Coupling Constants (J values)

Aliphatic Protons: Alkene Protons:

H H
H 3
J ≈ 6 - 7 Hz for freely H H
H
rotating systems (i.e. chains) H H
2 3 3
J ≈ 0 - 4 Hz J ≈ 4 - 14 Hz J ≈ 11 - 20 Hz
cis trans
φ 10 Hz
8 Hz Aromatic Protons:
H
H 3
J
H H H
C H
0 Hz 0 Hz
0° 90° 180° H
dihedral angle, φ H
3 4 5
J ≈ 6 - 9 Hz J ≈ 0 - 3 Hz J ≈ 0 - 1 Hz

13
C Chemical Shifts
δ (p.p.m)
220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0

O
(aldehyde or ketone
C carbonyl C)

O
(carboxylic acid
C derived carbonyl C)
O/N

(nitrile C) C N
C
C C
(aryl or aromatic C)
C C
C
(alkenyl or C
alkene C) C

C C (alkyne C)

C
O
C
N

C
X

C
R/Ar

220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0

δ (p.p.m)