt......................................................................................13
1.4
1.5
2
ptlul 2. Prntr nl ttt
ptntlulu turt l Dlt Dunr.......................................26
2.1
Prntr n...................................................................................................26
2.2
Ftr nturl.......................................................................................................27
2.3
lmnt l nm..............................................................................31
2.4
Rur turt.....................................................................................................34
2.5
Prnpll t turt...............................................................................34
2.5.1
2.5.2
Rr nturl...............................................................................35
2.5.3
Tr turt ....................................................................................35
3
ptlul 3. nl ttt rr turt l
nlul Dlt Dunr n pr 2000-2013.......................37
3.1
Nt mtl.................................................................................................37
3.2
nl frt turt..........................................................................................39
3.2.1
3.3
3.4
nl rr turt..........................................................................................43
3.3.1
Nlul nm rlr................................................................45
3.3.2
Nlul nm nptrlr............................................................46
3.3.3
3.4.2
3.4.3
ntr lt tt turt..................................................51
nlu 53
Blrf
55
ntrur
Turmul t nmlul rl fnmn r r ult n plr jurul
prnlr n fr mlulu lr, tt tmp t jurul plr nu unt mt t
prntr- tlr prmnnt t tt lurt rr. ntt n fnl
prut, prn turm nl n nmlul t t prn r mul ptr tmpul
lr ltrn n lt lltt u r, pntru t mn lur, mnumnt
mu, pntru - m untnl nrl, pntru tr f prt, pntru
hn u trtmnt. Dmn tt prn turm fnm nutr rt pntru
tfr tuturr unurlr r lr ltt turt l lul tn, l un
nlt nl ltt n nl prt nr r rurlr turt, n pl,
mulu nnjurtr, n nrl.
Turmul rprnt un mnu r lt u un rtm t rp
pntru n pul u nl frt flt p p, nl tr u tt flul
n thn trt pntru - f unut frm rl frt. n - f
u un pul-nt rn n urr, r xplr t ur pl p r l
pr, nl tru pun l p tu frt t
fl t m mult rtf ntnt: l pht r t m trt
pn l frt prmnl xtrm prnl t. Tn n tul nt ntr-
mfr pulurlr, r pl p frt n pntru r turtul r
n nfrtrutur r - un t ur r. Pntru - flt
numtrulu lrl, tru - fr rn unu jur u, r pntru t l
n t m mult nfrm: rur, tl , plnt, frt nln,
nrtrr , lum.
D mult r, pntru tr turt ntr- numt n, lur l rr unu
rnn rnl r un un rnt, r nl pl n frt
p t tr, fnu- unut ntnl prn prtpr l tr ur turm u
frt prmnl n fun n. n ultm pr thnl ltrn tn
pr n nnutul thn.
u prut fult n untr lur u rurtt fnmnulu
turt, -u mnut n l p ltl rl r unr mpr ntrnnl
rlnt. mpun, n t n, ptr unu tm ttt untr l turmulu
ltr un trmnl mun. t t -u t ltr n
1.1
4 tnu, Dn, trt ltr n turm, Plt, tur Prmr, 2006, p76
5 tnu, Dn, trt ltr n turm, Plt, tur Prmr, 2006, p. 81
rlr.
1.2
RI
+ =1
Rt Rt
un:
Rti
Rt 0
i 0 i
Rt0
Rti
Rt 0
R ti
t ntr pt lul truturt p nl turt n r
nrtr hltull turt rpt.
R
RH RT
+
++ altele =1
Rt R t
Rt
1.3
ntr rr turt
nl mfr rr turt ll
CG i
100
CG 0
un: G- rr turt ll n nul ;
G- rr turt ll n nul 0.
- rr turt xtrn.
CG 0 CGi CG 0 CG i
nl r n tmp rr (ntrn xtrn):
ICE0i=
CE i
CI
100 : ICI 0i= i 10
CE 0
CI 0
un: - - nl r rr xtrn;
- - nl r rr ntrn.
CEZ1
100
CE
- rutt pf, n (%), r Z 1 n rr turt
xtrn ttl, n nul t.
ICEZ i
CEZ i t i
100
CEZ i t 0
un: Z - nl r rr prnn n p Z.
CE t 0
CE ti
CE t 0
CE ti
11 Mnu, R., nm Turmulu, Buurt, tur Urnu, 2001
12 tnu, Dn, trt D Dltr n Turm, Plt, tur Prmr, 2006
C g 0=
t=i
Z2n
su
2
2
2
3
2
n
T - rr turt ttl.
CAvt i
100
CAvt 0
nl r n tmp trutur rr turt p mjl trnprt
CA v CA v
CT 0 CT i
0
CH CAp
CAlte
....
1
CT
CT
CT
un: H - rr turt pntru r htlr n mmntul 0;
T - rr turt ttl.
CH
100
CT
- nl mr mprtn rr htlr n ttlul rr
turt.
CH i
100
CH 0
- n r rr r utl htlul n pr
l 0 l .
nl r n tmp trutur rr turt p unt r:
CH 0 CH i
Calte0 Caltei
CT 0 CT i
CT 0
CT i
pt prn tnnl rr pr n l m ltt mjl r n
pr xmnt.
ntrul urt jur
unt rup t ntr rfr l numrul l pr n tu rt,
tt l nlul rr turt l l, t l rr xtrn ntrn. D mn,
unt pl truturr l n l rf, rlt u trutur l rr trtft p
mjl r u ltr rtr truturr , xmplu, -nm.15
L nl ll, urt m jur t r ulttul rprtulu ntr numrul
l prn turt l numt tn numrul ttl turt prn p
trtru.
nr. de turisti
T
Si
100
S0
un: - urt m jur ntr-un numt ntr l (lun, trmtru, n) n mmntul
;
SH
NH
T
- numr turt ;
H - jurul mu n htl.
S Hi
S H0
100
n nlt rr turt
rr turt, mnmnt nr, mprm fluxurlr turt lu
nl n tmp, u ft t mprtnt upr nm, m u lu t.
nltt pt trmnn r prn pfulu frt tun n t
t pnnt ftr nturl, r pt f n rt xlu rr, rpt
trmnn mulu n r frm rr turm. nltt rul
turt pt mpltun f rt l un n l ltul, f fl
ntpt nt u tt m mult untfr .16
ntr rprt rr p m lt r n r lt r uprn tt
trl rr turt rfr l utl r nlr j pntru r n r
ltr.
ntr trutur rr n fun m ul n jr ltr:
16 Mnu, R., nm Turmulu, Buurt, tur Urnu, 2001
CAV CNor
+
=1
CT
CT
V - rr turt utl nl j;
Nr - rr turt nu utl nl j .
CT 0
CT i
CT 0
CT i
mprn tu n mmntul 0 u n mmntul , pt lu
tnn rr - rn u nu ltr prn nl j.
ntr rprt rr p mt ltr prnt tru rr p
mt ltr, prum rutt pf u mprtn fr mt n
nmlul rr r t n tmp. t n tr pt pl l tt
trl rr turt pt lul n l tmp pntru frt n
rf.17
ntr trutur rr turt p mt ltr
CMot 1 CMot 2
CMot N
+
+
=1
Ct
Ct
Ct
CT 0
CT i
CT 0
CT i
0
un: T - rr ttl.
ntr rprt p rtr l rr turt prmt rr
rprt lu n tmp trutur rr turt n fun rt, x, tr
l, tr prfnl n lul ntur. Tt t rtr truturr
rr unt ntt u m lur numr l 1 l n. lul tfl tr
tr ntr:18
n 0 n i
CT t
CT t
CT t
CT t
0
F=
1.4
Rd + Id
CT
LH
100
LC
ntrul lu pt ttl r n pr 0
LC i
100
LC 0
LC 0 LC i
1.5
ntr rl rr frt
nl lu nnptrlr:
NH i
100
NH 0
-nnptr.
t ntr pt f lult mpu, p t r htlur u / p
tr lntl turt.
lu ntrulu urt m jur l r
lul urt m jur prntt m u. Pntru lul
nl r urt m jur n pr tmp 0 - , pl frmul:
i
SH
100
SH 0
ntrul upr l htlurlr (rul upr)
Rflt utlr frt ntr- pr trmnt, n lul t t n
htlur n fun ptt ntlt:
G 0=
NH 100 NT S
=
100
LH Z
LH Z
un:
NH - numr nnptr;
NT - numrul turt;
- urt m jur,
CAv 0
CAvi
100 i
100
Ct0
C ti
CAv 0
CAv i
CAv 0
CAv i
- rr ft ptt nl j n pr 0,
rpt n pr .
mprn u pr frt n nm t t nlr j.
D mn, pt f mprt u u m mult p turt pntru prn
mprtn nlr j n nl r rr, frnt l p l lt.
n rprt u utlr frt , xmplu: nl pt htl r
mrlt prn n j. t ntr rl ntr pn n ntr untl
r nl j. t lult tfl:21
LH av
100
LH
Prntr n
22 Gln V., Grf turmulu, tur Fun Rmn Mn, Buurt, 2005, p. 132
2.3 lmnt l nm
2.4
Rur turt
2.5
Prnpll t turt
2.5.2 Rr nturl
36
2.5.3 Tr turt 37
Nt mtl
D=
T
P
Pr =
T1
P
Fr =
T1
T
nxun u rll p r
p r l nr pul
rf n r
fr.
mn p rmn n nmplt, fr lur n n rr lr u
tr rlt l l rr frt. Dn t punt r, p turt
rprnt fr nm ntrfrn frt turt, mtrl t prn pr u
turt, u rr turt, mtrl t prn numul turt.
Dn t fn rult prtulrtl p turt, tr ut l lr
u tr: rr frt turt. prm prtulrtt p turt r ult
n rlul trmnnt l frt turt. frt t prput tr rr u frm
un mn, ntrut prn umulr ntt r tuturr nfrmlr prmt
umult fr turt ptnl. tfl, num turt pt pt
num n rprt u mn frt. M mult, nttul rt u frt turt
tlt - n tmpul numulu.
Rult tfl, lt prtulrtt p turt num lul frt
n u lul numulu, r nu u lul frmr rr. xt ltfl,
numr tu n r nu numtrul t l r upr h nr
unu pru turt. frt turt t r , nlt n tmp pu, nu pt f
tt u trnfrmt, t nnumt, pr , n hm rr turt
t frt lt upu unr prmnnt flutu trmnt nflun un
multtun ftr. t rtrt l frt rr turt mpl
nttun un lj ptnl ntr l, nfr t t turt un r
rt. rtrul frt l lr u mpnnt l p f m fl jutr
lr pt nu l pr unr mn, pl : frt t rr m;
rr mr frt nrpuntr; frt prt rr nntrt t.
P turt, mpnnt p r lr, prupun m ltt rr
(turtul tru pl), ltfl p nu r xt, n n l nfruntr rr
u frt turt.
ptt
n
funun
ptt
n
funun
(m
lurl)
Mfrl
lut
t/1
t/t-1
n
nm %
t/1
t/t-1
Rtmul
nm %
R t/1
R
t/t-1
200
0
474,218
474
200
1
543,734
544
70
69.516
115%
115%
15%
15%
200
2
473,079
473
(1)
-70.655
87%
100%
-13%
0%
200
3
362,675
363
(112)
110.404
77%
76%
-23%
24%
200
4
491,243
491
17
128.568
135%
104%
35%
4%
200
5
563,460
563
89
72.217
115%
119%
15%
19%
200
6
578,270
578
104
14.81
103%
122%
3%
22%
200
7
571,274
571
97
-6.996
99%
120%
-1%
20%
200
8
556,074
556
82
-15.2
97%
117%
-3%
17%
200
9
542,696
543
68
-13.378
98%
114%
-2%
14%
201
0
542,696
543
68
100%
114%
0%
14%
201
1
566,486
566
92
23.79
104%
119%
4%
19%
201
2
643,173
643
169
76.687
114%
136%
14%
36%
201
3
658,921
659
185
15.748
102%
139%
2%
39%
t (x)
Vlr jutt
up fun
Y=543.734+14(t
-1)
Vlr
jutt
up
fun y
=12x+603
2014
15
754
783
2015
16
768
795
2016
17
782
807
3.3
nl rr turt
rul
turt nl nturl.
Tt t prtulrt mprm p turt rtrul p p,
ru untft nflunt. L rnul u, numul turt prnt l r
rtrt, prntr r mntm, n prmul rn , n n n tmp pu
numulu turt pru turt. Vlumul numulu turt t trmnt
nlul prurlr ft ntul pnl l numtrlr. P ltt
numulu turt m f truturl, - pt prpr multpllr
l mpnnt n fun mfr r llr pr, nt, nfr lumulu
ll l numulu turt nt tltt. L rn ul lr, r lll pr nt
fl u nflun un multtun ftr r pt n n l tmp n l
n upr mlr, u lt n tmp num upr un ntr l. Un utr
rup t ftr n u mr tr:
trmnn nm-l;
trmnn mtnl.
F. 3.2. mprr p tr ftrlr r nflun rlll pr nt
Dtrmnn nm-l rprntt ntur, prur, tmp l r,
mnunl trutur ppul u rl tmult u rtrt , mprm rr
numt lttt lu.
rr turt, numul turt mnft putrn nntrr n tmp
pu, r n mt ; n pr t mt , l un mmnt t pt
prmn mt hn, rrr, u pt mn ntrul pntru fr, ntt
t.
P turt t prt ntrnt p r lr, n nrl p
rlr num, n prtulr. rr frt turt unt u ltur l p
200
0
3589
9
Mfrl
lut
(m
r
)
t/1
36
t/t-1
n nm %
t/1
t/t-1
Rtmul
nm %
R t/1
R t/t1
200
1
4651
6
47
(428)
10.617
10%
130%
-90%
30%
200
2
3630
0
36
(438)
10.216
78%
8%
-22%
-92%
200
3
3739
3
37
(437)
1.093
103%
8%
3%
-92%
200
4
7324
1
73
(401)
35.848
196%
15%
96%
-85%
200
5
7757
6
78
(397)
4.335
106%
16%
6%
-84%
200
6
5516
2
55
(419)
22.414
71%
12%
-29%
-88%
200
7
7407
5
74
(400)
18.913
134%
16%
34%
-84%
200
8
9633
4
96
(378)
22.259
130%
20%
30%
-80%
200
9
7047
9
70
(404)
25.855
73%
15%
-27%
-85%
201
0
6841
4
68
(406)
-2.065
97%
14%
-3%
-86%
201
1
8156
7
82
(393)
13.153
119%
17%
19%
-83%
201
2
8800
6
88
(386)
6.439
108%
19%
8%
-81%
201
3
8099
2
81
(393)
-7.014
92%
17%
-8%
-83%
t (x)
Vlr jutt
up fun
Y=46.516+3(t1)
Vlr
jutt
up fun
y =3x+80
Vlr jutt
up fun
Y=+(t-1)
Vlr
jutt
up
fun y
=x+
2014
15
92
125
2015
16
95
128
2016
17
98
131
nptr
nptr
(m)
200
0
108295
108
Mfrl
lut
t/1
t/t-1
n nm %
t/1
t/t-1
Rtmul
nm %
R t/1
R t/t1
200
1
101364
101
(373)
-6.931
21%
94%
-79%
-6%
200
2
79735
80
(394)
-21.629
79%
17%
-21%
-83%
200
3
75556
76
(399)
-4.179
95%
16%
-5%
-84%
200
4
130562
131
(344)
55.006
173%
28%
73%
-72%
200
5
154065
154
(320)
23.503
118%
32%
18%
-68%
200
6
141333
141
(333)
-12.732
92%
30%
-8%
-70%
200
7
146733
147
(327)
5.4
104%
31%
4%
-69%
200
8
175000
175
(299)
28.267
119%
37%
19%
-63%
200
9
124341
124
(350)
-50.659
71%
26%
-29%
-74%
201
0
108705
109
(366)
-15.636
87%
23%
-13%
-77%
201
1
130519
131
(344)
21.814
120%
28%
20%
-72%
201
2
133767
134
(340)
3.248
102%
28%
2%
-72%
201
3
191700
192
(283)
57.933
143%
40%
43%
-60%
t (x)
Vlr jutt
up fun
Y=101.364+6(t
-1)
Vlr
jutt
up fun
y =5x+141
Vlr jutt
up fun
Y=+(t-1)
Vlr
jutt
up
fun y
=x+
2014
15
191
216
2015
16
197
221
2016
17
203
226
Ttl
r
(m
prn
)
Ttl
nnptr
(m
l)
Mfr lut
f 2000
r
nnptr
Dnm f 2000
nnptr
200
0
35.899
108.295
200
1
46.516
101.364
10.617
-6.931
130%
94%
200
2
36.3
79.735
0.401
-28.56
101%
74%
200
3
37.393
75.556
1.494
-32.739
104%
70%
200
4
73.241
130.562
37.342
22.267
204%
121%
200
5
77.576
154.065
41.677
45.77
216%
142%
200
6
55.162
141.333
19.263
33.038
154%
131%
200
7
74.075
146.733
38.176
38.438
206%
135%
200
8
96.334
175
60.435
66.705
268%
162%
200
9
70.479
124.341
34.58
16.046
196%
115%
201
0
68.414
108.705
32.515
0.41
191%
100%
201
1
81.567
130.519
45.668
22.224
227%
121%
201
2
88.006
133.767
52.107
25.472
245%
124%
201
3
80.992
191.7
45.093
83.405
226%
177%
3.4
pt
t n
funun
2000
47
4,218
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
54
3,734
Ttl
nnpt
r
108,29
5
ptt
n
funun
4
74
101,36
4
44
47
3,079
79,735
73
36
2,675
75,556
63
130,56
2
91
154,06
5
63
49
1,243
56
3,460
Ttl
nnpt
r
x2
xy
108
224,883
51,355
101
295,647
55,115
80
223,804
37,721
76
131,533
27,402
131
241,320
64,138
154
317,487
86,809
Yx
0.1637X
295.6
=
+
373
385
373
355
376
388
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
57
8,270
57
1,274
55
6,074
54
2,696
54
2,696
56
6,486
64
3,173
65
8,921
141,33
3
78
146,73
3
71
175,00
0
5
56
124,34
1
43
108,70
5
43
130,51
9
66
133,76
7
43
191,70
0
6
59
Ttl
7,5
68
141
334,396
81,729
147
326,354
83,825
175
309,218
97,313
124
294,519
67,479
109
294,519
58,994
131
320,906
73,937
134
413,672
86,035
192
434,177
26,315
1,802
4,162,43
4
998,168
390
389
387
384
384
388
401
403
5,377
nlu
Blrf
4. Brn, F., mn, T., Ntrnu, P. turm, Buurt, tur nm, 2000
7.
15. Nu, N., Turmul Dltr Durl, Buurt, tur xprt, 2000
20. http://www.ltunr.r/
22. http://rt.r/r-lt-unr/
23. http://www.nftrlrmn.r/rul.html
24. http://www.nss.r/ms/r/ntnt/tursm
25. http://mkt.unwt.r/pultn/unwt-tursm-hhlhts-2014-tn