LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED

Galaxy

SERVICE MANUAL

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED

Galaxy
Multiparameter Monitor with user
selectable external display

SERVICE MANUAL
i

Document Information
CAT No. 3-90-080-0014-58
November 2005 Rev.1
Copy right
This service manual is a sole property of Larsen & Toubro Limited and published for
limited circulation only.
This manual or any part of it should not be reproduced without prior and written
permission from Larsen & Toubro Limited.

Contact for any document related information

Training & Documentation Cell
Medical Equipment & Systems
Larsen & Toubro Limited
KIADB industrial area
Hebbal - Hootagalli
Mysore - 570018
Karnataka (India)
Tel : (91) 0821 - 2403750
Fax: (91) 0821 - 2403749

Contact for any service related information

Customercare@myw.ltindia.com

ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
About This Manual

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1.

Introduction .
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1.1. Audience
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1.2. About The System
1.3. System Software

2.

Safety .
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2.1. Electrical Safety
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2.1.1. Warning
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2.1.2. Caution
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2.2. Equipment Safety .
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2.3. ESD Protection
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2.3.1. ESD Protection Materials
2.3.2. Methods of Protection
2.3.3. Methods of Elimination

3.

System Architecture .
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3.1. System Description .
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3.1.1. Main Board .
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3.1.2. Amplifier Module
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3.1.3. NIBP Module .
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3.1.4. SpO2 Module .
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3.1.5. CO2 Module
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3.1.6. AGM Module
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3.1.7. Switch Mode Power Supply .
3.1.8. Keyboard And Optical Encoder
3.1.9. Display unit. .
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3.1.10 Accessories .
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3.2. System Controls
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3.2.1. Galaxy with CO2-Front view .
3.2.2. Galaxy with AGM-Front view
3.2.3. Rear Panel .
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3.3. Interconnection Diagram .
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3.4. Signal Flow
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3.5. System Specification
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3.5.1. Equipment Classification .
3.5.2. Power Supply
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3.5.3. Outputs
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3.5.4. Recorder
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3.5.5. General
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3.5.6. Standards
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3.5.7. ECG Standards
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3.6.

Battery Requirement
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3.6.1. Battery Specification.
3.6.2. Characteristics
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4.

Getting Started
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4.1. Input Mains Details .
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4.1.1. Power Supply
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4.1.2. Power Rating
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4.2. Installation Site Requirements
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4.2.1. Ventilation
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4.2.2. Placement .
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4.3. Unpacking & Installation Instructions
4.4. Turning the System ON and OFF. .
4.5. Turning the CO2 or AGM ON and OFF.
4.6. Battery Charging & Checking
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5.

Circuit Theory
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5.1. Main Board .
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5.1.1. Microcontroller
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5.1.2. Address Decoding .
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5.1.3. Serial Port Controller
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5.1.4. Display Controller .
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5.1.5. Speaker Circuit
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5.1.6. Skyline Interface
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5.1.7. Keyboard & Module Buffers.
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5.2. ECG Amplifier Module - Star
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5.2.1. Amplifier PWA
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5.2.2. Power Supply Section
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5.2.3. ECG Amplifier Section
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Fault Detection
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CAL Pulse Generation .
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Lead Selection
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3 Lead /5 Lead Sensing Circuit .
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Amplifier Stage .
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5.2.4. Analog MUX, ADC, Gain Selection Section
5.2.5 Invasive Blood Pressure & Temperature Section
5.2.6. Respiration Section .
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5.2.7. Processor Section .
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5.3
ECG Amplifier Module - AAMI
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5.3.1. Amplifier PWA
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5.3.2. Power Supply Section
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5.3.3. ECG Amplifier Section
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Fault Detection
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CAL Pulse Generation .
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Lead Selection
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3 Lead /5 Lead Sensing Circuit .
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Amplifier Stage .
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6.

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5.3.4. Analog MUX, ADC, Gain Selection Section

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5.3.5 Respiration Section .
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5.3.6 Invasive Blood Pressure and Temperature Section.
5.3.7. Processor Section .
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5.4. NIBP Module .
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5.5. SpO2 Module .
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5.5.1 MP204.
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5.5.2 MP506.
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5.6. Capnography Module
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5.6.1 CO2 Calibration
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5.7. Anaesthetic Gas Module .
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5.8. Universal Power Supply
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5.8.1. AC-DC Converter .
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Block Description .
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Protections
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5.8.2. DC-DC Converter .
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Description of Block Diagram
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5.8.3. Recorder Power Supply
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Introduction .
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Block Diagram Description
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5.9. Display
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5.10. Special Functions .
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Assembly/Disassembly
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6.1. General
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6.2. Top Cover .
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6.3. Main PWA .
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6.4. ECG Amplifier Module
6.5. SpO2 Module .
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6.6. NIBP Module .
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6.7. SMPS .
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6.8. Battery.
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6.9. Front Panel .
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6.10. Anaesthetic Gas Module.
6.11. CO2 Module. .
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6.12 Keyboard . .
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6.13. Optical Encoder
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6.14. Recorder Power Supply.

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Upgradation .
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7.1. Software for Upgradation .
7.2. To Add Dual Invasive Pressure
7.3. To Add NIBP .
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7.4. To Add SpO2 .
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Troubleshooting
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8.1. System Diagnosis .
8.2. Error Codes .
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8.3. Troubleshooting Chart
8.4. Spare Parts List
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vii

About This Manual

This service manual covers the guidelines for servicing Galaxy . This manual is for the use
by L&T service engineers or their authorized representatives only.
The scope of repairs, as described in this manual, is restricted to the replacement of
subassembly only. No component level repair is recommended under any circumstances,
unless specified otherwise. L&T shall not be responsible for consequences arising out of
such repairs.
Refer the relevant section of the operating manual for any safety related information.

Conventions Used in this Manual

Cautions are intended to alert you to the importance of following correct operating
procedures to prevent the risk of damage to the system.

Warnings are intended to alert you to the importance of following correct operating
procedures where risk of injury to the patient or system user exists.

viii

Chapter

INTRODUCTION

Read the information in this manual before attempting to service Galaxy. This manual
is for the use by L&T service engineers or their authorized representatives only.

1.1. Audience
The intended audience of this manual is trained service personnel.

1.2. About The System

Galaxy is a multiparameter monitor with external user selectable display. It offers
monitoring of nine parameters viz. ECG, Respiration, Dual Temperature, Dual Invasive
Blood Pressure, Non-Invasive Blood Pressure, Pulse Oximetry (SpO2), Anaesthetic
agents (Fi and Et), Capnography (EtCO2 and FiCO2) and N2O (Fi and Et).
Galaxy can communicate with Skyline (L&Ts Central Nursing Station) and also it has
the option for inbuilt recorder for recording real time waveform and trend with record
on alarm feature.
The basic hardware is comprised of Mainboard, power supply unit (PSU) and
parameter modules.
Main board communicates to all the modules and updates the display, resulting in
real-time monitoring of the parameters.
Main board consists of Microcontroller, RTC (Real Time Clock), EEPROM, SRAM,
Video RAM, Asynchronous Communication Elements, Display Controller, Keyboard
Interface and Skyline Interface.
Galaxy offers option for both internal as well as external Capnography module for
EtCO2 and FiCO2 detection. Modular capnometer is from BCI, USA is used for this
purpose.
Amplifier module of Galaxy is responsible for ECG, Respiration, Temperature and
Invasive BP monitoring. It comprises following sections:
ECG (3 Lead / 5 Lead)
IBP (2 Channels)
Temperature (2 Channels)
Respiration circuit
Processor
Power supply for both isolated and non-isolated sections
SpO2 module is from Nellcor Inc., USA. This module communicates with the main
board on serial protocol providing SpO2 values (PR, oxygen saturation, plethysmograph)
which will be updated on the display.
The NIBP module is from CAS medical systems,USA.This module communicates
with the main board on serial protocol providing NIBP values which will be updated on
the display.
1

Galaxy offers Anaesthetic gas monitoring (optional), AGM module is from Drager
Medical, USA. This module communicates with the main board on serial protocol
providing values , anaesthetic agents, N20 and also EtCO2 ,FiCO2.
Switch mode power supply (SMPS) of Galaxy consists of AC/DC converter, DC/DC
converter and control circuit.

1.3. System Software

Galaxy is controlled by system software. L&T medical may provide new software for
use with the unit from time to time. This can be easily changed in 2 ways by:
Main PWA software (two EEPROM chips)
&
ECG software (one EEPROM chip)
Refer SYSTEM in MENU for latest software.

Chapter

SAFETY

Read the information in this manual before attempting to service Galaxy. This chapter
explains the safety requirements with respect to servicing.

2.1. ELECTRICAL SAFETY

This equipment has been designed to meet IEC 60601-1 standards and the
corresponding national standards. Class I type of protection against electrical shocks,
degree type CF & B against electrical shocks.
2.1.1.

WARNING

Use insulated tools to adjusting controls.

To avoid the risk of electrical shock or injury, do not open the system enclosures in
power ON condition.
All internal adjustments and replacements, must be done by a qualified technician.
Do not operate the system in the presence of flammable gases, this can lead to an
explosion.
To avoid the risk of electrical shock, always disconnect the AC power adapter from
the system before cleaning the system.
To avoid the risk of electrical shock and fire hazard, inspect the AC power adapter
cord and plug on a regular basis. Ensure that they are not damaged.
To avoid the risk of electrical shock, use only properly grounded equipment. Shock
hazards exist if the AC power adapter is not properly grounded. Grounding reliability
can only be achieved when equipment is connected to a receptacle marked Hospital
Only or Hospital Grade or the equivalent. The grounding wire must not be removed
or defeated.
To avoid the risk of electrical shock, use accessories and peripherals recommended
for Galaxy.

2.1.2.
CAUTION
The following precautions can help reduce ESD :
Anti-static spray on carpets, antistatic spray on linoleum, anti-static mats and antistatic
wrist bands and proper grounding of the work area.
To avoid rise in temperature of the system, do not block the airflow to the ventilation
holes on the back of the system.

2.2. EQUIPMENT SAFETY

Read the bulleted caution list carefully in order to protect the monitor :
Excessive bending or twisting of cables can cause a failure or intermittently affect
the operation.
Take care when connecting or disconnecting cables. A damaged cable can cause
a short in the electrical circuit.
Do not plug in or remove PWA cards while the unit is in ON condition.
Improper cleaning or disinfecting any part of the system with non -recommended
solutions can cause permanent damage.
Do not use solvents such as thinner or benzene, or abrasive cleaners on any part
of the system.
Do not spill liquid on the system.
Do not handle PWAs without proper static protection. Improper handling may
damage components.
Incorrect assembly or configuration or using an improper power source may damage
the system.
Prevent damage to the connectors by aligning connector pins before you connect
the cable. Misaligned connector pins can cause damage to system components
at power-ON.

2.3. ESD PROTECTION

Electrostatic discharge is defined as the transfer of charge between bodies at
different electrical potentials. This can change the electrical characteristics of a
semiconductor device, degrading or destroying it. Electrostatic discharge can upset
the normal operation of an electronic system, causing equipment malfunction or
failure.
The damage done by ESD can cause the instant failure of the unit but, result in
performance degradation and eventually failure, after some period of apparently
normal functioning.
The unit gets damaged by the electric field radiating out from an electrostatic body.
MOS technology devices are most susceptible to voltage or electrostatic field
damage. Bipolar and TTL devices are more susceptible to current damage.

2.3.1. ESD Protection materials

Three types of materials are used to protect Components from ESD.
a) Conductive

:These are Metals, conductive plastics, conductive laminates

and metal wire impregnated bags.

b) Static dissipative :These materials provide a lower level of protection and are
made out of the same materials as the conductive protection
materials. They are thinner than the conductive materials.
c) Anti-static

: These materials include some melamine laminates,high

resistance conductive plastics,virgin cotton,wood and paper
products, and static dissipative or conductive materials of
very small thickness.

2.3.2. Methods of Protection

ESD sensitive devices may be protected by one of the following methods:
Grounding
Isolation
Neutralization
The minimum equipment to be carried to measure ESD protection in the field are:
Anti-static conductive mat and grounding cable
Wrist strap and grounding cables
Supply of protective bags and other suitable containers
Field service engineers must also wear suitable clothing and avoid handling objects
that can generate dangerous electrostatic potentials. These objects include non protective
bags, containers, beverage, food containers and furniture.

2.3.3. Methods of Elimination

Ensure there is a reliable ground point available near the work site.
Dissipate static electricity before handling any unit components (PWAs,
cards) by touching a grounded metal object. The system / unit unpainted
metal chassis is an example.
Connect your body to the ground point with a wrist strap.
Handle the PWAs & Cards using anti-static Pouches.
Do not wear clothing which generates static electric charges every time
you move.
Keep all PWA cards in anti-static envelopes.
Turn off the power and remove the power plug from all equipment before
working on it.
Always hold a card or module by its edges. Do not touch the contacts and
components on the module.

Chapter

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

3.1. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Galaxy is engineered in a view to offer continuous monitoring with ease of operation
and high quality patient safety.
It consists of following main functional groups:
Main Board
Amplifier Module
NIBP Module
SpO2 Module
CO2 Module/AGM module(optional)
Switch mode Power supply
Keyboard and Optical Encoder
Display Unit
Accessories
The unit works on AC mains and on internal battery, moreover it also has provision for
connecting external battery for operation during ambulatory conditions.The unit also
provides RS485 based signal for Central Nursing Station (Skyline)
Note

Battery does not support external monitor and hence connectivity to UPS is
recommended for Galaxy.

3.1.1. Main Board

The main board is based on AM188 micro-controller(8 Bit).
Main board consists of :
RTC(Real Time Clock) Maintains time and date.
EPROM Software is stored .
SRAM (Static RAM) Stores Temporary Data.
Video RAM Provides data for display controller.
Asynchronous Communication Elements communicates with all the modules.
Display Controller Provides interface between Video RAM and Display
module.
Keyboard Interface
Skyline Interface Communication link with Central nursing station on
RS485 protocol.
Main board communicates with all the modules and refreshes the display, resulting in
real-time monitoring of the parameters, through serial communication.
7

3.1.2. Amplifier Module

This comprises ECG, IBP, Temperature and Respiration circuit. The conditioned signal
from each section is multiplexed using analog multiplexer and converted to digital using
10 bit ADC and transferred to main board through Opto isolation.

3.1.3. NIBP Module

This module is from CAS medical systems, USA. It communicates with the Mainboard
on serial protocol providing NIBP values which are refreshed on the display.
The module also has an inbuilt calibration , over pressure protection and cuff leakage
sensing circuit to ensure patient safety.

3.1.4. SpO2 Module

This module is from Nellcor Incorporated, USA. It communicates with the Main Board
on serial protocol providing PR, SpO2 %,Plethysmograph which are refreshed on the
display.
The finger probe houses an infrared source , red LED and a photo detector. It picks up
the signal from patients body .This signal is conditioned by the Microcontroller to derive
the oxygen saturation level and pulse rate.

3.1.5. CO2 Module

The module is designed to be incorporated into a host monitoring system. The module
allows for measurement of inspired/expired carbon dioxide and respiration rate on
patients in the Operating Room, ICU, NICU, Transport and Emergency treatment. The
method for measuring CO2 is based on non-dispersive IR absorption of the CO2 in the
breath sample using the IR source.

3.1.6 AGM Module

The module is from Dragger medical ,USA.The monitor measures CO2 and volatile
anaesthetic agents (Halothane, Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, Enflurane, Desflurane, Mean
Alveollar concentration). CO2 and volatile anaesthetics absorb infrared light. By means
of a pump,a small quantity of the breathing gas is drawn through a measuring
vessel,which is penetrated by infrared light. With the aid of various filters,frequency
bands are chosen in which only one of the gases to be tested absorbs light. The visual
format of the sensor guarantees a quasi continuous measurement of all gases.
Absorption is a measurement of gas concentration in the vessel. By simultaneous
measurement of the temperature and absolute pressure in the vessel,the gas
concentration of the breathing gas can be calculated.

3.1.7. Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS)

SMPS comprises of:
AC - DC Converter
DC - DC Converter
Control circuit
The mains is supplied to the AC-DC converter,the output of which is fed to the DC-DC
converter.The output of DC-DC converter is given to all the sections of the Galaxy for
their functioning.
It has a reference amplifier which senses the battery voltage and puts the low battery
shut off logic into action whenever the battery voltage is low.

3.1.8. Keyboard & Optical Encoder

Galaxy has a keyboard with ON/OFF key and six hard keys viz Alarm ack/suspend ( ),
NIBP Start/Stop( ), IBP Zero( ), Recorder ON/OFF( ), Freeze/Defreeze( ) and
Main screen( ). for frequently used functions.
Optical encoder on the keyboard acts as a user interface for selecting various parameters
and machine settings.

3.1.9. Display Unit

Galaxy provides facilty to connect any VGA monitor, with selectable monitor size, 14,
15 or 17.

Note

The display size should be selected from the service menu. By default it is kept 15.

3.1.10. ACCESSORIES
Galaxy supports following accessories:
1) ECG : 5 Lead and 3 Lead ECG cable of Nicolay make.

Figure 3.1 : 5 Lead ECG cable

Figure 3.2 : 3 Lead ECG cable

2) Non-Invasive BP : Different sizes of NIBP cuffs for Adult,Peadiatric and Neonatal

applications with NIBP Hose.

Figure 3.4 : Adult Cuff

Figure 3.3 : NIBP Hose

Figure 3.5 : Child Cuff

Figure 3.6 : Neonate Cuff

10

3) Pulse Oximeter : DS 100 (Durasensor), DURA-Y (Universal) & FLEX - A/N from
Nellcor with Extension cable.

Figure 3.8 : FLEX - A/N

Figure 3.7 : DURA-100 Durasensor

Figure 3.9 : DURA Y

Figure 3.10 : SpO2 Extension cable

4) Temperature : YSI 400 series of temperature probes.

YSI

Rectal/Esophagel temperature probe(Adult).

YSI

RectalEsophagel temperature probe(Neonatal).

YSI

Tape-on Skin Probe.

Figure 3.11 : Temperature Probe

11

3.2. SYSTEM CONTROLS

3.2.1 Galaxy with CO2
1

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11

5 6

12

13

14

15

Figure 3.12: Front Panel of Galaxy with internal CO2

No.

Description

Function

1.

ECG Connector

For connection of 3/5 Lead ECG cable.

2.

IBP Connector

For dual IBP connections.

3.

SpO2 Connector

For connection of pulse oximetry probe.

4.

Water trap

For connection of sample line.

5.

Recorder ON/OFF

To start/stop recording on internal thermal

recorder.

6.

IBP Zero

For zeroing of the IBP transducers.

7.

NIBP Start/Stop

To start/stop the inflation of the NIBP cuff.

8.

Alarm Ack/Suspend

To acknowledge or suspend the audio alarm.

9.

Cardiac Output

10.

Temperature Connector

For connection of dual temperature probes.

11.

NIBP Connector

NIBP hose connection to the machine.

12.

Freeze/Defreeze

To freeze/defreeze waveforms on the screen.

13.

Main Screen

To come back to main screen.

14.

Multipurpose

Rotating the optical encoder in clockwise or

Optical encoder

anticockwise direction moves the cursor (high

lighted rectangular block) left or right in the

menu area of the screen.Pressing the optical
encoder selects the particular function.
15.

ON/OFF switch

Power ON/OFF switch.

12

3.2.2. Galaxy with AGM

1

10

11

5 6

12

13

7 8

14

15

Figure 3.13 : Front Panel of Galaxy with AGM

No.

Description

Function

1.

ECG Connector

For connection of 3/5 Lead ECG cable.

2.

IBP Connector

For dual IBP connections.

3.

SpO2 Connector

For connection of pulse oximetry probe.

4.

Water trap

For connection of sample line

5.

Recorder ON/OFF

To start/stop recording on internal thernal

recorder.

6.

IBP Zero

For zeroing of the IBP transducers.

7.

NIBP Start/Stop

To start/stop the inflation of the NIBP cuff.

8.

Alarm Ack/Suspend

To acknowledge or suspend the audio alarm.

9.

Cardiac Output

10.

Temperature Connector

For connection of dual temperature probes.

11.

NIBP Connector

NIBP hose connection to the machine.

12.

Freeze/Defreeze

To freeze/defreeze waveforms on the screen.

13.

Main Screen

To come back to main screen.

14

Multipurpose

Rotating the optical encoder in clockwise or

Optical encoder

anticockwise direction moves the cursor (high

lighted rectangular block) left or right in the
menu area of the screen.Pressing the optical

encoder selects the particular function.

15.

ON/OFF switch

Power ON/OFF switch.

13

3.2.3 Rear Panel

Figure 3.14: Rear Panel of Galaxy with External CO2

Figure3.15 : Rear Panel of Galaxy with internal CO2 or AGM

14

No.

Description

1.

Mains Inlet

Mains power inlet connection.

2.

VGA output

For monitor connection.

3.

Mains ON/OFF switch

Power ON/OFF switch.

4.

SYNC. output

Connection to defibrillator

5.

CNS connection

For connectivity of Galaxy to Skyline

(L&Ts Central nursing station)

6.

Ext. Battery Jack

To connect Galaxy to external 12V battery.

7.

Equipotential Ground

For external ground connectivity.

8.

CO2 Exhaust

Exhaust for CO2 during EtCO2 monitoring.

9.

Capno./AGM -ON/OFF

Switch to switch ON/OFF the internal

Capnography or AGM.

10.

Ext. Capnography

To connect External BCI capnography module for

CO2 measurement.

Note

Function

&
Galaxy comes with inbuilt or external capnography as per users requirement.
If AGM module is used then CO2 can be monitored from the AGM module.
Rear panels are unique for each combination. Refer relevant figures.

15

JP2
JP3

IBP1

IBP2

Figure3.16

16

JP1
* or
JP4

JP1
or
JP2

CN1

JP2
AC DC

DC-DC

Ext.Bat (12V)

CN3

CN4

Key
board

CN6

Recorder
Conn.

CN17

Speaker/Sync/
Skyline.

CN11

VGA O/P

BERG2

MAIN BOARD

SpO2
Module

NIBP
Module

CN5

Int. Bat (12V)

TEM P2

JP6

JP7

TEM P1

JP5

AMP.
MODULE

JP1

ECG

3.3. INTERCONNECTION DIAGRAM

3.3.1 Old Main PWA
CO2/AGM

CN2
JP3
* or
JP4

3.3. INTERCONNECTION DIAGRAM

3.3.2 New Main PWA

VGA O/P

IBP2

Figure3.17
* JP1 in High rated Power supply
JP2 in Triphase Power supply connected to CN1
* JP4 in High rated Power supply
JP1 in Triphase Power supply connected to Int.Bat.
* JP3 in High rated Power supply
JP4 in Triphase Power supply connected to Ext.Bat.
17

Int. Bat (12V)

JP1
* or
JP4

TEM P1

Temperature Card

IBP1
IBP2 AMPLIFIER
Card
MODULE

ECG

IBP1

TEM P2

JP7

JP3
* or
JP4

Ext.Bat (12V)

DC DC

JP1
or
JP2

CN2

JP2
AC DC

Speaker/Sync.

BERG2

CN1
SKYLINE
PWA

CN12

CN3
CN4

Communication

CN1

SpO2
Module

CN17

MAIN BOARD

CN6

CN5

NIBP
Module

Recorder
Conn.

Key
board

CO2/AGM

3.4. SIGNAL FLOW

Switch ON the monitor

SMPS takes input supply from mains and converts it to +/-12V and +5V. It charges
battery voltage.

Motherboard recieves +/-12V & +5V and distributes to the various modules.

Motherboard loads the system defaults and performs a self test by sensing the
connected module and popping up the respective module.

Motherboard sends the parameter settings to all the boards connected.The

data(digital values and waveforms) from all the boards is collected and displayed
according to the display format selected by the user. This data is also stored for
24hrs. trend, same data is available for outputs in RS485 protocol for serial
communication.

Motherboard monitors for fault conditions from all the modules and displays
accordingly. It compares the data to the user set limits and gives alarm whenever
limits are violated.

Power supply monitors the battery voltage, if no input supply present. It sends low
battery message for display if battery voltage level is between 11.5 to 12.5V in
High rated Power supply and it is 11.3 to 11.7V in Triphase P.S.If it is between 10.5 to
11.5V in High rated P.S. and 10.4 to 10.8V in Triphase P.S. Galaxy will be switched
off.

18

3.5. System Specifications

3.5.1. Equipment Classification
Mode of operation

: Continuous

Type of protection against

electric shocks

: Class I

Degree of protection against

and electric shock

: Type CF-ECG, IBP1, IBP2, T1, T2,CO

and Respiration
Type BF-NIBP,Recorder and CO2
Type B - SpO2

Degree of protection against

ingress of liquids

Drip proof

3.5.2. Power Supply

Voltage

: 95 - 265V AC, 50 / 60Hz (+/- 5%)

Fuse

: 3.15A

Battery :
Internal

: 6V, 4A hr Lead Acid sealed (Qty2)

External

: 12V, 2A (min)

Power supply by SMPS

: +5V, +/-12V

Power supply of :
Main Board

: +/-12V , +5V

Amplifier Module

: +5 V

NIBP Module

: +12 V

SpO2 Module(MP204)

: +/-12 V

SpO2 Module(MP506)

: +5V

CO2 Module/AGM module

: +12 V

19

3.5.3. OUTPUTS
SYNC

1Vp-p ECG signal for sync defibrillator.

CNS interface

Type A USB connector for communication

with skyline(L&Ts central nursing station)

VGA output

15 pin high density D sub type connector

for VGA output (640 by 480 pixel).

CO2/AGM

(Optional)

Recorder Make

MEK - MMP - 001

Printing method

Thermal recording

Dot Density

203 DPI

Paper Width

58mm

Printing Width

48mm

Speed

25mm/sec

3.5.4. RECORDER

3.5.5. GENERAL
Dimension (H x W x D)

: 100*350*300 mm

Weight

: 9Kgs.

Operating Temperature

: 0 - 40o C.

Operating Humidity

: 10 to 90% RH (Non-condensing).

Storage Temperature

: -10 to 50o C.

Storage Humidity

: 0 to 90% RH (Non-condensing).

Operating Pressure

: 500 to 795 mmHg.

Storage Pressure

: 500 to 795 mmHg.

3.5.6. Standards
Class 1, Type CF equipment requirement of IEC 60601-1.
EMI/EMC requirement as per IEC 60601-1-2.

20

3.5.7. ECG Standards (AAMI)

Meets the performance standards of ANSI/AAMI EC 13-2002. Instead of 1mV
standardizing voltage(section 4.2.9.9) a fixed, 1cm reference bar is always present
in the ECG display, along with the ECG size setting expressed in mm/mV. The following information references particular sections of ANSI/AAMI EC13-2002.
Respiration, leads off sensing waveform. AAMI 4.1.2.1 (b)
A 50kHz square wave is used to inject <300A p-p differently between RA and LA.
Tall T-wave rejection capability. AAMI 4.1.2.1 (c)
T-wave upto 1.2 mV amplitude will not affect heart rate determination.
Pacemaker pulse rejection. AAMI 4.1.4/4.1.4.1/4.1.4.2
Monitor will display fixed amplitude square pulses and HR - - for all single and
double pacemaker pulses either 150 or 250 msec apart in the following range of
width and amplitude.
Pacer pulse width
2msec
0.1msec

Pacer Amplitude
2mV to 50mV
2mV to 50mV

Pacer pulse detector disabling AAMI 4.1.4.5

Galaxy allows the user to enable or disable the pacer pulse detection.

21

3.6. Battery Requirement

Figure 3.18.
3.6.1. Battery Specification
Nominal Voltage

6V Lead Acid battery (2 batteries

connected in series)

Rated Capacity

4 Ah

Dimensions*

2.28 x 3.82 x 1.69 inches

Weight*

1.30lbs (590g)

3.6.2. Characteristics
Capacity
77oF (25oC)
5 hour rate
1 hour rate
15 minute Rate

20 hour rate (60mA)

10 hour rate (110mA)
(200mA)
(700mA)

1.2Ah
1.1Ah
1.0Ah
0.7Ah
0.45Ah

Internal resistance full charged battery 77oF(25oF) 68m

Capacity
affected
by temperature
(20 hour rate)

104oF(40oC)
77oF(25oC)
32oF(0oC)
5oF(-15oC)

Self Discharge
77oF (25oC)

Capacity after 3 months storage 90%

Capacity after 6 months storage 80%

* Height includes battery terminals.

22

102%
100%
85%
65%

Chapter

GETTING STARTED

Adhere to the installation requirements for the proper functioning of Galaxy.

4.1. INPUT MAINS DETAILS

4.1.1. Power Supply
Voltage on Mains /Generator :
For 220-240V system:
LINE - NEUTRAL: 230V +/- 5%, 50 Hz +/- 2Hz
NEUTRAL-EARTH: <2V
EARTH-LINE : 230V +/- 5%
Phase: Single plug point: 2numbers 5A
3 Pin socket with switch
For 110V system:
LINE - NEUTRAL: 110V
NEUTRAL-EARTH: <2V
EARTH-LINE : 110V
4.1.2. Power rating
40 Watts for Triphase Power supply.
70Watts for High rated Powersupply.
If Power Supply conditions are not stable we recommend use of :
Types : CVT, Servo , UPS.
Input Voltage: 180 -270 V AC.
Output Voltage: 230V +/- 5%
Power capacity: 0.5kVA.

4.2. INSTALLATION SITE REQUIREMENTS

4.2.1.Ventilation
To ensure a long life, have a dust free and properly ventilated area.
Keep ambient temperature <35C and relative humidity in the range of 10 to 85%(Non
condensing).
4.2.2. Placement
Galaxy can be placed on a table, trolley or stand.
Do not place the equipment in an enclosed area that could restrict heat dissipation
from the front or rear of the unit.
23

4.3. UNPACKING & INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS.

The Galaxy that you will recieve will be in properly packed box to ensure safety during
transport. Please read the following carefully to avoid surplus situations:

Read the instructions on the box carefully.

Verify the packing list.

Unpack the box and remove the unit carefully.

Check for any mechanical damage to the unit.

Check for the proper mains condition (Refer section 4.1)

Check the power cord you are going to connect to the Galaxy.

Connect the display to the Galaxy.

Check and connect the power cord to the display.

Connect the unit to the mains and switch it ON.

Clear the trend.

Keep the unit ON for 12hours to charge the battery.

Caution
Do not install the unit if it is found mechanically damaged.

4.4. Turning the system ON and OFF

To turn power ON:
1. Locate the Mains Power switch on the rear panel of the unit and switch it ON.
2.Press the power ON/OFF switch on the front panel of the Galaxy to switch ON the
monitor.
To turn power OFF:
1.Press the power ON/OFF switch on the front panel of the Galaxy to switch OFF the
monitor.
2.Switch OFF the mains Power switch on the rear panel.

4.5. Turning the CO2/AGM ON and OFF

To turn power ON:
1. Locate the CO2/AGM Power switch on the rear panel of the unit and switch it ON.
2. Locate the Mains Power switch on the rear panel of the unit and switch it ON.
3.Press the power ON/OFF switch on the front panel of the Galaxy to switch ON the
monitor.

24

To turn power OFF:

1. Press the power ON/OFF switch on the front panel of the Galaxy to switch OFF the
monitor.
2. Switch OFF the CO2/AGM switch.

4.6. Battery Charging & Checking

Galaxy has 6V Lead Acid battery (2 batteries connected in series) Figure 3.18, Battery
specifications on page 21.
Battery charging time :
The battery charges when the system is using AC power. If the system is OFF and
connected to AC power with the Mains ON/OFF switch in ON position, a fully discharged
battery charges in 12 hours.
Operation :
Backup time of 55-60 minutes is available with fully charged battery and with 2minutes on
NIBP timer and recorder ON for 8 seconds.
Checking the battery:
Switch OFF the Mains power switch on the rear panel and switch ON the power switch on
the front panel . Unit is working on battery, if orange LED glows and monitor switches ON.

25

26

Chapter

CIRCUIT THEORY

5.1. MAIN BOARD

5.1.1. Microcontroller
The main board uses Micro-controller AM188EM. It has 20 address lines A0 to A19
and 8 data lines D0 to D7. One of the features of the micro controller is that it does
not require ALE (Address Latch Enable), both Address and Data lines are separate
lines from the controller. It also has status signal S0, S1 and S2 along with 3
programmable 16-bit timers. The power on reset comes from the IC U11. There are
2 signals RESLOW AND RESHIGH coming from this IC U11 ADM699. The Microcontroller gets its clock from the crystal X1 to the pins 13 and 14, named XTAL1 and
XTAL2 respectively. The clock frequency is 36.86 MHz.
The 5 maskable interrupts, INT 0 to 4, of the Micro-controller are used along with 1
Non-maskable interrupt (TRAP). The controller handles different module interrupts in
programmed priority levels. The modules include ECG, SpO2, NIBP, CO2 and the 5th
one is the keyboard interrupt. The Serial Port Controllers U221 (TL16C554) and U22
(TL16C552) generate the maskable interrupts. The TIMER1 is used for generating
clock of 2.5ms for refreshing the screen. The controller also has a built in serial port,
which is used for the CNS communication. Two EEPROMs U5 (29F040) and U6
(29F010), SRAM U8 (TC551001) and NVRAM U9 (BQ4842YMA 85) are controlled
by the controller. The display information is written into the Video RAM U15 (1M16E5).
5.1.2. Address decoding
The Micro-controller can address 1 MB of memory space (220 address lines). Different
select signals are generated using the PAL IC U4 (22V10). The PAL decodes the
memory-based selections. The I/O based selections are done through the IC U3
(74HC 138). The 3-to-8 decoder gets its selection through the signals A4, A5, A6 and
uses the enable signals A7, IOCS. The clock for the display controller SED 1355 is
given from the microcontroller (Pin-LCDCLOCK).
5.1.3. Serial port controller
The Serial communication is achieved using IC TL16CC554 U21 (4 serial ports) and
IC TL16C552 U22 (2 serial ports, 1 parallel port) . Each port has signals TxD, RxD, INT
and CS. TxD is the transmit signal and RxD is the receive signal. INT signals come
when some data is received and the receive buffer is filled. CS signal is the chip
select signal to select a particular port, which is given by the Micro-controller. The
modules, which use these serial ports, are ECG, SPO2, NIBP, CO and Recorder. The
2
parallel port of U22 is used for the printer communication. The recorder data is sent to
the controller as and when the recorder is initiated.

27

5.1.4. Display controller

The display section is mainly controlled by the IC U13 (SED 1355). It has 16 Address
lines and 16 Data lines. The display controller uses U14, U10 and U38 3 state octal
buffers for the TFT output. The controller accesses the Video-RAM U15 for the video
data. The Video-RAM is refreshed by the Micro-controller every 2.5msec. SED1355
also parallely provides output for CRT display which is used in case of Galaxy. (TFT
output from controller is not used).
5.1.5. Speaker circuit
The speaker circuit gets its input from X5, which is the output of the DAC U25 (MAX503).
It has 8 data bit and a Vout, which is connected to a Multiplexer U26 (74HC4051). U26
gets its select signals from SEL0, SEL1 and SEL2. The DC voltage accumulated in
the capacitor C31 acts as the VDD for the MOSFET Q4 (zvn2106). The TUNE signal
controls the gate of the MOSFET, whose modulation changes the tone.
5.1.6. Skyline interface
The Micro-controller has a built-in serial port. This is used for the Skyline communication.
MAX3157 is used to transmit and receive the signals to Skyline. Pin 2 & 3 of U41
(MAX3157) is the SOLRECEN signal sent by the Micro-controller to enable receive
and transmit data. The output of U41 then directly goes to the connector on rear of the
chassis.
Note

& Skyline PWA is an Add-on card in New Main PWA .

28

Figure 5.1 Old Main PWA

Skyline PWA

Figure 5.2 New Main PWA

29

5.1.7. Keyboard & Module Buffers

The buffer U31(IC 74HC541) is used to scan for the keyboard data. The chipselect signal KEYCS and IOR for IC U31 comes from U3 (74HC138) and PAL
U4 (22V10).
The Controller reads the buffer U30 (74HC5441) to sense the connectivity of the modules.
The select signals for this IC are BUFCS abd IOR, which come from U3 and U4 respectively.

Select
signals

Serial I/P
from
modules

SERIAL PORT
CONTROLLER

Read serial
port &
interrupt

MICRO
CONTROLLER
AM188EM

SKYLINE PORT

EEPROM
Writing to
Video RAM

Parallel
Port to
Printer

PAL/
DECODER

Every
2.5msec
RAM

VIDEO RAM
64K
Readingfrom
to
Reading
Video RAM

KEYBOARD/
SENSE
BUFFER

DISPLAY
CONTROLLER

DAC/
MULTIPLEXER
To chassis
(Skyline)

To TFT
Display

ANALOG
BUFFERIN
G O/P

To chassis

30

Figure 5.3 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MAIN BOARD

31

SPK/
Skyline

Power
Supply

Parallel
Port O/P

D0-D7

Microprocessor
Chip select logic

Parallel/
Serial
Port

LCD
Board

SpO2
NIBP

DAC
O/P

ECG/IBP
Board

Signal
Filtering

Analog
Buffer
Output

Chip Select

Memory

D0-D7

A0-A19

CO2 / AGM

Chip Select

D0-D7

A0-A19

Serial Port / DAC

CONNECTORS

ECG/SpO2/
NIBP
Interrupts

K/B

Keyboard
Polling

D0-D7

EMI
Filters

Display
Controller

Decoupling
Capacitors

Decoup
CAP for VCC

5.2. ECG AMPLIFIER MODULE - Star

5.2.1. The Amplifier PWA consists of

3 Lead / 5 Lead ECG Amplifier,

Invasive Blood pressure (2 channels),
Respiration,
Temperature (2 channels),
Processor and
Power supply isolation section.

5.2.2. Power supply Section

+5V from Main Board is chopped by IC 555 Timer (U44) and fed to the transformer for
isolation. +5V & -5V are generated through MAX667 & MAX660, filtered through inductors L3, L4, L5 for powering circuits in the Amplifier Board. +2.5 V is generated by
AD 580 (Q7) and 2.5 V is generated by TL064 (U41-C) used in inverting amplifier
configuration.
5.2.3. ECG Amplifier Section
ECG amplifier section comprises Diathermy filter, CAL pulse generation, lead selection section, fault detection, Amplifier section, ADC for digital conversion and processor section to transfer the digitized data to Main board through OPTO- ISOLATORS.
The ECG signals from the patient leads (RA, LA, RL in three Lead & RA, LA, RL, LL,
CL in 5 Lead configuration) is passed through Diathermy filters whose cut-off is around
4KHz. The spark gaps at the input provide protection against high voltage.
The signals are buffered through OP-AMP U1 to provide enough current to source the
further circuits.
5.2.3.1. Fault detection
Fault detection comprises Comparators U47 & U2 (C&D). This compares the lead
voltage with 1.66Vref to detect for the improper contact of lead electrodes.
5.2.3.2. CAL pulse generation
CAL pulse is generated by Analog Multiplexer U4-C. This switches between 2.5V &
GND. This voltage is divided by R21 (1M) & E94 (330 Ohms) and taken from E94 to
U3 (B&C). When the user selects CAL in the ECG menu, Analog Multiplexer U3 & U4
switches to send CAL pulse to the further circuits.

32

5.2.3.3. Lead Selection

U48 & U49 (4 to 1 multiplexer) is used for lead Selection. U48 selects the lead inputs to
be taken for the Differential Amplifier section and U49 selects the return path to the
patient body to complete the circuit.
5.2.3.4. 3 Lead / 5 Lead sensing circuit
3 Lead / 5 Lead sensing is done by U50-A & U50-C. This senses the ES signal to
detect the cable type. In 3-lead cable, ES will be 0V and in 5-lead cable, ES will be
around 1.6V. When ESENSE = Logic 0 & Flash = logic 1, cable is sensed as 5
leaded, if both ESENSE & FLASH are logic 1, then cable is sensed as 3 leaded.
5.2.3.5. Amplifier Stage
The leads being selected are passed through an Instrumentation Amplifier stage to
reject common mode noise and to give the differential voltage between the selected
leads. The gain of the Instrumentation Amplifier (U11) is 4. In 3 Lead configuration,
signal is passed through only one channel (ECG Channel 1) & return path to the patient
is sent via U2-A as shown in the figure.
The Differential Amplifier output is fed through a Band pass filter cum amplifier stage,
whose cutoff is 0.5 to 25Hz. In DIAG (diagnostic) mode, the lower cutoff is 0.05Hz &
in MON (monitoring) mode, cut off is 0.5 Hz. U8-B, U12-C, U9-C are used to switch
between DIAG and MON mode.
The amplifier stage is divided in to two stages (i.e. Gain 20 & Gain 5). In Gain 5 stage,
gain control and offset control can be adjusted for appropriate calibration.
In 5 Lead Configuration, for gain adjustment, different pots are used. P11 for lead I, P13
for lead II & P15 for CL. For offset adjustment, P12 for Lead I, P14 for Lead II & P16 for
CL are used. The amplified signal is passed through Low pass active filter whose cutoff
is 400 Hz to remove high frequency noises. The filtered signal is passed through 8 to1
channel Multiplexer (U35) which selects the ECG signal at the rate of 200 samples /
second.
5.2.4. Analog MUX, ADC, Gain Selection Section
The analog signals form ECG Amplifier (3 Channels), Invasive Blood pressure (2 Channels), Respiration, Temperature are passed to Analog Multiplexer (U35) to convert the
signals into digital data for Processor and Serial communication to Main Board. This
Multiplexer takes signals at the rate of 200 samples/second.
The Sampled signals are amplified as per the Gain selected by the user. This gain
variation is done by U36 as per the control signals fed through pin 9,10 of U36. MAX

33

192 (U37), a 10 bit A/D Converter, is used to interface the amplified signal to the Microcontroller 80251 (U25).
5.2.5. Invasive Blood Pressure Section
The Invasive Blood Pressure is measured using transducer, which converts the pressure
into equivalent voltage. The transducer is energized by TL064 (U20-C) and transistor
network Q1 & Q2. The differential voltages between IN1 & +IN2 are measured using
AD 620 (U19), passed through Low pass filter (U20-A) and then to the amplifier stage
(U20-B). The gain of the amplifier can be varied from 3 to 5. 4053 (U22) and (U20-B)
generate pressure calibration signal and then through trim pot. P3 it can be adjusted to
set the CAL for 100 mmHg. Comparator circuit comprising of U21, generates the
channel fault.
5.2.6. Respiration Section
Respiration is measured by detecting the impedance variation between RA & LA. RA
& LA Signals are fed to the transformer. The secondary of the transformer Tx is modulated
with carrier frequency of 48KHz generated by 4050 (U16). OP-AMP U18-A is used in
amplitude modulation mode to modulate respiration signal with 48KHz. The modulated
wave is fed to Peak detector (U18-B) to detect the envelope of the respiration signal.
The signal output of Peak detector is further amplified (Gain 20) by U17-B and the
amplified signal is fed to Low pass filter to eliminate high frequency harmonics.
Analog Multiplexer (U22) is used to switch between Respiration CAL & signal and the
signal is further amplified (Gain 1.5) and send to 8 to 1 Channels Multiplexer (U35) for
ADC.
5.2.7. Processor Section
The Processor section comprises of Micro controller 80251 (U25), 2 Octal tri-state
buffers 74574 (U32, U33), Octal latch 74541 (U31), 8K RAM (U28) and EEPROM
28F512 (U27).
80251, which is a 8-bit Micro controller (U25), takes the digital data from the ADC to
process and send it to Main Board serially at the rate of 31.25KB/s. It generates control
signals for Gain variation, chip select signals for the Multiplexers to sample the data to
be sent to ADC, neonate / adult selection, Read and write signals for the EEPROM etc.
74541(U34) senses the fault conditions such as ECG fault, RESP fault, PRESS1 fault,
PRESS2 fault and sends to Main Board through 80251. The 74574 (U32 & U33) are
used to send control signals for the analog part of the circuit such as Overload signals
(EOL0, EOL1, EOL2), Lead selection signals (SEL0, SEL1), Temperature select signals
(TSEL0, TSEL1).

34

35

C
E Ln+
N
N LnE
C
T
O
R

I
B
P

Current
Driver

From
Processor

ESU Filter
Defib
Protection
& Buffer

LL

GND

P1 SENSE

Instrumentation
Amplifier

To patient leads
LA, RA

Impedance
Matching ckt.

Diode
Detector

Low pass
Filter

Press fault detection ckt

Bridge Excitation

Primary

Pre
Amplifier

PRESS fault

Clamping
Circuit

Bandpass Filter

P1 CAL
Generator

PRESS 1

+5V

Isolated

10
Bit
ADC

Filter

T OUT

+5V
Regulator

+5V
Regulator

Gain Stage
With Offset

-5V

+5V

Main PWA

Opto-Isolator

Processor

TEMPERATURE
OUTPUT

PRESS 2
Circuit similar to
PRESS 1

Gain and
Offset
Adjustment

Rectifier

Analog MUX

Transformer
sf
Non-isolated

CLK
Generator

GND

M
U
L
T
I
P
L
E
X
E
R

A
N
A
L
O
G

Resistance network with

Thermistor probe

Respiration
Signal

To
Processor

Low
Pass
Filter

Ref. Voltage
generator

Respiration
Fault Detection
Circuit

Gain &
Envelope
Detector

ECG 0

ECG I

ECG II

Gain Stage

Gain Stage

Reference lead

Processor
control

Gain Stage

Bandpass Filter

Analog MUX

Bandpass Filter

Gain Stage
With Offset

Instrumentation Amplifier

Instrumentation Amplifier

Driver back Amplifier

Instrumentation Amplifier

LA

LL
RA

Secondary

LA

CL

ESU Filter
Defib
Protection
& Buffer

ESU Filter
Defib
Protection
& Buffer

Patient

Figure 5.4 AMPLIFIER BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 5.5 ECG amplifier - Star

36

5.3. ECG AMPLIFIER MODULE(AAMI)

5.3.1. The Amplifier PWA comprises of
Power supply isolation section
3 Lead / 5 Lead ECG Amplifier
Respiration
Invasive Blood pressure (2 channels)
Temperature
Processor
5.3.2. Power Supply Section
+5V from Main Board is chopped by IC 555 Timer(U 44) and fed to the
transformer(T2) for isolation. +5V & -5V are generated through MAX667(43) &
MAX660(42), filtered through inductors L3, L4, L5 for circuit power in the Amplifier
Board. +2.5 V is generated by AD 580 (Q7) and 2.5 V is generated by TL064
used in inverting amplifier configuration.
5.3.3. ECG Amplifier Section
ECG Amplifier section comprises of:
Diathermy filter

CAL pulse generation

Lead selection section
Fault detection
Amplifier section
ADC for digital conversion
Processor section to transfer the digitized data to Main board through OPTOISOLATORS.

The ECG signals from the patient leads (RA, LA, RL in three Lead & RA, LA, RL,
LL, CL in 5 Lead configuration) is passed through Diathermy filters whose cut-off
is around 300 Hz. The spark gaps at the input provide protection against high
voltage. The signals are buffered through OP-AMP. U1 to provide enough current
to source the further circuits.
5.3.3.1. Fault Detection
Fault detection comprises Comparators. This compares the lead voltage with
2.5V ref to detect for the improper contact of lead electrodes.
5.3.3.2. CAL Pulse Generation
CAL pulse is generated by Analog Multiplexer. This switches between 2.5V &
GND. This voltage is sampled by 1M & 470 Ohms and taken to U4 (C). When
the user selects CAL in the ECG menu, Analog Multiplexer switches to send
CAL pulse to the further circuits.
37

5.3.3.3. Lead Selection

4 to 1 Multiplexer U3(A &B) and U4(A) do lead Selection. These Multiplexers
select the lead inputs to be taken for the Differential Amplifier section, the
return path to the patient body to complete the circuit.
5.3.3.4. 3 Lead / 5 Lead Sensing Circuit
3 Lead / 5 Lead sensing is done by U50-A & U50-C. This senses the ES
signal to detect the cable type. In 3-lead cable, ES will be 0V and in 5-lead
cable, ES will be around 1.6V. When ESENSE = Logic 0 & Flash =Logic 1,
cable is sensed as 5 lead, if both ESENSE & FLASH are Logic 1, then
cable is sensed as 3lead.
5.3.3.5. Amplifier Stage
The leads being selected are passed through to Instrumentation Amplifier stage
(In channel card 1) to reject common mode noise and to give the differential
voltage between the selected leads. The gain of the Instrumentation Amplifier
is four. In 3 Lead configuration, signal is passed through only one channel (ECG
Channel 1) & return path to the patient is sent via T4064 (U2-A).
The Differential Amplifier output is fed through a BPF cum amplifier stage,
whose cutoff is 0.5 to 25Hz (For Star 50 USA it is 0.5 to 40Hz). In DIAG mode,
the lower cutoff is 0.05Hz & In MON mode, cut off is 0.5 Hz. U6-C, U6-B, U9-C
are used to switch between DIAG and MON mode.
The amplifier stage is divided into two stages (i.e. Gain 20 & Gain 5). In Gain
5 stage, gain control and offset control can be adjusted for appropriate
calibration. In 5 Lead Configuration, for gain adjustment, P6 for notch filter, P1
for CAL OR GAIN, P2 for offset in channel card I, II, III. The amplified signal is
passed through Low pass active filter whose cutoff is 300 Hz to remove high
frequency noise. The filtered signal is passed through 8 to1 channel Multiplexer
which selects the ECG signal at the rate of 200 samples /second.
5.3.4. Analog MUX, ADC, Gain Selection Section
The analog signals form ECG Amplifier (3 Channels), Invasive Blood Pressure
(2 Channels), Respiration & Temperature are passed to Analog Multiplexer to
convert the signals into digital data for Processor and Serial communication to
Main Board. This Multiplexer takes signals at the rate of 200 samples/second.
The Sampled signals are amplified as per the Gain selected by the user. This
gain variation is done by HC 4052A(U36) as per the control signals fed through
pin 9&10 of U36.
The amplified signals are clamped to vary between 2.5V to GND for ADC
purpose. MAX 192(U 37) , a 10 bit A/D Converter, is used to interface the amplified
signal to the Microcontroller 80251.

38

5.3.5. Respiration Section

Respiration is measured by detecting the impedance variation between RA &
LA. RA & LA Signals are fed to the transformer. The secondary of the transformer
Tx is modulated with carrier frequency of 48KHz generated by 4050 (U16). OPAMP U18-A is used in amplitude modulation mode to modulate respiration signal
with 48KHz. The modulated wave is fed to Peak detector to detect the envelope
of the respiration signal.
The signal output of Peak detector is further amplified (Gain 20) by U17-B and
the amplified signal is fed to Low pass filter to eliminate high frequency harmonics.
Analog Multiplexer is used to switch between Respiration CAL & signal and the
signal is further amplified (Gain 1.5) and send to 8 to 1 Channels Multiplexer for
ADC.
Card Description
There are six add on channel cards placed on the ECG and Respiration main
PWA:
Diathermy card
ECG channel card 1
ECG channel card 2
ECG channel card 3
Digital card
Crystal card

DIATHERMY CARD

DIGITAL CARD

CHANNEL CARD 1

CHANNEL CARD 2

CHANNEL CARD 3

Figure 5.6 :Respiration & ECG Main PWA

39

CRYSTAL CARD

5.3.6. Invasive Blood Pressure and Temperature Section

The Invasive Blood Pressure is measured using transducer, which converts the
pressure into equivalent voltage. The transducer is energized by TL064 and
transistor network Q1 & Q2. The differential voltages between IN1 & +IN2 are
measured using AD 620, passed through Low pass filter and then to the amplifier
stage . The gain of the amplifier can be varied from 3 to 5. 4053 and TL064
generate pressure calibration signal and then through trim pot P3. It can be
adjusted to set the CAL for 100 mmHg. Comparator circuit generates pressure
fault. Here the voltage is set between 1.25 V & 0.6V to generate the fault signal
when pressure signals are not within the limits.
Card Description
Four add on channel cards are placed on the IBP and Temperature main PWA.
There are:
IBP card 1
IBP card 2
Temprature card
Digital card
IBP CARD 2
IBP CARD 1
TEMPERATURE

DIGITAL CARD

CARD

Figure 5.7 : IBP & Temperature Main PWA

40

5.3.7. Processor Section

The Processor section comprises of Microcontroller 80251 , D type edge triggered
flipflop 74574 , Buffer 74541 , 8K RAM and EEPROM 28F512.
80251, which is a 8-bit Microcontroller , takes the digital data from the ADC to
process and send it to Main Board serially at the rate of 32.25KB/s. It generates
Control signals for gain variation, Chip Select signals for the Multiplexers to sample
the data to be sent to ADC, neonate / adult selection, Read and Write signals for
the EEPROM etc.
74541 senses the fault conditions such as ECG, RESP, PRESS1,
PRESS2 faults and sends to Mainboard through 80251. The 74574 are used to
send control signals for the analog part of the circuit such as Overload signals
(EOL0, EOL1, EOL2), Lead selection signals (SEL0, SEL1),Temperature select
signals (TSEL0, TSEL1).

41

Amplifier Blocks

EECG
CG&&Fault
Fault
Detection
DetectionCirc
Circuit
uit

ECG
E CGdigital
digitalsection
section

IBP
IBP&&Temperature
Temperature
section
section

Respiration
RespirationSection
Section

ECG + Respiration Board

IBP + Temp. Board

Interface
InterfaceSection
Section

Figure 5.8 : Main Blocks of Amplifier Module

ECG
Cable

ESU Filter

ECG
Leads

Unity Gain
Amplifier

Lead
Selector

Instrument
Amplifier

New filter
ECG o/p
(ECG0)

Lead select signal

(3lead cable)

Protection
Circuit

Latch

Fault info to
controller

Figure 5.9 : ECG & Fault Detection Section

ECG0
ECG1
ECG2

Channel
Selector

Gain Stage

Final Offset Adj

Resp
Gain Select Lines
Serial Digital
Data to cont roller

Figure 5.10 : ECG Digital Section

42

Serial ADC

RA & LA
Lead

Modulator

Demodulator

50KHz carrier
Generator

LPF

Offset & Gain

Adjustment

Respiration
channel o/p

Figure 5.11 : Respiration Section

IBP 1
Sensor

Instrumentation
Amplifier

Filter

Gain & Offset

Adjust

IBP1 o/p

IBP 2
Sensor

Instrumentation
Amplifier

Filter

Gain & Offset

Adjust

IBP2 o/p

Temp 1

Channel
Selector

Bridge Circuit

Temp

Filter & Offset o/p

Adjustment

Temp 2

Serial ADC

Final
Offset Adj
Stage

Serial Digital Data

to Controller

Gain
Stage
Gain Select Lines

Channel
Select
Select Lines

Figure 5.12 : IBP & Temperature Section

Dual Art
Communication
with ECG card

Controller
Communication with
IBP & Temp card

Figure 5.13 : Interface Section

43

To the main
board

5.4. NIBP MODULE

+12v

SOLENOID

CAS
NIBP MODULE
SENSOR

MAIN BOARD

MOTOR

CUFF

FIGURE 5.14 : Block Diagram of NIBP Module

The NIBP module in Galaxy is from CAS medical systems, USA. The technique used
is Oscillomteric. The software eleminates most ambient noise and motion artifacts.
It operates on +12V DC, which is supplied from the main board and has a low power
consumption. It has a Microcontroller, EPROM, a motor, solenoids and sensing circuits
to perform operation of inflation & deflation of the cuff, calculation of the mean reading
etc.
The motor pumps the air into the cuff attached to the NIBP connector of the unit. The
pressure sensors in this module sense the pressure pumped in, and passed on the
instructions to stop/start the inflation according to the requirement.
The solenoids are used to deflate the cuff after the inflation is over.
The microcontroller collects the data for systolic, diastolic and mean from the module
and sends it to the main board in the serial form for display.
Self test is performed each time power is turned ON. Zero pressure reference is
automatically established prior to each reading.
The module also has inbuilt safety features for automatic detection of neonatal cuff in
adult mode, over pressure switch and cuff leakage sensing circuit .

44

5.5. SpO2 MODULE

5.5.1. MP204
+12V

-12V

NELLCOR
SpO2 MODULE

MAIN BOARD

CONTROL
CIRCUIT

SpO2 SENSOR
FIGURE 5.15 : Block Diagram of MP204 SPO2 Module
This module is from Nellcor Incorporated , USA.
It operates on +12V and 12V supplied which is supplied from the main board.
It consists of a Microcontroller and a control circuit.
The finger probe houses a infrared , red leds and a photo detector and the signal is
conditioned and used by the Microcontroller to derive the oxygen saturation level and
pulse rate .
The data is transferred serially to the Main board, where the display is refreshed.

5.5.2. MP506
+ 5V

NELLCOR
SpO2 MODULE

MAIN BOARD

CONTROL
CIRCUIT

SpO2 SENSOR
FIGURE 5.16 : Block Diagram of MP506 SpO2 Module
45

This module is from Nellcor Incorporated , USA. It operates on +5 V supply from the
SMPS through Main board. It consists of a Microcontroller and a control circuit.
The finger probe houses an infrared , red LED and a photo detector. The infrared light
and red light is passed through the blood and detected by the photodetector to check
the absorption level. The signal is conditioned and used by the Microcontroller to derive
the oxygen saturation level and pulse rate .
The data is transferred serially to the Main board, where the display is refreshed.

5.6. CAPNOGRAPHY MODULE

FIGURE 5.17 : Block Diagram of Capnography Module

This is a modular capnometer that utilizes the MicroCap CO2 bench from BCI, USA.
This module communicates with the main board on serial protocol(RS232) providing
EtCO2, FiCO2 and respiration values which are updated on the display.
It provides digital values for EtCO2, FiCO2 and respiration values and also analog CO2
output. The analog output voltage reflects the CO2 mmHg in a range of 0-76mmHg
(approximately 60mV/mmHg).
All CO2 measurements are given in mmHg, kPa and %. This module can operate at an
input voltage of 9 to 14 volts (3 watts).
The pump provides suction that draws the patient sample through the water trap Nafion
tubing NA3, filter and three way valve into the optical CO2 bench. The flow is restricted
by RESTRICTOR. Approximately 5% of the sample is drawn through the water trap,
through another set of Nafion tube and filter. This provides a suction to draw water
droplets into the main bottle of the water trap. The pressure transducer is used to detect
occlusion in the sample line and to compensate the CO2 reading for changes in pressure.

46

5.6.1 CO2 CALIBRATION

The capnography module of Galaxy should be calibrated once in six months by L&T
authorised service personnel for its smooth and proper functioning.
To go to CO2 calibration press optical encoder during start up sequence, following menu
appears on the screen
CLR TREND DATE

TIME

ADULT

SERVICE

BED NO.

EXIT

Enter the password in

the following sequence.

Press Optical Encoder

DEMO MODE
HR ALM CON ON

SERVICE MODE
O2FR NIBP

PRODUCTION

NIBP UNIT

HIGH CAL

QA

EXIT

EXIT

Connect the Galaxy,Capnography module and CO2 calibration gas cylinder as shown
in figure 5.13 below and follow the procedure described.

CO2
Module
Open

GALAXY
STAR

Water trap to
cylinder

Sample line
Calibration Cylinder

Keep Open

T - connector

FIGURE 5.18 : Calibration kit with Patient monitor

47

1. Switch ON the unit, Green LED will glow in Galaxy as well as in CO2 module.
2. Press any Hard key or optical encoder of Galaxy to enter SETUP screen.
3. Select SERVICE in menu.
4. Go to SERVICE MODE and select HIGH CAL.
5. Following messages will be displayed on the screen:
PLEASE WAIT
SENSOR STABILISING
FOR HIGH CALIBRATION
TIME REMAINING: 2 MIN
6. After this elapsing time Galaxy will show the following messages:
ENSURE PROPER GAS CONNECTION
LAST CALIBRATED:
ENSURE CO2 GAS CONCENTRATION: 10%
START CAL
STOP CAL
7. Open the knob on the cylinder provided, with the regulator and select START CAL.
8. CONFIRM message will be displayed, acknowledge the message.
9. Galaxy will display the following messages:
CALIBRATING
PLEASE WAIT.
10. After calibration is completed, following messages are displayed:
Cal OK
RESTART CAL
EXIT CAL
11. In case of error, following messages will be displayed:
Cal error
RESTART CAL
EXIT CAL
12. Exit and switch off and on the monitor, measure the CO2 reading and confirm the
readings.

48

5.7 AGM MODULE

Description of AGM Module
The AGM module in Galaxy is from Drager Medical. It operates on +12V which is supplied
from the main board.The block diagram is as fpllows.

ON/OFF SWITCH

12V

MAIN PWA

AGM

WATER TRAP

SAMPLE LINE

PATIENT

49

5.8. Universal Power Supply ( Triphase & High rated)

5.8.1. AC-DC Converter

L
N
E

EMI
Filter

Input DC
Voltage
Sense

Capacitive
Filter

Rectifier

Top Switch

High
Frequency
Transformer

High
Frequency
Secondary
Rectifier

Output
Filter

Opto Feed
Back With
Isolation

Figure 5.19 Block Diagram of AC- DC Converter

J1 : Input connector
1 - Line
2 - Not used
3 - Neutral
1
2
3

1
2
3

J1

J2

J2 : Output connector
1 - 16.4V
2 - Not used
3 - Ground

Figure 5.20 Connector Details AC-DC Converter

CONNECTOR PIN No. VOLTAGE

J1

1&3

230V

J2

1&3

16.4V

50

The AC-DC Converter of Triphase is designed for 49.2W of power.

The AC-DC Converter of High rated is designed for 66W of power. It has fly-back
topology.
Block Description
EMI Filter
This will help to reject the line borne noise and filter out the power supply generated
noise. The filter winding resistance and inductance can provide the necessary series
impedance to limit the transient current for efficient transient suppression.
Rectifier
The bridge rectifier converts input AC to DC. The rectified DC will have some small
ripple.
Capactive Filter
In this an Electrolytic capacitor is used as an input filter, where it filters the ac component present in the rectified voltage (reduces ripple).
Top Switch
It is an integrated chip with PWM controller and MOSFET, which operates as current
mode controller.
High Frequency Transformer
This normally provides galvanic isolation between input and output. The high voltage
DC is fed to the primary winding of the transformer where the DC is chopped at very
high frequency (130 KHz). There are two secondary windings with one used to
generate the required output and the other used to generate auxiliary power supply
for control and protection.
High Frequency Secondary Rectifier
The high frequency low voltage obtained from the secondary winding is rectified by a
Diode.
Output Filter
The rectified voltage will have small ripple, which is filtered by using Electrolytic filter
capacitor and Inductor, which forms a filter. One more capacitor is connected
across this filter to suppress the switching noise generated at the output.

51

OPTO Feedback with Isolation

Voltage feedback:
The output voltage is regulated using the feedback section. The output voltage is
sensed and compared with a reference voltage using a comparator. Output of the
comparator turns on an opto-coupler, which in turn varies the duty cycle of the main
switching device depending on the output voltage, and thus controls the output
voltage.
Current feedback
The output current is sensed and compared with a reference using a comparator. The
output of the comparator turns on the opto-coupler, which varies the duty cycle of the
switching device and thus fold-back the output at the required current.
Protections
Primary Side Protection
Snubber
In this power supply ZCD (Zener, capacitor & diode) & snubber is selected to remove
the energy stored in the leakage inductance of transformer, which avoids TOP Switch
failure.
Inrush Current Limit
The inrush current is limited by using a thermistor in series with the circuit.
Input Over Voltage
The power supply disables the output when the input exceeds more than 290V AC. This
is achieved by using Top-switch. Also when the input voltage is less than 90VAC, output
is disabled.
Secondary Side Protection
Short Circuit
When the output is short-circuited the power supply goes into hiccup mode. This is
achieved by pulse-by-pulse current limit of the TOP Switch.

52

5.8.2. DC - DC Converter

AC
AC Input

Ext. Batt.

Rectifier
+
Filter

AC ON Indication

DC

OR

High
Frequency
Transformer

Rectifier
+
Filter

Battery
Charger

Switching
Device

Rectifier
+
Filter

+12V

-12V

3.15A Fuse

Int. Batt.
ON/OFF
Control

PWM
Controller

Battery Low
Logic & 5V O/P
over Voltage

B/L Cut Off

B/L Signal

Figure 5.21 Block Diagram of DC- DC Converter

Ext Bat

JP5

JP4

DC outputs

JP2

Int Bat To-INV

JP1 JP3

JP6

Record

Figure 5.22 Connector details of DC-DC of Triphase

RECORD (JP5)
EXT. BAT (JP4)
DC OUTPUTS (JP2)INT. BAT (JP1)
INV.
(JP3)
NIBP (JP6)
-

To Recorder Power supply

To External Battery
To Main PWA
To Battery
Not used
Not used

53

+5V

CONNECTOR PIN No.

JP5
JP5

4
3

JP5

JP2
JP2
JP2
JP1
JP4

10
8
7
6
5

DC outputs

FAN

JP1

JP7

VOLTAGE
10.6 to 16.4V
Shut down voltage is 0 when
unit is ON
Shut down voltage is 10.6 to
16.4V when unit is OFF.
4.8 to 5.1V
11.4 to 12.6V
-10 to -12.6V
13 to 14.2V
12V

+12V INV Ext Bat

JP2

JP3

Int Bat

JP4

+ 5V INV

JP6

RPS

JP5

Figure 5.23 Connector details of DC-DC of High rated Power supply

DC OUTPUTS (JP1)
FAN ( JP7)
+12 V INV (JP2)
EXT BAT (JP3)
INT BAT (JP4)
+5V INV (JP6)
RPS (JP5)

CONNECTOR
JP1
JP1
JP1
JP4
JP5
JP5

10
8
7
6
4
3

JP5

JP3

Note &

PIN No.

To Main PWA
Not used
Not used
To External Battery
To Battery
Not used
To Recorder

VOLTAGE
5 to 5.1V
11.4 to 12.6V
-10 to -12.6V
13.4 to 14.2V
10.6 to 16.4V
Shut down voltage is 0 when
unit is ON
Shut down voltage is 10.6 to
16.4V when unit is OFF.
12V

Consider chassis as a ground point for DC-DC Voltages.

54

This DC-DC converter operates from AC-DC converter output, that is 16.4V DC OR
internal battery (10.4V 13.8V) OR external battery. This converter gives 3 outputs i.e.
i.e. +12V, -12V and +5V.
Description Of Block Diagram
The power supply is divided into the following sections:
Battery Charger section:
16.4V from AC DC converter is fed to the Battery Charger section. Battery Charger
voltage is set in this circuit. Current limit is provided for the charging current. A diode is
used for Battery reverse protection. AC ON indication will come when the DC-DC converter is working from AC -DC converter.
DC DC section:
A current mode PWM controller is used to drive the Switching device. This includes a
High frequency transformer, which operates at a frequency of 30KHz. The secondary of
this is rectified and filtered to get 3 different outputs i.e. +12V, -12V and +5V. A portion
of 5V is fedback through a resistor divider network to PWM controller, which varies the
duty cycle and thus controls the output voltage.
ON / OFF section
In this section a flip-flop & a transistor is used to avoid cold start & control the on/off.
Battery Low section
The Battery voltage is sensed. Once the Battery voltage drops to the specified level,
output of comparator keeps current sense pin high, which reduces the duty cycle of the
switching device thus making the output voltage zero.
5V over voltage section
5V output is sensed. If 5V exceeds the limit, it reduces the duty cycle of MOSFET and
shuts off the output voltage.

55

5.8.3. Recorder Power Supply

 Introduction
The Recorder power supply is based on LM2575 series switching regulators.
LM2575 5 is a fixed output (5V) regulator where as LM2576 Adj is an adjustable
version.
These regulators are meant for step down switching regulator (buck converter)
These regulators switch at a fixed frequency of 52 KHz. The shutdown feature is TTL
compatible. They incorporate thermal shutdown and current limit protections.

 Block Diagram Description

The block diagram shows an input filter stage, main switching regulator, output filter &
inductor, ON /OFF and over voltage shutdown logic.

 Filters and Output Inductors

The input and output filters are electrolytic capacitors meant to smoothening or to eliminate any ripple component in either the input or output.
Inductors are used for filtering high frequency noise in the output. The output inductors
are part of the buck converter, which helps in stepping down the voltage to the required
value by virtue of its inductive property.

Switching Regulators
As mentioned earlier the switching regulators (2575 5, 2576 Adj) switch at 52 KHz
and incorporate internal protections.
FEEDBACK: The output voltage is fixed by the potential divider network, which feeds a
portion of the output voltage to the feedback pin of the regulator as a reference.
The voltage level at the shutdown pin (SD1, SD2) switches the regulator ON or OFF.

 ON/OFF and Over Voltage Protection Logic

Input to the Recorder power supply is derived from the DC DC power supply. The ON
/OFF i.e. SHDN signal from the DC - DC switches the Recorder ON or OFF.
A low on SHDN turns the Recorder supply ON and a HIGH turns it OFF.
A 5V over voltage logic is provided to shut off the 5V output whenever 5V exceeds the
set limits.
Under normal working condition the shut down signals SD1 and SD2 are low.

56

Figure 5.24 Block Diagram of Recorder PSU

JP2 - To Recorder
JP1 - From DC-DC PWA
JP3 - To Main PWA

JP1 - FROM DC-DC PWA

JP4 - TO Recorder
JP2 - TO Main PWA
JP3 - Not used
JP5 - Not used

Figure 5.26 Connector Details of

Recorder Power supply - High rated

Figure 5.25 Connector Details of

Recorder Power supply - Triphase

57

5.9. DISPLAY
Any VGA monitor can be attached to the Galaxy, to obtain big and clear display.
It supports 14, 15 & 17 colour monitor. The size of display has to be selected
from the service menu to get proper waveform speed.

58

59

PRODUCTION

A
DISPLAY

ECG

Invalid key

IBP

NIBP

CO2

DC

Voltages

mmHg

MONITOR

EXIT

14 Inch
15 Inch

KPa

Invalid key

EXIT
Pass word
Protected

17 Inch
EXIT

CAL TEST
LEAK TEST
EXIT

If the user selects any monitor,

message PLEASE RESTART
will appear on screen and
user has to restart the system.

Factory
Settings
Note

&
Change in DATE or TIME will erase all trend data and patient information.
To come out of DEMO MODE, switch OFF and switch ON the unit again.

SERVICE MODE
HR ALM CON ON

: HR alarm continuously ON, this feature is used to enable HR alarm

throughout the operation. Once enabled user cannot disable the
HR alarm from alarm menu.

02 FR NIBP

: This feature blanks the SPO2 waveform (SPO2 w/f will not be
displayed) and holds the SPO2 value during NIBP measurement.
Once the NIBP measurment is complete (deflation is over), real
time SpO2 w/f and value appears on monitor.

60

Chapter

ASSEMBLY/DISASSEMBLY

This chapter explains the procedures to disassemble the instrument so that faulty
assemblies can be removed & replaced. Do not disassemble the product further
beyond the point described in these procedures.

6.1. General
A. Removal
Disconnect the Mains supply before removing the covers.
Remove all the accessories gently that are connected to the unit.

Caution
Do not pull by wire. Hold firmly on the connector housing.
Note

& Anti static precautions is a must for ESD protection.

Disconnect the internal battery.

B. Refitting
Replace the defective assembly with the new assembly.

61

62

6.4

ECG Amplifier Module

1) Remove the top cover as described in

section 6.2.
2) Disconnect the following:
CON2 of Main PWA connected to
ECG module.
Disconnect the connectors from
ECG module to front panel
(ECG,IBP1,IBP2,TEMP1 & TEMP2).
3) Remove two screws as shown in the
figure 6.3.
4) Slide out the ECG module.

Figure 6.3
2

6.5 SpO2 Module

1) Remove the top cover as described in
section 6.2.
1
2) Disconnect CON3 of Main PWA connected to
SpO2 module.
3) Remove the two screws as shown in the
figure 6.4.
4) Lift the SpO2 module and disconnect the
connector from the SpO2 PWA.
2
Figure 6.4

63

64

7) Remove the two screws of SpO2 module as shown in the figure6.4.

8) Lift the SpO2 module and disconnect the connector of SpO2 PWA from the front panel.

65

9)

10)

66

11) Remove four screws as shown in the figure 6.11.

12) Remove the AGM tube from the
water trap holder.
13) Disconnect the keyboard cable which
is connected to the connector(CON6) of
Main PWA.
3
1
2
4

Figure 6.11

6.10 Anaesthetic gas module

1

Exhaust
Figure 6.12

67

1) Remove the top cover as described in

section 6.2.
2) Remove front panel as described in
section 6.9.
3) Remove four screws as shown in the
figure 6.12.
4) Disconnect CON5 of Main PWA
connected to Anaesthetic gas module.
5) Disconnect exhaust tube from the module side as shown in the figure 6.12.

5) Remove four screws of AGM which is at the bottom of the chassis as shown in the
figure 6.13.
6) Disconnect connectors from AGM.

Figure 6.13

6.11 CO2 Module

1) Remove the top cover as described in section 6.2.
2) Disconnect CON5 of Main PWA connected to CO2 module.
3) Disconnect nafion tube from module side.
4) Remove two screws of CO2 which is at the bottom of the chassis.

68

6.12 Keyboard
1)Remove the top cover as described in section 6.2.
2)Remove the front panel as described in section 6.9.
3)Remove the keyboard connector(CON6) from the Main PWA.
4)Remove three screws of keyboard as shown in the figure 6.14.
1

Figure 6.14

6.13 Optical Encoder

1) Remove cap of Optical encoder from the outside.
2) Remove Optical encoder by unscrewing the clamping nut. Disconnect the connector
from optical encoder to keyboard PWA.

6.14 Recorder Power Supply

1) Remove all the connectors connected to Recorder Power supply.
2) Remove the three screws of Recorder PWA.

69

70

Chapter

7.1

Software for Upgradation

UPGRADATION

1. Remove the top cover (Refer section 6.2).

2. Replace EEPROMs (U5 & U6) with desired/latest version.

Caution

7.2

Use EEPROM remover to remove EEPROMs.

Do not interchange U5 & U6 on the Main PWA.
Match the notch of EEPROM while putting it back.

To Add Dual Invasive Pressures (IBP1 & IBP2)

1. Remove the front panel as described in section 6.9.
2. Remove six screws of connector panel.
3. Remove four screws of dummy connectors.
4. Assemble two IBP cables as shown in the figure7.1.

Figure 7.1

7.3

To Add NIBP
1. Remove the front panel as described in section 6.9.
2. Remove six screws of connector panel.
3. Remove the screw of dummy connector.
4. Insert NIBP connector from outside and fix it by tightening the nut from inside.
5. Assemble front panel.
6.Fix NIBP module with two screws.
7.Connect NIBP tube to the NIBP connector.
8 Connect FRC from NIBP module to CON4 on Main PWA.
71

7.4

To Add SpO2
1. Remove the front panel as described in section 6.9.
2. Remove six screws of connector panel.
3. Remove four screws of dummy connector.
4. AssembleSpO2cable with four screws.
5. Assemble the front panel.
6.Connect cablefrom front panel to SpO2 PWA.
7. Assemble SpO2 module with two screws.
8.Connect FRC from SpO2module to CON3 on Main PWA.

72

Chapter

TROUBLE SHOOTING

8.1. System Diagnosis

This chapter covers basic diagnostic and troubleshooting procedures you may need
if the system does not operate properly. Make sure thorough check of the system
has been done before troubleshooting.
Note

& The system is repairable through subassembly replacements.

8.2. Error Codes

a. Loose cuff - Weak or no oscillometric signal
Corrective Action
Check that the cuff is in the correct position. Check that the cuff is properly tightened.
Check that there is no excessive clothing between the arm and the cuff. Check that
the correct size cuff is being applied.
b. Air Leak - Inflate Timeout
Corrective Action
Check that the hose is connected to the system and the cuff.
Check that the cuff is properly tightened.
Check that the cuff is in the correct position.
Check that the correct size cuff is being applied.
Check that the cuff is not leaking air.
Check that the hose connections are not damaged or loose.
c. Cuff Overpressure
Corrective Action
Check that the correct size cuff is being applied.
Check that the hose has no sharp bends or is pinched.
Check that the cuff is in the correct position.
Check that the patient is not lying on the cuff.
d. Excessive motion
(The patient may have been moving too much)
Corrective Action
Check that the cuff is properly tightened.
Check that the cuff is in the correct position.
Check that the correct size cuff is being applied.
Check that there is no excessive clothing between the arm and the cuff.

73

e. Cuff position error

(The patient may have been moving too much)
Corrective Action
Check that the correct size cuff is being applied.
Check that the cuff is in correct position.
f. Occlusion and purging in BCI CO2 module.
(When sample line is blocked)
Corrective Action
Change the sample line
g.Change sample line in BCI CO2 module.
if occlusion purging message occurs continuously for more than 2 minutes and user
does not change sample line.
Corrective Action
Change the sample line
h.Water trap full in BCI CO2 module.
If water trap is getting filled up completely and requires replacement
Corrective Action
Change the water trap
i.Check sample line/water trap in AGM module.
when water trap or sample line not connected
Corrective Action
Connect sample line and water trap
j.Occlusion in AGM module.
When sample line is blocked /water trap full
Corrective Action
Change the sample line/water trap

74

8.3

Troubleshooting Chart

Unit not working

Parameter not getting selected

No Display

ECG not working

SPO2 not working

NIBP not working

IBP1 & IBP2 not working

Temp not working

Capnography not
Capnography/AGM
notworking
working

AGM
Unit not
notworking
working

75

JA

Check Mains Supply

Mains supply OK?

Get the Mains

Supply corrected

Y
Check Mains fuses

Mains fuses OK?

Replace the fuses

Y
Check Keyboard connection

Connections
OK?

Is Key board
OK?

Replace Keyboard

N
Secure connection

Is problem
persists?

Open the unit and

check 16V on AC-DC
card,ConJ2

Y
Check all voltages of DC-DC PWA

N
Voltages OK?

Replace PSU
Unit Switching ON

Y
Replace Motherboard

76

Check the connection of the parameter

Module to the Mother board

N
Connections OK?

Make proper connections & try

Y
Problem persists?

Check SMPS
Voltages?

Voltages OK?

Replace SMPS

Y
Replace the related parameter module

ICON pop ups?

N
Replace Mother board

Y
Unit is working satisfactorily

77

Is the Monitor
OK?

N
Replace Monitor

Y
Remove all the connectors from the Mother board
except Keyboard,Power supply and Monitor

Is Display
OK?

Check for SMPS Voltages

Connect NIBP Module

Voltages
OK?

Y
Replace Mother board

Is
Display OK?

Replace NIBP module

Y
Connect SpO2 Module

Is
Display OK?

N
Replace SpO2 module

Y
Connect ECG Module

Is
Display OK?

Replace ECG module

Y
Connect CO2/AGM Module

78

Replace SMPS

Is
Display OK?

N
Replace CO2/AGM Module

Y
Unit working satisfactorily

NOTE:

Check monitor cable between Main PWA and rear panel before replacing any of the PWAs.

79

Is ECG
poping up?

Y
N

Is ECG
cable OK?

Replace ECG cable

Y
Replace ECG module

Is same
status?
Y
Replace the Mother board

80

Unit is working satisfactorily

SpO2 getting
detected?

N
B

Is SpO2 sensor and

Extension cable OK?

N
Replace the defective

Is SMPS Voltages
OK? *

ReplaceSMPS

Y
Is same
status?

N
Unit is working satisfactorily

Y
Replace SpO2 Module

N
Is Same status?

Unit is working satisfactorily

Y
Replace the Mother board

Unit is working satisfactorily

SpO2 Module
MP204
MP506

Voltage
+/-12V
+5V

81

NIBP icon
poping up?

N
B

Y
N

Is NIBP cuff and

Hose is OK?

Replace the defective

Y
Check +12V
on SMPS

N
Replace the SMPS

Y
Replace NIBP Module
Y

Is Same status?

Y
Replace Mother board

82

N
Unit working satisfactorily

Is IBP1 & IBP2

poping up?

Y
N
Is Sensor OK?

Replace Sensor

Y
N

Is IBP Extension
cable OK?

Replace Extension cable

Y
Replace ECG Module
Y
N
Is Same status?

Y
Replace Mother board

83

Unit is working satisfactorily

Is Temp icon
poping up?

Y
N
Replace accessory

Is accessory
OK?
Y
Replace ECG Module
Y
N

Unit is working satisfactorily

Is Same status?

Y
Replace Main board

84

Is EtCO2 icon
poping up?

N
B

Y
Any error
message?

Y
Take necessary action.
Refer error message details

Check +12V

Is accessories
OK?

Replace SMPS
N

Y
Replace EtCO2 module

Is same status?

Replace accessories

Y
Replace Mother board

85

Unit is working satisfactorily

Is EtCO2 icon
poping up?

N
B

Y
Any error
message?

Y
Take necessary action.
Refer error message details

Check +12V

Replace SMPS

Is accessories
OK?

Y
Replace EtCO2 module

Is same status?

Replace accessories

Y
Replace Mother board

86

Unit is working satisfactorily

8.4. Spare Parts List

Sr.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Part Number

Description

Ctry.*

12
13
14

F3-86-100-0022-18
Adult cuff - 14 cm
F3-86-100-0023-15
Child cuff - 9 cm
F3-86-100-0029-94
Infant cuff (disposable) 3 cm X 10 No.
F3-86-100-0011-51
NIBP hose
F3-84-390-0024-10
3 lead ECG Cable
F3-90-100-0001-42
5 lead ECG cable
F3-89-100-0015-34
SPO2 Extension cable-MP204
F3-89-100-0042-50 SPO2 Extension cable-MP506
F3-86-100-0020-24
Durasensor
F3-40-100-0044-61 Medex Disposable IBP
Transducer Kit
F3-90-100-0013-06
Medex Reusable IBP
Transducer Kit
F3-40-100-1001-03
YSI 401 Esophageal/rectal
F3-40-100-1004-91
YSI 409A Tape on skin probe
F3-40-100-1002-97 YSI 402 Esophageal/rectal for infants

15
16
17
18
19
20

3-89-150-0006-69
0-00-514-0033-88
3-86-390-0008-87
3-85-390-0015-03
3-90-390-0039-52
3-90-390-0015-27

Knob
Fuse 3.15A/250V Fast blow
Cable Assly NIBP-Main PWA
Cable assy- Main PWA to Amplifier
Cable assy-DC DC to main PWA
Cable assy-CO2 to main PWA

21
22

3-90-390-0064-74
3-85-390-0016-97
MP204
3-89-390-0070-90
MP506
3-89-390-0076-72

11

23
24

Repl.
Code*

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

NR

A
A
A

NR
NR
NR

M
M
M
M
M

NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

Cable assy-AGM to main PWA

Cable assy-SPO2 to main PWA

M
M
M

NR
NR
NR

Cable assy-SPO2 to main PWA

NR

Cable assy- Speaker & Sync. o/p

NR

87

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

0-00-495-0009-91 Optocal encoder assly

3-90-080-0001-97
Front panel
3-90-190-0001-37
Chassis
3-99-150-0031-42
Foot
3-90-110-0002-60 Main PWA software upgrade kit
3-86-110-0021-42 ECG software upgrade kit
3-90-290-0005-41
Main PWA Galaxy
3-86-100-0005-69
NIBP module
3-90-390-0054-07
ECG amplifier module
3-90-390-0037-58
ECG amplifier -AAMI
3-89-390-0017-55
SMPS-High rated
3-90-390-0082-20
SMPS-high rated
3-90-390-0038-76
SPO2 module -MP204
3-90-390-0098-69
SPO2 module -MP506

NOTE:

Category
A
M
N
P

: Accessory
: Miscellaneous item
: Non-PWA assembly
: PWA Assembly

Replace Code
NR : Non-Repairable item. To be purchased.
R : Repairable item.Replacement available.

88

N
N
N
N
N
N
P
P
P
P
P
P

NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
R
R
R
R
R
R

P
P

R
R

106

ENCORE