Chuyn :

VN PHT TRIN VNG NG BNG SNG HNG

ng bng sng Hng l mt trong nhng vng kinh t c iu

kin v tr a l, t nhin, kinh t x hi thun li ca nc ta. Trn c
s nhng th mnh , vng tn dng pht huy ngun lc tr thnh
mt trong hai vng kinh t pht trin mnh nht nc ta. nh hng
chnh l xy dng vng tr thnh vng ng lc pht trin cng nghip
v nng nghip ca c nc.

Bn vng ng bng sng Hng

1. V tr a l v ti nguyn thin nhin (VTL TNTN)
- Phm vi lnh th: ng bng sng Hng bao gm 11 tnh. Din tch
14.962,5 km2 (4,5% din tch c nc), dn s (2008) 18,54 triu ngi
(21,7% dn s c nc). C th H Ni l TT KT, CT, VH, KH-KT...
quan trng ca vng v c nc. Gip vi TDMN'PB' v BTB c tim nng
ln v khong sn, ti nguyn N - L - N. Pha ng gip bin l ca ng

thng ra bin c tim nng v thy sn, du kh. Phn ln lnh th nm

trong a bn KTTPB'.
- a hnh tng i bng phng, hng thp dn t TB-N; trong
vng c nhiu trng (H - Nam - Ninh). t ai ch yu l t ph sa mu
m.

Cnh ng la ng bng sng Hng

- t s dng 83,26% din tch. C cu t 70% c ph cao v
trung bnh, 10% t bc mu, 13% t nhim mn - chua phn, 7% l cc
n ct. Din tch t trng cy lng thc 1,19 triu ha (14,0% c nc),
ng th 2 sau B sng Cu Long 3,89 triu ha. t ph sa rt thch hp
vi vic thm canh cy la nc, cy mu, cy cng nghip hng nm (ay,
ci, u tng, ma...). t v thnh phn cu to t ca vng c quan h
cht ch vi qu trnh xi l vng ni - vi qu trnh bi t ng bng;
do qu trnh xm thc trn lu vc kh mnh nn sng Hng c lng ct
bn ln nht trong cc sng nc ta, hng nm lng ct bn ti qua Sn
Ty l 117 triu tn, mt phn lng ng trong sng, trong ng bng, mt

phn to nn cc cn ct ven bin, ca sng, cn li ra bin vi 9 ca

sng ln nh.
Bng 6.5 . C cu s dng t ca ng bng sng Hng ti thi im
01/01/2008
Chia ra (%)

Din tch

C nc
B sng Hng
H Ni
H Ty
Vnh Phc
Bc Ninh
Hi Dng
Hi Phng
Hng Yn
Thi Bnh
H Nam
Nam nh
Ninh Bnh

(1000

Nng

Lm

ha)

nghip

nghip

CD

33114.6
1487.4
92.1
219.8
137.3
82.3
165.4
152.2
92.3
155.9
86.0
165.2
138.9

28.45
50.35
40.83
49.50
42.90
54.43
54.35
34.03
60.13
61.83
53.60
58.35
45.14

44.74
8.42
5.21
7.37
23.89
0.73
5.32
14.45
0.00
0.83
7.91
2.66
19.80

4.69
16.42
23.24
18.43
15.08
19.08
17.05
15.11
17.44
15.84
15.23
14.47
12.17

Cha
t
1.87
8.07
14.33
8.23
6.34
11.91
8.46
8.61
9.97
8.15
6.05
6.30
4.10

s
dng
20.24
16.74
16.40
16.47
11.80
13.85
14.81
27.79
12.46
13.34
17.21
18.22
18.79

- t cha s dng: 16,74%. Qu trnh m rng din tch gn lin vi

vic quai , ln bin, thc hin phng thc "la ln ci; ci - s, vt; s
vt- bin"; trong qu trnh pht trin kinh t, mt s KCN c hnh thnh
trn cc lu vc sng nh hng ln n B sng Hng. "V d, KCN
Vit Tr, mi ngy s dng 20,0 vn m3 nc, thi ra S.Hng 10,0 vn m3
nc c cha nhiu cht c hi; hay KCN Thi Nguyn, mi ngy ly 26,0
vn m3 nc S.Cu v thi ra sng 19,2 vn m3 (trong nc c cha nhiu
NO2, NH2 v cc cht hu c khc".
- c trng kh hu ca vng l c mt ma ng lnh (thng 10 n
thng 4), ma ng cng l ma kh nhng c ma phn. V vy, phn ln

din tch t ng bng, t bi ven sng c s dng trng cc loi rau v

ng (y cng l th mnh c o ca vng).
- Ngun nc: nm h lu ca S.Hng - Thi Bnh vi nhiu chi
lu, nn mng li sng ngi rt dy c; cng vi lch s khai thc lnh th
sm, dn c qu ng c, ngi dn xy dng h thng sng, bin
ngn l, ngn mn, pht trin h thng ti tiu, m rng din tch t canh
tc; kt hp vi h thng GTVT ng b, ng thy rt thun li cho pht
trin KT - XH ca vng. B sng Hng c vng bin kh rng, ng b
bin kh di 400 km t Thy Nguyn - Hi Phng n Kim Sn - Ninh
Bnh, thm lc a m rng ra pha bin 500 km, c nhiu bi triu rng, ph
sa dy l c s pht trin ngnh thy - hi sn (tm, rong cu)

Bin Sn, Hi Phng

- Ti nguyn sinh vt: vng c ti nguyn sinh vt kh phong ph vi
nhiu ng thc vt qu him c trng cho gii sinh vt ca Vit Nam. Mc
d trong vng c cc khu dn c v th phn b dy c nhng gii sinh
vt vn c bo tn cc vn quc gia Ba V, Ct B, Cc Phng.

Vn Quc gia Ct B, Hi Phng

- Ti nguyn khong sn khng nhiu, pht hin khong 307 m v im
qung, ch yu l t st trng (Hi Dng); vi (Thy Nguyn n Kim
Mn, H Ty, Ninh Bnh) chim 25,4% c nc dng trong CNSX VLXD
v snh s. Trong lng t c kh t (Tin Hi), c du m b TT S.Hng
(800 triu tn); Than nu ( su qu ln 200 2000 m), tr lng vi
chc t tn (80% tp trung tnh Thi Bnh) cha c iu kin khai thc.
Hn ch: ma, bo, l thng xuyn xy ra trong ma ma. vng
ca sng ven bin khi triu dng cc dng nc chy ngc sng, nu l ln
m gp triu dng gy hin tng dn nc trn sng, dng chy ngc
mang theo nc mn ln su vo t lin (S.Hng l 20 km, S.Thi Bnh l
40 km). Vo ma cn, mc nc sng ch cn bng 20 - 30% lng nc c
nm gy tnh trng thiu nc.

2. Ti nguyn nhn vn
- L vng c lch s hnh thnh sm, l ci ni ca nn vn minh la
nc; dn c ng c; c truyn thng thm canh v cc ngnh ngh th
cng m ngh. Mt dn s trn 1.239 ng/km 2 (2008), c nc 260 ng/km2
(H Ni 6.116 ng/km2, thp nht l Ninh Bnh 936 ng/km2). Dn c thng
tp trung trn cc di t cao, ven sng, dc cc tuyn GT ln, cc lng
ngh nh Bt Trng (Gia Lm - H Ni), Hu Bng (Thch Tht - H Ty),
Thun Vi (V Th - Thi Bnh), cc vng ven bin nh Thy Anh (Thi
Thy - Thi Bnh), Ngha Hng (Nam nh),.v.v. Khu vc tha dn ch yu
cc vng bn sn a v di trng ca ng bng. Hnh thc c tr c 2
xu hng chnh theo kiu lng, x tp trung thnh nhng im trn di t
cao xen k trong vng v phn b dc hai b sng Hng, Thi Bnh (ph
hp vi vic SX v sinh hot ca nhn dn trong vng gn vi nng ng).
- T l dn th (2008) l 26,30%, thp hn mc TB ca c nc
(28,1%), NB (58,00%). Trnh hc vn v dn tr ca vng cao hn hn
cc vng khc. T l ngi cha bit ch ch 0,68% (c nc 3,74%); L c
CMKT l 25,85% (c nc 19,70%); s cn b c trnh C-H chim
35,5% tng s cn b C - H ca c nc (NB l 20,6%). S pht trin
KT-XH lu i hnh thnh trn vng nhiu im, cm KT - XH, th trn,
th x, Tp (c bit l hai TT kinh t rt ln H Ni, Hi Phng c coi l 2
cc pht trin ca vng); C nhng lng ngh ni ting nh ngh khm bc,
c ng v c kh (ng Qu, Nam Ninh, Nam nh); ngh khc, chm, tr
kim loi (ng Sm, Kin Xng, Thi Bnh); ngh gm, s (Bt Trng,
Gia Lm, H Ni); ngh dt vi t la (Vn Phc, H ng).v.v. Ti nguyn
VH, lch s, nhng cng trnh kin trc c,... c mt tp trung cao hn
nhiu so vi cc vng khc.

 Nhng kh khn: Lch s khai thc sm li mt a hnh

trng ln, rt tn km khi ci to; Kh hu 2 ma gy mt cn i ngun
ti nguyn nc, mt ma d tha nc li km theo bo l d b ngp ng;
mt ma kh (thiu nc). Cc sng ln bt ngun t Trung Quc qua vng
MN'TD ri vo ng bng ra bin, v vy mi tc ng ca vng thng v
trung lu u c nh hng ln n ng bng nh (ph rng, ph sa bi lp
ca sng, nc thi ca cc KCN, nc thi ca th...). Gia tng dn s
vn cn cao; di dn t do vo cc TP ln gy sc p ln i vi nn kinh
t; vic lm - tht nghip TP, thiu vic lm nng thn ang l vn
ln cn gii quyt; vy vic iu tra c bn, xy dng qui hoch, k
hoch khai thc tim nng trong vng cn chp v, cha y , gy tnh
trng lng ph, s dng khng hp l.... u nh hng khng nh n pht
trin KT-XH ca vng.
3. Hin trng pht trin kinh t - x hi
- V sn xut nng nghip: T nn nng nghip la nc c canh,
n nay c cu kinh t ca vng c nhng thay i ng k, nhng vn
mang sc thi ca nn nng nghip nh b, lc hu, c canh. Nm 2008, t
nng nghip chim 50,35% din tch t t nhin. Trong :
+ Cy lng thc 1,2 triu ha (14,0% din tch t nng nghip c
nc), SLLT 7,20 triu tn (16,65% c nc); t trng la l 1,15 triu ha
(15,6% c nc), sn lng l 6,77 triu tn (17,5% c nc). Cy hoa mu
ch chim 5% ch yu l ng (din tch 91.600 ha, sn lng 404,1 ngn
tn), cn li l khoai, sn trn cc vng t bi ven sng hoc vng t cao
lun canh vi cc cy ngn ngy khc.
+ Cy cng nghip hng nm nhiu nht l ay (55,1%) v ci
(41,28%) c nc. Ngoi ra cn c tng, lc, ma, thuc l, du tm,.v.v.

+ B sng Hng c nhng vng thm canh, chuyn canh rau qu xut
khu ln nht c nc trong v ng-Xun (y l th mnh c o ca
vng vi 3 thng ma ng lnh), phn b tp trung hu ht cc tnh trong
vng. Din tch rau u cc loi khong trn 80,0 vn ha. V chn nui, n
ln gn vi vng sn xut lng thc .
+ Chn nui: n ln 6,79 triu con (2008) chim 25,4% c nc; gia
cm trn 66,52 triu con (26,90%); n tru c xu hng gim (1985 l
330,0 ngn con, 2008 cn 107,5 ngn con); n b tng t 176,0 ngn ln
702,6 ngn con, b sa pht trin mnh ngoi thnh H Ni; chn nui g
cng nghip ang pht trin mnh di hnh thc trang tri.
- V cng nghip: l vng cng nghip pht trin vo loi sm nht
nc ta, tp trung nhiu x nghip CN hng u c nc. Nhng ngnh quan
trng, chim t trng cao trong c cu GDP l CNCB' LT-TP (20,9%), CN
nh (dt, may, da) 19,3%, cng nghip SXVLXD (17,9%), c kh (thit b
my mc, in t, in) 15,6%, Ha cht - phn bn - cao su (8,1%). Sn
phm cng nghip cung cp cho nhu cu ca vng, cho cc tnh pha Bc v
c nc. Mt s khu, cm cng nghip c hnh thnh c ngha ln i
vi s pht trin KT - XH ca vng nh H Ni, Hi Phng, Hi Dng,
Bc Ninh, Vnh Phc hay khu cng ngh cao Ha Lc - Xun Mai.
Cc KCN c quyt nh thnh lp B sng Hng n thng
11/2003: H Ni (KCN i T, KCN Si ng B, KCN Daewoo-Hanel,
KCN Bc Thng Long), Hi Phng (KCN Nomura, KCN nh V, KCN
Hi Phng 96), Hi Dng (KCN i An v KCN Phc in), Hng Yn
(KCN Ph Ni), H Ty (KCN Bc Ph Ct), Bc Ninh (KCN Tin Sn,
KCN Qu V), Vnh Phc (KCN Kim Hoa) v Thi Bnh (KCN Phc
Khnh)

- Cc ngnh dch v, thng mi thc cht mi ang pht trin.

+ V GTVT, vng c nhiu u mi quan trng ni vi cc tnh pha
Bc v pha Nam. L ca khu quc t hng u ca c nc (sn bay Ni
Bi, cng bin Hi Phng). Mt ng t 1,18 km/km 2 (c nc 0,55
km/km2), ng st 29 km/100 km2 (c nc 0,8 km/100 km2), ng sng
c gi tr vn ti 2.046 km. Hng ha vn chuyn v lun chuyn (33,0 % v
36,01% c nc); Hnh khch vn chuyn v lun chuyn (32,15% v 17,10
% ca c nc).
+ L trung tm thng mi ln ca c nc, vng m nhn phn
phi hng ha cho cc tnh pha Bc v ven bin min Trung. Tng mc bn
l chim 26% c nc. L trung tm ti chnh, ngn hng, X - NK, du lch,
thng tin, t vn, chuyn giao cng ngh ln ca c nc. L vng ni tri
hn hn cc vng khc v dch v bu in v kinh doanh tin t (tn dng,
ngn hng, bo him, kho bc, x s). V dch v bu in, th trn 70% l
cung cp cho ngoi vng.
- C cu kinh t ca vng ang c s chuyn dch theo hng tng t
trng ca khu vc CN - XD v dch v, gim t trng ca khu vc N - L - N.
Trong ni b ca tng ngnh cng c s chuyn dch theo hng CNH' v
HH'.
4. B khung lnh th ca vng
4.1. H thng th
L vng pht trin sm nn c mng li th kh dy c; nm
2008 vng c 2 th loi 1; 9 thnh ph trc thuc tnh; 4 th x, khong
cch gia cc th ny ch vi chc km; 16 qun; 111 th trn (khong cch

dao ng 15 20 km) iu ny rt thun li cho vic trao ng thng tin L - hng ha gia cc khu vc vi nhau.
- Cc th ln ca vng:
+ Pha ty bc ca vng c H Ni, bn cnh l cc th v tinh
nh pha bc c sn bay quc t Ni Bi; P.Ty Bc c Ha Lc. Ngoi
ra, cn c cc TX, th trn nh Vnh Yn, Bc Ninh, Xun Mai,.v.v.
+ Pha ng ca vng c TP Hi Phng l trung tm ln, c sn bay
quc t cng tn, bn cnh Hi Phng c Hi Dng, Hng Yn trn QL5,
QL 39, QL18...
+ Pha nam c TP Nam nh cng vi cm th k bn nh TX
Tam ip, TX Ninh Bnh, TX Ph L, TX Thi Bnh, cng hng lot cc th
trn dc theo QL 10 v QL 1A.
4.2. H thng trc tuyn giao thng
H thng ng st u qui t H Ni, chim khong 1/3 tng
chiu di c nc. Quan trng nht l ng st Xuyn Vit. on H Ni ng ng; on H Ni - ng Giao di 134 km, c 17 ga, i qua va la
ln ca vng, qua cc TP, TX quan trng (Ph L, Nam nh, Ninh Bnh)
lu lng hng ha v hnh khch qua li rt ln. Tuyn H Ni - Hi
Phng (102 km), chy song song vi QL5 l ca ng X - NK ln nht ca
min Bc, tuyn ny hp vi H Ni - Lo Cai to thnh tuyn Hi Phng Cn Minh xuyn dc thung lng S.Hng, i qua cc vng giu ti nguyn
khong sn, cy cng nghip, cc TTCN ln. y s l tuyn huyt mch
trong h thng ng st ca vng.
Mng li ng t cng u qui t v trung tm H Ni v ta i
cc hng vi cc trc chy song song vi h thng ng st, hoc men

theo ng b bin. C mng li v phng tin VT u chim t trng ln

nht c nc; Khong cch mi u mt cch trung tm khng qu 400km.
Cc tuyn quan trng: QL1A t Bc Ninh - H Ni - Ninh Bnh; QL5 (H
Ni - Hi Phng); QL6 (H Ni - H ng - Ty Bc); QL10 chy song
song vi cnh y ca chu th (Hi Phng - Thi Bnh - Nam nh);
ng 17 (Hi Dng - Ninh Giang); ng 39 (Thi Bnh - Hng Yn;
ng 39B (Ch Go, TX Hng Yn - Hi Dng),.v.v.
Mng li ng sng gn nh u i qua cc TP ln t duyn hi
ln TD - MN nh: Hi Phng, Nam nh, H Ni, Vit Tr, Thi Nguyn,
Bc Giang..., mm nc su (v d, ca Nam Triu c ch su trn 9 m, n
Vit Tr cn 2,5 m), hng ha theo ng sng c th n nhiu vng lnh
th khc nhau.
Cc lung ch khch: H Ni - Thi Bnh (118km), bn chnh
Hng Yn (cch H Ni 75km), Nam nh (108km). Hi Dng - Ch (93
km), bn chnh Ph Li (28 km), Lc Nam (61 km) v Ch. Sn Ty - Ch
B (113 km), bn chnh Vit Tr, Ha Bnh, Ch B. Hi Phng - Bc Giang
(107 km), cc bn ng Triu, Ch Linh, Ph Li, Bc Giang. Hi Phng Cm Ph (90 km) - Mng Ci (196 km), 3/5 chiu di i ven bin, cc bn
Qung Yn, Ct Hi, Hn Gai, Cm Ph Mi ngc, Mng Ci. Hi Phng Nam nh (153 km) t S.Cm sang S.Luc v S.Hng n Bn L (Tin L
- Hng Yn) tch 2 lung: lung Hng Yn-Dc L (140 km), lung Hng
Yn-Nam nh (153 km).
Cc lung ch hng ha: Hi Phng - Vit Tr (300 km): than, phn
bn, VLXD, LT-TP. Hi Phng - Bc Giang - Thi Nguyn (217km): xi
mng, st thp, sn phm cng nghip tiu dng. Hi Phng - Hn Gai Cm Ph - Mng Ci (196 km): than, xi mng, LT-TP. Vn L - Ninh C -

Nam nh: mui, lng thc... H Ni - Vit Tr - Ha Bnh (N - L, cng

ngh, vt liu, LT-TP...)
Cc cng bin: Trong vng c nhng cng quan trng: Hi Phng,
Ca Lc, Ca ng, Hn Gai. Quan trng nht l cng Hi Phng, cng nm
bn b S.Cm, thng vi S.Bch ng i ra ca Nam Triu, mm nc
trn 7 m, tu 1,0 vn tn ra vo thun li, l u mi ni vi H Ni bng
nhiu tuyn ng st, b, sng, hng khng, ng. Cng c th tip nhn >
2,0 triu tn hng/nm. T cng ny xut ra ngoi (qung kim loi, nng sn,
lm sn, hng cng ngh...), nhp vo (nhin liu lng, thit b my mc,
HTD, LT-TP, phng tin vn ti)
ng hng khng: trong vng c 2 sn bay quc t Ni Bi, Ct
Bi vi nhiu tuyn ng bay trong v ngoi nc (sn bay Ni Bi c
trang b k thut rt hin i).
5. nh hng pht trin
5.1. nh hng chung
Theo Q ca Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt Qui hoch tng th
kinh t - x hi ca vng n 2010 xc nh: "ng bng sng Hng c
v tr trung tm giao lu gia cc vng ng Bc - Ty Bc - Trung du Bc
B - Bc Trung B; L ca ng thng thng ng bin v hng khng
ca cc tnh min Bc; C th H Ni trung tm chnh tr, kinh t, vn
ha, khoa hc k thut, thng mi ca c nc". thc hin chc nng
, nh hng chnh l xy dng vng tr thnh vng ng lc pht trin
cng nghip v nng nghip ca c nc.
- Tc tng trng GDP phi cao hn mc TB ca c nc 1,2 - 1,3
ln; NSL (2010) phi tng 8 - 9 ln so vi 1996; GDP/ngi l 1.400

USD; Chuyn dch c cu theo hng tng CN-XD v dch v, gim N-L-N.
n 2010, dch v l (50%), CN-XD (43%), N-L-N (7%). Tip tc h thp t
l GTDS cn i vi tc pht trin kinh t; C bin php hu hiu
nhm phn b li dn c, gii quyt vic lm; Khi phc, m rng cc
ngnh ngh ti cc a phng, pht trin kinh t h gia nh to ra nhiu
vic lm mi. Xy dng c cu kinh t theo hng CNH' v HH' nhm
khai thc tt hn tim nng v ngun lc, nht l ngun lc con ngi {th
mnh ny th hin: cn b khoa hc cng ngh (57% c nc), trn H
(52%), i hc (56%), th bc cao (57,2%), s trng C-H (64%) ca c
nc...} y nhanh tc tng trng kinh t.
- i vi cng nghip: cn i mi k thut - cng ngh theo hng
hin i nhng khu quan trng v cn thit nng cao cht lng, to
sc cnh tranh vi th trng (trong v ngoi nc). u t mnh vo nhng
ngnh trng im (in, in t, tin hc, vin thng), nhng sn phm c
ngha quc gia nh c kh ch to, my mc, ng c in, izen, my ct
gt kim loi, my hn, my cng c... Nhng sn phm cng nghip chim
u th trn c nc l: ng c in (98,3%), my cng c (66%), pin tiu
chun (61,4%), sn ha hc (46,6%), xi mng (36,2%) c nc. Ngoi ra,
da vo th mnh ca mi tnh, c th pht trin cc ngnh phc v cho nhu
cu tiu dng ti ch. u t mnh vo vng KTTPB', pht trin cng
nghip dc QL5, QL18; Hnh thnh cm cng nghip, VH, KH, du lch
pha ty H Ni, hon thin CSHT th.
- Trong nng nghip: phi s dng tit kim t, thc hin thm canh,
tng v, tng h s s dng t; pht trin lng thc mc ti a (m bo
an ton lng thc quc gia); Tng nhanh n ln v cc vng chuyn canh
rau qu; M rng c mc cc cy ay, ci, ma, u tng, pht trin cy

du tm; Trng v bo v rng phng h kt hp ly g ci. Ch t chc

tt khu CB' nng sn v th trng tiu th (hng mnh vo th trng
ngoi nc); Khai thc c hiu qu 1,0 vn ha mt nc cha c s dng
v vng nc l - mn ven bin t Hi Phng - Ninh Bnh pht trin ngh
nui trng thy, hi sn nh c, tm, rong cu,v.v. y mnh vic nh bt
xa b tng ngun thc phm phc v nhu cu trong vng v xut khu.
5.2. V khng gian lnh th: hnh thnh 3 cm th gn vi pht trin
cng nghip, dch v.
Cm pha Ty Bc - trung tm chnh l H Ni.
Theo qui hoch ca Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt: H Ni l TT
KT, CT, VH, KH-KT, GD - T, YT ln ca c nc. Din tch t nhin ca
H Ni (2006) l 92.200 ha, dn s l 3,21 triu ngi. Din tch ni thnh
s m rng t 8.300 ha ln 15.000 ha, dn s s tng t 1,3 triu ln 1,7 - 2,0
triu ngi (2010). Thnh ph pht trin theo trc l chnh, dng hnh sao,
xen k cy xanh, h nc kt hp vi sng i su vo trung tm, to nn
cnh quan mi trng xanh - sch. H Ni c nhim v cung cp i ng lao
ng c trnh khoa hc k thut cng ngh, thng tin; kinh nghim
qun l, kinh doanh, chuyn giao cng ngh tin tin cho cc tnh (c bit
l pha bc).
[Thng 08/2008 ton b din tch ca tnh H Ty (219.800 ha), H.M Linh
(Vnh Phc) v 4 x (ng Xun, Tin Xun, Yn Bnh, Trung Yn (H.Lng
Sn, Ho Bnh) nhp vo H Ni, nh vy din tch ca H Ni tng ln
334.470,02 ha vi s dn l 6,1 triu ngi. Thng 12/2008, TP H ng
tr thnh Q.H ng].
Cc thnh ph v tinh ca H Ni s l:

- Ni Bi, th v tinh P.Bc vi sn bay cng tn. Cc KCNTT s

hnh thnh l Sc Sn - ng Anh, din tch ~ 3.000 ha, dn s 15,0 vn 25,0 vn.
- Ha Lc l th v tinh P.Ty Bc, y s hnh thnh "lng khoa
hc", cc KCN tp trung l Sn Ty - Xun Mai; khu du lch ng M Ngi Sn, Sui hai, Ao vua. Din tch 3.500 - 4.000 ha, dn s 30,0 - 50,0
vn ngi.
- Ngoi ra, mt s th s c nng cp, hoc xy dng mi cng
vi cc KCN s c hnh thnh theo n nh TX Sn Ty, TX Xun Mai,
TX Vnh Yn nm trn trc QL 21A ko di; TP Bc Ninh trn QL 1A, Th
trn ng Anh trn QL 3. Cc TX, th trn ny s cung cp ngun nhn lc
cho cc KCN s hnh thnh ti y.
Cm pha ng vi trung tm TP Hi Phng.
Hi Phng s gi vai tr u mi giao lu lin vng, ca ng m ra
bin vi quc t ca vng v cc tnh pha Bc. Thnh ph pht trin da
vo li th v GTVT bin, cng nghip cng, hng hi v dch v cng.
Thnh ph s m rng theo cc hng chnh: Hng nam - ng nam theo
QL14 ra pha Sn. Pha bc s hnh thnh khu ph mi pha bc
S.Cm (thuc Tn Dng, V Yn ca H.Thy Nguyn), tip tc m rng
v pha ty dc QL5 to thnh cc th v tinh Vt Cch, An Hi. Cn
trung tm thnh ph s c m rng thm v pha Kin An, nh V. Qui
m dn s (2010) s l 75,0 vn-1,0 triu ngi.
Ngoi ra, TP Hi Dng v TX Hng Yn cng c m rng v
pht trin tr thnh thnh ph v tinh, gi vai tr nng ct ca tiu khu vc.
Cm th pha Nam vi trung tm l TP Nam nh.

- TP Nam nh s pht trin thnh TP CN nh v CNCB'.

- TX Tam ip s c m rng vi din tch 1.000 ha v dn s 20,0
vn ngi. Cc ngnh CN s u t pht trin l xi mng v VLXD da vo
th mnh v ngun vi ti ch.
- TX Ninh Bnh s pht trin thnh th du lch, v CNCB' nng sn.
Qui m cng m rng 1.000 ha vi s dn 20,0 vn ngi.
- TX Ph L s pht trin thnh th v tinh ca H Ni pha Nam.
Ti y s nng cp QL 21A ni vi QL6 Xun Mai i Ty Bc. Nh vy
Ph L s l ca ng ra bin ca Ty Bc v c ng Bc ca Lo. Theo qui
hoch, din tch l 1.000 ha, dn s 20,0 vn ngi.
- TX Thi Bnh v h thng cc th dc QL10 s u t pht trin
cc im cng nghip tiu th cng nghip v cng nghip ch bin nng hi sn.
Trn y l mt s nh gi khi qut v th mnh v v tr a l, ti
nguyn thin nhin, kinh t - x hi ca vng BSH, hin trng pht trin v
nhng nh hng trong tng lai ca vng. Nhng kin thc trn s gip
ch cho gio vin ging dy v vic n tp ca hc sinh.
Nguyn Th Thanh Hi Trung tm GDTX Tnh