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ICMR JRF Entrance Examination July 2015 Model

Questions with Answers and Explanations Part 2
(MCQ014)
*(1).Whichofthefollowingsoilwillbemostporous:
a.Sandyloam
b.Clayloam
c.Clay
(2).Photosyntheticformationofglucosecanbesitedasanexamplefor:

a.Oxidation
b.Reduction
c.Condensation
d.Fixation
(3). Members of which family has been extensively employed as phyo
remediationagentsfortheremovalofcontaminatesfromsoil
a.Poaceae
b.Brassicaceae
c.Malvaceae
d.Annonaceae
(4).Whichofthefollowingcancercanbepreventedbyvaccination?
a.Oralcancer
b.Cervicalcancer
c.Breastcancer
d.Coloncancer
(5). Which of the following is NOT involved in plant defense signaling
pathwayinplants?
a.Gibberellicacid
b.Ethylene
c.Salisylicacid
d.Jasmonicacid
(6).Duringthegerminationofbarleyseeds,enzymesformobilizationof
reservefoodmaterialsfordevelopingembryoaresecretedby:
a.Endosperm
b.Embryo
c.Aleuronelayer
d.Embryonicleaves
(7).Duringbrainmapping,theelectricalactivityofbraincanberecorded
bythemethod____.
a.FMRI
b.ECG
c.EEG
d.Polygraphy
(8). The best system which can be adopted for gene therapy
is__________.
a.Pelements
b.CreLoxsystem
c.Nonhomogenousrecombination
d.AcDselements

(9).WhichofthefollowingisNOTacelladhesionprotein?
a.Cadherin
b.Integrin
c.Selectin
d.Clathrin
(10).Pickoutthemissmatchedpairfromthefollowing:
a.ChoanocytesProfera
b.MalphigiantubulesArthropods
c.ClitellumAnnelids
d.CnidocytesMollusc
(11).Themainforceinmembraneresealingofrupturedbiomembranein
aqueousenvironmentis:
a.Hydrophobicforcesbetweenmembranelipids
b.Covalentforcesbetweenmembranelipids
c.Forcesbetweenproteinandlipids
d.Ionicinteractionsbetweenmembranelipids
(12). What would happen if lysosome membrane leaks its digestive
enzymeincytosol:
a.Acidhydrolaseswillbeinactivated
b.Acidhydrolaseswilldigestthecellularcomponents
c.pHofcellwillincrease
d.itwillcauseIcelldisease
(13).Regulationoftrpoperonbybindingoftryptophantotrprepressor
istermedas:
a.Repression
b.Induction
c.Antitermination
d.Attenuation
(14).Insalttoleranceplants,theexcesssaltistransportedtovacuoleby:
a.NaH+antiporter
b.NaK+pump
c.NaClsymporter
d.NaH+ATPase
(15).IndividualshavingXchromosomeandshotarmofYchromosome
are Males, while individuals having X chromosome and long arm of Y
chromosomearefemale.Thisshowsthat_____
a.GenesformalenessarelocatedonshortarmofYchromosome
b.GenesformalenessarelocatedonlongarmofYchromosome

c.GenesformalenessarelocatedontheXchromosome
d.MaledetermininggenesarelocatedonYchromosome
(16). Xeroderma pigmentosum is a genetic disorder caused by error
in_______.
a.Baseexcisionrepairmechanism
b.Nucleotideexcisionrepairmechanism
c.Directrepairmechanism
d.DNAreplicationmechanism
(17).Whichofthefollowingantibioticinhibit80Sribosomes
a.Tetracycline
b.Strptomycin
c.Cyclohexamide
d.Chloramphenicol
(18).Thetoxicmechanismofdiphtheriatoxinisby___________.
a.ADPribosylationofEF2
b.ADPribosylationofEF1
c.BlockingtheactivityofRNApolymerase
d.BlockingDNAreplicationprocess
(19).AmajorfunctionaldifferencebetweenthesuccinylCoAsynthetase
ofplantandanimalcellmitochondriaisthat:
a.DoesnotproduceATPinplantcells
b.ProduceUTPinplantcells
c.ProduceATPinplantsandGTPinanimals
d.ProduceGTPinplantsandATPinanimals
(20).WhichofthefollowingisNOTcommonlyconsideredasapotential
pollutant
a.CO
b.CO2
c.SO2
d.NOx
(21).Lateralrootsinplantsareoriginatedfrom
a.Pericycle
b.Cortex
c.Pith
d.Endodermis
(22).Choosetheplantfamilywithcharacteristicumbelinflorescence:
a.Asteraceae
b.Acanthaceae

c.Apiaceae
d.Poaceae
(23). The distance between two gens A and B is 10 cM. What is the
chanceofgettingaprogenywithgenotypeAabb,ifAaBbistestcrossed?
a.5%
b.10%
c.11%
d.90%
(24).Circadianrhythmsinplantsarechieflyregulatedby______.
a.Phycobillins
b.Phytochromes
c.Phototropins
(25). As per the IUCN red data list, which taxa contains maximum
numberofendangeredandcriticallyendangeredspecies?
a.Amphibians
b.Reptiles
c.Mammals
d.Birds
Biology MCQ14: Biology/Life Science Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) / Model Questions with
answersandexplanationsforpreparingCSIRJRFNETLifeScienceExaminationandalsoforother
competitiveexaminationsinLifeScience/BiologicalSciencesuchasICMRJRFEntrance,DBTJRF,
GATELifeScience,GATEBiotechnology,ICAR,UniversityPGEntranceExam,JAM,GRE,Medical
EntranceExaminationetc.ThissetofpracticequestionsforJRF/NETLifeSciencewillhelptobuild
yourconfidencetofacetherealexamination.AlargequantumofquestionsinourpracticeMCQis
taken from previous year NET life science question papers. Please take advantage of our NET
Lecture Notes, PPTs, Previous Year Questions and Mock Tests for you preparation. You can
downloadtheseNETstudymaterialforfreefromourSlideshareaccount(linkgivenbelow).

Answerswithexplanations(MCQ0014)
1.Ans.(a).Sandyloam
Porosity of the soil increases with the increase in the particle size of soil.
Sandparticleswillhavelargersizethanclayparticlesinthesoil.
2.Ans.(b).Reduction
Reduction is a synthetic process (fusion of simple molecules to form large
complexmolecules)
Oxidationandreductioncanbeexplainedbasedonthreecriteria:
I. Oxygen: Oxidation is addition of oxygen while reduction is removal of
oxygen

II. Electrons: Oxidation is Loss of Electrons (OIL), reduction is gain of

electrons
II. Protons: Oxidation is removal of protons, reduction is addiction of
protons
Condensation: a type of reaction where a covalent bond is formed with the
removal of one molecule of water (elimination of water = elimination
reaction) between two reactive functional groups. Example: Peptide bond
formationinproteins,esterbondformationinlipids,glycosidiclinkagesin
carbohydratesetc.
3.Ans.(b).Brassicaceae
OldnameofBrassicaceaeisCruciferae
Phytoremediation:useofplantsfortheinsituremovaloftoxiccomponents
fromsoil,airorwater.
4.Ans.(b).Cervicalcancer
Cervical cancer is caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Vaccination
against HPV can prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer in human.
Similarly by vaccination against Human Hepatitis B virus (HBV),
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be prevented to some extent. In the
case of HCC, HBV infection is not the only reason, so vaccination cannot
provideacompleteprotectionagainstHCC.
5.Ans.(a).Gibberellicacid
6.Ans.(c).Aleuronelayer
7.Ans.(c).EEG
EEG(Electroencephalography)
FMRI: (Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging): An MRI technology to
monitorbrainactivitybydetectingassociatedchangesinbloodflow.
ECG(Electrocardiography):tomeasuretheelectricalactivityofheartovera
periodoftime.
Polygraphy: a lie detection method in criminology by measure several
parameters such as blood pressure, pulse, respiration rate etc. when the
personisansweredforaseriesofquestionassociatedwiththecrime.
8.Ans.(b).CreLoxsystem
CreLoxsystem:Asitespecificrecombinationsystemwhichcanbeusedto
produce conditional knockouts by inducing mutation in targeted genes
either by deletion, inversion or translocation. This system utilizes the Cre
recombinaseenzymeandLoxPsiteofBacteriophageP1toinduceknockouts.

PElement:atransposoninDrosophilamelanogasteranditiswidelyused
toinducemutationinfruitfliesforgeneticresearch.
Nonhomologous recombination: a nonallelic recombination that occurs
betweentwononalleliclocationsduetosequencesimilaritiesintheDNA.
AcDs elements: are transposons of maize first discovered by Barbara
McClintoc.AcstandsforActivatorandDsstandsofDissociation.
9.Ans.(d).Clathrin
Clathrin is protein and whose major function is in the formation of coated
vesicles. Three clathrin molecules associates to forms a triskelion shaped
structurewhichlaterassembledtoformthevesicles.
Cadherin:calciumdependenttransmembraneadherenceproteinofcells.
Integrin: Membrane protein receptors that bridges cell wall and extra
cellularmatrix(ECM).
Selectin: A specific sugar binding protein (hence lectin) of adhering
moleculestheextracellularmatrix
10.Ans.(d).CnidocytesMollusc
Cnidocyte (also called as cnidoblast or nematocyte) is a giant explosive
secretary cell of phylum Cnidaria (corals, sea anemones, hydrae, jelly fish
etc.).ThemembersofCnidariausecnidocytesforpreycapturingandalsofor
defensefrompredators.
Choanocytes: (also called collar cells) are cells that line the interior of
asconoid, syconoid and leuconoid body type sponges that contain a central
flagellum or undulipida, surrounded by a collar of microvilli which are
connectedbyathinmembrane.ThisconstitutestheChoanoderm,atypeof
cell layer found in sponges. Malphigian tubules: excretory and osmo
regulatorysystemfoundininsects(Arthropods).
Clitellum:Itisaglandular,nonsegmentedsectionofthebodynearthehead
region of earthworms and leeches that secretes a viscid sac. The main
functionofclitellumistostoreeggcells.
11.Ans.(a).Hydrophobicforcesbetweenmembranelipids
Hydrophobic interactions between the tails of membrane lipids and
hydrophilicinteractionofhead portion of membranelipid andwater assist
thepackingoflipidsinbiomembranes
12.Ans.(a).Acidhydrolaseswillbeinactivated
Acid hydrolases are enzyme, present in lysosome, whose optimum pH is
acidic condition. When it is released into the cytoplasm which is having
neutral to slightly alkaline pH (ph of human cytoplasm is 70.0 to 7.4), the

enzymewillbeinactivated.
13.Ans.(a).Repression
trpoperon isthefirst repressible operon discovered (byJacques Monod in
1952).
trpoperaonisarepressibleoperon:theoperonwillbeswitchedoffwiththe
tryptophan.
Attenuation:itistheadditional(second)mechanismofnegativefeedbackin
tryoperon. Attenuation responds with the concentration of charged t
RNAtrpinthecell.Attenuationcanrepressthetrpoperonbyafactorof10
fold(Therepressorcanrepressbyafactor70).Thusaltogetheratotalof700
foldrepressionisachievedwithrepressionandattenuation.
Antitermination: is a mechanism in prokaryotes to overcome premature
termination of transcription by RNA polymerase enzyme. By this
mechanism,thecellcaneitherswitchonoroffoneforfewgeneslocatedat
the end of an operon by ignoring the termination signal in the DNA. Anti
terminationisalsopresentinsomephagestoregulationtheprogressionof
onestagetonextduringitslifecycle.
14.Ans.(a).NaK+antiporter
15. Ans. (a). Genes for maleness are located on short arm of Y
chromosome
16.Ans.(b).Nucleotideexcisionrepairmechanism
17.Ans.(c).Cyclohexamide
Tetracycline: Protein synthesis inhibitor, inhibiting the binding of
aminoacyltRNA to the mRNAribosome complex. They do so mainly by
bindingtothe30SribosomalsubunitinthemRNAtranslationcomplex.
Streptomycin: Protein synthesis inhibitor, bins to the 16S rRNA of 30S
subunit of ribosome and thus interfere with the binding of formyl
methionyltRNAandhenceinitiationofproteinsynthesisisinhibited.
Chloramphenicol:Inhibitthepeptidoglycancellwallsynthesisinbacteria
byinhibitingtheenzymetranspeptidase.Samemodeofactionasotherbeta
lactam antibiotics: disrupt the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of
bacterialcellwall.
Cyclohexamide: An antibiotic which inhibit protein synthesis in
eukaryotes by interfering the translocation process and thus inhibit the
translational elongation process. It is produced by the bacterium
Streptomycesgriseus
18.Ans.(a).ANDribosylationofEF2

Diphtheria toxin is a protenacious exotoxin produced by Corynebacterium

diphtheria, which causes diphtheria in human. Diphtheria toxin inhibits
proteinsynthesisbyinhibitingtheeukaryoticElongationFactor2(eEF2)by
the transfer of NAD+ to the diphthamide residue in the elongation factor
(eEF2)byADPribosylation.
Diphthamide: it is a modified histidine residue found in the eukaryotic
ElongationFactor2(eEF2)
19.Ans.(c).ProduceATPinplantsandGTPinanimals
20.Ans.(b).CO2
21.Ans.(a).Pericycle
22.Ans.(c).Apiaceae
23.Ans.(a).5%
24.Ans.(c).Phototropins
Phototropins are protenacaceous (flavorproteins) photoreceptors that
mediatephototropisminhigherplants.
Phycobilinsarethelightabsorbingpigmentspresentincyanobacteriaandin
thechloroplastsofredalgae.
Phytochromesarephotoreceptorpigmentsinplantstodetectlight
25.Ans.(a).Amphibians
Asof2015,792amphibians,358reptiles,482mammalsand419birdspecies
areendangered
Asof2015,522amphibians,174reptiles,212mammalsand213birdspecies
arecriticallyendangered
About30%ofallamphibiansareunderthethreatcategoriesofvulnerable
endangeredandcriticallyendangered
*Questionspreparedfrom2008CSIRquestionpaper

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