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Email:mail@pact.gov.np,Website:www.pact.gov.np

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) olta]nf t/fO{s
{ f cfGbf]ngsf/L elgg]x?nfO{ ef/tn] ;3fO/x]sf] 5 . eGgnfO{ ef/tsf] ;dy{g 5}g elg/x]sf] 5 . t/ t:jL/ lng gkfOg] bzuhfdf
cfGbf]ngsf/LnfO{ uf;af;sf] Joj:yf ldnfPsf] 5 . cfkm\gf gful/snfO{ cfGbf]ngdf k7fPsf] 5 . jL/u+hdf 9'u+ fd'9f ug]{ ef/tLo k|bz{gsf/L g]kfnL
;'/IffsdL{sf] k|lt/Iffsf qmddf uf]nL rnfpFbf d[To' ePaf6 ef/tLo 3';k}7 k'li6 ePsf] 5 .
) xfd|f gLlt lgdf{tfn] ef/tdf lah'nL a]r/] wgL x'g] ljsf;] df]8n
] plxNo} km]n eO;Sof] . ef/t lgb]l{ zt o:tf] bl/b| lrGtgaf6 g]kfnsf] hn;|ft] ljsf;
pFef] nfUg} ;Sb}g . b]zel/sf rf/ xhf/ ufpFsf ;a} 3/w'/Ldf lah'nL an]sf] lbg, tL ;a} 3/w'/Ldf lah'nLaf6 vfgf kfs]sf] lbg / b]zdf pTkflbt
lah'nLaf6 ljB'tLo ;jf/L ;fwgdf rnfO{ k]6f l] nod kbfy{dflysf] k/lge{/tf s6f}tL ePkl5 dfq} g]kfn wgL x'g5] .
) ;Ktsf]zL g]kfnsf] cfjZostf / k|fyldstfsf] kl/of]hgf gePsf]n] o;af/] :yfgLob]lv /fli6o:t/df Jofks ax; x'g' h?/L 5 . ;/sf/n] o; ljifodf xfn;Dd cfkm\gf
gful/s;Fu s'g} 5nkmn rnfPsf] 5}g . a? ef/tLo thlahdf 8LkLcf/df h'6s] f] 5 . To;}n] g]kfnsf] clxtdf /x]sf] / ef/tLo :jfy{ h]lnPsf] ;Ktsf]zL pRrafFw s'g}
klg xfntfdf cl3 a9fOg' x'Gg . ljxf/nfO{ arfpg xfdLn] xfd|f nfvf}F hgtfsf] pl7af; nufpg' lsdfy{ a'l4dfg x'g] 5}g .
) ;Ktsf]zL pRrafFw g]kfnsf] cfjZostf / k|fyldstfsf] cfof]hgf geO{ ef/tLo cfjZostf / k|fyldstfsf] cfof]hgf xf] . g]kfnsf] cfjZostf /
k|fyldstfsf] cfof]hgf ;'gsf]zL sdnf 8fOe;{g xf] . t/, g]kfn ;/sf/ cfkm\gf] k|fyldstfsf] cfof]hgf cl3 ga9fO{ ef/tLo cfjZostfsf] of]hgfsf]
k5fl8 ntfl/Psf] 5 .

/tg e08f/L, hn;|ft] sf hfgsf/

g]kfn ;/sf/ cfkm\gf] k|fyldstfsf]

cfof]hgf cl3 ga9fO{ ef/tLo
cfjZostfsf] of]hgfsf] k5fl8
ntfl/Psf] 5 . cf]vn9'u\ f, l;Gw'nL,
vf]6f, ef]hk'/, ;\vj' f;ef, wgs'6f,
t]x|y'd, kfFry/, ;'g;/L / pbok'/
lhNnfsf ;of}F ufpFa:tLsf Ps nfv
a9L dflg;xnfO{ lj:yflkt ug]{
cfof]hgfsf] d'Vo p2]Zo g]kfnsf]
ljsf; ug'{ geO{ ljxf/nfO{ af9Laf6
hf]ufpg' xf] . !(% ju{ ls=ld=
hnfzo /xg] cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo
jiff{df af9L lgoGq0f u/L lxpFbdf
ef/tsf] ;'VvfIf]qdf l;FrfO tyf
vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ ug'{ xf] . olt w]/}
dflg; lj:yfkg ug]{ o; cfof]hgfn]
pTkfbg ug] { lah' n L eg] s f] #
xhf/b]lv ##)) d]ufjf6;Dd xf] .
ha ls g]kfnnfO{ lah'nLsf nflu
afF w lgdf{ 0 f ug] { xf] eg]
;Ktsf]zLeGbf yf]/} xflg x'g] sd
hg;+Vof lj:yfkg ug]{ $,!*)
d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] dflyNnf] s0ff{nL
hnfzo cufl8 a9fP eof] lg . xfn
ef/tLo sDkgL hLPdcf/nfO{ lbPsf]
dflyNnf] s0ff{ n LnfO{ hnfzo
cfof]hgfsf ?kdf g]kfnn] cl3 a9fP
;f] cfof]hgfn] lj:yfkg ug]{ hg;+Vof
klg sf]zLsf] t'ngfdf gu0o 5 .
g]kfnnfO{ lah'nL g} rflxPsf] xf] eg]
;Ktsf]zLeGbf a9L ljB't pTkfbg
x'g] / sd lj:yfkg lgDTofpg]
dflyNnf] s0ff{nL hnfzo lsg
gagfpg] < To;df klg ;Ktsf]zLdf
g] k fnn] cfof] h gfsf sf/0f
af9LlgoGq0f / l;FrfOdf k|of]u x'g]
cltl/St kfgLsf] d"No ltg]{ s'/f
ef/tn] clxn];Dd u/]sf] 5}g .
cfof]hgfnfO{ g]kfnsf] dfucg';f/
hnkl/jxg ;+hfn lj:tf/ ug]{
s'/fdf ef/t /fhL 5}g . pN6f]
ef/tn] o; cfof]hgfsf] kfgL gbL
hf]8 of]hgfcGtu{t d]rL / u08sdf
hf]8]/ cfkm\gf] nfvf}F xhf/ x]S6/df
l;FrfO ug]{ of]hgfcg';f/ cl3 a9]sf]
5 . t/, g]kfnn] eg] cfof]hgfsf
sf/0f ljZjsf] ;jf{lws ulx/f] c?0f
pkTosf;lxt, tdf]/, ;'gsf]zL
pkTosfx u'dfpg]5 . ToxfFsf
P]ltxfl;s, k'/ftflTjs, wfld{s,
;fF:s[lts w/f]x/x gi6 x'g]5g\ .
To; If]qsf] h}ljs ljljwtf ;+s6df
kg] { 5 . lj:yflktxn] cfly{ s ,
;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts?kdf 7"nf] d"No
r' s fpg' k g] { 5 . gbL lsgf/fsf]
pj{/e"ld, kfgL3, k'nk'n;
] f 8'afgdf
kbf{ 8fF8flt/sf afl;Gbfxn] csf]{
;f:tL v]Kg'kg]{5 . lj:yflktnfO{
k'g:yf{kgfsf nflu ef/tn] hdLg
pknAw gu/fpg] s'/f %) jif{
cl3sf] sf]zL cfof]hgfsf] cg'ejn]
k'li6 ul/;s]sf] 5 . sf]zL Aof/]hsf
lj:yflktxn] clxn] ; Dd
Ifltk"lt{sf nflu nl8/x]sf 5g\ .
) g] k fnsf] kfgLdfly ef/tn]
lgoGq0f sfod ug{ vf]Hg'sf]

p;sf] leqL p2]Zo rflxF s]

x' g ;S5 <
casf] s]xL jif{ kl5 hg;\Vofsf
cfwf/df ef/tn] rLgnfO{ pl5Gb}5
/ To;sf] k|ToIf rfk ToxfFsf] k|fs[lts
;|ft] vf;u/L kfgLdf kg]5
{ . ;'Vvf
/ v8]/Lsf sf/0f ef/tLo ls;fgx?n]
cfTdxTof ul//x]sf ;dfrf/ af/Daf/
cfO/x]sf 5g\ . pQ/ef/teGbf blIf0f
ef/tdf kfgLsf] pknAwtf hdLgsf]
t'ngfdf sd 5 . /fh:yfg t d?e"ld
g} eOxfNof] . To;} n ] a9\ b f]
hg;\VofnfO{ Wofgdf /fVb} ef/tn]
vfBfGg pTkfbgsf nflu l;FrfO /
vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{sf nflu dxTjfsf+IfL
gbL hf]8 of]hgf (Inter Linking
of Rivers Project -ILRP) df
cl3 a9]sf] 5 . ;g\ @))@ df
c6nljxf/L afhk]oL g]tT[ jsf] lah]kL
u7aGwg ;/sf/n] jiff}+{ k'/fgf] of]
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu Ao'tF fPsf]
lyof] . Tolta]nf %^ xhf/ s/f]8
ef== nfut /xg] elgPsf] o;
cfof]hgfsf] jt{dfg nfut !! nfv
s/f] 8 ef? tf] l sPsf] 5 . o;
cfof]ghfcGtu{t ef/tn] lxdfnL
If]qaf6 aUg] g]kfn;lxtsf gbLx?df
afFw afFw/] jiff{ofdsf] kfgL hDdf u/L
lxpFbdf ;'vfu|:t If]qdf kfgL n}hfg]
of]hgf agfPsf] 5 . lxdfnL If]qdf
g]kfnsf d]rL, sf]zL, u08s, s0ff{nL
/ dxfsfnL ;a} gbLnfO{ p;n] o;
kl/of]hgfdf ;d]6s
] f] 5 . To;df klg
g]kfnsf kxf8df oL hnfzo afFw
lgdf{0f gu/L p;n] cfkm\gf] ;'vf If]qdf
kfgL n}hfg g;lsg] k|ltj]bg g} tof/
u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn;lxt lxdfnL If]qsf
gbLx?sf] ## lalnog So"las ld6/
kfgL / k|fobLkLo gbLx? -blIf0f
ef/tLo gbL_ x?af6 !$! So"las
ld6/ kfgL !$,()) ls=ld= nfdf]
gx/ ;+hfndfkm{t\ ef/tn] b]ze
} / !&
s/f]8 %) nfv x]S6/df l;FrfO ug]{
vfsf sf]/s
] f] 5 . o;sf ;fy} lxdfnL
gbLx?df aGg] afFwaf6 #$ xhf/
d]ufjf6 ljB't\ pTkfbgsf] nIo
/fv]sf] 5 . o;/L pTkfbg x'g]
lah' n Ldf s0ff{ n L lr;fkfgLsf]
!)*)) d] u fjf6, ;Ktsf] z Lsf]
#,#)) d] u fjf6, k~r] Z j/ ;a}
cfof]hgfsf] lah'nL ;dfj]z u/]sf]
5 . g]kfnsf gbL hf]8\g] ;DaGwdf
ef/tn] g] k fnnfO{ clxn] ; Dd
cf}krfl/s hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5}g .
g]kfn;Fu s'g} ;xldt :jLs[lt lnPsf]
5}g . ef/tn] cfk"mv';L sf]zLsf] kfgL
u08s / d]rLdf ld;fpg], u08ssf]
kfgL u+ufdf ld;fpg], s0ff{nLsf] kfgL
klg u+ufdf ld;fpg] / dxfsfnLnfO{
lbNnL x'Fb} /fh:yfg n}hfg] of]hgf
agfPsf] 5 . ef/t a+unfb]zaLr
km/Ssf ;Demf} t f x' F b f ef/tLo
hn;|f]tdGqLn] km/Ssfsf sf/0f
ljxf/df x'g] kfgL s6f}tLnfO{ sf]zL
pRrafFwaf6 k"lt{ ul/g] pb\3f]if ug'{
/ tTsfnLg ef/tLo hn;|f]tdGqL

;}kmpl2g ;f]hn] g]kfnsf] kfgLdfly

ef/tLo :jfy{ eg]sf] klxnf] af9L
lgoGq0f, bf];|f] l;FrfO / o;}qmddf
lah'nL klg lg:s] Tof] af]g;\ xf] eGg]
s'/f @))* ;]K6]Dj/ !@ sf lbg
aLaL;L g]kfnL ;]jfd} af]n]af6
g]kfnsf] hn;|f]tnfO{ x]g]{ ef/tLo
b[li6sf]0f s] xf] eGg] cfkm}dF f k|i6
5 . To;df klg u\ufdf !# k|ltzt
If]q cf]u6\g] g]kfnsf gbLxsf]
jiff{ofddf $& / lxpFbdf &% k|ltzt
kfgLsf] of]ubfg 5 . cfufdL #)
$) jif{leq lxdfn kUng], lxdgbL
;'Sg] / u\uf a]l;gd} kfgLsf] xfxfsf/
x'g] eljiojf0fL eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf
ef/t xfd|f] hn;Dkbf bL3{sfnLg
pkof]usf nflu xTofpg rfxG5 .
) ;Ktsf]zL ag]kl5 w]/} lah'nL
pTkfbg x' g ] / ;f] lah' n L
a]r]/ g]kfn wgL x'g] ;/sf/L
wf/0ff / clwsf+zsf] a'emfO
5, o;df s] eGg'x'G5 <
d}n] cl3 g} eg]F ;Ktsf]zL
pRrafF w eGbf sd Iflt /
lj:yfkgdf a9L lah'nL dflyNnf]
s0ff{ n L hnfzo cfof] h gfaf6
lg:sG5 . To;df klg lah'nL a]r]/
xf]Og pkef]u u/]/ wgL x'g] s'/f
xf] . cfh ljZjsf s'g} klg b]z
sRrf ;|ft] a]r/] wgL ag]sf] pbfx/0f
5}g . l;+ufk'/, hfkfg, :jL6/hNof08
lah'nL a]r]/ wgL ePsf d'n's
xf]Ogg\ . oxfF e'6fgsf] pbfx/0f lbg]
ul/G5 . t/, sf7df8f}FeGbf sd
hg;+Vof -& nfvsf] xf/fxf/L_ df
/x]sf] b]z;Fu xfd|f] t'ngf x'g ;Sb}g
/ e'6fgsf] ef/tk/:t hn;|ft] gLlt
g]kfnn] cjnDag ug{;Sb}g . xfd|f
gLlt lgdf{tfn] ef/tdf lah'nL a]r/]
wgL x'g] ljsf;] df]8n
] plxNo} km]n
eO;Sof] . ef/t lgb]l{ zt o:tf] bl/b|
lrGtgaf6 g]kfnsf] hn;|ft] ljsf;
pFef] nfUg} ;Sb}g . b]zel/sf rf/
xhf/ ufpFsf ;a} 3/w'/Ldf lah'nL
an] s f] lbg, tL ;a} 3/w' / Ldf
lah'nLaf6 vfgf kfs]sf] lbg / b]zdf
pTkflbt lah'nLaf6 ljB'tLo ;jf/L
;fwgdf rnfO{ k] 6 f ] l nod
kbfy{dflysf] k/lge{/tf s6f}tL
ePkl5 dfq} g]kfn wgL x'g]5 .
To;kl5 dfq} g]kfnsf] Jofkf/ 3f6f
sd x'g]5 . t/, pTkflbt lah'nL
ef/tnfO{ a]Rg] of]hgf cl3 ;fb}{
dxFuf]df vf8Lsf] t]n lsGg] gLlt
gTofu];Dd g]kfn g k/lge{/tfaf6
dfly p7\g] 5 g t Jofkf/3f6f g}
sd ug{ ;Sg]5 .
) g]kfndf hnljB't ljsf;sf
nflu cfjZos nufgL
g e P / hg t f cGw
cG w sf / df
a:g' k/] s f] eGg] egfO 5
lg <
g]kfndf nufgLsf] cefjdf geO{
gLlt lgdf{tfsf] k/lge{/tfd'vL bl/b|
lrGtg / ljb]zL geO{ x'bF g} eGg]
dfgl;stfsf sf/0f hnljB'tsf] ;xL

ljsf; x'g g;s]sf] xf] . gLlt lgdf{tf

/ sd{ r f/LtGqn] cl3 ;f/] s f
bftfd'vL unt gLlt lgb]{zg csf]{
sf/s xf] . xfn;Ddsf ;/sf/
rnfpg] x ?, sd{ r f/LtGq, gLlt
lgdf{tfx?n] hnljB't cfof]hgf
lgdf{0fsf nflu b]zdf nufgL 5}g
eGb} sldzgsf] k|nf]egdf ljb]zL
tfSg] k| j [ l Qsf sf/0f b] z sf]
hnljB't ljsf;n] km8\sf] dfg{
g;s]sf] xf] . w]/} k/ ghfpF lxhf]sf
lbgdf dflyNnf] tfdfsf]zL :jb]zL
nufgLdf aGg'k5{ eGg] cleofg
rln/xFbf g]kfnL sfFu|];sf g]tf
k|sfzz/0f dxt dflyNnf] tfdfsf]zL
gj]l{ hogafx]s c?n] ;Sb}gg\ eGb}
lxF8]sf lyP . cflv/ tfdfsf]zL
:jb]zL nufgLd} cl3 a9\of] t .
To;}u/L lxhf]c:tL hnljB't ljsf;
sDkgLn] @ ca{sf] z]o/ cfXjfg
ubf{ b]zleq} #% ca{ p7\of] . cflv/
b]zleq k};f gePsf] eP hgtfsf]
vNtLaf6 Toqf] k}zf s;/L cfof] <
To;}n] hnljB't ljsf;sf nflu
cfjZos k"h
F L b]zleq hlQ 5, vfFrf]
s]jn OR5f zlStsf]dfq b]lvG5 .
) olta] n f ef/tn] ;Ldf+ s gsf]
ljifonfO{ lnP/ ;Ktsf] z L
/ s0ff{ n LnfO{ nlIft u/] s f]
;dfrf/ cfO/x] s f 5g\ , oL
G w df
b ' OO{{ cf o f] h
hgg f ;Da Gw
g]kfnn] ug'{kg]{ s] xf] <
klxnf] s'/f t ef/tn] g]kfnn]
cfkm\gf] cfGtl/s ljifodf s] ug]{ s]
gug]{ eGg] s'/f ef/tLo rf;f]sf] ljifo
xf]Og . hxfF;Dd ef/tn] eljiodf oL
b'O{ cfof]hgf cfk"m cg'sn
" ;+3Lo k|fGt
u7g ePsf] v08df k"mTsfpg ;lhnf]
x'g] bfp /lr/x]sf] s'/f 3fdem}F 5n{u+
5 . ;Ktsf]zL lgdf{0fsf nflu ;Kt/L,
;'g;/L, pbok'/nfO{ clg s0ff{nL
lr;fkfgLsf nflu alb{of / s}nfnLnfO{
Pp6} k|bz
] df kfg]{ v]n To;} eO/x]sf]
xf]Og . To;}n] bL3{sfnLg dxTjsf oL
cfof]hgfaf/] g]kfn ;/sf/ rgfvf]
x'g' h?/L 5 . To;df klg ;Ktsf]zL
g]kfnsf] cfjZostf / k|fyldstfsf]
kl/of] h gf gePsf] n ] o;af/]
:yfgLob]lv /fli6o:t/df Jofks ax;
x'g' h?/L 5 . ;/sf/n] o; ljifodf
xfn;Dd cfkm\gf gful/s;Fu s'g}
5nkmn rnfPsf] 5}g . a? ef/tLo
thlahdf 8LkLcf/df h'6s
] f] 5 .
To;}n] g]kfnsf] clxtdf /x]sf] /
ef/tLo :jfy{ h]lnPsf] ;Ktsf]zL
pRrafFw s'g} klg xfntfdf cl3
a9fOg' x'Gg . ljxf/nfO{ arfpg xfdLn]
xfd|f nfvf}F hgtfsf] pl7af; nufpg'
lsdfy{ a'l4dfg x'g] 5}g . g]kfnn]
sf]zLdf cfof]hgf g} cl3 a9fpg] xf]
eg] t/fO{d
{ f l;FrfO / ljB't;d]t
pTkfbg x'g] u/L ;'gsf]zL sdnf
8fOe;{g kl/of]hgf cl3 a9fOg'kb{5,
ef/tLo :jfy{sf] ljgf;sf/L ;Ktsf]zL
pRrafFw xf]Og .

@)&@ ;fn d+l;/ ^ ut] cfOtaf/

:jfledfg / /fli6otf sbflk a]Rb}gf}+

cfh g]kfn ct]Gt} uDeL/ /
r'gf}tLk"0f{ df]8af6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 .
/fhgLlts ptf/r9fjsf sf/0fn] lgs}
nfdf] ;do ;\qmd0f ef]Ug'k/]sf] g]kfn
c;f]h #, @)&@ df gofF ;lDawfg
hf/L ul/Pkl5 cg]sg vfnsf la/f]w,
gf/fh'n;
' tyf ef/tLo k'hf/Lsf
cg'ofoL k|hftflGqs v]df sfFu;
]| Lof,

!) jif{] hgo'4 / @)^@, )^# sf]

P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngotfsf] ;+qmd0f
ef]lu/x]sf] g]kfn @)&@ a}zfv !@ /
@( sf] e"sDkn] emg} ynf k/]sf] a]nf
ef/tsf] c3f]lift gfsfaGbLsf sf/0f
g]kfnL cy{tGqdf lgs} ulx/f] rf]6 k'us
] f]
5 . ljZjsf] ;jf{R] r lzv/ ;u/dfyfsf]
b]z, eujfg\ kz'kltgfysf] b]z, eujfg\

kl/l:yt / kl/a]z 7Ls oxL pvfg;Fu

d]n vfPsf] 5 . g]kfnL /fhgLlts bnx?
Pscfk;df gldNg' / cxdtfsf] sf/0f
of] kl/l:yltsf] hGdf ePsf] xf] / ef/tLo
k|wfgdGqL g/]Gb| df]bLn] eujfg
kz'kltgfynfO{ ;fem]bf/Ldf rnfpg],
eujfg\ uf}tde'4 ef/tdf hlGdPsf],
lxdfnL c+u lnk'ns
] ef/tsf] e"ld

cfk"m sDo'lg:6 eGg] t/ sDo'lg:6s}

gfddf bnfnLs/0f ub{} lxF8\g] /
k|hftGqjfbL egfpbf;Fu ef/tsf] ;Rrf
cg'ofoL aGg tF5f8d58 ug{] Pdfn],
dxfg\ cleef/f af]ss
] f] hgo'4nfO{
;+;bLo k|0ffnL;Fu ;f6\g] k|r08, s]xL
t/fO{{ s]lGb|t bnx?sf g]tf egfpFbf,
afa'/fdsf] ef/tk/:t pbff]kgf /
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbL lrGtgsf] ;Lldt
sd{rf/LtGqsf] k|efjn] cfh g]kfnn]
lgs} si6s/ / b'vbfoL ;dosf] ;fdgf
ug{' kl//x]sf] 5 . oxL df}sf 5f]k/]
;'/Iffsf] r'gf}tLsf] gfddf ef/tn]
e"kl/j]li7t g]kfnsf] kf/axg clwsf/
s'l07t u/]sf] dfq geO{ ;g\ !(&% df
ef/t ;fd|fHojfbL a]nfotL zf;gsf]
clwgdf x'bF f g]kfnn] a]nfotL;Fu u/]sf]
b'O{ kIfLo ;Demf}tfsf] ;d]t pNn+3g
u/]sf] 5 . /fhf, dxf/fhf / /f0ffx?s}
kf}/fl0fs dg;fo / kf}/fl0fs zf;g
Aoa:yfdf km:6fpg gkfPsf] g]kfn ToxL
lg/+s'ztfsf] pkh k'/fgf] zf;g
Joj:yfnfO{ ;dfKt ug{sf] lglDt rn]sf]

uf}td a'4sf] hGd:yn, ;Ltf, e[s6' L,

hgsh:tf cbDo zlQm ePsf
b]jtfx?sf] b]j:yn g]kfn cemeGbf
ljZjd} Ps dfq :jtGq / ;fa{ef}d
/fi6 g]kfndf csNkgLo 36gf 36]sf]
5 . oxfF dfgjLo ;+s6 k}bf x'gj] fnf
5 . /fHosf ;Dk"0f{ c+ux?df vnn
k'us
] f] 5 . ePsf] pTkfbg Ps 7fpFaf6
csf{] 7fpF;Dd k'ofpg ;ls/flvPsf]
5}g, gofF 9'jfgL x'g kfPs} 5}g, laBfno
hfg] afnaflnsfx? k9fOaf6 alGrt
x'g'kg{] aftfa/0fsf] ;[hgf x'Fb}5,
clw/fHosf x/]sh;f] c:ktfnx?df
cf}iflw tyf cfa:os ;fdu|Lx?sf] cefa
x'bF } u}/x]sf] 5, ljleGg 7fpFdf rf]/L,
n'6kf6, t:s/L a9\b5
} / ;a}eGbf
cfZrfo{sf] s'/f oxfFsf /fhgLltsdL{x?
of] ;+s6sf] ;dodf klg Ps ePsf
5}gg\ pN6} cfcfkm\g} xf]8afhLdf
h'l6/x]sf 5g\ .
cfh dnfO{ ;fgf] 5Fbf ;'gs
] f] Pp6f
pvfgsf] a];/L ofb cfO/x]sf]5 efO
k"m6] ujf/ n'6] xf] . cfhsf] g]kfnL ;do,

eGg'h:tf e|fds, ca}wflgs / pQ]lht

cleJolQm lbg' g]kfnL /fhgLlts
cl:y/tfs} pkh xf] / ef/tLo
la:tf/jfbsf] gff] x:tIf]k xf] . hfaf]
Pp6f ef/tLo /fhb't g]kfndfly /fhf
ag]/ zf;g u/]/ a:g ldN5 < /fli6o
d"No / dfGotfsf] sb/ x'g' k5{ ls
kb{}g < Pp6f /fhb"t b'O{ /fi6sf]
;fem]bf/L / ;dGjsf/L e"ldsf v]Ng'k5{
ls lgb] { z g lbg' k 5{ < a] n fotL
pklga]zsf lhpFbf s+sfnx? :jfwLg
/ ;fa{ef}g /fi6df x}sd rnfpg] b':;fx;
gubf{ hflt xf]n . gq xfdL g]kfnLx?
ljZjsf] x/]s s'gfs'gfdf 5l/P/ a;]sf
5f}F / ltdLx?sf sfnfst{t' glhsaf6
lgofnL /x]sf 5f}F . To;}sf] Pp6f HjnGt
pbfx/0f xf], n08gdf df]lblj?4 lazfn
k|bz{g / va/bf/L . xfdL g]kfnL aiff{a+ } if{
h+unsf sGwd'n vfP/ cfkm\gf]
/fli6otfsf] /Iffsf] lglDt hLjg /
d/0fsf] n8fOF n8\g tof/ 5f}F . t/,
g]kfnL :jfledfgnfO{ em'Sglbg] 5}gf}F .
;Rrf l5d]sLsf] gfddf sn+s ef/tn]

Pp6f s'/f Vofn u/] x'G5 ltd|f] b]zsf]

s[lif If]qdf 7'nf] of]ubfg lbPsf nfvf}+
g]kfnL s[ifs / ltdLx?s} ;Ldf ;'/Iffdf
hDd'slZd/, n2fvh:tf y'k}| 7fpFdf
cxf]/fq vl6Psf uf]vf{nL kmf}hLx?sf]
;d'xdf klg g]kfnL :jfledfgsf] lrGtg
5 . ef/t d'Qm kfg{ a[l6; ;fd|fHojfb
/ kfls:tfgL;+u n8]sf] cbDo ;fx;
/ aGb's ltd|} lvnfkdf ah|g ;Sb}g
eGg] cGwljzjf;nfO{ dgdl:t:saf6
x6fpbf pQd xf]nf .
g]kfn Pp6f g]kfn dfq ge} lhpbL
g]kfn cfdf tyf lhpbf] g]kfn dft[ed' L
xf] . xfd|f] b]z g]kfn :jflwg / ;fa{ef}d
t x'bF } xf] / Pp6f k|fs[ltsf] pkxf0f
klg xf] . k|s[ltn] a/bfg lbPsf]
g]kfnsf] lz/ ljZjsf] ;af{R] r lzv/
;u/dfyf, dgf]/d ;}of}+ lxdz+v
[ nf,
g]kfn cfdfsf] s]; em}+ ;'Gb/ em/gf,
g;f g;f em}F ;NanfpFb} au]sf xhf/f}+
glbgfnfx?, s:t'/L, d[ux? 8'aN' sL
dfg{] lxdtfnx?, ;Kt/+uL nflnu'/fF;,
cg]sf}+ /+udf ;lh;hfj6 8fFkm], do'/,
d'gfn, sf]On
{ L / lasf;sf cyfx
;Defagf af]ss
] f vflgof]Uo e'ldxf? .
Psflaxfg} cf]5o\ fgaf6 p7\g gkfpFb}
k"as
{ f] ;Ldfaf6 afbn'sf] kbf{ km6fpFb}
cf]5o\ fg;Dd cfOk'Ug] Tof] ;'gf}nf] ;"os
{ f]
Gofgf] ls/0f clg ;fd'Gg] cfFvf cufl8
g} xfFl;/x]sf lxdz[v
+ nf, cg]stfdf
Pstf ePsf] cfcfkm\g} wd{ ;+:s[lt,
e]ife'iff, /xg;xg / k/Dk/fsf] ;+/lIft
:yfg xf] , g] k fn . cem egf} F
ko{6sLo:yn xf], cn g]kfn To;}n] t
xfdL g]kfnL hLjg wfGgf / kl/jf/
rnfpg afWotfaz ljZjsf h'g;'s}
b]z, h'g;'s} :yfgdf /x] klg dfof
oxLF dft[el' dsf] x'bF f]/5
} . cflv/ xfdL
g]kfnL g kof}F . cfh g]kfn ;+s6df
56\k6fO/xFbf ljZjsf x/]s s'gf
s'gfdf 5l/P/ /x]sf g]kfnLx?nfO{
b'lv/x]sf] 5 . ;a} g]kfnLx?sf] dg
/f]O/x]sf] 5 . wGo df]bL ltdLnfO{ .
cfh ltd|} gfsfaGbLsf sf/0f cfh
x/]s g]kfnLx?n] cfkm\gf] dft[el' dk|lt
/fli6otfsf] efj emNsfpg kfP, /fli6o
Pstf k}bf eof], ljz]iftM dft[el' d
/Iffsf] ;+sNksf] ;'?jft eof] t/ df]bL
ltdLnfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] eujfg\ uf}td
a' 4 sf] hGde" l d / eujfg\
kz' k ltgfysf] z/0f clg xfdL
g]kfnLsf] ;fd' lz/ em'sfpg afWo
kfg{5
] f}+ . ltdLnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 xf]nf
g]kfnnfO{ r]kdf kf/]/ gbLgfnf x8Kg
;lsG5 eg]/ t/ xfdL g]kfnLx?
hfu?s eO;Sof}F / ca t !(%)
c;dfg ;'uf}nL ;lGw klg vf/]hL ug{
rfxG5f} + / ltdLx?n] lbgfg' l bg
cltqmd0f ub{} ;Ldf ldRg] b':k|of;sf]
la/f]w ub{} l;dfgfdf cNuf kvf{n
nufpg]5f}+ / v'nf l;dfgsf] cGTo ug{]
5f}+ .

sf7df8f}F . lrG;uf OGwgsf]

Aofkfl/s ;Demf}tf ug{ g]kfnL 6f]nL
rLg k'u]sf] 5 . 6f]nLn] ;f]daf/b]lv
rfOgf g]zgn k]6f l] nod skf{/] zg k]6f] rfOgf_ ;Fu vl/b ;Demf}tfaf/]
5nkmn yfNg]5 . 6f]nLdf k//fi6,
sfg' g , cy{ , u' 0 f:t/ ljefusf
k|ltlglw ;xefuL 5g\ . 6f]nLsf] g]tT[ j
jfl0fHo dGqfnosf ;x;lrj
zDe'k|;fb l3ld/]n] u/]sf 5g\ .
6f]nLdf cfon lgudsf tkm{af6
lgldQ sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs ;'zLn
e/fO{ / lgldQ lgb{z
] s bLks a/fn
klg ;xefuL 5g\ . 6f]nLn] k]6f]
rfOgf;Fu OGwg cfoftsf] Jofkfl/s
;Demf}tf ug{]5 . ef/tn] c3f]lift
gfsfaGbL u/]kl5 g]kfnn] rLg;Fu
Joj;flos OGwg cfk"lt{sf nflu
;dembf/L ul/;s]sf] 5 .
o;} a Lr, ;/sf/n] rLgaf6
k]6f]lnod kbfy{ cfoft ug{] clGtd
k| l qmof cl3 al9/x] s f a] n f

rLg;Fusf] d'Vo gfsf tftf]kfgL gfsf

v'nfpg] k|lqmof tTsfn cl3 a9fpg]
lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . dlGqkl/ifb\sf]
laxLaf/sf] a}7sn] tTsfnsf nflu
rLg;"u ;Ldf hf]l8Psf] tftf]kfgL /
s]? gfsf oyfzSo ;~rfng ug{
;a} k|sf/sf kxn cl3 a9fpg
;DalGwt dGqfnonfO{ lgb{z
] g lbPsf]
xf] . ;/sf/sf] lgb{z
] gcg';f/ ef}lts
of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqfno / k//fi6
dGqfnon] tTsfn kxnsb\ d L
lng]5g\ . rLgtkm{sf] ;8sv08
v'nfpg k//fi6dfkm{t\ s"6gLlts
kxnnfO{ tLj| agfpg] tyf
g]kfntkm{sf] ;8s bL3{sfnLg 9+un]
g} :t/f]Gglt ug{] ;/sf/sf] tof/L
5 . g]kfntkm{sf] s]? / tftf]kfgL
;8sv08nfO{ :t/f] G glt ug{
l9nf;':tL x'g ;Sg] l:yltsf] dWogh/
ub{} g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ klg ;8s lj:tf/
/ :t/f]Ggltdf kl/rfng ug{ ;lsg]
ljsNkdf ;d]t dlGqkl/ifb\ a}7sdf

uDeL/ kdf 5nkmn ePsf] Ps

dGqLn] hfgsf/L lbP . clxn]nfO{
;DalGwt dGqfnon] g} tTsfn kxn
ubf{ /fd| f ] x' G 5 t/ k| z f;lgs
l9nf;':tLn] OGwg cfk"lt{ ;xh x'g
g;Sg] l:ylt cfP g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{
cfjZos aGbf]a:tLsf ;fdu|L;lxt
kl/rfng ug{k' 5{ eGg] ljsNkdf klg
a}7sdf uDeL/tfk"js
{ 5nkmn ePsf]
5, tL dGqLn] eg] . k|wfgdGqL s]kL
zdf{ cf]nLn] /fi6sf gfddf ;Daf]wg
ub{ } rLgtkm{ s f] ;8s v' n fpg
k|fyldstf lbPnuQ} ;]gf kl/rfng
u/]/ eP klg gfsf tTsfn ;~rfng
ug{] u/L dlGqkl/ifb\sf] laxLaf/sf]
a}7sn] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . rLg;Fusf]
gfsf v'nfpg] / sfnf]ahf/L lgoGq0f
ug{] ljifodf dlGqkl/ifb\ a}7sdf tLg
3G6feGbf a9L ;do;Dd 5nkmn
ePsf] lyof] .
dlGqkl/ifb\ a}7sn] tftf]kfgL gfsf
v'nfpg / :t/f]Gglt ug{ ;DalGwt

dGqfnonfO{ lgb{z
] g lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf]
5, a}7skl5 ;/sf/sf k|jQmf;d]t
/x]sf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlwdGqL
z]/wg /fO{n] atfP . rLgaf6 s]?
gfsf x'b" } cg'bfgsf] k]6f l] nod kbfy{
cfoft eP klg tftf]kfgL gfsf cem}
;~rfng ePsf] 5} g . k//fi6
dGqfnodfkm{t lrlgofF ;/sf/nfO{
cg'/f]w u/]/ s"6gLlts kxndfkm{t\ gfsf
v'nfpg] lg0f{o ;/sf/n] u/]sf] xf] .
OGwgsf nflu ;Demf}tf ug{ g]kfnL 6f]nL
lxhf] zlgaf/ rLg uPsf] 5 . oxL
k[i7e"lddf bL3{sfnLg 9+un] g} gfsf
;~rfng ug{sf nflu kxnsbdL
lnPsf] ;/sf/n] hgfPsf] 5 . ut
j}zfvsf] e"sDkkl5 tftf]kfgL gfsf
7Kk 5 . g]kfntkm{sf] ;8sv08sf]
6fs v'ln;s] klg rLgtkm{sf] vf;f
;8sv08 klx/f]sf sf/0f ca?4 5 .
tftf]kfgL / s]?afx]s rLg;Fu hf]l8Psf
c yk kfFr gfsf klg v'nfpg] u/L
;/sf/n] tof/L ul//x]sf] 5 .

wgaxfb'/ rGb
oxfF dfgjLo ;+s6
k}bf x'gj] fnf 5 .
/fHosf ;Dk"0f{
c+ux?df vnn k'us
] f]
5 . ePsf] pTkfbg Ps
7fpFaf6 csf{] 7fpF;Dd
k'ofpg ;ls/flvPsf] 5}g,
gofF 9'jfgL x'g kfPs}
5}g, laBfno hfg]
afnaflnsfx? k9fOaf6 alGrt x'gk' g{] aftfa/0fsf] ;[hgf
x'bF 5
} , clw/fHosf x/]sh;f] c:ktfnx?df cf}iflw tyf
cfa:os ;fdu|Lx?sf] cefa x'bF } u}/x]sf] 5, ljleGg
7fpFdf rf]/L, n'6kf6, t:s/L a9\b5
} / ;a}eGbf cfZrfo{sf]
s'/f oxfFsf /fhgLltsdL{x? of] ;+s6sf] ;dodf klg Ps
ePsf 5}gg\ pN6} cfcfkm\g} xf]8afhLdf h'l6/x]sf 5g\ .

rLg;u OGwg ;Demf}tf x'g]

lrlgof sDkgL g]kfndf

nufgL ug{ OR5's
sf7df8f}F . sf7df8f}s
+ f] e[s6' Ld08kdf ePsf] Jofkf/ d]nfsf ca;/df
g]kfn cfPsf] lrlgofF Jofkf/Lxn] g]kfndf nufgL ug{ OR5f b]vfPsf
5g\ . a'waf/ sf7df8f}d
F f ePsf] b'O{ kIfLo a}7ssf qmddf pgLx?n] o:tf]
OR5f JoQm u/]sf x'g\ . g]kfnrLg r]Da/ ckm sdz{ P08 O08i6L Pg;L;L;LcfO{_ / rLgsf] ltAat r]Da/ ckm af]8{/ 6]8n] ;+o'Qm kdf
cfof]hgf u/]sf]] ;f] a}7sdf ;xefuL Jofkf/Lxn] s[lif ;fdu|L, dnvfb,
pmgL ;fdu|L, lah'nLaf6 rNg] df]6/;fOsn tyf :s"6/, ljleGg On]S6fl] gs
;fdu|L, nlhli6s, ko{6g, lrof k|zf]wg cflbsf] If]qdf nufgLsf] rfxgf
JoQm u/]sf lyP . a}7sdf b'j} kIfsf bh{gf}+ Jofkf/L ;xefuL /x]sf lyP .
To; cj;/df Jofkf/;DaGwL ljleGg kfFr ;dembf/L;d]t ePsf 5g\ .
g]kfn / rLgsf] :jzfl;t If]q ltAataLr Jofkf/, Joj;fo / nufgLsf]
k|j4{gsf nflu ePsf] ;dembf/L kqdf Pg;L;L;LcfO{sf] tk{maf6 pkfWoIf
lqe'jgw/ t'nfw/ / rLgsf] ltAat r]Da/ ckm af]8{/ 6]8sf] tkm{af6
tf}ab]gn] x:tfIf/ u/] . b'j} b]zaLrsf gful/sdfem cfk;L ;DaGw ;'b[9
kfg{] / Jofkfl/s ;d'bfoaLr ;'dw'/ ;DaGwsf] :yfkgf ug{] ;dembf/Lsf]
p2]Zo 5 . cfjZostfcg';f/ cfk;df x'g] Jofkfl/s k|ltlglwd08nsf]
cfbfgk|bfgdf ;dembf/Ln] ;xof]u k'Ug]5 . cfufdL lbgdf b'j} kIfn] sDtLdf
Ps cyjf b'O{ k6s rLg, ltAat / sf7df8f}d
+ f pTkfbg k|j4{g tyf
ahf/Ls/0fsf ljleGg ultljlw ug{] atfOPsf] 5 .
ljleGg k|bz{gLx, Jofkf/ d]nf, Jofkfl/s tyf Jofj;flos ;]ldgf/ /
;Dd]ng cfof]hgfsf nflu ;d]t ;xsfo{ x'g] ePsf] 5 . o:tf sfo{qmd
ltAat, Nxf;f, l;ufT;]nufot sf7df8f}d
+ f x'g5
] g\ . k|To]s jif{ ;+oQ
' m kdf
cfof]hgf x'g] b'O{cf]6f Jofkf/ d]nf Nxf;f / Ps Jofkf/ d]nf l;ufT;]df
x'g]5 . To;df g]kfnL sDkgLxsf] ;xeflutf /xg]5 . To:t} u/L g]kfnL
kIf;Fusf] ;xsfo{df ltAat]nL sDkgL ;xefuL x'g] u/L Pp6f Jofkf/ d]nf
sf7df8f}+ / g]kfns} s'g} csf{] zx/df cfof]hgf x'g]5 . Jofkfl/s tyf
cfly{s ultljlwsf ;fy} b'j} b]zsf hgtfaLrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ yk alnof]
agfpg] ljZjf; lnOPsf] 5 .
ltAat O06/g]zgn sdz{ P08 PS;r]~h ;le{; / y'~5] 6fG; lxdfnog
68] sDkgLaLr g]kfndf pmg;DaGwL pBf]u :yfkgf ug{] ;dembf/L ePsf]
5 . ;f] ;dembf/Ldf ltAat O06/g]zgnsf tk{maf6 bfjfl5l/ z]kf{ /
y'~5] 6fG; lxdfnogsf tk{maf6 t'iff/ t'nfw/n] x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ .
pmgL ;fdu|Lsf] Jofkf/;DaGwL csf{] ;dembf/L;d]t ePsf] 5 . b kmf]/g]
68] P08 sDkgL ckm cnL{ / y'G5] 6fG; lxdfnog 68] sDkgLaLr ;f]
;dembf/L ePsf] xf] . To;sf nflu km/]g 68] sf kf;f / y'G5]sf lqsfnLn]
x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf cfjZos s[lif ;fdu|L tyf dnvfb cfoft
ug{]af/]df klg ;dembf/L ePsf] 5 . ltAatsf] s'gx'g sDkgL / g]kfndf
/x]sf] cfO{PdP; sG;N6]G;L k|flnaLr ;f] ;dembf/L ePsf]] xf] . To;sf
nflu s'gx'gsf hfcf] afcf] oG / cfO{PdP;sf bof/fh zdf{n] ;dembf/Lkqdf
x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . To:t} ko{6g Joj;fosf nflu ltAat hf] lhg kmf]/g]
6]8 cfO{ P08 O{ sf] / 8]li6g]zg Dofg]hd]06 6fen P08 6'/aLr ;dembf/L
ePsf] 5 . ;f] ;dembf/Lkqdf hf] lhgsf tk{maf6 lem of / 8]l:6g]zgsf
tkm{af6 e"if0fxl/ >]i7n] x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ .
sfo{qmddf Jofkf/ Joj;fodf ;xhtf Nofpg / j}bl] zs nufgL leTof{pg
jt{dfg cj:yfdf b]lvPsf] c;xh cj:yfsf] tTsfn ;dfwfg x'gk' g{] g]kfn
r]Da/ ckm sdz{sf cWoIf /fh]zsfhL >]i7n] atfP . d'Vo s'/f /fhgLlts
l:y/tfsf] xf] . To;sf lglDt ;/sf/ / /fhgLlts bnx lhDd]jf/ aGg'k5{,
pgn] eg] .

g] k fnsf] ;+ l jwfgdf ;LdfGtLs[ t ;d' b fosf] clwsf/

g] k fnsf] ;+ l jwfgdf ;LdfGtLs[ t ;d' b fosf] xs clwsf/
b]xfo adf]lhd Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
/fhgLlts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs kn] k5fl8 kfl/Psf, lje]b /
pTkL8g tyf ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf] sf/0fn] ;]jf ;'ljwfsf] pkef]u
ug{ g;s]sf jf dfgj ljsf;sf] :t/ eGbf Go"g l:yltdf /x]sf
;d'bfonfO{ ;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfosf] ?kdf kl/efiff ul/Psf] .
cfly{s ;dfgtf, ;d[l4 / ;fdflhs Gofo ;'lglZrt ug{ ;dfg'kflts
;dfj]zL / ;xeflutfd"ns l;4fGtsf cfwf/df ;dtfd"ns ;dfhsf]
lgdf{0f ug]{ .
;fdflhs jf ;f+:s[lts b[li6n] lk5l8Psf ;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfo
nufot gful/ssf] ;+/If0f, ;zQmLs/0f jf ljsf;sf nflu sfg"g
adf]lhd ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ .
;fdflhs kn] k5fl8 k/]sf ;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfo ;d]tnfO{ ;dfj]zL
l;4fGtsf cfwf/df /fHosf] lgsfodf ;xefuL x'g kfpg] ;fdflhs
Gofosf] xs x'g] .
pTkLl8t tyf lk5l8Psf] If]qsf gful/ssf] ;+/If0f, pTyfg,
;zQmLs/0f, ljsf; / cfwf/e"t cfjZostf kl/k"lt{sf cj;/
tyf nfesf nflu ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ .
;fdflhs ;'/Iff / ;fdflhs Gofo k|bfg ubf{ ;a} ln+u, If]q /
;d'bfoleqsf cfly{s kn] ljkGgnfO{ k|fyldstf k|bfg ug]{ .
;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd x'g] k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z
;efsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu /fhgLlts bnn] pDd]bjf/L lb+bf ;dfj]zL
l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df ug]{ .
;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfo ;d]tsf] xs clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f ug{ ;+j}wflgs
cfof]usf] ?kdf /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]usf] Joj:yf .
g]kfnL /fhb"t / ljz]if k|ltlglw ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df
lgo'lQm ul/g] .
;+j}wflgs c+u / lgsfosf kbdf ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df
lgo'lQm ul/g] .

g] k fn ;/sf/

sfg' g , Gofo tyf ;+ ; bLo

dfldnf dGqfno

g] k fn ;/sf/

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

@)&@ ;fn d+l;/ ^ ut] cfOtaf/

8f;fasf] gO{ zlQm

;+ljwfg cfkm}F hf/L ug{,] kl5af6

hnfpg] l;s] /fpt / dlw;]nfO{
prfNb} hftLo ljv08g ug{ pS;fpg],
gfsfaGbLnfO{ ;dy{g ug{] 8f;fan]
xhf/f}+ ;lxb, ckf+u, j]kQfx?sf]
Tofusf] Oltxf; af]ss
] f] kf6L{nfO{ cfdf
yf]qL eOg\ ca gO cfdf rflxof]
eGb} lgn{Hh gf} lxF8]sf] h:tf]
nfUof] . s] gO{ zlQmdf dfG5]

l/;n] a'9f -b]z_ sf] sfv ljufg{

s'g} s;/ afFsL /fv]sf] kfOPg .
g]kfnnfO{ x8Kg] ef/tsf] s'l6n
rfnnfO{ ;3fpg P] jvtdf wf]tL
nufpFb} ;+ljwfg hnfpg;Dd tlD;g]
8f;fasf] lehg ;a}n] a'em] of] t
/fi63ft xf]
dfS;{jfbsf] lj?4df gO{ zlQmsf]
vf] h L ePsf] xf] eg] klxnf

6LsfbQ lzjf

5, k'm6]sf] lzzf em}F 6'l6;s]sf] 5

ca zfob g} hf]l8G5 .
dfS;{jfb ju{ ;+3if{df cfwfl/t
5 t/ 8f;fan] To;nfO{ hft
;+ 3 if{ d f kl/0ft ul/lbg' eof] .
;dfhnfO{ em'08em'08 hftsf gfddf
h+unL :ofn, e]8Lsf] ayfgdf kl/0ft
ul/lbg' eof] / clwsf/sf] gfddf
lzsf/sf] Ps nfK6f]df em'08nfO{

dfS;{jfbsf] lj?4df
gO{ zlQmsf] vf]hL
ePsf] xf] eg] klxnf
dfS;{jfbnfO{ v08g
ug{k' Yof{] . ;+;f/nfO{
kl/jt{g ug{ ;Sg]
ljrf/ xf] eg]
To;sf] k'li6 x'gu] /L u|Gy n]Vg'kYof{] . gO{
ljrf/ / zlQm ToxfFaf6 hlGdg' kYof{] . cfk"mn]
e|i6frf/ ulb{g eGg] lxl;nfhLn] ;+;f/d}
uGxfpg] u/L e|i6frf/ u/]/ y'kf/]sf] cs't
cb[Zo ;Dklt p8fpFb} ;]ldgf/, bf}8fxf cflb
ug{] 8f;fan] a'em] s] x'GYof] eg] g]tf To;nfO{
elgG5 h;nfO{ e/f];f ug{ ;lsG5 . Tof]
e/f];fdf s'7f/f3ft e};s]kl5 l;wf;fwf
hgtfsf] dg efFlRr;s]sf] 5, k'm6]sf] lzzf em}F
6'l6;s]sf] 5 ca zfob g} hf]l8G5 .
d+unu|xaf6 lemsfpg] xf] < ls oxL+sf
g]kfnLnfO{ gofF af6f]df 8f]ofpg] xf] <
gofF af6f]df 8f]ofpg] xf] eg] s;n]
/f]ss
] f] lyof] 8f;fanfO{ < dfG5] pxL,
ljrf/ pxL, e|i6frf/ pxL -:jod
8f;fa sxfFaf6 k|fof]lht 5g\, /+uL
lj/+uL n'uf nufpgb]lv kmfOkm:6f/
xf]6ndf ;]ldgf/ ug{ <_ t/ gfd dfq}
gO{ zlQmsf] cy{ s] xf] <
kf6L{sf] ;jf{R] r kbdf k'Ug], ToxL
kf6L{n] k|wfgdGqL ;d]t agfpg] t/
hlxn] klg nfnrL hhdfg] k'/]t em}+
c;Gt'i6 /xg] . ;f}tf -k|r08_ sf]

dfS;{ j fbnfO{ v08g ug{ ' k Yof{ ] .

;+;f/nfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ ;Sg] ljrf/
xf] eg] To;sf] k'li6 x'gu] /L u|Gy
n]Vg'kYof{] . gO{ ljrf/ / zlQm
ToxfFaf6 hlGdg' kYof{] . cfk"mn]
e|i6frf/ ulb{g eGg] lxl;nfhLn]
;+;f/d} uGxfpg] u/L e|i6frf/ u/]/
y'kf/]sf] cs't cb[Zo ;Dklt p8fpFb}
;]ldgf/, bf}8fxf cflb ug{] 8f;fan]
a'em] s] x'GYof] eg] g]tf To;nfO{
elgG5 h;nfO{ e/f];f ug{ ;lsG5 .
Tof] e/f];fdf s'7f/f3ft e};s]kl5
l;wf;fwf hgtfsf] dg efFlRr;s]sf]

n' 5 fr' F 8 ug{ 5f] l 8lbg' e of] .

8f;fah:tf xtf; dgl:yltsf] pkh
xf] gO{ zlQm hf] g]kfnLx?nfO{
s's'/nfO{ em}F ;'v]sf] xLsf lglDt
n8fP/ cfTd/lt lng rfxG5g\ .
ju{ ;+ 3 if{ d f ljZjf; ug{ ]
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ hflto ;+3if{df wsNg]
;'qwf/ g} 8f;fa x'g . !@% ;d'bfo
ePsf] g]kfndf cfkm\gf] lnlk ePsf
;d'bfox? !& j6f 5g\, h;nfO{
8f;fan] :jfoQ /fHo lbg'k5{ eg]sf
5g\ . To;dWo] %& j6f cfcfkm\g}
efiff ePsf ;d'bfo 5g\ . logLx?nfO{

:yfgLo lgsfodf :jfoQtf lbg'k5{

eg]sf 5g\ . s'g} klg ;d'bfosf]
pNn]Vo jf ax'dt gePsf] s'g} klg
k|bz
] o;/L ljefhg ul/+bf ;d:ofsf]
;dfwfg x'G5 < of] pgsf] cb'/blz{tf
xf] .
dw];Lx?sf] d'2f ul/aL, clzIff,
hftLo e]befj afx]s dw];L eg]/
ul/g] e]befj / ckdfg xf] h;nfO{
sfg"gdf s8f ;hfosf] Joj:yf u/]/
dfq} xn ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ 8f;fan]
dw];sf kmfF6 hlt ;a} tyfslyt
dw];Lx?nfO{ 5'ofpg nflu k/]sf
5g\ . s] o;n] pgLx?n] ef]Ug' k/]sf]
jf:tljs ckdfg / lk8fnfO{ ;Djf]wg
ug{ ;S5 < oxfF 8f;fa csf{ ]
cfTd3ftL / ef/t k/:t cleofgsf
dltof/ ag]sf 5g .
To;} u /L /fHoaf6 ckx] l nt
hftLo e]befjsf cfwf/df ;a}eGbf
k5f8L k/]sf ;d'bfox?sf] ;d:of
;fdflhs e]befj xf] ha ls 8f;fan]
To;nfO{ /fhg} l ts cf/If0f
ljz]ifflwsf/ lbP/ ;dfwfg ug{
;lsG5 eg]sf 5g\ .
oxfF ;d:of ;fdflhs 5, t/
tyfslyt blnt agfP/ dfG5] g}
x' g glbO{ cf/If0f / levdf
/fhg}lts kbsf] nfnr b]vfpFb}
;lbof}+;Dd e]befj l6sfO{ /fVg]
if8\oGq 8f;fan] u/]sf 5g\ .
hflto cf/If0f :jo+ ef/tdf
;d] t c;kmn x' F b } uPsf] 5 .
u' h /ftdf k6] n x?sf] cfGbf] n g,
ef/tsf] ;jf{]Rr cbfntn] xfn;fn}
cf/If0fsf] ljifodf af]n]sf] s'/faf6
;d]t k'li6 e};s]sf] 5 eg] ef/t s}
dltof/ 8f;fa lsg ToxL af6f]df
lxF8\b} 5g\ / b]znfO{ bL3{sflng
Gdf km;fpb} 5g < oL l;4fGt
dfS;{jfbdf cfwfl/t 5 eg] :jo+
dfS;{n] lsg ju{ ;+3if{eGbf hft ;+3if{
dxTjk"0f{ xf] elg AofVof u/]gg\ <
oL afx]s, 8f;fan] ;+ljwfgdf
x:tfIf/ u/]sf x'g\ / pgn] eGb}
cfPsf x'g\ ls h] hlt pknlAw k|fKt
eof] To;nfO{ ;+:yfut ub{} cGo
dfux? qmdzM k"/f ub{} hfg'k5{ .
of] cleJolQm pgn] ;+ljwfg hfl/
ug{'eGbf cufl8;Ddsf] xf] . o;
lx;fan] pgn] slDtdf klg of]
;+ljwfg nfu" u/fpg x/;Dej k|of;
ug{ ' k b{ Y of] . t/ pgn] ef/tsf
Ph]G8fnfO{ kfl/t u/fpg g;s]sf]
56k6Ldf tTsfn dw] ; Lx?nfO{
p/fNg uP / cfh b]zn] o:tf] cj:yf
ef]uL /x]sf] 5 . o;af6 :ki6 x'G5
ls pgL cfk"mnfO{ cg'sn
' x'g] tl/sfn]
af]N5g, cfkm\gf] cl:tTj hf]ufpgsf
nflu h] klg ug{ tof/ 5g . cfkm\gf]
cle:6 k'/f ug{ b]znfO{ tx; gx;
agfpg klg tof/ 5g . dgf]/f]uL
em}F clxn] ef/tsf] ;+nUgtf :ki6
?kdf b]lv/xFbf ha b]z g} /xFb}g
eg] 8f;fasf] tyfslyt gO{ zlQm
s]sf nflu xf] <

5
h;sf] z/L/ 9'u+ f aGb} uO/x]sf] 5
sf7df8f}F . em\jf x]bf{ logL k"/} :j:y b]lvlG5g\ . logsf] lhpdf s'g}
eofgs /f]u 5 eg]/ kTofpg klg ufx|f] k5{ . t/ #@ jif{sL oL o'jtL PZn]

skf{On b'lgofs} o:tf] b'ne{ tyf eofgs /f]uaf6 kLl8t l5g\ sL pgsf] lhp
lj:tf/} 9'u+ f] aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 . pgL j+zf0f'hGo /f]u kmfOa|fl] 8:Knflhof
cf]l:;lkmsfG; k|fu] l]| ;efaf6 kLl8t l5g\ . :6f]g Dofg l;G8fd] klg elgg] of]
/f]u ePsf dflg; b'lgofFdf s]jn * ;o hgf dfq 5g\ . of] /f]usf sf/0f
df+zk]zL, hf]gL{sf tGt' nufotsf lhpsf ;a} sf]dn efux? s8f xLdf
kl/0ft x'G5g\ . of] /f]usf] s'g} pkrf/ klg 5}g / dflg; lj:tf/} s8f d"lt{df
kl/0ft x'G5 .
of] /f]usf sf/0f pgsf] bfofF xft u'ld;s]sf] 5 . v'f rnfpg klg ufx|f]
x'g yfln;s]sf] 5 / lhpsf cGo efunfO{ klg Kof/fnfOH8 ub{5
} . cd]l/sfsf]
hlh{ofl:yt lkr6L ;x/sL skf{On c9fO jif{sL x'bF f g} pgdf SofG;/ ePsf]
s'/f 8fS6/x?n] atfPsf lyP . 8fS6/x?n] SofG;/ ;/L/df km}ln;s]sf] / ;f]xL
sf/0f xft sf6\gk' g{] eg]/ pgsf] bfofF xft sf6]sf lyP . t/ To;sf] kfFr
dlxgfkl5 eg] pgsf] /f]u SofG;/ gePsf] / pgL hl6n kmfOa|fl] 8:Knflhof
cf]l:;lkmsfG; k|fu] l]| ;ef /f]uaf6 kLl8t ePsf] kQf nufP .
cfk"m ef}lts ?kdf dfgj d"lt{ aGb} uPsf] pgL atfpFl5g\ . @% jif{sL x'bF f
cfkm\gf] bflxg] v'f rNg 5f8]sf] / To;kl5 cfk"mn] lxF88'nsf nflu nf}/f]sf]
;xf/f lng'k/]sf] pgsf] egfO 5 . pgL elG5g\ d slt ;do;Dd lxF88'n ug{
;S5' yfxf 5}g t/ clxn] d}n] ;s] hlt cg'ej ;Fufln/x]sL 5' . olt eofgs
/f]un] sfn s'l//xg] cj:yfdf k'us
] f] eP klg pgsf] lxDdt x/fPsf] 5}g .
pgn] cfk"mh:t} ckf+ux?sf] nflu ;b\efjgf b"t ag]/ jif{g] L ;fd'lb|s ;lk|mu+ df
lgl:slG5g\ / a]nfa]nfdf lXjnr]o/ dfqfdf klg lgl:slG5g\ . pgn] bnfO{
nfdfnufot ljZjsf ljleGg k|l;4 JolQmx?nfO{ ;d]t e]l6;s]sf] atfpFl5g\ .

df]afOnsf] sn ln:6 / P;PdP; s;/L x]g{] <

sf7df8f}F . PG8f]O8 :df6{ kmf]gdf Ps k6s kmf]g u/]sf] gDa/ sn

nudf #) lbg;Dd /xG5 . ;fdfGo cj:yfdf Ps k6s u/]sf] kmf]gsf]
gDa/ sn nudf #) lbg;Dd /xg' /fd|f] s'/f xf] . t/ slxn] sfFxL w]/}
;do cl3 u/]sf] kmf]g gDa/ rflxg ;S5, h'g gDa/ df]afOnsf] sG6\ofs
ln:6df ;]e ug{ lal;{Psf] x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf s] ug{] eg]/ lrGtf
x'G5 . t/ o;sf] klg ;dfwfg 5 .
o;sf nflu Kn] :6f]/df uP/ 6]lnkmf]gL Aofsk 8fpgnf]8 u/]/ df]afOndf
Og:6n ug{'k5{ . o;kl5 6]lnkmf]gL Aofsk n~r u/]/ Pkdf cfkm\gf] sn
nu ODkf]6{ ug{k' 5{ . o:t} Pkn] P;PdP; klg Aofsk ug{ rfx] grfx]sf]
eg]/ ;f]W5 . P;PdP; klg Aofskdf /fVg rfx]df klg ug{ ;lsG5 . Ps
k6s ;a} sn nu / P;PdP; /fv]kl5 To;kl5 x'g] ;a} sn tyf
P;PdP;sf] /]s8{ Pkn] /fVg]5 .
Pkdf /x]sf] hfgsf/L Ps cnu} kmfOndf /fVg klg ldN5 . o;sf
nflu eg] em08} Ps ;o ^) ?k}ofF vr{ u/]/ Pk lsGg' k5{ . Pksf]
;xfotfn] s'g} klg a]nf k'/fgf] sn nu / P;PdP; x]g{ tyf tL JolQmnfO{
kmf]g jf P;PdP; ug{ ldN5 . Pkdf ePsf] hfgsf/L w]/} ePsf] 5 eg]
csf{] kmfOndf 6fG;km/ u/]/ sDKo'6/ jf d]df]/L sf8{df /fVg klg ldN5 .

xfjfaf6 rNg] l/S;f

sf7df8f}F . OGwgsf] cefj eO/x]sf] a]nf df]/sf ljBfyL{n] xfjfaf6

rNg] l/S;f agfPsf 5g\ . OGwglagfsf] ofqf ;xh agfpg ljBfyL{n] tLg
rSs] l/S;fsf] ;kmn k/LIf0f u/]sf 5g\ . xfQLd'9fl:yt dgdf]xg d]df]l/on
kf]ln6]lSgssf d]sflgsn ;d"xsf kfFrfF} Aofhsf ljBfyL{n] xfjfaf6 rNg]
tLg rSs] l/S;fsf] ;kmn k/LIf0f u/]sf x'g\ . g]kfnd} klxnf] k6s tof/
ul/Psf] l/S;fdf rf/ :6f]s k]6f]n OlGhgnfO{ df]l8kmfO u/]/ xfjfsf]

df]rf{sf] dfu k"/f u/fpg ef/tLo bafa lbgk|ltlbg a9\b}

sf7df8f}F . dw];L df]rfsf] dfu k"/f
ug{ ef/tn] g]kfndfly lg/Gt/ bafa
lbFb} cfPsf] 5 . utlaxLaf/ gofF lbNnLdf
cfof]lht kqsf/;Dd]ngdf ef/tLo
ljb]z dGqfnosf k|jQmf ljsf; :jkn]
g]kfnsf] dw]; cfGbf]ng cGTo eP,
ef/tLo e"lddf /f]lsPsf g]kfnL 6\of+s/
/ 6s ;xh kdf g]kfn lelqg] s'/f
bf]xf]ofP . kqsf/sf] k|Zgdf :jkn]
g]kfndf cf}iflw / cTofjZos j:t'sf]
cefj b]lvPsf]af/] ef/t hfgsf/ /x]sf]
eGb} jL/uGhafx]s cGo gfsfaf6 cyjf
ljdfgaf6 g]kfn k7fpg ;lsg] atfP .
o;}u/L, ef/tn] rLg / a+unfb]zaf6
g]kfndf OGwg Nofpg hf/L /fv]sf]
k|of;k|lt c;Gt'li6 hgfPsf] 5 . rLg

/ a+unfb]zaf6 g]kfnn] OGwg Nofpg

nfu]sf] 5 lg < eGg] ;~rf/sdL{sf]

k|Zgdf ef/tLo ljb]z dGqfnosf k|jQmf

ljsf; :jkn] g]kfnn] cGo d'ns
' af6

OGwg Nofpg'eGbf dw];df hf/L cfGbf]ng

xn ug{l] t/ hf]8 lbFbf pko'Qm x'g] eGb}
3'dfp/f] efiffdf c;Gt'li6 hgfPsf x'g\ .
cfk"mcg'sn" g]kfndf ;+ljwfg hf/L
gePsf]df cfqmf]lzt ef/tn] b'O{
dlxgfb]lv g]kfndfly gfsfaGbL nfb]kl5
;/sf/n] olta]nf l5d]sL rLg;Fu
Jofj;flos OGwg ;Demf}tf ug{ nfu]sf]
5 . tLg ;ftfcl3 rLg / g]kfnaLr
g]kfndf Joj;flos OGwg Nofpg]af/]
;dembf/Lkqdf x:tfIf/ ePsf] lyof] . To:t}
a+unfb]zaf6 OGwg leq\ofpg]af/]df ;d]t
s"6gLlts txdf s'/fsfgL cl3 a9fOPsf]
5 . ef/tLo gfsfaGbL gx6\g] a'em]kl5
;/sf/n] rLg;Fu Jofj;flos ;Demf}tfsf
nflu s'/fsfgL cl3 a9fPsf] xf] .

rfkaf6 rNg] agfOPsf] ljBfyL{ rqmk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] atfP . pgn] eg]

l8h]n / k]6f]nlagf g} xfjfsf] rfkn] rN5 .
ljBfyL{sf] tLg dlxgfsf] d]xgtkl5 of] 6]Dkf]sf] ;kmn k/LIf0f ePsf]
xf] . o;sf] nfut ? Ps nfv @% xhf/ /x]sf] 5 . dgdf]xg d]df]l/on
kf]ln6]lSgssf lk|lG;kn 8f ;'ef; kf]v/]nn] eg] /fHon] j}slNks j:t'nfO{
k|of]u ug{ vf]h] ;f] xfjfaf6 rNg] l/S;f k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsG5 .

@)&@ ;fn d+l;/ ^ ut] cfOtaf/

;lxbx?sf] kmf]6f] af]ln/x]sf] 5 d]/f] Xbosf] PNaddf

wlg/fd l;dvf8f

of}/fln6f/ lrtjg /ljgnfO{

e]6]sf] 7fpF /f]Nkfsf] hnhnf n]sdf
of]4f / ax'lj/nfO{ e]6s
] f] e"uf]n k|xf/
bfOnfO{ lvd8L hfF b fsf] nfdf]
;xofqfsf] ofqL clg ;lxb nf]s]z
;xhk'/ ef;'le/ hfbfsf] :yfg gfd
/ 7fdsf] dfq ;Demgf 5 d]/f] bosf]
;lxb PNaddf xfdL DofUbLsf] j]lg
cfqmd0fsf] nflu ?s'dsf] sf8fdf
k'u]kl5 dxfg hg;d'bfon] u/]sf]
:jfut sfo{ q mddf clj/ clg
k"mndfnf klxl/Psf] cUnf] lhp8fnsf]
;lxb ax'la/n] bx|f] ;u xft ldnfPsf]
If0fx? d]/f] ;fd' ;Demgf dfq 5 .
t/ pxfF x?n] s'jf{gL lbO{;Sg' ePsf]
5 d d]/f] bosf] ;lxb kmf]6f]sf]
PNad kN6fp5' slxn] d lrtjg
of}/fln6f/ t slxn] /f]Nkfsf] hnhnf
n]s k'U5' clg DofUbL hfbfsf] :jfut
sfo{qmdsf] ;+:d/0f ub{} ?s'd sf8f
k'U5' t/ ;lxbsf] ;d'w'/ :jfledflg
cg'xf/ dfq d]/f] gogdf emlNs/xG5
Oltxf; axfb'/x?sf] xf] of] dfg]df
xfdL ;+slNkt 5f} alnbfg ug{] of]4fsf]
;DdfgnfO{ b[9tfk'j{s kfngf ug{]
;+sNk klta4tf 5 cfh xfdL hd]sf]
kf]v/L xf]Og alu/x]sf] dxf;fu/ x'g

h?l/ 5 ;lxbsf] ;kgf k'/f ug{

xfdL hf]8tf]8n] nflu k/]sf 5f}
/utn] Oltxf; n]Vg' lj/tfsf] k|tLs
/x]5 Oltxf;sf] /lQmd dfu{ /x]5
sfo/ u2f/x?nfO{ Oltxf;df c6\g]
s'g} 7fpF 5}g of] jfSof+zn] alnbfgn]
b'lgofFnfO{ abNg] zlQm k}bf ug{] b[9tf
hGdfPsf] 5 xfdL ToxL af6f]df
lxl8/x]sf 5f} xfdL h'g h:tf] lztntf
k|fKt ug{] dxfcleofgdf nfda4 5f}
d'lQmsfdL hgx?sf] clwsf/ ;DkGg
ug{ xfd|f cu|h x?sf] ;ldkdf 5f}
cGofo / cTofrf/sf] k/fsfi7f
x6fpg ;"o{sf] t]h eP/ hnfO/xg]
xfd|f] st{Jo 5 h:tf];'s} Gofok'0f{
cfGbf]ngnfO{ zf;sx?n] cft+ssf/L
eGg] ub{5g\, sndx?df k|ltaGw
nufp5g\ cfjfhx?df k| l taGw
nufpF5g t/ ljrf/ db}{g xfdL;Fu
k"mn 5, dfnf 5, xfdL 5f}, xf;f] /
pd+u 5 t/ cfh xfdL jf:tljs
v'zL 5}gf}F lsgeg] xfdL;Fu /ljg
x'gx' G' g ef}lts kdf pxfF x'gx' G' g
cfhsfn ;lxbx?sf] kmf]6f] ;fyL
ag]sf] 5 d}n] d]/f] bosf] ;lxb
kmf]6f]x?sf] PNad kN6fp5' s lht
nfO{ b]V5' nf]s]z, clgz, lazfn,
ljZjf;, ;' l gn, lgd{ d , ;lxb
sd/]8x? e]65' clg s0ff{nLsf] lt/
7'lnuf8 lvd8L k'U5' k|xf/, ;d'Gb|
vf] H b5' e] 6 fpF l bg lg/f; eP/
kmls{G5' clg cfkm} ;lDemG5' pxfF t
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If]Kof:q ;fKtflxs
yfkfufp, sf7df8f},+ kmf]gM (*$!$)#*%!

E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com

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klg kfx'gfnfO{ u|6] jfndf k'ofpg]
xfd|f] lrgLof ljz]iftf 5 / hf] axfb'/
5 To;n] dfq u|]6jfnsf] ofqf k'/f
ub{5 . eGg'eof] / ca tkfOx?
klg u|]6jfntL/ hfFb} x'g'x'G5 .
j]Olhl:yt lrgLof sDo'lgi6
kf6L{ s f] cGt{ / fli6 o ljefusf]
sfof{noaf6 xfdLnfO{ u|]6jfnlt/
n}hfg] tof/L eof] . xfdLnfO{ ofqf
u/fpg] uf8L k|f0fdf t}gfy lyof] .
lrgLof sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] lrgLof
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ cGt{/fli6o ljefusL
sd{rf/L sd/]8 Zheng youya sf]
g]t[Tjdf uf8L rfns ;lxt $ hgf
rLgLof sd/]8x? / xfd|f] @) hgfsf]
g]kfnL 6f]nL u|]6jfntL/sf] ofqf ;'?
uof} . 8]9 306fsf] a;ofqf kl5
xfd|f] 6f]nLn] u|]6jfnsf] d"n u]6df
k|j]z uof} .
The Great Wall of China

sf af/]df ;'Gg] u/]sf] lyPF . sIff *

sf] e" u f] n sf] lstfadf u| ] 6 jfn
;+;f/sf ;ft cfZro{ dWo] Ps xf]
eGg] s'/f k9]sf] lyPF . @)## ;fndf
d !) sIffdf k9\b} lyP . Tolta]nf
df3 dlxgfdf P;Pn;L sf] kl/Iff
x'g] uYof{] . Tolta]nf;Dd ?s'ddf
P;Pn;L af]8{ lyPg . ?s'daf6
P;Pn;L k/LIff lbg' kYof{] . d+;L/df
P;Pn;L sf] 6]i6 k/LIff e};SYof] .
d ?lSd0fL ;fwf/0f dfWolds
ljBfno ?s'dsf]6df sIff !) df
k9L/x] s f] lyP . df3df lnOg]
P;Pn;L k/LIffsf nflu d}n] d+;L/d}
P;Pn;L 6]i6 k/LIff kf; ul/;s]sf]
lyP . lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf] Toltj]nf
k~rfotL Joj:yf rln/x]sf] lyof] .
k|To]s k'; !$ ut] tTsflng /fhf
jL/]Gb|sf] hGdf]T;j dgfpg] rng
lyof] . To; cj;/df lzIff
dGqfnon] k|To]s % ljsf; If]qdf
ljsf;If]q :t/Lo cGt/ dfWolds
ljBfno xflh/L hjfkm k|ltof]lutfsf]
cfof]hgf ug{] ub{} lyof] . ?s'd
;' b " / klZrdf~rn ljsf; If] q
cGt{ut kb{Yof] . Toltv]/ ?s'ddf
d';Lsf]6, vn+uf, ?s'dsf]6, aflkmsf]6
/ rf}/hxf/L ul/ hDdf $ j6f dfq
xfO{:s"n lyP . @)#% ;fn k'; !$
ut] tTsflng /fhf jL/] G b| s f]
hGdf]T;jsf] cj;/df g]kfnu~hdf
cfof]hgf ul/g] elgPsf] xflh/L hjfkm
k|ltof]lutfdf ?s'daf6 efu lng
hfgsf nflu rf/j6f df=lj= sf
ljrdf lqe'jg hgtf df=lj
d';Lsf]6 vn+ufdf k|lt:kwf{Tds
xflh/L hjfkm k|ltof]lutf eof] .
?lSd0fL ;fwf/0f df=lj= ?sdsf]6 sf]
l6dn] lhTof] . d, nf]sh+u zfx, u'?

xfd|f] l6dn] ljho k|fKt u/]/

g]kfnu~hdf hfg kfpg] eof}F .
;b/d"sfddf /x]sf] lq h= df= lj=
nfO{ x/fP/ g]kfnu~hdf hfg kfpg]
ePkl5 xfdL Hofb} v';L klg ePsf
lyof} . ?s'daf6 g]kfnu~hsf nfuL
Tolta] n f k} b nofqf ug' { k Yof{ ] .
?s'dsf]6af6 rf/} hxf/L x'bF } xfdLx?
!! lbgsf nfuL g]kfnu~h k'Uof} /
@)## ;fn k'; !$ ut] tTsfnLg
/fhf jL/]Gb|sf] hGdf]T;jsf] cj;/df
;' b " / klZrdf~rn
lzIff
lgb{]zgfnon] cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;'b"/
klZrdf~rn :t/Lo cGt/ df=lj=
xfhL/L hjfkm k| l tof] l utf
g] k fnu~hsf] d+ u n df=lj=df
cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . To; xflh/L
hjfkm k|ltof]lutfdf klg u|6] jfn
ljZjsf] ;ftf} cfZr{o dWo] Ps xf]
eGg] ul/ k|Zg cfPsf] lyof] . To;df
xfd|f] 6f]nL g]tf nf]sh+u zfxn] ;xL
pQ/ lbPsf lyP / To;af6 k|fKt
! gDa/n] xfd|f] 6f]nLn] To; xflh/L
hjfkm k|ltof]lutfdf t];|f] :yfg
Nofpg ;kmn ePsf] lyof] . k|yd
s}nfnLsf] l6d / b]z|f] ;'v{]tsf] l6d
cfPsf] lyof] . To;j]nf b]lv g} d
lrgsf] u|6] jfnsf af/]df al9 kl/lrt
x'Fb} cfPsf] lyP . kl5 P6n;x?df
x]b{} cfPsf] lyP . g]6sf] hdfgf
cfPkl5 u'undf x]g{ ;hnf] ag]sf]
lyof] / g]kfnaf6 lrg hfg]x? hf]
u|]6jfndf k'u]sf x'Gy] plgx?n]
u|]6jfndfly pleP/ kmf]6f] lvr]sf]
klg b]Vg] u/]sf] lyP .
To;k|sf/n] The Great Wall
of China sf] af/]df hfgsf/L lng]
u/]sf] ePtfklg d :j+o Toxf
k'Ug'kb{5 eGg] Tolt sNkgf ug{] t

#=#) ah] lrgsf] u|6] jfn dfly klxnf]

kfOnf 6]Sbfsf] cj:yf d]/f] hLjgsf]
nflu clj:d/0fLo If0f aGg k'Uof] .
lsgls rLgLof sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf]
lgdGq0ff / tTsfnLg xfd|f] kf6L{ g]kfn
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ dfcf]jfbLsf] lg0f{o
adf]lhd d]/} g]tT[ jdf % ;b:oLo rLg
cWoog e|d0f 6f]nLn] & h'nfO{ @)!%
b]lv !& h'nfO{ @)!% -@@ c;f/
@)&@ b]lv ! ;fpg @)&@_ ;Dd
!! lbj;Lo rLg cWoog e|d0f ug{]
df}sf ldn]sf] lyof] .
xfdLn] @)&@ ;fn c;f/ % ut]
g} kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no a'4gu/,
sf7df8f}aF f6 lrgLof sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n]
k7fPsf] ;du| Visiting Agenda
k|fKt u/]sf lyof} / To; P]h]08f g}
ToxfFsf] :yfgLo ;dofg';f/ lbgsf]
l7s #=#) ah] u|6] jfnsf] cjnf]sg
e| d 0f ug{ ] P] h ] 0 8fdf sfo{ q md
ldnfOPsf] lyof] . xfdLt & h'nfO{sf
lbg g} rLg k|jz
] ul/;s]sf lyof} .
u|6] jfnsf] cjnf]sg e|d0f ;du|
e|d0fsf] plgx? tL/ dfq} lyof] .
sfo{qmdx? ;Sb} cuf8L a9\b,} hfb}
ubf{ u|6] jfndf k'Ug] lbg / ;do slxn]
cfpnf eg]/ d Hofb} cft'/ klg lyP .
!% h'nfO{ @)!% -#) c;f/
@)&@_ sf lbg w] / } dxTjk" 0 f{
/fhgLlts sfo{qmdx? lyP . laxfg
lrgLof sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ cGt{/fli6o
ljefu IDCPC sf] cfof]hgfdf
lrgLof ljz] i ftf ;lxtsf]
;dfhjfb gfds ;] l dgf/sf]
cfof]hgf x'g] / To;sf] d'Vo cltly
lrgLof sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ cGt{/fli6o
ljefu IDCPC sf pkdGqL Mr.
Dou Enyoung x'g'x'GYof] / pxfFn]
xfd|f] ;du| 6f]nLdf g]skfdfcf]jfbL,

n] lrgsf] k"jb{ l] v klZrd;Dd k"/}

se/ u/]sf] 5 / Tof] !#,!&) dfOn
-@!,!(^ lsnf]ld6/_ /x]sf] 5 .
d"nu]6sf] aLraf6 k"j{ / klZrdsf]
@ j6f u]6 ;'? x'G5 . aLrdf Pp6f
gbL 5 t/ gbL dfly hldg agfPsf]
5 / tn ;' ? af6 gbL jUg]
jgfOPsf] 5 . a;af6 cf]ln{Pkl5
k"j{tL/sf] u]6af6 xfdLnfO{ sd/]8
Zhang youya sf] g]tT[ jdf xfdLnfO{
The Great Wall of China sf]
psfnf] eP/ ofqf ug{ elgof] .
xfdLn] To; u|]6jfnsf] cjnf]sg /
e|d0f ;'? uof} . d]/f] hLjgdf ha
u|]6jfnsf] k"jL{ kvf{naf6 xfd|f]
cjnf]sg e|d0f cuf8L a9\b} uof],
xfd|f] @) hgfsf] 6f]nL cfcfg}
tl/sfn] cuf8L a9\g nfUof], ta
xfdLnfO{ ufO8 ub{ } hfg' e Psf]
lrgLof sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ cGt{/fli6o
ljefusL sd{rf/L sd/]8 Zheg
youya hf] g]kfnL efiff klg /fd|f]
af]Ng'xG' 5, pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ eGg'eof],
tkfOx? tf] l sPsf] ;doleq
u|6] jfnsf] cjnf]sg u/]/ kms{gx' f]nf,
olb 5'6\g' eof] eg] cfkm} a]Olh
k'Ug'xf]nf, oxfaf6 6\ofS;Ln] ^)) UN
lnG5 k"m6]sf] 9'fn] agfOPsf] /
cUnfcUnf l;9L agfOPsf] /x]5 .
7f8f] psfnf] ePsf]n] l56f] l56f] hfg
t x:ofkm:of x'g] vfns} /x]5 .
t/ klg k|To]s l;8L eP/ hfg
yflnof] . rf/}lt/ x]b{}, kmf]6f] lvRb}
lx8\g'kg{] ePsfn] xtf/ xtf/df
cuf8L a9\g'kg{] ePsf]n] ;a}hgf
;fy;fy} hfg eg] EofOPg . af6f]df
7"nf] ;+Vofdf lrgLof ko{6sx?
psfnf] r9\g] / cf]ng{ ] ul//x]sf lyP .
dnfO{ w]/} k|sf/sf kmf]6f]x? lvRg'
lyof] , d} n ] af6f] d f e] l 6Psf
ko{ 6 sleqx?af6} ;xof] u lnP/}
ljleGg :yfg / km/s km/s 9+un]
kmf]6f]x? lvrfP . xfd|f] 6f]nLsf
;fyLx?;Fu aLraLrdf e]6 klg x'g]
uYof{] .
Ps :6]k 7f8} psfnf] sf6]/ Pp6f
u]6 e]l6of] / km]/L csf{] :6]k kf/
u/]kl5 csf{] u]6 af6 l5/]/ csf{]
:6]k kf/ ub{} cuf8L a9\g' kg{] /x]5 .
8f8}8f8f] eP/ agfPsf] / k|s[ltsf]
lgoddfg' ; f/ htfhtf 8fF 8 f
sf8fx?sf] agf]6 5 ,To;}adf]lhd
agfOPsf] x'gfn] lx8\bf v]/L xfdLnfO{
s]xL ck7\of/f] nfUg' t :jfefljs xf]
t/, k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfsf b[li6n]

cToGt} dgf]/d /x]sf] 5 u|]6 jfn .

dnfO{ s] rf;f] a9\b} uof] eg],
hf] u|]6jfndf 7"nf 7"nf kvf{n v8f
ul/Psf] 5, zq'nfO{ /f]Sgsf nflu
agfOPsf] x'gfn] u|]6jfnsf] cfg}
vfnsf] ljz]iftf x'g' t :jfefljs 5,
t/ Pp6f :d/0fLo / cfsif{s ljifo
s] /x]sf] 5 eg] rfsnf rfsnf
9'fx? s'b/] agfOPsf] x'gfn] cToGt}
cfsif{s klg b]lvG5, To;n] s] s'/f
b;f{pb5 eg] zq'nfO{ /f]Sgsf nflu
ljzfn kvf{n t agfOPsf] 5 g},
To;df snf kIfnfO{ klg al9 Wofg
lbOPsf] kfOG5 . ToxfF kvf{n dfq}
agfOPsf] 5}g ls k|To]sk|To]s
:6]k kf/ ul/ ;s]kl5 j'sf{ h:t}
ul/ u]6x? agfOPsf] 5, Ps u]6af6
l5/]/ aflx/ lg:s]/ csf{] u]6tL/
cuf8L a9\gk' g{5
] . Tof] Hofb} cfsif{s
b]lvG5 . To;sf] agfj6 x]bf{ s]
b]lvG5 eg] lrgLofx?sf] ljz]iftfg}
cfg} vfnsf] 5 eGg] s'/f k|i6 x'G5 .
snfsf] If]qdf lrgLofx? klxnfb]lv
g} k"j{lt/sf] jfneGbf klZrdtL/sf]
jfn al9 cNsf] 5 . klZrdtL/af6
zq' j]OlhtL/ k|jz
] ug{ g;s'g
eGg] p2]Zon] o; k|sf/sf] u/fOPsf]
x'g' kb{5 . d xfd|} kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o b]jG] b| >]i7, g]kfnL sfFu;
]| sf
dx]z rf}w/L / g]skf -dfn]_ sf
bLgfgfy l3ld/] ;lxtsf s] x L
;flyx?;Fu clndfly ;Dd k'Uof} .
To;lbg cfsf;df jfbn d8fO/x]sf]
lyof] / clncln kfgL klg kl//x]sf]
lyof] . dflg;x? xtf/df u|]6jfnsf]
cjnf]sg u/]/ kmls{g] / psfnf] r9\g]
b'j} ul//x]sf lyP . xfdL;Fu ;do
5f]6f] lyof] . lgwf{l/t ;dod} kms{g'
kg{] lyof] . cln xtf/ xtf/df
u|]6jfnsf] psfnf] rl9of] . aLr
aLrdf kmf]6f] lvRg] / jl/kl/ x]gk{' g{]
ePsfn] klg nuftf/ lx8L /xg]
s'/f klg ePg .
w]/} dfly / k/;Dd hfg t dg
nflu/x]sf] lyof] t/ ;dosf] cefjn]
ubf{ 5f]6} ;dod} kmsg'{ kg{] eof] .
kms{g] qmddf xfdLnfO{ ufO8 ul//xg'
ePsL lrgLof sDo' l gi6 kf6L{
cGt{/fli6o ljefu IDCPC sf]
sd{rf/L sd/]8 Zheng youya /
g]skf -dfn]_ sf kf]ln6 Jo"/f] ;b:o
bLgfgfy l3ld/];Fu clGtd kmf]6f]
lvlrof] . of] kmf]6f] g} ;j}eGbf

dxTjk"0f{ / cjl:d/0fLo aGg k'Uof] .

To;kl5 kms{gsf nflu ;'?s} u]6df
kmls{of} . xfdLnfO{ ofqf u/fO/x]sf]
uf8L tof/L cj:yfdf lyof] . ;a}hgf
e]nf eof} / uf8Ldf r9\of} . uf8Ldf
rl9;s]kl5 sd/]8 Youya n] sf]xL
5'6\g' eof] ls eGb} ;a}hgf u0fgf
ug'e
{ of] / uf8L :6f6{ eof] . ToxfFaf6
xfdLx? j]OlhtL/ kmls{of} . t/ d]/f]
dfG;k6ndf nfdf] ;do;Dd
u|6] jfnsf] ofb cfO/fVof] .
u|6] jfn;+;f/s} ;ft cfZro{ dWo]
Ps ePsfn] o;sf] dxTj pNn]vgLo
x'g] s'/f t eOxfNof] g} . Tof] km]/L
rLgdf ePsfn] o;sf] dxTj cnUu}
vfnsf] x'g] s'/f eof] g} . u|]6jfn
/fhgLlt;Fu klg hf]l8Psf] 5 .
d]/f] lglDt u|6] sf] cjnf]sg e|d0f
d]/f] hLjgsf] nflu Hofb} clj:d/0fLo
/ uf}/jk"0f{ aGg k'Uof] . lsgls xfdL
g]kfnLx? ;fdfGo tl/sfn] rLgleq
k|j]z ug{ g} ufx|f] 5 . Visa sf]
;d:of Psflt/ sl7g 5 eg]
csf{]lt/ cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] klg
lrgLof ofqf Hofb} dx+ u f] 5 .
JolQmut ?kn] u|6] jn k'Ug sNkgf
eGbf aflx/sf] s'/f xf] eGg] nfUb5
/ ;a} g]kfnL ofq'x? u|6] jfndf k'Ug
klg ;s]sf x'b}gg\ .
t/ xfdLnfO{ t s] df}sf ldNof]
eg] lrgLof sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] lgdGq0f
/ xfd|f] kf6L{n] lg0f{o u/]/ Pp6f
/fhsLo e|d0fsf ?kdf Tof] klg xfd|f]
kf6L{n] t d]/f] g]tT[ jdf Pp6f kfFr
;b:oLo lrgLof cWoog e|d0f 6f]nL
lrg k7fof] / lrgsf] ljljw If]qsf]
cWoog ug{] / ljleGg 7fpFsf]
cjnf]sg e|d0f ug{] qmddf lrgLof
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] sfo{qmlds of]hgf
adf]lhd :jo+ lrgLof sDo'lgi6 kf6L{
cGt{/fli6o ljefun] g} u|]6jfnsf]
cjnf]sg e|d0f u/fPsf] x'gfn]
o;sf] uf}/j / dxTj t cfgf] 7fpFdf
;a}eGbf pRr :myfgdf /xg] s'/f t
eof] g} , To;df klg xfdL
;j{xf/fju{sf] /fhgLlts cu|b:tf
tTsflng g]skfdfcf]jfbLsf] tkm{af6
rLgsf] ljljw If]qsf] cWoog e|d0f
ug{] qmddf ljZjs} Ps P]ltxfl;s
:yn u|6] njfnsf] cjnf]sg e|d0f ug{]
df}sf kfpg' hLjgs} nfuL clt
dxTjk"0f{ / clj:d/0fLo If0fsf] ?kdf
/xg uof] .

s]/fsf] yfd klg cfDbfgLsf] ;|ft]

sf7df8f}F . dxf]Q/Lsf ;j{;fwf/0fn] s]/fsf] yfd a]r]/} xhf/f}F cfDbfgL

u/]sf 5g\ . bLkfjnL kj{sf] cj;/df 3/3/df b]jL nIdLsf] :jfutsf nflu
f/ agfpg] k|of]hgdf s]/fsf] yfd g} a]r/] lhNnfsf ahf/af6 ;j{;fwf/0fn]
xhf/f}F cfDbfgL u/]sf x'g\ . vf;u/L ahf/ If]qsf Jofkfl/s k|lti7fgn]
cfkm\ g f] k;n cufl8
:jfutf/ agfpg]
k|of]hgsf nflu s]/fsf
yfd k|of]u ug{] ldlynfsf]
k/Dk/f ePsfn] bLkfjnL
kj{df yfdsf] sf/f]af/
lgs} x' g ] u/] s f] 5 .
lhNnfsf] pQ/jQL{ gu/
alb{jf;, klZrdjtL{ gu/
uf}zfnf, Jofkfl/s s]Gb|x?
/fduf] k fnk' / , ;D;L,
dl6xfgL, ;Ltfk' / ,
nf]xf/kl, lkk/f / lhNnf
;b/d' s fd hn] Z j/df
laxfg}b]lv s]/fsf yfd
a]Rg] / lsGg]sf] rxnkxn b]lvPsf] lyof] . kj{sf nflu /fltb]lv g} aonuf8faf6
s]/fsf yfd hn]Zj/ ahf/ k'ofPsf 8fDxLd8}sf] /taf/f a:tLsf k|sfz
kf;jfgn] cfk"mn] ?= !@ xhf/sf] yfd a]lr;s]sf] atfP .
To;}u/L, kj{sf cj;/df uf}zfnf, ;Ltfk'/, dl6xfgL, ;D;L, lkk/f,
nf]xf/kl, /fduf]kfnk'/;lxtsf ahf/ / lhNnf ;b/d'sfd hn]Zj/df a'waf/
laxfg} xhf/f}F yfd laqmL ePsf dxf]Q/L pBf]u jfl0fHo ;n] hgfPsf] 5 .
nIdLk"hfsf lbg sl/a ?= !) nfv d"No a/fa/sf] s]/fsf] yfd laqmL
ePsf cg'dfg ul/Psf] ;sf cWoIf df]xgs'df/ u'Ktfn] atfP . bLkfjnL
kj{df f/ agfpg sd;]sd b'Oj{ 6f yfd rflxg] / nIdLk"hfsf lbg yfd
k|lthf]/ %)) ;Dd laqmL ePsf] ls;fgsf] egfO 5 . hn]Zj/df dfq} tLg
xhf/ s]/fsf yfd laqmL ePsf] hn]Zj/ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;sf dxf;lrj
clht rf}w/Ln] atfP .

sf= lh= d+k|=l;/

sf= b=
= !^#@)^#^$
@)&@ ;fn
^ g+ut]
cfOtaf/

dfbL
===
dfbL===

lj?4df ;+3if{ ub{} cfPsf] 5 .

clwsf/ k|flKtsf nflu /fHosf
lj?4 ul/g] ;+3if{ g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s
dfldnf xf] . g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s kIfdf
ePsf ;+3if{x?sf] cg'lrt kmfObf
p7fO s]xL ;dob]lv ef/tLo zf;s
ju{x?sf] g]kfndf cgfjZos /
c:jefljs lqmoflzntf a9\b} uPsf]
5 . d'n?kdf g]kfnsf] t/fO{{ /
dw]zdf ePsf cfGbf]ngdf ef/tLo
zf;s ju{ To;df klg df]bL ;/sf/sf]
/j}ofn] g]kfnsf] /fli6otf / /fli6o
:jfwLgtf / cv08tfdflysf] 7f8f]
x:tIf]k u/]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg / ;/sf/
lgdf{0f;Fu} ef/tLo zf;s ju{sf] of]
x:tIf]ksf lj?4 xfdLn] nuftf/ ;+3if{
ub{} cfPsf 5f}+ .
dw]zdf ePsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{
afFb/nfO{ ln:gf] sf] ?kdf k|of]u
u/L /fli6ocGt/f{li6o d"No, dfGotf
/ sfg"g ljkl/t gfsfaGbL ub{}
cfPsf sf/0f g]kfndf cfly{s ;+s6
l;h{gf x'g'sf ;fy} uDeL/ dfgjLo
;+s6 k}bf e}/fv]sf] 5 . o;af6
;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL hgtf ef/tsf] of]
/j}ofk|lt lrlGtt / cfqmf]lzt x'g'
:jefljs xf] . g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] of]
cj:yfk|lt cGt/f{li6o If]qsf] klg
Wofgfsif{0f e}/fv]sf] cj:yfnfO{ e|ldt
kfg{ / g]kfndf yk ;+s6 k}bf u/L
To;af6 cg'lrt nfe lngsf nflu
of] jQmJoafhL ul/Psf] xf] .
o;} l;nl;nfdf g/]Gb| df]bL
;/sf/n] g]kfnk|lt lnPsf] unt
gLltdf 8]le6 Sofd?gn] ;xdlt
hgfpFb} ;+oQ
' m x:tfIf/ ug{' ljutsf]
a]nfotL ;fd|fHojfbsf] w\wL dfq
xf] of g]kfnk|ltsf] p;n] lnPsf]
gLltdf kl/jt{g cfPsf] xf] . h]xf];\,
xfd|f] kf6L{ pQm jQmtJodf JoQm
cleJolQmn] Pp6f :jtGq /fi6sf]
/fli6otf :jfwLgtfdflysf] 7f8f]
x:tIf]k ePsfn] eT;{gf ub{5 .
ef/tLo zf;s ju{n] g]kfndfly
yf] k /] s f] gfsfaGbL, g] k fnL
e"efudflysf] cltqmd0f, g]kfnsf]
cfGtl/s dfldnfsf] ;" I d
Joj:yfgdflysf] x:tIf]ksf lj?4
;zQm ;+3if{ plqg] 3f]if0ff ub{5 .
;fy} ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm, afdkGyL /
hgjfbL zlQmnfO{ /fli6o k|lt/f]w
;+3if{df ;xefuL x'g xflb{s clkn
klg ub{5 .

gfsfaGbLlj?4 j} B ===

!= a}7ssf] k|f/Dedf dxfg\ hgo'4,

hgcfGbf]ng / ;du| qmflGtsf
jL/ cd/ ;lxbxk|lt Ps ldg]6
df}g wf/0f u/L efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL
ck{0f ul/of] .
@= ;Dk"0f{ b]z / k|jf;sf sfdsf
nflu ljleGg /fHoxsf] Joj:yf
ul/Psf] 5 .
#= s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno;lxt ;Dk"0f{
s] G b| L o cfof] h s ;ldltsf
;b:oxsf] sfo{ l jefhg
ul/Psf] 5 .
$= kf6L{ s f] Pstf k| l qmofnfO{
tn;Dd ljleGg a}7s, k|lzIf0f
sfo{qmd u/L dl\;/ dlxgfleq
;DkGg ug{] 7]ufg ePsf] 5 .
%= ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbL x:tIf]k tyf
c3f]lift gfsfaGbL / OGwgsf]
cefj, dxL, sfnfahf/Lnufot
/fli6 o tf, hgtGq tyf
hghLljsf;DaGwL ;d:ofxaf/]
;if{sf] sfo{qmd lbg] lg0f{o
lnOPsf] 5 . tTsfn
lgDgfg';f/sf] ;if{sf] sfo{qmd
lglZrt ul/Psf] 5
s_ b]zJofkL kdf k|rf/k|;f/ tyf
jfln ug{] .
v_ oxL dl\;/ & ut] lbpF;f] ef/tLo
/fhb"tfjfb;df 1fkgkq lbg] /
! ah]b]lv # ah];Dd b'O{ 306f
wgf{ ug{] .
u_ oxL dl\;/ ( ut] k|wfgdGqLsf]
sfof{nodf lj/f]wkq lbg] /
l;+xb/af/ cufl8 ! ah]b]lv #
ah];Dd b'O{306f wgf{ lbg] .
3_ oxL dl\;/ !! ut] b]zsf k|dv
'
;x/ tyf ljleGg efuxdf
lj/f]wk|bz{g ug{] .

_ pQm sfo{qmd ;DkGg eP nuQ}

;if{sf cGo sfo{qmdxsf]
3f]if0ff ug{] .
^= b]zsf] clxn]sf] uDeL/ l:yltdf
;Rrf b] z eQm, hgjfbL /
jfdkGyL zlQmxl;t ;+o'Qm
;if{sf nflu cfXjfg ug{] lg0f{o
lnOPsf] 5 .
&= ;Rrf sDo'lg:6 qmflGtsf/L;lxt
dfcf]jfbL zlQmxsf aLrdf
PsLs/0f / w|'jLs/0fsf] k|lqmof
cufl8 a9fpgsf nflu cfjZos
kxn tyf k|oTg ug{] lg0f{o
lnOPsf] 5 .
*= /fli6o ;Ddn]gsf] ltlyldlt
s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfnosf] cfufdL
a}7sdf 6'f] nufpg] 7]ufg ePsf]
5 .

gfsfaGbLlj?4
===
gfsfaGbLlj?4===
ePsf] gofF ;+ljwfgsf] lj/f]wdf
tLg dlxgfb]lv g]kfnsf lj?4
slyt c3f]lift gfsfaGbL u/]sf
5g\ .
@= sf/0fsf xsdf ef/t ;/sf/sf
cleJolQmcg' ; f/ ef/t;F u
l;dfgf hf]l8Psf] blIf0fL t/fO{s
{ f
;+oQ' m dw]zL nf]stflGqs df]rf{sf
s]xL g]tfsf dfux k'/f ug{ xfn}
hf/L ;+ l jwfgdf ;+ z f] w g
x'g'kb{5 .
#= oL g]tfsf dfuxdWo] gofF ;+3Lo
;+/rgfcGtu{t t/fO{{dw]zsf]
l;dfgf afFsL ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnaf6
cnu /fvL Pp6} k|bz
] x'gk' g{]
eGg] 5, o;nfO{ kxf8 / lxdfn
eg]/ a'lemG5 h;sf sf/0f o;
ef/tj]li7t -;g\ !(%$ df
;DkGg sf]zL Aof/]h ;Demf}tfsf]
wf/f !_ n] unt kdf sf];L
uf gbLdf ;Lldt ul/Psf]
g]kfnsf] hnoftfoftsf] clwsf/
:yflkt ug{] xf] eg] g]kfnsf]
e"kl/j]li7t cj:yf ;lhn} x6\5_
d' n ' s sf] cj:yf :jtM
dw]zj]li7t x'g k'Ug]5 .
$= o; dfunfO{ g] k fndf
Jofkskdf xfd|f] dft[e"ldnfO{
cfk"m clwg:y /fVg] tyf cyfx
hn;|f]t ;Fw}sf nflu sAhf ug{]
ef/tLo /0fgLltsf kdf
x]l/Psf] 5 . o:tf sbdn] g]kfn
l;lSsdLs/0f -dtbfgdfkm{t
ef/tdf l;lSsdsf] ljno,
lkmhLs/0f
-ef/tLo
cfk|jf;LxnfO{ k|of]u u/L lkmhL
sAhf_ tyf xfn}sf] qmfOldof hgdt ;+ u | x dfkm{ t ?;df
;dflxt_ sf] cj:yf l;h{gf
x'g;Sg] vt/f 5 .
%= ef/tn] g] k fn / ef/taLr
ljBdfg dfgj/lxt cGt/f{li6o
bzuhf l;dfgfnufot kfl/kl
cfkm\g} e"ld;d]t 9'f / k]6f]n
ad xfGg tyf g] k fnleq
;fj{hlgs tyf lghL ;DklQ
Wj:t ug{ ] k| o f] h gsf nflu
k|bz{gsf/LxnfO{ v'nfkdf
k|of]u ug{] 5'6 lbO/x]sf] 5 .
^= ef/tLo e"efukfl/sf] g]kfnL
e"efu cfjthfjt tyf 9'jfgLsf
nflu c;'/lIft 5 eGg] ef/t
;/sf/sf] bfaL em'7f 5 hals
!,*)) lsnf]ld6/ nfdf] v'nf
cGt/f{li6o l;dfgfsf s]xL d'Vo
gfsfxdf dfq s]xL afwf pTkGg
ul/Psf] l:ylt xf] .
v_ kl/0ffdx
&= OGwg / k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf]
cefjn] g]kfnleq cfjthfjt
7Kk ePsf] 5 . vfBfGg /
cf}iflwsf] cefjn] ut clk|n
@)!% sf] g/;+ x f/sf/L
e"sDkaf6 t\lu|Fb} u/]sf] b]zdf
uDeL/ dfgjLo ;6x pTkGg
eO/x]sf 5g\ .
*= g]kfndf a9\bf] ef/tlj/f]wL efjgf
l5d]sLxaLr x'g'kg{] ;'dw'/
;DaGw,
;xof] u
/
P]Soa4tfljk/Lt 5 .
(= g]kfn Jofkf/ tyf kf/jxgsf
nflu clt ljs6 pRr lxdfnL
e]u / nfdf] b"/LaLr rLgdfkm{t\
cGo b]zx;Fu ljsNk vf]Hg
afWo ePsf] 5 .
!)=Jofkf/nufotsf
cGo

ultljlwx 7Kka/fa/ ePsfn]

b] z sf] cy{ t Gq w/fzfoL
cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 .
u_ cGt/f{li6o sfg'gsf] pNn
pNng
!!= ef/tsf oL sbdxn] ;+o'Qm
/fi6;sf] a8fkqsf] wf/f @, ##
/ $! -h;n] ;+o'Qm /fi6;Lo
;'/Iff kl/ifb\nfO{ dfq cGt/f{li6o
zflGt / ;' / Iff sfod ug{ ]
k| o f] h gsf
nflu
gfsfaGbLnufotsf zlQmsf]
k|of]u ug{] clwsf/ lbPsf] 5_,
;d'b|;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6;Lo
dxf;lGwsf] wf/f !@% -h;n]
g] k fnh:tf e" k l/j] l i7t
/fi6xsf] ;d'Gb|;Dd kx'Frsf]
clwsf/ ;'/lIft u/]sf] 5_ tyf
Jofkf/df afwfc8\rg v8f ug{
gkfOg] af/]df ePsf ljZj Jofkf/
;+u7gsf sfg'gL k|fjwfg /
glh/xsf] pNng u/]sf 5g\ .
!@= o:tf] sfo{ blIf0f Pl;ofnL
/fi6xsf] If]qLo ;+u7g -;fs{_
tyf Jofkf/, kf/jfxg tyf
jfl0fHo;DaGwL cGo ljleGg
lkIfLo, ax' k IfLoIf] q Lo
;Demf} t fxsf efjgf /
p2]Zoxsf] k|lts"n;d]t 5 .
3 _ u' g f;fx
!#= ;+oQ' m clw/fHo a]nfot ;/sf/n]
Wofg lbg h?/L 5 ls ;g\ !*!^
sf] ;'uf}nL ;lGwtfsfb]lv g]kfnn]
ef]lu/x]sf] slyt e"kl/j]li7t
x'gs
' f] kL8f a[l6zef/t ;/sf/n]
cjnDag u/]sf] cf}klgj]lzs
/fhgLltsf] kl/0ffd xf] .
!$=
ef/t ;/sf/ tyf p;sf
;Qfwf/Lx g]kfnsf o'jfxn]
ef/tLo ;]gf -uf]vf{ /fOkmn cflb_
dfkm{t kfls:tfg / rLgh:tf
g]kfnsf ldq /fi6xlj?4 ePsf
ljleGg /Qmkftk"0f{ o'4d}bfgxdf
u/]sf cToGt} bb{gfs Tofuk|lt
cgle1 ePem}F b]lvG5 . g]kfnL
o'jfxn] ljjflbt sflZd/df
eO/x]sf] ef/tkfls:tfg Gdf
clxn] klg ef/tsf] /Iffsf nflu
cfkm\gf] hLjg cfx'lt lbO/x]sf
5g\ .
!^= gofF k':tfsf g]kfnL o'jfxnfO{
dxz'; eO/x]sf] 5 ls g]kfn
e"kl/j]li7t x'g' tyf cGofok"0f{
Pj+ u}/sfg'gL ;'uf}nL ;lGw !*!^_ tyf cfh;Dd klg sfod
uf] v f{ etL{ ; DaGwL lqkIfLo
;Demf}tf -!($&_ sf sf/0f g]kfn
cljsl;t x'gs
' f k5fl8 a]nfot
g}ltskdf lhDd]jf/ 5 . h;n]
cfkm\gf] hLjg lbP pgLxnfO{
lgj[lQe/0f / ;'ljwfsf ;jfndf
c;dfg Jojxf/ ug{' eg]sf]
pgLxsf] Tofudfly ePsf] wf]sf
xf] .
!&= g] k fnnfO{ ;' l gof] l ht 9n]
ef}uf]lns kdf aflx/L ;+;f/af6
k"0f{tM cnu /fVg a]nfotn] ef/t
5f] 8 \ g ] a ] n fdf ;F w } s f nflu
ef/tj]li7t tyf e"kl/j]li7t
cj:yfdf /fVbf;d]t g]kfn /
g]kfnL hgtfn] ef/t / ;+o'Qm
clw/fHo a]nfotdfly k"0f{kdf
ljZjf; / e/f];f u/] . b'j} b]zn]
g] k fn / g] k fnL hgtfnfO{
pgLxsf /0fgLlts :jfy{x
k'/f ug{] k|of]hgsf nfludfq
pkof]u u/] .
_ cg' / f] w
!*=xfdL ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqL;dIf
g] k fnsf lj?4 nflbPsf]
gfsfaGbL
tyf
cGo
afwfcj/f]wx k|rlnt lkIfLo
tyf ax'kIfLo ;Demf}tf tyf
cGt/f{li6o sfg'g -;+oQ' m /fi6;
tyf ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf
sfg'gL b:tfa]hx h;df b'j}
b]z /fHokIf 5g\_ g}lts tyf
sfg' g Lkdf afWofTds
bfloTjljk/Lt ePsfn] tTsfn
x6fOg] sfo{sf nflu cg'/f]w
ub{5f}F .
!(= k|rlnt o'/f]kn
] L tyf cGt/f{li6o
dfgjclwsf/ sfg'g, l;4fGt /
Jojxf/ljk/Lt sfod ;g\ !($&
sf] uf]vf{ etL{;DaGwL lqkIfLo
;Demf}tf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L kfpF .
@)=
ljgfzsf/L e"sDk tyf

xfn}sf] gfsfaGbLsf sf/0f pTkGg

boljbf/s cj:yf / sdhf]/
l:yltaf6 t\ l u| g sf nflu
g]kfnnfO{ cfjZos dfgjLo
;xof]u tyf ;xfotf pknAw
u/fO{ kfpF . xfd| f ] dft[ e " l d
g]kfn;Fu ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/ /
o; cg' / f] w nfO{ uDeL/ Pj+
;sf/fTdskdf lnOlbg'
ePsf] d f
;DdfggLo
k|wfgdGqLk|lt xflb{s wGojfb
JoQm ug{ rfxG5f}F .
o;}aLr, a[l6z uf]vf{ e"tk"j{
;}lgs ;+u7g -lau];f]_ sf ;lra
sNkgf cf\ax' fn] a]nfotsf] le;f
k| f ] ; ] l ; ;DalGw sfd ef/tsf]
lbNnLjf6 x'b} cfPsf]n] tTsfn ;f]
sfo{ aGb u/L g]kfnaf6 ug{ dfu
u/]sL 5g\ .

df] a fOnaf6
===
fOnaf6===

a9]sf] 5 . g]kfndf g]kfn 6]lnsd,

Pg;]n / :df6{ 6]lnsdn] df]afOndf
OG6/g]6 ;]jf pknAw u/fPsf 5g\ .
df]afOndf OG6/g]6 rnfpg]sf] ;+Vof
cGo ;]jfsf] t'ngfdf lta| ultn]
al9/x]sf] 5 .
w]/} g]kfnLsf] xftdf :df6{kmf]g
k'Ug'sf ;fy} OG6/g]6 ;]jf k|bfosn]
ufpF ufpF;Dd ;]jf lj:tf/ u/]kl5
OG6/g]6 k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof a9]sf]
xf] . g]kfn 6]lnsdsf] P8LP;Pn,
jfODofS;, df] a fOn OG6/g] 6 ,
l;l8PdP tyf Olel8of], Pg;]n /
:df6{ 6]lnsdsf] df]afOn OG6/g]6
;]jf lta| ultdf lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 .
kl5Nnf] ;do g]kfn 6]lnsd / cGo
;]jf k|bfos -cfOP;kL_ sf] 8fon
ck ;]jf, cfOP;kLsf] jfo/n];
df]l8od clK6sn kmfOjl/ Olyod,
s]jn df]l8od ;]jfsf u|fxsx? eg]
lj:tf/} 3l6/x]sf 5g\ . k|flws/0fsf
cg';f/ ;fpg;Dd 8fon ck rnfpg]
!) xhf/, jfo/n]; df]l8od % xhf/,
s]jn df]l8od ^ xhf/, P8LP;Pn
! nfv %) xhf/, l;l8PdPP tyf
Olel8of] ! nfv (( xhf/, jfODofS;
;f9] !# xhf/, lj:of6 a]i8 OG6/g]6
!# hgfn] lnO/x]sf 5g\ .

ef/tsf] = ==

x:tIf]kn] g]kfnsf] /fli6otf g}

vt/fdf kg{ ;S5, o;sf lj?4
pBf]uL, Jofkf/L, dhb'/, /fhgLlt1
;a} Ps} h'6 eP/ :jtGqtfsf n9\g'
kg{] a]nf cfPsf] 5 k|aQmf k|sf08n]
eg] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|sf08n] dw];
cfGbf]ng ef/tsf nflu ln:gf] ag]sf]
atfP . e"sDkn] lynf]lynf] ePsf]
g]kfndfly u/]sf] gfsfaGbLn] b]z
c:tJo:t ePsf] atfP . lhNnfl:yt
;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{ / ;/f]sf/jfnfsf]
pkl:ylt /x]sf] sfo{qmddf k|sf08n]
ef/tsf] x:tIf]klj?4 ;a} g]kfnL Ps
geP b]z g} vt/fdf kg{] wf/0ff
/fv]sf lyP .

ef/tLosf] = ==
b]zdf dtflwsf/ k|of]u ub{} cfPsf]
klg ;f] klqsfn] hgfPsf] 5 .
pQm klqsfn] cfufdL l8;]Da/df
x'g nfu]sf] :yfgLo lgjf{rgnfO{ cfwf/
agfP/ k|sflzt u/]sf] ;dfrf/df
bf]xf]/f] gful/stf lng]x? Pp6f
;d:ofsf ?kdf b]lvPsf] hgfPsf]
5 . g]kfnsf] gful/stf lnO;s]sf
ef/tLonfO{ ef/tdf dtflwsf/af6
jl~rt ul/g' k g{ ] ;Gb] z pQm
;dfrf/df lbg vf]lhPsf] 5 . dw];
cfGbf] n gsf qmddf c+ u Ls[ t
gful/stfwf/Lsf nflu ;dfg
clwsf/sf] dfu pl7/x]sf] ;Gbe{df
ef/tLo cvaf/n] g} bf] x f] / f]
gful/stfwf/Lsf] ;d:ofnfO{ phfu/
u/]sf] kl/l:ylt cfkm}+df ljrf/0fLo
/ uDeL/ 5 . ;LdfjtL{ If]qsf] Pp6f
ef/tLo lhNnfdf dfq @) xhf/eGbf
a9L;Fu g]kfnsf] gful/stf 5 eg]
k" j { d] r Lb] l v dxfsfnL;Ddsf
;LdfjtL{ ef/tLo lhNnfx?df g]kfnL
gful/stfwf/Lsf] ;+Vof slt xf]nf <
cg'dfg ug{ sl7g 5}g .

o'ldnfP/
P;PcfO8Lsf]
===
===
/fv]sf 5g\ . wg b]v]kl5
dxfb]sf] tLgg]q eg]h:tf] pgLx?n]
5fglag ug]{ lgsfo g} cfgf] sAhfdf

;f}o{ phf{sf] k|of]u l;+xb/af/af6} ;'? ul/g]

sf7df8f}F . k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] b]zaf;Lsf] gfddf ;Daf]wg ug{]
qmddf Ps jif{df nf]8;]l8 cGTo ug{] 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP . To;sf nflu b'O{
;o d]ufjf6 ;f}o{ phf{ pTkfbg ug{] 3f]if0ff klg s]xL lbg cl3 u/] .
k|wfgdGqLsf] 3f]if0ff;Fu} ;f}o{ phf{sf] k|j4{gsf lglDt ;Dj4 lgsfox? tft]sf
5g\ . lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno / j}slNks phf{ k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] ;dGjodf
tof/ kfl/Psf] k|:tfjdf ;8s alQb]lv ljdfg:yn;Dd /fli6o k|;f/0fsf]
ljB'tnfO{ ;f}o{ phf{n] k|lt:yfkg ug{] of]hgf agfOPsf] 5 . lj1fg tyf
k|ljlw dGqfnosf ;lrj s[i0frGb| kf}8n
] n] ;f}o{ phf{sf] k|of]u l;+xb/af/af6}
;'? ul/g] atfPsf 5g\ . l;+xb/af/df ljB't k|flws/0fsf] alQnfO{ ;f]nf/n]
k|lt:yfkg ul/g] pNn]v ub{} pgn] eg], ;/sf/ cfkm}n
+ ] ;'? u/]kl5 ;j{;fwf/0f
hgtf klg k|f]T;flxt x'G5g\ . ;f}o{ phf{ k|j4{gsf nflu ;/sf/n] zx/L ;f}o{
phf{ k|0ffnL shf{ gLlt kfl/t ul/;s]sf] 5 . pQm gLlt d'tflas kfFr
;ojf6b]lv !% ;o jf6sf] 3/fozL k|of]usf nflu !% xhf/ ?k}ofF h8fg vr{
;/sf/n] lbg] 5 . To;kl5 a}+s / a}slNks phf{ k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] ;xsfo{df
lagf lwtf] C0f k|jfx ul/G5 . 3/jfnfn] pQm C0f ls:tfjGbLdf ltg{ ;S5g\
eg] a}+n] lng] Aofhsf] &% k|ltzt /fHon] Joxf]5{ . !% ;o jf6eGbf dfly
;f}ol{ jB't pTkfbg u/]/ s;}n] ;fgf pBf]u ;~rfng ug{] xf] eg] klg j}slNks

phf{n] d2t u5{ . o;sf nflu a}s

+ n] C0f k|jfx u5{, /fHon] !% xhf/ h8fg
vr{ cg'bfgsf] ?kdf k|bfg u5{ / 7"nf pBf]usf xsdf a}+sdf nfUg] Aofhsf]
%) k|ltzt /fHon] Joxf]5{ . zx/L If]qdf klg ;f}o{ phf{af6 ljB'tnfO{
lj:yflkt u/L To;af6 art x'g] ljh'nL pBf]u snsf/vfgfdf nufOg]
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;|f]tsf] ?kdf ;f}o{ phf{nfO{ ckgfpg'k5{, kf}8]n eG5g\ .
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] sf] egfOdf
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k/]kl5 alQ cfkm}+ aN5 . pHofnf] ePkl5 cfkm}+ lgE5, :jLr klg rflxFb}g .
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3f]if0ffcg';f/ b'O{ ;o pTkfbg ;f}o{ phf{ pTkfbg Ps jif{df ;Dej /x]sf]
atfpF5g\ . o;sf nflu ;/sf/n] lghL If]qnfO{ klg kl/rfng ug{'kg{]
pgsf] ;'emfj 5 . nf]8;]l8 Go"gLs/0fsf nflu k|wfgdGqLn] u/]sf] 3f]if0ff
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cfjZos /x]sf] kf]v/]n atfpF5g\ . pgL eG5g\, e"sDk, af9Lklx/f]nufotsf
k|fs[lts ljklQx?sf] cj:yfdf phf{ ;'/Iffsf nflu klg ;f}o{ phf{ ;a}eGbf
pQd ljsNk xf] . b]zsf] phf{ ld>0fdf !% b]lv @) k|ltzt ;f}o{ phf{sf]
of]ubfg ePdf plrt x'g] pgL atfpF5g\ .
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\ f]
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kfl/;s]sf] h:tf] b]lvG5 .
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a]sDdf ;fljt eof] .
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;"rgf cfof]udf ph'/L u/]sf] /
/fli6o ;"rgf cfof]un] ut c;f]h
!$ ut] ;ft lbgleq ;"rgf pknAw
u/fpg sfo{qmd lgb]z
{ s bLks yfkf
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sf6\of] . t/, pgLx?n] clxn];Dd
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ldNsfOlbPsf 5g\ eGb} pgL of]
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b'Mv];f] kf]V5g\ .
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;"rgf dfUg] kqsf/ afns[i0f en]
klg xfn;Dd PG6\ofun] cfk"mnfO{
;"rgf pknAw gu/fPsf] atfP .
pgn] cfk"mn] ;"rgf gkfPkl5 k'gM
/fli6 o ;" r gf cfof] u sf] 9f] s f
9s9Sofpg] atfP .

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k|sf08n] g]kfnL sfFu|];, Pdfn] /
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hgtfsf] cfqmf]z a9]sf] / ToxL
df}sfdf ef/tn] gfsfaGbL u/]/
cfkm\gf] ceLi6 k"/f ug{ vf]h]sf]
atfP . pgn] cfkm\gf] kf6L{n] ef/tsf]
pSt ceLi6 k"/f x'g glbg] eGb}
cfjZos k/] b]zeSt ;a}n] ;+o'St
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d'lSt o'4 n8\g' kg]{ atfP .
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cfqmf]lzt 5 . g]kfnL g]tfx?n]
ljleGg sfnv08 / kl5Nnf]
;do;Dd ef/tsf] cufl8 em's]/
ljleGg ;lGw;Demf}tf u/], sltko
g]tfx?n] t pt}sf] bfgfkfgL ;d]t
vfPsfn] pgLx?n] u/]sf] cfu|xnfO{
6]/k'R5/ nufPsf] 5}g k|aStf
k|sf08n] eg] .
klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lj36g;Fu}
k|ltqmflGt ;'? ePsf] atfpFb} cfPsf]
dfcf]jfbLn] clxn] To;n] k"0f{tf
kfPsf] atfPsf] 5 . p;n] haha
k|ltqmflGt cufl8 a9\5, To;sf]
;fy;fy} qmflGt klg cufl8 cfpg]
;dfh lj1fgsf] lgod xf] eGb}
cfkm\gf] kf6L{n] qmflGtsf] g]tT[ j ug'k{ g]{
p;sf] lgisif{ 5 .

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E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com d'bs
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