This document summarizes the key components of ports and harbors, including breakwaters that protect harbors from waves, harbors that provide safe areas for ships to transfer cargo and passengers, and berth structures like quays, jetties, and dolphins where ships can dock. The components also include entrances, navigation channels, turning areas, anchorage areas for waiting ships, and land areas for cargo loading, unloading, sorting, and temporary storage.
This document summarizes the key components of ports and harbors, including breakwaters that protect harbors from waves, harbors that provide safe areas for ships to transfer cargo and passengers, and berth structures like quays, jetties, and dolphins where ships can dock. The components also include entrances, navigation channels, turning areas, anchorage areas for waiting ships, and land areas for cargo loading, unloading, sorting, and temporary storage.
This document summarizes the key components of ports and harbors, including breakwaters that protect harbors from waves, harbors that provide safe areas for ships to transfer cargo and passengers, and berth structures like quays, jetties, and dolphins where ships can dock. The components also include entrances, navigation channels, turning areas, anchorage areas for waiting ships, and land areas for cargo loading, unloading, sorting, and temporary storage.
A port is composed optionally the following components, 1. Breakwater: A rubble mound or vertical structure to protect the harbor from wave attacks. 2. Harbor: A protected water area which provides safe and suitable accommodation for ships to transfer cargo and passenger, to be refueled and repaired. A harbor includes Entrance. Navigation channel. Turning area: A place where ships can turn. Anchorage area: A place where ships wait for their turn at berth or for more favorable weather conditions. Berthing area A place where ships berth for loading and unloading operations. 3. Berth structure and land area. Berth structure A structure built to berth ships for loading and unloading operations. It includes mooring equipment such as f enders and bollards. Apron An area between the berth line and the yard for loading and unloading of cargo. Yard A storage area where cargo is sorted and stored temporarily. Berth structures can be divided into: Quay or wharf A berth structure which is parallel to the shore. Jetty or pier A berth structure which projects into the water from the shore. Dolphin A berth structure isolated on open sea for mooring and berthing the ship. 4. Outside harbor Navigation channel, anchorage area, dolphin and shore protection.