Richardson 1

Running Head: Corporal Punishment

Exercise #1

Tuskegee University Institute

SOWK 300

Erika D. Richardson

January 27, 2010

 Richardson 2

Article 1

Gregory, J., F. (1995). The crime of punishment: Racial and gender disparities in the

use of corporal punishment in U.S. public Schools. Journal of Negro Education,

64(4), 454-462. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2967267

The journal article explains why black males are known for having more

experiences with corporal punishment. The article gives the first analysis on

corporal punishment through the aspects of race and gender. Not until 1994 was

the first study conducted. The analysis shows that Black American male students

have extremely higher rates compared to all other students, even black and white

female students. Corporal Punishment in the public school was popular from the

beginning of time to around the seventies. Corporal punishment is used still today

in certain boarding schools and academies. Throughout the passage, the author
examines why the black male received corporal punishment the most.
 Richardson 3

Article 2

Salt, H., S. (1905). The ethics of corporal punishment. International Journal of Ethics,
16(1), 77-88. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2376204

The journal article is against Corporal Punishment. The author views Corporal

Punishment as a form of degradation. To inflict pain on someone for them to

suffer from what one perceives as wrong is argued to be inhuman. The article

suggests that evil doing is a matter for argument. Basically questioning all the

reasons a child should be punished. The Corporal punishment method is also

viewed as a block in the development of "human freedom." The journal article

has a strong opinion to the methods of Corporal Punishment through a

humanitarianalistic perspective.
 Richardson 4

Article 3

Flynn, C., P. (1994). Regional differences in attitudes toward corporal punishment".

Journal of Marriage and the Family, 56(78), 314-324. Retrieved from

http://www.jstor.org/stable/353102

The purpose of this article is to address the relationship between region and

Corporal Punishment. Nine hundred seventy-eight adults were surveyed to

analyze their beliefs on punishment. Four different regions were sampled. North,

East, West, and South. Eighty-six percent of Southerners supported Corporal

Punishment. Negative feedback from spankings is more present now. However

that does not change attitudes toward Corporal Punishment. The negative
outcomes seem not to affect the “deeply rooted American culture.”
 Richardson 5

Article 4

Walsh, W. (2002). Spankers and nonspankers: Where they get information on spanking.

National Council of Family Relations, 51(45), 81-88. Retrieved from

http://www.jstor.org/stable/3700302

The purpose of this article is to find where spanking and non spanking parents

obtain their information from. Sources of information can come from family

members, friends, workshops, newspapers, child doctor, magazines, and books.

Parents were asked which of these sources they believed were most important.

Nine hundred and ninety-eight mothers were surveyed. Each mother had children

between the ages two to four years old. Thirty-three percent of the mothers

believed advice from workshops, child doctor, newspapers, books, and

magazines are very relevant when it comes to discipline their child(ren). However

less than fifteen percent of mothers rated family and friends advice as most

important. The article breaks down all aspects of Corporal Punishment from the
sources, to the definition, and outcomes or negative effects it has on children.
 Richardson 6

Article 5

Weinberg, B., A. (2001). An incentive model of the effect of parental income on children.
The Journal of Political Economy, 109(2), 266-280. Retrieved from

http://www.jstor.org/stable/3078418

The journal article explores how parents’ social economic status affects the child.

According to the article that children with parents of a lower social economic

status have higher cases of corporal punishment. There are different methods of

corporal punishment used worldwide. The article suggests that the parent child

interaction varies with social economic status. Parents of higher income use their

financial investments in their children a way to make them more passive" to their

authority. Basically the article elaborates on how the level of investment

influences the child's behavior.
Richardson 7