/


<',
E,






:<
,'

>'>
D<>

& s K <
&sK<





&D,


D





M

,

d






D&



D
^dh/K>
DKs/D/EdK
z ^h^ h^^
z^h^h^^

^


^




&
KK

& dp&
F=
dt

NOTA = 0.6 EXfinal + 0.1MQ + 0.1EvC1 + 0.1EvC2 + 0.1LAB



>>
 
>

DKs/D/EdKdZE^>/MEZKd/ME&KZD/ME

h

 
k
&
&
r = ( x, y , z ) = xi + yj + zk , de mdulo r = r = x 2 + y 2 + z 2
&
r = ( x, y, z)
 
j

i
>
&
r (t ) = ( x (t ), y (t ), z (t ) )  
& & &
 r = r2 r1 = ( x2 x1 , y2 y1 , z2 z1 )
&
^ dr = ( dx, dy , dz )
&
&
&
&
r
d r & dx dy dz

v (t )
=
=r =
,
,
v = lim t 0

t
dt

dt dt dt
&
v (t ) 
&

r (t )
&
&
& & dv d 2 r & d 2 x d 2 y d 2 z
=
=r = 2 , 2 , 2
> a = v =
dt dt 2
dt dt dt

&
&
&
r (t ) = v (t )dt + C = vx (t )dt + C x , v y (t )dt + C y , v z (t )dt + C z
&
&
WW
a (t ) = (0,0, g ) v (t = 0) = (2,0,1)
W

&
v (t ) = v(t )v(t ) = vv
v = vector tangente unitario

&

v (t )

&
&
dv d (v v )
dv
dv

=
= v + v
> a (t ) =
z dv v
dt
dt
dt
dt
dt

aT v

&
a

d (v v)
dv d ( v )
n

= 2v =
=0
dt

dt

dt

&
& &
dv
dv
a (t ) = v + v n = aT + a N

v
dt
dt
&

&
r (t )

aN n

a 
  &
&

 v  v
v(t )

&
&
d
W
dr
&
r (t )
d
r

v(t + dt )
&
d

dr = d" = RCURV d 

RCURV
&
RCURV
dr
dv
v = 1
^
= d =
RCURV
& v
dv d
1 dr
v
dv
&
v2
=
=
=
RCURV = v

W
a N = n
dt
dt RCURV dt RCURV
dt
RC
& &
& & &
v v
a = aT + a N
Z v(t ) = = &
v v

&
dv
v2
&
dv
dv dv
&

=
=
a
n
v
n

a
v
=
N
T

n(t ) =
v (t )

dt
RC
dt
dt dt

dv

dv = v d = d

RC = v

dv
dt

 

WW

dD >D
 

>E
>E
>E 
&
^dd/ F = 0
>E
&

& &.
F = ma = p

&
&

p = mv
>>
&

&
F1
F


&
m
>^/E 1N = 1kg 2
F2
s
 
&
&  
& &
F = ma  
F
1 , F2 ...
& &

a1 , a2 ...
F1 F2
 

m=

a1

a2

= ...

&
&
& t2 &
F
^
I
t1  t2
I = Fdt
& & t1
>E d I =p

>E

WWWW

W
WW

>E 
&

r (t )
& &
C1 C2
^
& &
& &
& & &
&
r0 = r (t0 ) v0 = v (t0 )

r0 = f ( C 1 , C 2 , t 0 )
t0

& &

& &

&
&
f & &
(C1 , C 2 , t0 )
v0 =
t

&

& & &

r0 , v0
^

C1 , C2
&
r (t ) = r (r0 , v0 , t )
&
 F = F (t )
&

d 2r &
1 &
&
dt
m
F
(
t
)
r
(
t
)
F
(
t
)
dt
=

=
/
t
t

dt 2
m &

&
&
& F
m a = F a = = ct
>E
&
m
/ r& (t ) = C& + C& t + 1 F t 2
1
2
2m
&
& &
&
r (t0 ) = r0 , r (t0 ) = v0


&
&
1 F 2 & & F
&
& & &
r (t0 ) = r0 = C1 + C2 t0 +
t0 C2 = v0 t0
m
2m
&
&

& F
& & &
1F 2
&
&

r (t0 ) = v0 = C2 + t0
C = r v t +
t
1 0 0 0 2 m 0
m

>
&
&
& &
1F
r (t ) = r0 + v0 (t t0 ) +
(t t0 ) 2
2m


 
&
&

&

&

&

& m a = F = mg a =

F &
= g = ct
m

y
^

( x, y ) 
&
&
& &
1F
r (t ) = r0 + v0 (t t0 ) +
(t t0 ) 2 
2m

&

&
v

&
F

&

Z FRD = D N , FRD = D Nv

v0

&
&
F
v
FRD
^^
N
RD

v(t )

>
 

 
v0 = 3 ms 1
,
D = 0.1

K 
x<0
&, FH = k (l l N )

x = l lN

k


x = x
F = ml = mx = kx 

FH = 0

x(t ) = A sin( (t t0 ) + 0 ) 

x(t0 )
v(t0 ) 2
2E
2
sin

=
=
+
=
A
x
(
t
)
0

0
2
A

T = 2

W

FH > 0

x=0

m
x>0

FH < 0

K
D

&

&

^
M ( P)
F
&
&
 W
&

&
M (P)

M ( P ) = r( P ) F
&
& &
P
r( P ) = r rP 
W 
&
P
^
L( P )
&
&
&
L( P ) = r( P ) p
& dp&
>E
& F = dt
r( P )

&
&
^W
r( P ) = v

&
F
&
F

&
r( P )
&
L( P)

&
p

&

&
p

r( P)
&
&
&
dp d &
& & &
&
= (r( P ) p )  v p = v mv = 0 
 r( P )
dt dt
&
W
^
&
dL( P )
= M ( P ) 
W
dt
W

i
& &
A B Ax
Bx

j
Ay
By

Az = ( Ay Bz Az By , Az Bx Ax Bz , Ax By Ay Bx )
Bz

&

&

Y(P)

M (P)
t1  t2

t2
&
&
&
&
Y( P ) = M ( P ) dt  d Y(P) =L(P)

t1


&
&
^
L
F =0
( P ) = const P
&
K

L( O ) = const &
L
=
const
 ( C )
&
h
  ^
^



&
mm
FGU = G 1 2 2 r
r

&
FC
C


&
 dL&
&
dL
(C )
= M (C ) (C ) = 0
dt
dt
^
&
><
L(C )
s

&
TB

C
&
T
W

&
mm
>< >E
FGU = G 1 2 2 r
r
W>
b
>

a

^>
>
&
 L( C ) = const


d>




 T 2 a 3
K


&
L &
(C )

&
Fi

d

&
Wi 
F


i
&
&
&
r
r1
r2

& &
Wi = Fi dr

&
r1

&
: r1

&

&
r2

&
dr

&

^ 
dr = v dt
Wi

&
& &
F
i = Fi v
 i
Wi = i dt 
t2

W
>^/ J = N m t 1W = 1 J
 s
&
>
r ( )

 ^

&
&
&
^
r
(

)
=
(
x
(

),
y
(

),
z
(

)),
P
=
r
(

)
,
P
=
r
(2 )
1
1
2
&
&
r2
2
2
&
& &
& dr

dy
dz
dx
Fi
Wi = Fi dr = Fi d = Fx
+ Fy
+ Fz
d
&
&
d
d
d
d
2

: r1
1
1
dr
W
W
&
r ( )

1
W^
&
& &
& &
& & & & &
&
F = FTOT = F1 + F2 + ... = ma dWTOT = FTOT dr = F1 dr + F2 dr + ... = dW1 + dW2 + ...
t1

&
&
&
& &
dv &
d 1
1
W FTOT dr = ma dr = m v dt = mv 2 dt = d mv 2 /
dt
dt 2

W
1

1
2
2
W = mv = Ec >
W1 + W2 + ... = Ec
Ec = m v
2
2

&&
&
&
&
U U U
U (r )
F(r )

h

,
,
F = U =
x
y
z

>h  U 

' '
2
U
U
U
&
dz = dU
dy +
dx +
W = F dr = ( Fx dx + Fy dy + Fz dz ) =
dr
z
y
x 2
&
&
1
r ( )
&
F

W12 = dU = [U (2) U (1)] = U
F
i

d

&&

F(r ) 

& &
F
dr = 0
curva cerrada

W = U

& &
F dr 

& &
>h U = F dr + ct = ( Fx dx + Fy dy + Fz dz ) + ct

U ( x) = F ( x) dx + ct

WY
& &

dU = F dr = Fx dx Fy dy Fx =

U
x

Fy =

U
y

^
2U 2U  Fx Fy
=
W
=
y
x
xy yx
WW
&
&
F
^
r =r
& &
&

F (r ) = F (r )r
U (r ) = F ( r )r dr + ct = F (r )dr + ct




h

& &
&
dU = F dr
&&
&
&
Fg = mg U = m g y + ct
U = F r + ct 
F = cte

&
&
k
k
mm
F = 2 r U (r ) =
FGU = G 1 2 2 r
>
r
r
r
&
1 q1q2

r
> FC =
2
1
r

4
2
0
FH = kx U(x) = (kx) dx = k x + ct
2
2
2
&
&

 FRDS = D Nv W12 = ( D N )v dr = D N d" = D N" 12

1

^
E 




&
/
& & & & & & R&
& &
& & &
F = FTOT = ma = R1 + F2 + ... D
& dr ma& dr &= R1 dr + F2 dr + ...
& &
&

dr
R1 dr = 0
R v = dr dt
&
&
&
&

 F2 + ... + Fn ma dr = 0

& &
& &
& &
& &
/ F dr = F1 dr + F2 dr +... + Fn dr 



Ec = U Fcons + WF NO cons WF NO cons = ( Ec + U )

WWW

WWYWWWYY

Ec + U = E = ct
^
dE
=0

dt


d^N  N
>E>
&
&


F
F
 W
D
&
&
& &
 F
// r (= r r )
1 2

1 2

>>E
W
& (ext )
mi &
F
&

i
(ext )
Fi
 

mi

&
Fji

&
Fij

mj

&
>E

&

& ext

& int
& int
Fi j = F j i

&
& &.
+ F jinti = mi ai = p i
&
& ext
& ext dP
&. j &.
= p i = P  FTOT = F =
dt
i

>>E Fi = Fi

&

&
& ext & ext
i Fi =i Fi = FTOT
&
&
^
F ext = 0
P = ct

^ FTOT =

&
&
1
RCM =
mi ri
M = mi
DD

M i
.
&
&
&
&
&
i
&
P =
ext

p = MV

CM

= P = MACM



WW

EW
&
1
RCM =
(m1r&1 + m2 r&2 ) = 1 (( M m2 )r&1 + m2 r&2 ) = r&1 + m2 (r&2 r&1 )
M
M
M
 M = m1 + m2 m1 = M m2

& &
r2 r1

1
&
r1

&
RCM

CM

W


&

&

&
&
 L =
Li (Q ) = ri (Q ) mi vi
(Q )
&
&
& &
i
i

ri ( Q ) = ri rQ W RCM
&

&
&
dL(Q )
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
= vi ( Q ) mi vi + ri ( Q ) mi ai = vi mi vi vQ mi vi + ri ( Q ) Fi = M (Q ) vQ mi vi
dt
i
i
i
i
i
& int &i
^
Fi j // rij
&
& ext
&
&
&
M (Q ) = M ( Q ) dL(Q ) dt = M (extQ) v&Q MVCM

YY
&

&
& ext
& ext dL(Q )
L
M
=
0
YY
D

( Q ) = ct
(Q )
M (Q ) =
dt
YD
Y W
YW

WWYYY




&
&
&

&
&
&
&
int
int
dW12 = F1int
2 dr2 + F2 1 dr1 = F1 2 (dr2 dr1 )

>E^
&
& &
rrel = r2 r1


&
& &
&
&
&
dW12 = F12 (rrel ) drrel = U (rrel ) drrel = dU

h
^
U = U iext +
U ijint
E = EC + U = ct ^

WW

parejas

WWYYYY

WFext NO CONS = ( EC + U )


h
  E
Y d

^

&
&
& &
 I = p = m(vD v A ), en modulo 4.8 N s
>
 
WZ/E/W/KDZd/>>K

Fmedia =

&
I

= 1000 N




^

W

&
& ext
F 0 & P
& = ct
PD = PA

W

&
v1(ini)

m1

m1

D &
v2(ini )
>
m2

&
W

m2

1
1
1
1
m1v12, D + m2 v22, D = m1v12, A + m2 v22, A
2
2
2
2
N
m

&
vA

, i = 1,2
&
P
= ct

//
i,D

&
vD

/W vD// = v A//

E 
/

&
v2( fi)

^





&
v1( fi)

&
v1, D

&
v1, A
1

=v

//
i, A

&
v2 , A

&
v2 , D

W
^  

e=

v1( D ) v2( D )
v1( A) v2( A)

^

^
WW

WWW