Hand Out 6

LIVING THING AND VARIOUS

Theory of The beginning of life
1. Generatio Spontanea Theory
Living thing are formed by changes of
material spontanly ( Aristoteles , sebelum
abad 17 )
2. Omne vivum Ex Ovo
Living thing initially from egg ( Fransisco
Redi, 1626 - 1697 )

3. Omne Ovum Ex Vivo

Egg initially from living thing ( Lazzaro
Spalanzani , 1729 - 1799 )
4. Omne Vivum Ex Vivo
Living thing initially from living thing in
before ( Louis Pasteur , 1822 - 1895 )
5. Theory Uray and Stanley Miller
Living thing initially from chemistry
reaction , CH4 ( metana ), NH3
( amoniak ), H2 ( hidrogen ), H2O ( air )

VARIABILITY OF LIVING THING

Evolution Theory
1. La Mark Theory
Evolution is caused by adaptation , new
characteristic is happened by influence
of environment ( long time ago giraffe
have short neck but now giraffe have a
long neck because giraffe is adapted
with its environment ( giraffe like to eat
tip of leap )

2. Darwin Theory
Evolution theory from Darwin is written in
his book with title The Origin of Species
by Means of Natural Selection he said
evolution is happened by natural selection
This time giraffe have a long neck
because giraffe with a short neck are
annihilated or destroyed

Natural selection are caused by

1.
2.
3.
4.

Reproduction are resulted a new variant

Over production
Struggle for existence / Survival for life
Inheritance of variations

3. Weisman Theory
Evolution is a problem of genetic , how
characteristic of gen is descended to
couple sel
4. De Vries Thory
Evolution is caused by gen mutation

Reproduction of living thing

1 Reproduction of living thing with one sel
a. Amitosis
b. Mitosis
2. Reproduction of living thing with multiple
sel
a. Asexual
b. sexual

VARIABILITY OF LIVING THING

Kingdom of Plantea
1. Thallophyta
simple plant without real roof , stem
and leaf , Alga , Fungi , Bryophyte
2. Pteridophyta
Plant with real roof, stem and leaf ,
Pakis
3. Spermatophyta
plant with flower and fruit

Kingdom of Animalia
1. Protozoa
Animal with one sel , Amuba,
Paramaecyum and euglena
2. Porifera
Animal with many hole ( fori ) in all of the
body ( Spons )
3. Coelentrata
Jelly fish

4. Plathelminthes
flat worm
5. Nemathelminthes
rooler worm / stomach worm
6. Annelidae
Groun worm
7. Echinodermata
8. Mollusca
9. Arthropoda
10. Chordata
a. Pisces
b. Amphiby
c. Reptyl
d. Aves
e. Mamalia