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and then it was drew through the filter. Each crucible was rinsed with 8
portions of distilled water and marked distinctively. The crucibles were
dried to constant mass by heating to 110 degrees Celsius. The first
drying took place for an hour. This process of heating was continued
until the mass reached around .25 mg. The unknown was transferred to
a weighing bottle and dried at 110 degrees Celsius for an hour. A clean,
dry weighing bottle obtained the unknown from the TA, and the bottle
was kept in a desiccator for 5 minutes. The weigh by difference
technique was performed to weigh out 3 samples between .25-.30 g
and put into 400-milliliter beakers. Each sample was dissolved in about
100 mL of DI water, and 2 to 3 mL of 6M HNO3 was added. 0.2 M AgNO3
was slowly added to the cold sample while stirring until the solution
was observed to coagulate. The beakers were heated until almost
boiling for about 10 minutes. A few drops of AgNO3 was added to
confirm precipitation. Each beaker was covered with aluminum foil and
stored until the next week. Three sintered-glasses were obtained from
the oven and labeled. The vacuum filtration system was set up to
decant the supernatant liquids through the weighed sintered-glasses
under the vacuum. The precipitates were washed several times with a
solution consisting of 2.5 mL of 6 M HNO3 in 500 mL of DI water. The
washings were decanted through the filters. The AgCl was
quantitatively transferred from the beakers to the individual sintered
glasses with the wash solution. The precipitate was dried at 110
Results:
Unknown # 349
Table 1: Mass of Unknown
Mass of
Trial 1
.5365 g
Trial 2
.5260 g
Trial 3
.5261 g
weighing paper
Mass of
.7871 g
.7935 g
.7854 g
.2506 g
.2675 g
.2593 g
Mass of
Trial 1
30.3351 g
Trial 2
30.4042 g
Trial 3
30.4721 g
weighing paper
Mass of
30.9640 g
31.0363 g
31.0889 g
.6289 g
.6321 g
.6168 g
unknown +
weighing paper
Mass of
unknown
weighing paper
+ precipitate
Mass of dry
precipitate
Mass of Cl- in
.1556 g
.1583 g
.1526 g
unknown
% of Cl- in
62.10%
58.51%
58.89%
unknown
Average % Cl- in sample and STD: 59.80
+
-
1.973
Discussion: The mean value for the average percent of chloride in the
sample turned out to be 59.80%. All three of the trials produced a
similar result for the percent composition of the chloride in the
unknown sample. The standard deviation for the three trials performed
resulted in an extremely small value, 1.973! The standard deviation
essentially indicates that the trials were all performed consistently and
that the results for each trial were within 1.973 percent of the mean
value. Its also a strong indication that the same procedure can be
composition did not match the full amount of chlorine contained in the
unknown sample!