Day 3

Functions Part III

Step Functions

Systems of Equations
First Degree Systems of Equations

Learning Goals and

Success Criteria
Step Functions (MC)(SA)(LA)
To identify the main properties of step functions
Can read a graph and identify various points
To create a step function graph

Create the graph

Determine the intervals of the function

The Step Function

A Step function is a function that is constant over certain intervals and then

varies at a certain x-values called critical values.

Similar to inequalities, an open dot a a critical point means NOT included and a
closed dot a a critical point means included.
Key words to look for:
Nearest whole
Or part there of

Step Functions Video

Solid dots and lines count !! Hollow dots do NOT count!!

Step Function (MC)

What do I need to
know to solve this
problem? Where do
I start?
Determine what
interval of points
each purchase
earned.
$9.50 200
points
$22 300
points
$45 400
points
Total points is
900
Answer: B

Step Function (LA)

See next side for the answer

What do I need to know to solve

this problem? Where do I start?
Create a graph
Using the graph state the
Greg

Discount $12 =$75 x < $100

Anthony

Discount $16 = $100 x <

$125
Minus the 16$ discount

Amount Discount

intervals for each purchase

84 x <109

If the cap was 19.99 then the

jersey cost somewhere between
$ 64.01 x < $89.01

18

16

12

25

50

75

10
0

Amount Spent

12
5

Step Function

What do I need to know to solve

this problem? Where do I start?
Create a graph
Using the graph state the intervals for each purchase
Tony

Discount $3 =$20 x < $40

Larry
Discount $6 = $40 x < $60
Freds theory: If they double

their discount
Tony
If Tony spends (20 x 2 ) $40 = $6 discount
(His discount doubles)
If Tony spends ($30 X 2) = $60 = $9 discount
His discount triples
Larry
If Larry spends ($40 X 2 ) = 80 = $12 discount
His discount doubles
If larry spends ($55 x 2 ) = 110 = $15 discount
His discount is more than doubles
Random Value for x
Initial spend 55$ = $6 discount
Double the purchase $110 = $15 discount
In this case the discount more than doubles.

Answer:
Fred is right for his friend spend the at the beginning of the
interval but not at the end

Amount Discount

their purchase will they double

15

12

20

40

60

80

Amount Spent

10
0

What do I need to know to solve this

problem? Where do I start?
1. The word area is repeated in both company
breakdowns. Therefore you will need to know
the area of the soccer field.
A
= 22.5 X 22.5
= 506.25 m2
2. Next find the total price from Company A.
To do this we know that we have different
cost depending on side length, none of
which are our side length that we need.
Is the side length cost consistent per meter
square?

1800 / 100 = $18

5202 / 289 = $18
11250 / 625 = 18$ Therefore the cost per meter is
18$ per meter square .
506.25 X 18 = $9112.50

3. Company B is a Step Function.

Be careful though the step intervals are not

increasing by the same amounts

Step 1 $2000
Step 2 - $4000
Step 3 - $7000
Step 4 - $11 000
Your Area will fall in step 4 = $11 000

4. Answer = Company 1 is cheaper

Learning Goals and Success Criteria

System of Equations (LA)
Solves a system of first degree equations with two

variables
Comparison Method
Either x or y are along on one side for each equation
4x + 5 = 6x - 7
y = 4x + 5
y = 6x 7
Substitution Method

Only one of the variables

is isolates
3x + 2(-x
4) =
3x + 2y = 5
6x - 7
y = - x - 4

Elimination Method
Both Variables are on the same side of the equal sign
-3x + 7y = 8
-3x + 7y = 8
Double the
28x - 7y = 42
-4x + y = -6
equation
25x = 50

Solves a system of first degree equations in two

variables
Two equations together are

called a system of equations

A solution of a system of
equations is an ordered pair
that satisfies both equations
If you visualize each equation
as a line, the solution is the
point where the two lines
intersect

Solves a system of first degree

equations in two variables
In grade 9, you would graph

the two lines to see where they

intersect or you would create a
table of values to see when the
two values became equal.
In grade 10, you learn 3
different algebraic methods to
find the point of intersection.
These methods are usually
more efficient and more
precise.

System of Equations
Comparison method
The first method is the

COMPARISON METHOD
It is used when you have two
equations both in the form
y=ax+b
Because both y values have to
be the same at the point of
intersection we can make the
two expressions equal to
each other. Solving this
expression will give you the
value of x.
Comparison Method Video

System of Equations
Comparison method
Since the equations are both written in

the form y= ax + b

y x 8
y 4x 7

Write both equation so that the are

equal to each other and solve for x

x 8 4x 7
8 7 4x x
15 5 x
x3

Plug the value of x into one of the

original equations to find the value of y.

y x 8

y (3) 8
y 3 8
y 5

Write your answer as an ordered pair:

(3,5)

System of Equations
Substitution method
The second method is the

SUBSTITUTION METHOD
It is used when you have one
equation in the form y= or
x=
When one variable in one
equation is isolated replace
what the isolated variable is
equal to into the other equation..
Solving this new expression will
give you the value of one of the
two variables.
Substitution Method Video

System of Equations
Substitution Method
y = 2x 1
3x +4y = 18
Y is isolated in the first equation so we plug it
into the second equation solve for x
3x + 4(2x-1) = 18
3x + 8x 4 = 18
11x 4 = 18
11x = 22
x=2

Plug x back into one of

the equations
y = 2(2) -1
y=3
Answer (2,3)

System of Equations - Elimination

Method
The third method is the Elimination Method
This is used when you have two equations that can cancel

each other out.

To solve the system of equations, make the coefficients of one of the

variables the same value in both equations. Then either add the equations or
subtract one equation from the other (whichever is appropriate) to form a
new equation that only contains one variable. This is referred to as
eliminating the variable

Ex.
2X + 3Y = 15
4X 3Y = 3

Knowing the rules of algebra we know that we can add

the equations together, as long as we keep the left items
of the left and the right on the right.
In doing so for this equation we actually eliminate the Y
variable and the can continue and solve for X.

6X = 18
X = 3 2(3) + 3Y = 15
6 + 3Y = 15
3Y = 9
Y=3

Elimination Method
Video

Solving The systems using elimination

-3y + 4x = 11
y + 2x = 13

Step 1:

In order to cancel these out you have to

multiple one of the equations. Therefore we
multiple the second equation by 3.

-3y + 4x = 11
y + 2x = 13
3(y + 2x) = 3 13
3y + 6x = 39

Step 2:

Compare the two equations and

eliminate any possible variable.

-3y + 4x = 11
3y + 6x = 39
10x = 50
x=5

Step 4:

Write the ordered

pair.

(5, 3)

Step 3:

Solve for

y + 2(5) = 13
y + 10 = 13
y =3

Solving Systems of Equations

What do I need to know to solve

this problem? Where do I start?
1. Start by listing the equations for each table.
Table 1: 6x + 2y = 173
Table 2: 4x + 3y = 159.50
Table 3: ?x + 5y = 212.50
2. Since we are missing information from the 3rd equation, it
wont be much help to start. Using the first two equations
solve for x
6x + 2y = 173
4x + 3y = 159.50
To determine which method to use look at how the
equations are set up.
Comparison method No - y or x values are
not isolated
Substitution method No there is not one
isolated y or x value
Elimination Method Yes but we have to
rework both equation so that we can
eliminate one variable
6x + 2y = 173 X 3 18x + 6y = 519
4x + 3y = 159.50 X -2 -8x 6y = - 319
10x = 200
x = 20

3. Now that we have x. plug

x back into the original
equation and solve for y
6x + 2y = 173
6(20) + 2y = 173
120 + 2y = 173
2y = 53
y = 26.50
Check your answer by
plugging both coordinates
into equation 2
4.

Now plug x and y into the

third table equation and solve
for the missing number
?x + 5y = 212.50
? (20) + 5(26.50) = 212.50
? (20) + 132.50 = 212.50
? (20) = 80
? = 4 people

Solving Systems of
Equations

What do I need to know to solve

this problem? Where do I start?
1. Start by listing the equations for each table.
Table 1: 5x + 2y = 30
Table 2: 4x + 5y = 54.6
Table 3: 6x + 3y = ?
2. Since we are missing information from the
3rd equation, it wont be much help to start.
Using the first two equations solve for x
5x + 2y = 30
4x + 5y = 54.6
To determine which method to use
look at how the equations are set up.
Comparison method No - y
or x values are not isolated
Substitution method No
there is not one isolated y or x
value
Elimination Method Yes but
we have to rework both
equation so that we can
eliminate one variable
5x + 2y = 30 X 5 25x + 10y = 150
4x + 5y = 54.6
X -2 -8x 10y = 109.2
17x = 40.8

3. Now that we have x, plug x back

into the original equation and solve
for y
5x + 2y = 30
5(2.4) + 2y = 30
12 + 2y = 30
2y = 18
y=9
Check your answer by plugging both
coordinates into equation 2
4.

Now plug x and y into the third table

equation and solve for the missing
number
6x + 3y = ?
6(2.4) + 3(9) =
14.4 + 27 = 41.4

Answer: The width of design 3 is 41.4 cm

Solving Systems of Equations Word

Problems

What do I need to know to solve

this
problem? Where do I start?
1. Start by listing the equations for each scale.
We know that cylinder is equal to 500
grams therefore:
Scale 1: 500 + y = x + 2y
Scale 2: 2x + y = 750 + 4y
where
x = prism
y = sphere
2. Since we are missing information from the
3rd equation, it wont be much help to start.
Using the first two equations solve for x

We also know that the cylinder is 250

grams

We have to re-write the equation so

that we can use the,
500 + y = x + 2y
500 x = y
2x + y = 750 + 4y
2x 3y = 750
To determine which method to use look at
how the equations are set up.
Comparison method No - y
or x values are not isolated
Substitution method Yes
there is not one isolated y or x
value
Elimination Method Yes but
we have to rework both

2x - 3(500 x) = 750
2x - 1500 + 3x = 750
5x 1500 = 750
5x = 2250
x = 450
3. Solve for y
500 + y = 450 + 2y
50 = y
4. No solve for the third
scale
750 + 450 = 900 +
100 + ?
1200 = 1000 + ?
200 = ?
200 = 4 spheres