16/08/2015

AE6030:AdvancedPotentialFlow,ClassNotes

AE6030:AdvancedPotentialFlow,ClassNotes
Section#1
BasicConceptsandResultsinAerodynamics
FreestreamVector:Velocityofthefluidfaraheadoftheobjectintheflow,undisturbedbythe
presenceoftheobject.
Lift:Forceperpendiculartothefreestream,actingontheaircraft.
Lift=dynamicpressureXplanformareaXliftcoefficient.

Drag:Forcealongthefreestream,actingontheaircraft.
Drag=dynamicpressureXplanformareaXdragcoefficient.

DynamicPressure:

or,

whereistheundisturbedfreestreamdensity,isfreestreamspeed,istheratioofspecificheatsandis
thefreestreamMachnumber.
AspectRatio:

whereisthebisthespanandistheSplanformareaofthewing.Fora2Dairfoil
LiftCurveSlopeofanairfoil:

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AE6030:AdvancedPotentialFlow,ClassNotes

Thisisderivedfrom"thinairfoiltheory"inlowspeedflowswhereMachnumberiscloseto0.
Insubsonicflow,

Insupersonicflows,

FiniteWingVortexsystem

Pressuredifferencebetweenupperandlowersurfacesmustvanishattipsofthewing.Therearetwo
effectsofthis,
a)Lossinlift,comparedto2Dairfoils.
b)Induceddrag,i.e.draginducedbytheforcevectortiltingbackwardsasaresultoftheinduced
downwash..

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AE6030:AdvancedPotentialFlow,ClassNotes

Importantpoints
1.Sinceinduceddragisdirectlyrelatedtotheliftitcanbecalculatedbythesamemathematical
formulationusedtocalculatelift.
2.Doesnotrequireconsiderationofviscosity.
3.Noinduceddragon2Dairfoilsundersteadyconditions.
4.AtfiniteAspectratios,

5.Idealellipticliftdistributionimpliesminimuminduceddrag,i.e,efficiencye=1.
6.AtlowMachnumbersdragonwelldesignedaircraftisprimarilyduetoinduceddrag.
Gotosection2>>Gotothenotesindex

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