Longitud de curva.

sea f (x) una funcin y f ; (x) su derivada continua en el intervarlo [a; b]

Se dene la longitud s del arco delimitado por !
[a; b] dado por la ecuacin:
r
h i2
R
Rb q
b
2
df
1 + [f ; (x)] dx = a
1 + dx
dx
s= a

a)

y=

1
3

x2 + 2

3
2

x 1
p
= x x2 + 2

3
2

dy
dx

1
d
2
= dx
3 x +2
q
p
R1
2
s = 0 1 + x x2 + 2 dx
R1p
s = 0 1 + (x2 (x2 + 2))dx
R1p
s = 0 1 + x4 + 2x2 dx
R1p
s = 0 x4 + 2x2 + 1dx
R1q
2
s = 0 (x2 + 1) dx
R1
s = 0 x2 + 1 dx = 43
b)
y = ln (cos x)
0 x 4
dy
d
=
(ln
(cos
x))
= cos1 x sin x = tan x
dx
dx
R4q
2
1 + ( tan x) dx
s= 0
R4p 2
tan x + 1 dx
=
R p0
= 04 sec2 x dx
R
= 04 sec x dx
R
x+tan x
= 04 sec x sec
sec x+tan x dx
R 4 sec2 x+sec
x tan x
= 0
dx
u = sec x + tan x
sec x+tan x
du = sec2 x + sec x tan x dx
R
4
= du
u = ln u = ln (sec x + tan x) j0
p
= ln sec 4 + tan 4
ln (sec 0 + tan 0) = ln 2 + 1
c) R p
x
y = 2 (3t4 1)dt
2 x
1
p
Rx p
dy
d
(3t4 1)dt = 3x4 1
dx = dx
2
q
p
R 1
2
s= 2 1+
3x4 1 dx
R 1p
s = 2 1 + 3x4 1dx
p
R 1p
s = 2 3x4 dx = 73 3
d)
x
1 x 2
y = ln eex +11
dy
dx

s=

d
dx

R2
1

ln
1+

ex +1
ex 1

ex
e2x

2 e2xe

2
1

dx
1

s=
s=
s=
s=
s=
s=
s=
s=

R2q
1

1+

R 2 q (e2x

4e2x
dx
(e2x 1)2

1)2 +4e2x
dx
(e2x 1)2

R 2 p(e2x

1)2 +4e2x
dx
1 p (e2x 1)
R 2 e4x 2e2x +1+4e2x
dx
(e2x 1)
1
R 2 pe4x +2e2x +1
dx
1 p (e2x 1)

R2

(e2x +1)2
(e2x 1) dx
1
R 2 (e2x +1)
dx
1 e2x 1
R 2 (e2x +1)
dx
2x
R12 ee2x 1
R2
dx + 1 e2x1 1 dx
1 e2x 1

s=
por un lado:
R 2 e2x
R2
dx = 1 1 e1 2x dx = 12 ln e4 1
1 e2x 1
R2 1
1
2
dx = 12 ln e4 1
1
2 ln e
1 e2x 1
luego:
1
2
s = 12 ln e4 1
1 + 21 ln e4
2 ln e
s = ln e4 1
ln e2 1
1
e)
3
1
y = x6 + 2x
1 x 2
dy
dx

d
dx

R2

x3
6

1
2x

(x4 1)
2x2

1
2x2

x4

dx
R 2 q 4x4 +(x4 1)2
s= 1
dx
4x4
R 2 q 4x4 +x8 2x4 +1
s= 1
dx
4x4
R 2 q x8 +2x4 +1
s= 1
dx =
4x4
R 2 q (x4 +1)2
s= 1
4x4 dx
R 2 (x4 +1)
s = 1 2x2 dx
R 2 x4
R2 1
s = 1 2x
2 dx + 1 2x2 dx
R2
R2
s = 12 1 x2 dx + 12 1 x12 dx
= 76 + 14 = 17
12
f) R p
x
y = 0 sec4 t 1dt
4 p x
4
Rxp
dy
d
4
sec t 1dt = sec4 x 1
dx = dx q0
p
R
2
1+
sec4 x 1 dx
s= 4
R 4p
s= 4
1 + (sec4 x 1)dx
R 44 p
s=
sec4 xdx
s=

1+

1
2

ln e2

1
1

1
2

ln e2

s=
s=
g)
y=
dy
dx

R
R

sec2 xdx

4
4

sec2 xdx = 2

4
4

x3
3

d
dx

1
4x
x3
3

1
1
4x

x
1
4x2

3
4

=
=
+
4x
1
R3q
2
s = 1 1 + 4x1 2 (4x4 1) dx
R3q
2
4
s = 1 1 + (4x16x41) dx
q
R 3 16x4 +(4x4 1)2
dx
s= 1
16x4
R 3 q 16x4 +16x8 8x4 +1
s= 1
dx
16x4
R 3 q 16x8 +8x4 +1
s= 1
dx
16x4
R 3 q (4x4 +1)2
s= 1
16x4 dx
R 3 (4x4 +1)
s = 1 4x2 dx
R3 4
s = 1 4x4x+1
2 dx
R 3 4x4
R3
s = 1 4x2 dx + 1 4x1 2 dx
1
53
= 26
3 + 6 = 6