PTOMN PRBHOV AS

(PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE)

Ptomn prbhov as vyjaduje dj, kter se odehrv prv tehdy, kdy o nm mluvme
(prv jdu do koly, ona prv te, my se te nedvme na televizi). Me vak vyjadovat i dal
situace.
Je dleit odliovat tento dj od ptomnho dje, kter se pravideln v souasnosti opakuje
(chodm do koly, ona asto te, my se nkdy dvme na televizi). Pro tyto dje pouv
anglitina ptomn prost as.
Pro zdraznn ptomnho prbhovho asu asto pouvme pslovce:
- NOW te
- JUST NOW prv te.

STRUKTURA PTOMNHO PRBHOVHO ASU

PODMT

PODMT

SLOVESO TO BE
V PTOMNM ASE

SLOVESO TO BE
V PTOMNM ASE

I am writing
you are writing
he is writing
we are writing
you are writing
they are writing

PEST PTOMN
INN VZNAMOVHO
SLOVESA

HOL NEURITEK
VZNAMOVHO
SLOVESA + ING

(Im writing)
(youre writing)
(hes writing)
(were writing)
(youre writing)
(theyre writing)

- I am going to school. (Prv jdu do koly.)

- He is reading a book. (On te te knku.)
- We are writing a letter. (Prv peme dopis.)

Otzka a zpor ptomnho prbhovho asu se tvo analogicky jako u samostatnho

slovesa TO BE obrcenm slovosledu mezi podmtem a tvarem slovesa TO BE
a pidnm NOT ke tvaru slovesa TO BE.
- I am not going to school.
- He is not reading a book.
- We are not writing a letter.

Im not going to school.

He isnt reading a book.
We arent writing a letter.

- Am I going to school?
- Is he reading a book?
- Are we writing a letter?

Yes, I am. No, I arent.

Yes, he is. No, he isnt.
Yes, we are. No, we arent.

DAL POUIT PTOMNHO PRBHOVHO ASU

Ptomn prbhov as meme pout i pro popis dje, kter zaal, neskonil a kter bude
pokraovat v budoucnosti. Dj neprobh v moment, kdy o nm mluvme, ale nap. pouvme
vraz "at the moment".
- We are painting the flat at the moment. (Te, v tchto dnech, momentln malujeme byt.)
Ptomn prbhov as pouvme, kdy mluvme o zmnch nebo trendech. asto tehdy
pouijeme ve vt vraz THESE DAYS, NOWADAYS, atd.
- The earth's climate is getting warmer.
- These days more and more people are going abroad for their holidays.
Ptomn prbhov as pouvme tak pro vyjden budoucho dje, kter se odehraje v
blzk budoucnosti, nebo takovho budoucho dje, kter bude vsledkem dohody, kterou jsme ji s
nkm uzaveli:
- I am leaving on Monday. (Odjdm-odjedu v pondl.)
- Can you come and see me tonight? I can't, I'm playing chess with Sally.

SLOVESA, KTER SE NEPOUVAJ

V PRBHOVCH TVARECH
Slovesa pasivnho vnmn: SEE (vidt - nikoli setkat se), HEAR (slyet - nikoli chodit na pednky
atd.), SMELL (vont, pchnout - ne pivont, piichnout), TASTE (chutnat - nikoli ochutnat), NOTICE
(zpozorovat), RECOGNIZE (rozpoznat, poznat);
Slovesa pasivnch duevnch pochod: THINK (myslet - nikoli pemlet o nem), KNOW (vdt,
znt), BELIEVE (vit), REMEMBER (pamatovat si), FORGET (zapomenout), UNDERSTAND
(rozumt, chpat), ADMIT (pipustit), ASSUME (pedpokldat), MEAN (mnit, znamenat), SUPPOSE
(pedpokldat), DOUBT (pochybovat), REALIZE (uvdomit si), AGREE (souhlasit), GUESS (amer.
myslet), MIND (namtat), CONFUSE (plst co), IMAGINE (pedstavit si), FEEL (myslet - nikoli ctit se,
nahmatat);
Slovesa s vznamem chtn: WANT (chtt), NEED (potebovat), WISH (pt si), INTEND (zamlet,
mt v myslu);
Slovesa s vznamem citov preference: LIKE (mt rd, lbit se), LOVE (milovat), HATE (nemt rd,
nenvidt - nikoli oklivit si), PREFER (upednostovat, mt radji), CARE FOR (milovat - nikoli starat
se), ADMIRE (obdivovat);
Slovesa s vznamem pekvapen: SURPRISE (pekvapit), ASTONISH (ohromit), SHOCK
(okovat), IMPRESS (uinit dojem, zapsobit);
Slovesa s vznamem "zdt se": SEEM (zdt se), APPEAR (objevit se, zdt se), RESEMBLE
(pipomnat);
Dal slovesa: CONSIST OF (skldat se z), CONTAIN (obsahovat), POSSESS (vlastnit), OWN
(vlastnit), OWE (dluit), BELONG TO (patit komu), INCLUDE (zahrnovat), COST (stt penze),
INVOLVE (znamenat, zahrnovat), MEASURE (mit - nikoli mit nco), WEIGH (vit - nikoli vit
nco), CONCERN (tkat se neho), FIT (padnout, sluet), MATTER (vadit - Does it matter? Vad
to?).

Objev-li se pece nkter z uvedench sloves v prbhovch tvarech, pak tyto tvary nevyjaduj
probhajc dj ale:
Zdrazuj opakovn dje s citovm zabarvenm nelibosti, obvykle se slovy always, never,
constantly (pod) - nco se dje pli asto.
- I'm always forgetting my keys.
- His wife is constantly wanting money for new clothes.
- He is forever asking me these questions.
Aktualizuj dj do souasnho okamiku.
- What are you thinking about?
- The slide you are seeing is from the year 1990.
- How are you liking Prague? (Jak se ti tu v Praze lb?)
- Your error is costing me a lot of money.
U sloves smyslovho vnmn nebo i jinch jde o penesen vznam.
- I am seeing him tomorrow. (= meeting him) (Setkm se s nm ztra.)
- When shall I be seeing you again? (Kdy se znova uvidme?)
- Mary is tasting the meal. (action) - The meal tastes awful. (non action)
- He is having dinner. (action) - He has a new car. (non action)
- He is looking at this picture. (action) - She looks lovely. (non action)