Constitutional Law I (Berne Guerrero)

OUTLINE IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW I

Prof. Michael Vernon Guerrero Mendiola
Arellano University School of Law
I. General Considerations
A. Political Law and Constitutional Law
A001 People v. Perfecto, GR L-18463,

October

1922,

En

Banc

Malcolm

[J]

Makasiar

[J]

(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1922/oct1922/gr_l-18463_1922.html) <

A002 Macariola

v.

Asuncion,

AM

133-J,

31

May

1982,

En

Banc,

(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1982/may1982/am_133_j_1982.html )

B. Constitutions
1. Definition 1
2. Theoretical Basis
3. Nature and Function 2
A101 Manila Prince Hotel v. Government Service Insurance System, GR 122156, 3 February
1997,
En
Banc,
Bellosillo
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1997/feb1997/gr_122156_1997.html)

4. Classifications 3
5. Parts of a constitution
6. Interpretation of the Constitution
a. Construction 4
A102 Francisco v. House of Representatives, GR 160261, 10 November 2003, En Banc, Carpio
Morales [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2003/nov2003/gr_160261_2003.html)
b. Self-executing provisions
A103 Gutierrez v. House of Representatives Committee on Justice, GR 193459, 15 February
2011,
Carpio
Morales
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2011/feb2011/gr_193459_2011.html)

7. Supremacy of the Constitution 5

A104 Mutuc v. Commission on Elections, GR L-32717, 26 November 1970, En Banc, Fernando
[J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1970/nov1970/gr_32717_1970.html) <
A105 Alih v. Castro, GR L-69401, 23 June 1987, En Banc, Cruz [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1987/jun1987/gr_l_69401_1987.html) <

C. History of the Philippine Constitution (with related events)

1. Spanish period.
2. The Philippine Revolution of 1896.
a. Malolos Constitution (1899)
3. Spanish-American War (1898)
A201 United States v. Bull, GR L-5270, 15 January 1910, En Banc, Elliott [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1910/jan1910/gr_l-5270_1910.html)

a. 1898 Treaty of Peace. 6

1
2
3
4
5

See Lopez v. De los Reyes, GR L-34361, 5 November 1930, En Banc, Villamor and Ostrand [JJ] concurring and dissenting
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1930/nov1930/gr_l-34361_1930.html)
See also Lopez v. De los Reyes [1930], Villamor and Ostrand [JJ] concurring and dissenting, supra.
See also Manila Prince Hotel v. Government Service Insurance System [1997], supra.
See also Mabanag v. Lopez Vito [1947], infra.;
See also Manila Prince Hotel v. Government Service Insurance System [1997], supra.; Garcia v. Executive Secretary, GR
157584, 2 April 2009, En Banc, Brion [J] ( http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2009/apr2009/gr_157584_2009.html)
< ; Dueas v. House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal, GR 185401, 21 July 2009, En Banc, Corona [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2009/jul2009/gr_185401_2009.html) <
See Roa v. Insular Collector of Customs [1912], Infra.

Copyright (c) 2013. Michael Vernon Guerrero 1

Constitutional Law I (Berne Guerrero)

4. Philippine-American War (or the Philippine Insurrection), and the 1899-1902 Interregnum.
a. Mckinleys Instructions (7 April 1900). 7
5.

6.
7.
8.

b. The Spooner Amendment (2 March 1901). 8

American period. 9
a. The Philippine Organic Act of 1902 (or the Philippine Bill of 1902, or the Cooper Law [1 July
1902]). 10
b. The Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916 (or the Jones Law [21 August 1916]).
The Philippine Commonwealth
a. The 1935 Constitution.
1. The 1940 Amendments to the 1935 Constitution.
The Japanese Occupation
a. The 1943 Constitution.
Philippine Independence (4 July 1945) and the Philippine Republic
a. Continuation of the 1935 Constitution.
A202 Co Kim Cham v. Valdez Tan Keh, GR L-5, 17 September 1945, En Banc, Feria [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1973/jan1973/gr_35925_1973.html) < 11

1. The 1947 Amendments to the 1935 Constitution (Parity Amendment). 12

A203 Mabanag v. Lopez Vito, GR L-1123, 5 March 1947, En Banc, Tuason [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1947/mar1947/gr_l-1123_1947.html)

A204 Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Guerrero, GR -20942, 22 September 1967,

En Banc, Fernando [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1967/sep1967/gr_l-

20942_1967.html) <
9. Martial Law Period
A205 In RE Aquino, GR L-35546, 17 September 1974, En Banc, Macalintal [CJ]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1974/sep1974/gr_l_35546_1974.html) <

a. The 1973 Constitution.

A206 Planas v. Commission on Elections, GR L-35925, 22 January 1973, En Banc,
Concepcion [CJ] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1973/jan1973/gr_35925_1973.html)
<

A207 Javellana v. Executive Secretary, 31 March 1973, En Banc Resolution, Concepcion [CJ]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1973/mar1973/gr_36142_1973.html) <

1. The 1976 Amendments to 1973 Constitution. 13

A208 Sanidad v. Commission on Elections, GR L-44640, 12 October 1976, En Banc,
Martin [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1976/oct1976/gr_44640_1976.html) <
A209 Hidalgo v. Marcos, GR L-47329, 9 December 1977, En Banc, Castro [CJ]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1977/dec1977/gr_47329_1977.html) <

2. The 1980 Amendments to 1973 Constitution.

A210 Occena v. Commission on Elections, GR L-52265, 28 January 1980, En Banc,
Antonio [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1980/jan1980/gr_52265_1980.html)
7
8
9
10
11

See United States v. Bull [1910], Roa v. Insular Collector of Customs [1912], supra.
See United States v. Bull [1910], supra.
See Valles v. Commission on Elections [2000], infra.
See United States v. Bull [1910], supra; Roa v. Insular Collector of Customs [1912], supra.
See also Co Kim Cham v. Valdez Tan Keh, GR L-5, 16 November 1945, En Banc Resolution, Feria [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1945/nov1945/gr_l-5_1945.html) <
12 See also Republic of the Philippines v. Quasha, GR L-30299, 17 August 1972, En Banc, Reyes JBL [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1972/aug1972/gr_l_30299_1972.html) <
13 See also Dela Llana v. Commission on Elections, GR L-47245, 9 December 1977, En Banc, Castro [CJ]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1977/dec1977/gr_47245_1977.html)

Copyright (c) 2013. Michael Vernon Guerrero 2

Constitutional Law I (Berne Guerrero)

3. The 1981 Amendments to 1973 Constitution. 14

A211 Occena v. Commission on Elections, GR L-56350, 2 April 1981, En Banc, Fernando
[CJ] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1981/apr1981/gr_56350_1981.html) <
A212 Legaspi v. Minister of Finance, GR L-58289, 24 July 1982, En Banc, Barredo [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1982/jul1982/gr_l_58289_1982.html) <

b. 1986 Snap Elections

A213 Philippine Bar Association v. Commission on Elections, GR 72915, 19 December
1985, Minute Resolution <
10.The February 1986 Revolution (EDSA I) 15
a. The 1986 Provisional Constitution.
1. Proclamation No. 1 (25 February 1986) 16
A214 In RE Bermudez, GR 76180, 24 October 1986, En Banc, Per Curiam
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1986/oct1986/gr_76180_1986.html) <

A215 De Leon v. Esguerra, GR 78059, 31 August 1987, En Banc, Melencio-Herrera [J]

(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1987/aug1987/gr_78059_1987.html) <

2. Proclamation No. 3, (25 March 1986)

3. The Constitutional Commission of 1986
11.Post-EDSA I
a. The 1987 Constitution.
1. Proclamation No. 58 (11 February 1987)
2. When considered ratified (Article XVIII, Section 27 of the 1987 Constitution)
b. EDSA II
A216 Estrada v. Desierto, GRs 146710-15. 2 March 2001, En Banc, Puno [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2001/mar2001/gr_146738_2001.html) <

II. Amendments to or Revision of the Constitution

A. Amendments viz Revisions
B. Proposal (Article XVII, Sections 1 and 2 of the 1987 Constitution)
1. Modes of Proposal
B001 Gonzales v. Commission on Elections, GR L-28196, 9 November 1987, En Banc,
Concepcion [CJ] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1967/nov1967/gr_l-28196_1967.html)
<

a. By Congress.
b. By Constitutional Convention.
c. By People's Initiative.
B002 Defensor-Santiago v. Commission on Elections, GR 127325, 19 March 1997, En Banc,
Davide Jr. [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1997/mar1997/gr_127325_1997.html) <
B003 Lambino v. Commission on Elections, GR 174153, 25 October 2006, En Banc, Carpio [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2006/oct2006/gr_174153_2006.html) < 17

2. Frequency of Amending the Constitution.

C. Call for a Constitutional Convention (Article XVII, Section 3 of the 1987 Constitution)
D. Submission
B101 Tolentino v. Commission on Elections, GR L-34150, 16 October 1971, En Banc, Barredo
[J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1971/oct1971/gr_34150_1971.html) <
E. Ratification (Article XVII, Section 4 of the 1987 Constitution )
14 See also Lozada v. Commission on Elections, GR L-59068, 27 January 1983, En Banc, De Castro [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1983/jan1983/gr_l_59068_1983.html) <
15 See Marcos v. Manglapus [1989], infra.
16 See also Lawyers League for a Better Philippines v. Aquino, GR 73748, 22 May 1986 <
17 See also Lambino v. Commission on Elections [Resolution of 21 November 2006]

Copyright (c) 2013. Michael Vernon Guerrero 3

Constitutional Law I (Berne Guerrero)

F. The position of the Consitutional Convention in the Philippine system of government

Copyright (c) 2013. Michael Vernon Guerrero 4