::

::
::
::
::

:,

: ,, ( )

: .

: (Kyat)
:

-2-

(Myanmar)

(Republic of the Union of Myanmar)


2,185

 1,930
676,578
40 2

9 29
92 102
24 60.28

: (Naypyidaw)
(Burmese)

90 5

3.8
0.05

(Kaba Ma Kyei)
""
"Till the End of the World,

Burma" "We Shall Never Give Up Our Motherland,

Burma"
.. 2490

-3-

21 ..2553
3

(longyi)

(lun

taya acheik)

-4-

(Kyat)
31.41 1 1030.10 1
( .. 2558)



-





-5

42,953
2.9
: 1,711

1,160

90
- - - - - - - - 2,140

 ..
2481

2
(Burma proper)
(Frontier Areas)
-6-

..

1948






.. 1988

(SLORC)


..1990

(NLD)


SLORC
NLD

(Veto)





10 .. 2008

-7 ..2010
20 .. 2008
(Thein
Sein)

..2011

..2011

..2013

-8


(AEC)



.. 2015

(USPD)
(NLD)

8 2558
25

-9

SWOT
Strengths

Weaknesses

1. .

1.

2.

2.

3.

4.

Opportunities

Threats

1.

1.

2.

2.

-10-

(Military Council)
(State Peace and Development Council SPDC) (Senior General Than
Shwe)

 (state)

) 7 (division) (
)
, ..

()

HIV/AIDS




..




Freedom From Fear

-11 ..

..

..

..


NLD (National League for Democracy)

-12-

Roadmap


(Roadmap)

Convention

National

Road map








Road map
-

,
,
,
,
,

,
-
Congress for National Unity
(CNU)

CNU
..
CNU



,
,
-13

-






Road map


..

Road map NLD

Road map

 Road map

Road map


Road map




NLD
(NC National Convention)

NLD

NLD

NLD
NLD

Road map

 Road map


..
-14-

NLD

32

A news vendor displays local newspapers on a street in Yangon

November 9, 2015. Voting unfolded smoothly in Myanmar on
Sunday with no reports of violence to puncture a mood of
jubilation marking the Southeast Asian nation's first free
nationwide election


NLD

NLD

NLD
NLD 70%

-15 NLD
67%

25%

32

Leader of Myanmar's National League for Democracy party,

Aung San Suu Kyi, center, delivers a speech from a balcony of
the party headquarters in Yangon, Myanmar, Monday, Nov. 9,
2015.
Htay

Oo

Union

Solidarity

Development Party USDP

USDP Shwe Mann

Phil

Robertson

Human Right Watch 25

-16-

A group of opposition supporters take a selfie as hundreds of

people gather outside the opposition party headquarters despite
rain in Yangon, Myanmar, Nov. 9, 2015.
Mark Green International Republican

 Asian Network for Free Elections

-17-



800,000 . 2010 2012

NLD

-18-

.
.

NLD

.

16 .. 58 (.)

NLD

NLD 78
387 498
166
USDP
41

 .
90



NLD

-19-

-20

( Bunga Raya )

 ""

14

14

13

-21
31
( Merdeka Eve )

( )

(Malaysia)
-
-
11

() 2
3
() ()

-22 - 128,430 (329,758 )

- (Kuala Lumpur)
- (Putrajaya)
- 28
26.24 ( 2549)
(Bahasa Malaysia )
( 60.4) (
19.2) ( 11.6) ( 6.3) ( 2.5)
( 3.20 /1
10.42 /1 )
(Parliamentary
Democracy)
( Multiracial

Society)

 (Multiracial
Society)


82

-23 50.4

23.7

7.1 ()

(Orang

Asli)
3 20

""

-24

1,000
19

80

30

13

-25-

(Federal Government)

(State Government)

1



(Lord Reid)
(Sir lvor Jennings)
1

..
1957

3

15
.. 1948 (Federation of Malaya
Agreement) .. 1963

2


.. 1957 .. 1994
34

26-

(1) (Yang-diPertuan
Agong) 9
(
) 5
(2)
(Menteri Besar Chief Minister
)

 Al-Wathiqu Billah Tuanku Mizan

Zainal Abidin ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah
Shah 13

(
13 2549)

UMNO



1.

2.

3.

13


3

13 (states - negeri-negeri) 3
(
)

 ()
1. (Kelantan) () 14.9
..
1.4



Rebana Ubi
Wayang Kulit
Kota Bharu

2. (Kedah) ( ) ( ) 9.4
..


-27 1.6
Bujang
Valley, Gunung Jerai Foothill Alor Setar
4 Alor Setar

.

3. (Terengganu) ()
13 ..

 9 Kuala Terengganu
Sutera Semai Center

Pantai Batu Buruk Gelanggang Seni
Pulau Duyong


4.
() (Negeri Sembilan)
Negeri Sembilan 9
9
Minangabau

6.6 .. 9
Seremban

5. (Pahang) () 36 ..
1.3
Cameron Highland

Genting Highland Resort
Frazers Hill Resort
Tioman Island
Kuantan

6. (Perlis) () 0.8 .
. 2
Kangar

 Arau

Kuala

Perlis

(Langkawi Island)

(Padand Besar)



7. (Penang) ( ) 1.1
.. 1.2

George

Town

-288. (Perak) ( ) 21

..

2 Ipoh Taiping


9. (Malacca)

() 1.7

.. 6.5
Parameswara

 .. 1943
Malacca
Town

10. () (Johore) 20
.. 2.8

Johor

Bahru

11. ( ) (Selangor)

.. 25
4.1

Shah Alam Kuala Lumpur

International

Airport

Port

Klang "Gateway to Malaysia"

()
1. ( ) (Sabah)

North Borneo
Kota Kinabalu Jesselton
72.5 .. 2.5



2. () (Sarawak)

Kuching

124.5

..

2.2

1. (Kuala Lumpur) "

(Muddy Confluence)"

(Selangor) 0.2 .. 1.5

-292. (Putrajaya)
.

4,932
25 3.5

3. (Cyberjaya)

Multimedia
Multimedia

Super

Corridor
750

Bill Gate

1. () (Labuan)

.. 2389
.. 2506

International Offshore Financial Centre (IOFC)
98 .. 7.8

(Federal Government) (State

Government)
(Yang di-pertuan

Agong)
9 5
Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni AlMarhum ( 13 2549)
(Parliament System)
(House of Representative)
(Senate)

-30-

3
1.


2 (Senate
Dewan Negara) 70 2
44 26
13 (State
Legislatures)

2 6

(House of Representative Dewan Rakyat)

1 219

5 ( 21
2547)
-

(Barisan Nasional : BN)

199 ( 91
)
14
United Malays National Organization (UMNO) 110 ,
Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) 31 , Parti
Pesaka Bumiputra Bersatu (PBB) 11 , Gerakan
Rakyat Malaysia Party (PGRM) 10 Malaysian
India Congress (MIC) 9 28

20 4 Democratic Action
Party (DAP) 12 , Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (PAS)
6 , Keadilan 1 Bebas 1
2.
2
- (Prime Minister)



Abdullah Bin Ahmad Badawi
31 2546 Mohamed
Najib Bin Abdul Razak 7 2547
- (Cabinet)

3.
Common Law

-31-

1)

2563 (Vision 2020) .

2)

3)

(Organisation of Islamic Conference
OIC)

 OIC ( 57 )

(Federation of Malaya)
11

76 (British
High Commissioner) .. 1955
98 52


2






(Conference of Rulers)







15


3
5

78 12 7

-32 .. 1952


1955

( . : Communist Party

of Malaya CPM)

..
1948

.. 1960

.. 1957

(Federation of Malaysia) 16
1963
(Kuala Lumpur)

.. 1963






153


160

-33

.. 1969










(Confrontation Confrontasi) ..
1966 (Sukarno)


2
1965

(Peoples Action Party PAP)


2

21
3

1
(Bumiputerism)

1969

2
(New Economic Policy NEP)
.. 1970-1990 2020
(Vision 2020) .. 1991
30



-34-

(patronage)
2

3

(Alliance Party) (Alliance
Organization) 2
(Malayan
Chinese Association MCA)
(Malayan Indian Congress
MIC)
.. 1969


(National
Barisan Nasional BN) .. 1947
2


(consociationalism)

-35-

...!! - . ...

.
2015 .


Goods and Services Tax (GST)


1

Bantuan Rakyat 1Malaysia (BR1M) .

-36 17 2015
.

Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB)

Terengganu

Investment

Autority TIA 2008 2009

1 Malaysia
Development Berhad (1MDB)

(Tan

Sri

Muhyiddin Yassin)

27 2015

28 2015

-37-

18 2015

Keith Leong

Khairy
Jamaluddin


Najib Razak


popular vote

-38 Anwar Ibrahim

-39-


50 24
11 7
8

153

(United Malays National Organisation UMNO)

1971 New Economic
Policy (NEP)

2010
New Economic Model
(NEM) NEP NEM

NEP/NEM

Kuala Dimensi
100
Port Klang Authority 1

-40

 ()


(Government Linked Companies)

(Barisan Nasional BN)




.

( 2008 2013)

1999

( )

(fairly)

-41

 2000-2012
1.30 5.90 2009 7.60
2009 ( )

3 3.30 2013

3 2008

56

-42-

SWAT

1.

2.

3.

4.

10

IMD 2549
ICT 18
48

5.

6.

 2010

-43-

1.

2.

1.

2008
30.3 100
12.82 100
2009 6

2.


600

1.
UMNO

UMNO

2.

3. 1

: ()

1. , ,
http://www.apecthai.org/apec/th/profile1.php?continentid=2&cou
ntry=m9, accessed 28 April 2013
2. Lee Hock Guan, Malaysia in 2007: Abdullah Administration
under Siege, Southeast Asian Affairs, Vol. 2008, pp.187-206.
3. Indian Votes Still Matters And Up For Grabs In GE 13, The

Kuala Lumpur Post, 23 April 2013,

http://www.kualalumpurpost.net/indian-votes-still-matters-andup-for-grabs-in-ge-13/
4. Kongsi concept key to our peace and harmony, News

Straits Times, 14 April 2013.

5. Wan Saiful Wan Jan, New Economic Model: Is the Malaysian
government serious about economic liberalisation? FriedrichNaumann-Stiftung fr die Freiheit, http://ideas.org.my/wpcontent/uploads/2011/09/Malaysias-New-Economic-ModelSept-2011-FNF.pdf
6. Najib Warns Anwar Malaysia Election Win Spells Disaster,

Bloomberg, 17 April 2013,

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-17/najib-warnsanwar-malaysia-election-win-spells-disaster.html

7. MALAYSIA GDP GROWTH RATE, Trading Economics,

http://www.tradingeconomics.com/malaysia/gdp-growth,
accessed 1 May 2013
8. Arnold Puyok, Malaysias 13th general election, East Asia
Forum, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2013/05/02/malaysias13th-general-election/)

www.baanjomyut.com

27

2556,

http://www.thaiworld.org/thn/thailand_monitor/answera.php?que
stion_id=1263)
: data.thaiauto.or.th
:

KERO uAsean.com
,
,youtube

: ()

https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/

(: 12
2558)

AEC" http://www.thaiworld.org/
th/thailand_monitor/answer.php?question_id=1 3 1 3 (
: 12 2558)
-- -

http://www.ryt9.com/s/bmnd/2296288 (:
12 2558)
kitty:

http://siwapornpearwa.blogspot.com(:
12 2558)
. : .
,.., .. ,
. : ..()
()


..
. : .
..
,

,., , .
,

: ,

.,

( )
http://www.voathai.com/

16 2558 | Mthai

News Reporter

1 - 5

- 9
SWOT
9


10

11
Roadmap
12 - 13
NLD

14 - 17
.
18 - 19

20 24

25 - 29

29 30
,
31 32

32 34
.
35 36

37 38

39 41
SWAT
42 - 43