Korean War

GFPP2333

Two Koreas
North of 38 parallel: USSR backed Peoples
Democratic Republic of Korea (1948)
South of 38 parallel: USA backed Republic of
Korea (1948)
1949 USSR and US withdrew their force from
Korean peninsula

North Korea invasion

1950 North Korea advanced to the south across 38
parallel
1949 US force withdrew from South Korea
In the North Korea, Democratic front for united
father land was established
1949 Peoples Republic of China

1950 June North Korean force occupied Soul

US appealed UN The security Council send UN
force (US and other 16 countries)
UN force recaptured Soul within 2 weeks

Korean War
If the aim of the UN force is Removal of invaders,
they should have stopped the war after recapture of
Soul
But, they continued to advance toward north
Korea might be able to achieve permanent peace if
north and south are united

China entered the war (with the pressure of North

Korea and USSR)
China requested USSR aids of military supply it
was onerous aids (It was not free, but must pay back)

Cease Fire
UN force was pushed back to the 38 parallel
General MacArthur proposed more aggressive
war strategies
Bombing of northeast China to cut supply lines
Blockade

President Truman dismissed MacArthur

1953 Cease fire agreement was signed Korean
cease fire agreement Korean peninsula is still
in war

Impacts of Korean war

Casualties

UN 400,000
North Korea & China 2~4 million

Segmentation of Korean Peninsula

Worsen of US & China relationship Chinas
return to international community was delayed
Increase Chinas influence in the Communist
block
Korean war provided an opportunity for
Japanese economic recovery and for reestablishment of forces