Process Flow Diagrams 1

Presenter: Dianne Plummer

Date:

What Is a Process Flow Diagram

A diagram used in engineering to indicate
the flow processes and equipment right
from the start to the end. It is very useful to
quickly understand the general production
process and to design the factory layout.
Process Flow diagrams are most
commonly used in chemical industries.

What is Generally on a PFD

Shows the material flow from one piece of
equipment to the other in a process.
It usually provides information about the
pressure, temperature, composition, and
flow rate of the various streams, heat
duties of exchangers, and other such
information pertaining to understanding
and conceptualizing the process.

Features of a PFD
A PFD should include:
Process Piping
Major equipment symbols, names and
identification numbers
Control, valves and valves that affect operation
of the system
Interconnection with other systems
Major bypass and recirculation lines
System ratings and operational values as
minimum, normal and maximum flow,
temperature and pressure
Composition of fluids

Pumps, Compressors, Mixing

Compressor is a mechanical device that takes in a
medium and compresses it to a smaller volume. A
mechanical or electrical drive is typically connected to
a pump that is used to compress the medium.
Pump refers to a mechanical apparatus using suction
or pressure to raise or move liquids, compress gases,
or force air into inflatable objects such as tires. The
symbols for pumps may closely resemble those for
compressors.
Mixing is a gear that combine some materials or put
them together to form one substance or mass.
Mixing vessel is a container that is used to blend
several components together.

Heat Exchanger, Cooling Towers,

Coolers
Heat exchanger is an equipment used to
transfer heat energy between two process
flows. Heat exchangers transfer heat
energy through conductive and convective
heat transfer.
Cooling towers transfer heat energy to
the outside air through the principle of
evaporation.
Cooler is a device, container or room that
cools air through the evaporation of water
or keeps cool.

Furnace, Boilers, Tanks

Furnace means a tool for heating a
continuous current of air by means of a fire
contained within the apparatus and without
mingling the fresh air with the products of
combustion.
Boiler is a closed vessel in which water or
other fluid is heated.
Tank is used to store process fluids of
various types, under different process
conditions.

Gate Valve, Check Valve, Globe

Valve
Gate valve is a device used to control the
flow of liquids and gases.
Check valve, also known as one-way
valve, is to prevent the line of medium
back.
Globe valve refers to a mechanism used
to control or stop the flow of liquid or gas
through a pipe.
is oriented at a 90 deg angle of gate valve.

Ball Valve, Butterfly Valve

Ball valve is a valve with a spherical disc,
the part of the valve which controls the
flow through it.
Butterfly valve is installed between two
flanges using a separate set of bolts for
each flange.
Angle valve is oriented at a 90 deg angle
of gate valve.

Process Flow Diagram Symbols Piping Lines

Process flow diagrams use special piping
lines to represent how signals are
transmitted between equipments.
These symbols are used to identify how
the instruments in the process connect to
each other.
And what type of signal is being used.
(electrical, pneumatic, data, etc)

Major Pipeline, Major Straight Line,

Process Connection
Major pipeline is for connection of the
equipment in any position.
Major Straight line connect the
equipment in the same horizontal or
Vertical position.
Process connection help to create the
process flow between equipments. Double
click process connection to edit
description.