d7 4 Final End-To-End Demo

Author: HARP Consortium
Document number D7.4 -001
Theme ICT
FP7-ICT-2011-8 Future Networks

Funding scheme
Collaborative project
Project Title
High capacity network Architecture with Remote radio heads & Parasitic
antenna arrays
Acronym
HARP
Project No
318489
DELIVERABLE D7.4
Final end-to-end demo
Work package 7
Leading partner: ALBLF
Dissemination level: PU
Delivery date: 15-11-2015
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE
The information contained herein is considered proprietary.

All rights reserved
D7.4 Final end-to-end demo
PAGE
1 of 33

Contributors
Partner
Contributing authors
UEDIN
AIT
EUR
IMPERIAL
NTNU
DTU
RADIOCOMP
ALBLF
FT
B. Gizas, K. Ntougias
M. Artuso
D. Boviz, L. Roullet
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
2 of 33

Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction ..........................................................................................................6
2.0 RRH prototype with parasitic antenna arrays implementing beam selection ..........8
2.1 Description ................................................................................................................. 8
2.1 System setup ............................................................................................................ 10
2.1 Results ...................................................................................................................... 11
3.0 Testbed for CSI based Precoding Demonstration .................................................. 12
3.1 Parasitic Antenna Arrays ......................................................................................... 12
3.2 WARP Platform ........................................................................................................ 14
3.3 CSI and Precoding .................................................................................................... 16
4.0 C-RAN cluster implementing uplink user selective joint detection ........................ 23
4.1 BBU-pool architecture ............................................................................................. 23
4.2 Implementation of uplink cooperation .................................................................... 24
4.3 Fronthaul connection ............................................................................................... 25
5.0 End-to-End Simulation for HARP Prototype .......................................................... 27
5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 27
5.2 Objective .................................................................................................................. 27
5.3 Integration of Simulator Components ..................................................................... 27
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
3 of 33

5.4 Uplink Joint Detection Simulator ............................................................................. 29

5.5 Network & Protocol Simulator ................................................................................. 30
6.0 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 32
7.0 References .......................................................................................................... 33
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
4 of 33

List of Figures
Figure 1: Overview of demonstrator elements ................................................................... 7
Figure 2: parasitic antenna optimization based on downlink CQI ...................................... 8
Figure 3: optimization process ............................................................................................ 9
Figure 4: system setup (USB case) .................................................................................... 11
Figure 5 Parasitic antenna array at 2.6GHz ...................................................................... 13
Figure 6 E-plane (red) and H-plane (blue) far field radiation pattern .............................. 14
Figure 7 The WARP testbed............................................................................................... 16
Figure 8 MIMO channel training sequence ....................................................................... 18
Figure 9 MIMO setup and signal model for a subcarrier (noise omitted from notation). 19
Figure 10 Sum-rate throughput for 4 different beam pairs. ............................................. 22
Figure 11 Architecture of the BBU-pool with PHY cooperation ........................................ 24
Figure 12 Fronthaul connectivity options ......................................................................... 26
Figure 13 End-to-end simulation overview ....................................................................... 28
Figure 14 - Systems Integration ........................................................................................ 29
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
5 of 33

1.0 Introduction
In this deliverable we describe the system demonstrator realized as the result of our
investigations in several tasks, during the whole project. Thus, it shows the
enhancements we propose in each level of cellular networks from the antenna array to
the core network. Contributions from all partners are directly or indirectly included in
the demonstrator, we implement technological innovations and novel theoretical
results.
The system demonstrator is decomposed in 4 independent demonstrations, 3 of them
being physical demonstration and 1 being a software demonstration of features
that could not find their way to the physical demonstration.
1) The first system prototype demonstrates how the CSI can be used for controlling
ESPAR antennas on the downlink.
2) The second system prototype demonstrates how the CSI can be used for
controlling ESPAR antennas on the uplink.
3) The third system prototype shows how C-RAN cluster enables multi-cell lowlatency cooperative processing through the example of uplink joint detection.
4) The fourth prototype is a system simulation showing some additional
performance of specific collaborative techniques inside the BBU-pool that
includes additional network layers.
All the segments of the demonstrator are represented in Figure 1.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
6 of 33

Figure 1: Overview of demonstrator elements
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
7 of 33

2.0 RRH prototype with parasitic antenna arrays implementing beam

selection
2.1 Description
This section presents the integration of parasitic antennas in a Cloud RAN architecture
following downlink optimization.
Figure 2: parasitic antenna optimization based on downlink CQI
The principle is exemplified in Figure 2:

-
A network of ESPAR antennas offers several beams selection (beam forming); in

our example we have a case of 2 ESPAR antennas with each of it having 4
possible beam selection (left, central, right, omni). Each ESPAR antenna is
connected to 1 eNB using one of the available technologies (10GbE: RRH + CPRI
gateway or USB: RRH + USRP). Each eNB is connected to a core network (EPC) so
that real traffic is actually flowing between UEs and Internet.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
8 of 33

A fleet of handsets are under the coverage of those beams with possible
interferences coming from adjacent beam; in our case we have 2 handsets and
each handset is attached to a different cell.
The optimization process is as follows:

o Handset Training sequence: CQI are being acquired by the CRAN
platform from the 2 eNBs. We test various possible combinations of
beams and store resulting CQIs using the collector framework.
o Then analysis can be performed on the collected CQI values to isolate the
best beam selection. Different Key Performance Indicators can be chosen
such as a proportional fairness approach and the sum rate.
o Then the resulting beam selection is applied to the infrastructure.
Figure 3: optimization process
This process is repeated at regular intervals.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
9 of 33

2.1 System setup

The system is constituted of following elements:
-
2 User Equipments (commercial handsets)
Parasitic antennas arrays and their controllers

o Single RF input
o Parasitic array designed at 2.6GHz with 35 degrees beams
o Ethernet-capable antenna controller based on a Raspberry for switching
the beams
RRH with 2 options

o Option 1: commercial ALU RRH with the CPRI gateway
o Option 2: USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral) B210 board from NI
Ethernet switches
o Option 1: low cost 10/100/1000 Mbps TL-SG105
o Option 2: Datacenter-grade Alcatel Lucent Enterprise switches
eNBs
o software based Open Air Interface eNB running on Toshiba laptops
Core network
o Software based Alcatel Lucent EPC running on Toshiba laptop
Log collector
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
10 of 33

o Software based Alcatel Lucent log collector running on Toshiba laptop

-
Antenna controller
o Software based Alcatel Lucent analytics processing engine running on
Toshiba laptop.
Figure 4: system setup (USB case)
2.1 Results
Using the OAI log collector, we are able to capture the CQI report coming from the 2 UEs
connected to the 2 cells. Analytics engine can access this data and perform the training
sequence by replacing the GUI in an automated way. Finally analytics perform the best
combination selection using one of the available CQI. These results are demonstrated in
the video.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
11 of 33

3.0 Testbed for CSI based Precoding Demonstration

This section of the deliverable presents the testbed, results and final conclusions of the
CSI based precoding over preselected beams. The system analysis is divided into three
parts:
1. Parasitic Antenna Arrays
2. WARP Platform
3. CSI and Precoding
3.1 Parasitic Antenna Arrays
The parasitic antenna arrays consist of five patches which form a cross (Figure 5). They
were built on a commercially available FR-4 substrate material with dielectric constant (
r = 4.4 ) and loss tangent ( tan = 0.002 ). The front side of the board was etched with
the active and the four parasitic patches with the common ground at the back. Each of
the five square patches measures 26mm by 26mm and the distance between all patches
is 2mm. The active element is fed through a feeding point and the 3dB beamwidth of
the antennas was measured around 45 degrees (Figure 6).
The antenna design was driven by the needs of the HARP demo. For this demo, two of
these antennas were used in order to demonstrate CSI-based precoding over
preselected beams.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
12 of 33

Figure 5 Parasitic antenna array at 2.6GHz
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
13 of 33

Figure 6 E-plane (red) and H-plane (blue) far field radiation pattern
3.2 WARP Platform

For the purpose of setting up a MIMO testbed to demonstrate arbitrary precoding
techniques over pre-selected beams we used the WARP v3 boards [1]. WARP stands for
Wireless Open-Access Research Platform. It is a scalable and extensible programmable
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
14 of 33

wireless platform, built from the ground up to prototype advanced wireless networks.
The WARP v3 modules are the latest generation of WARP hardware, integrating a high
performance FPGA, two flexible RF interfaces and multiple peripherals to facilitate rapid
prototyping of custom wireless designs.
The central controller consists of a single host PC, which uses MATLAB to send data and
control commands to the radio modules. WARP conveniently provides an open-source
MATLAB-based framework called WARPLab, which allows MATLAB to control and
configure the WARP boards and process transmit and receive data samples. This
baseline framework is used for rapid physical layer prototyping that allows the
coordination of arbitrary combinations of single and multi-antenna transmit and receive
nodes. The extensible framework gives users the flexibility to develop and deploy large
arrays of nodes to meet any application or research need.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
15 of 33

Figure 7 The WARP testbed
3.3 CSI and Precoding

For the CSI-based precoding testbed we use two WARP modules, having one configured
as two single-port transmitter nodes which can exchange control information and data
and the other as two single-port receiver nodes which operate independently. A loadcontrolled parasitic antenna array (LC-PAA) is connected at each of the transmit ports.
That way, we can emulate a multi-cell LC-PAA-enabled C-RAN-based setup where (a)
there are two RRHs and two single-antenna UEs, (b) each RRH wishes to serve its own
UE, (c) the transmissions take place simultaneously and over the same frequency band,
and (d) joint channel-dependent precoding transmission over pre-selected beams is
applied to eliminate inter-cell interference (ICI).
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
16 of 33

The operation of the system is divided into four phases:

1. CSI Estimation
2. CSI Feedback
3. Precoding and Transmission
4. Data Analysis and Conclusions
OFDM transmission is incorporated to emulate an LTE-based air interface.
The transmit antennas are connected to various sets of fixed load configurations. By
switching to a different set of loading values, a different beam combination is generated
at the transmit antennas, corresponding to a different 2 2 beam-channel H .
To accomplish channel estimation for each beam pair, explicit MIMO channel training is
added to the preamble of the transmission. The second antenna transmits during the
first burst of Short Training Symbols (STS) in order to ensure that proper gains are
selected at the receive node radio interfaces. To avoid beamforming accidentally the
transmission to an arbitrary direction, the STS symbols transmitted from the second
antenna are cyclically shifted by a user-changeable number of samples. Long Training
Symbols (LTS) are used by the receiver to estimate and correct for Carrier Frequency
Offset (CFO) as well for timing alignment via a cross correlator.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
17 of 33

Figure 8 MIMO channel training sequence
Finally, the preamble was concluded with time-orthogonalized transmission of channel

training symbols from each of the two transmit antennas. These two symbols were used
by the receiver to generate the 2 2 channel matrix for each of the data-bearing
subcarriers of the OFDM waveform.
The channel for each selected beam pair is estimated through least-squares (LS)
estimation. Denoting the training sequence vector as p , the received signal vector in
the training phase is given by
y = Hp.
Note that we have omitted noise. Then, the channel matrix can be estimated as follows:
1
H = yp ( pp ) .
In general, receiver CSI feedback has to be quantized and fed back to the transmitter but
in this case and since the two WARP modules are controlled through the same
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
18 of 33

PC/Controller, we provide channel state information feedback directly back to the

transmitter through MATLAB code.
Figure 9 MIMO setup and signal model for a subcarrier (noise omitted from notation).
Based on the CSI feedback, the transmitters perform jointly zero-forcing beamforming
(ZFBF) precoding. The precoding matrix W is calculated as follows:

F = H + = H HH
W=
F (:, k )
F (:, k )
, k = 1, 2
The second step has to do with power normalization purposes.

DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
19 of 33

Thus, the transmitted signal becomes s = Ws and the signal model is given by
= HWs
.
y = Hs
Note that we have assumed perfect CSI at the transmitter (CSIT), so that H = H . This is a
realistic assumption for the considered setup.
Under this assumption, ZFBF diagonalizes the channel matrix and nulls co-channel
interference (CCI). The effective channel matrix is given by
= diag [ a
H eff = HW
where a =
b ] I = QI,
1
1
and b =
are factors related with the aforementioned power
F (:, 1 )
F (:, 2 )
normalization procedure. Hence, we can rewrite the signal model as

y = H eff s = Qs.
That is, by plugging also into the previous equation the noise components and focusing
on the symbol-sampled complex-baseband received signal at each Rx, we have
yk =
1
sk + nk , k = 1, 2.
F (:, k )
Then, the SINR at RX k is given by

SINR k =
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
Pk
, k = 1, 2
F (:, k ) n2
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
20 of 33

where Pk is the transmit power of TX k and n2 is the noise variance. The data rate
associated with RX k is
Rk = log 2 (1 + SINR k ) , k = 1,2
and the sum-rate throughput is given by

R = R1 + R2 [bits/channel use]
Getting the channel estimations from the WARP testbed configuration for each one of
four different pre-determined beam pairs over 100 channel realizations, we have
evaluated the average sum-rate throughput of the system for a target SNR range
[ 10,10 ] dB through numerical simulations. The channel matrices have been
normalized appropriately in the simulation program to facilitate performance
evaluation. Also, a power allocation algorithm has been applied, so that the power
vector P = [P1 P2 ] results in the maximum possible sum-rate throughput under a sumpower constraint
P1 + P2 P.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
21 of 33

Average Sum Rate [bits/channel use]
2.5
Beam pair 1
Beam pair 2
Beam pair 3
Beam pair 4
1.5
0.5
0
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
10
Average SNR [dB]
Figure 10 Sum-rate throughput for 4 different beam pairs.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
22 of 33

4.0 C-RAN cluster implementing uplink user selective joint detection

In this part of the demonstrator we realize a BBU-pool enabling low-latency
communication between BBUs associated to different cell. We describe first the
architecture of the BBU-pool with the basic features of a C-RAN. Then we show how this
architecture facilitates to implement cooperative physical-layer functions and their
coordination on higher network layers. Finally, we describe fronthaul connection
infrastructures used between the BBU-pool and the RRHs.
4.1 BBU-pool architecture
As detailed in Deliverable 5.3.2, the realization of a C-RAN prototype implementing a
number of novel features includes several stages of which only the first one is in the
scope of HARP. Thus, we have implemented two eNodeBs (BBUs) using
OpenAirInterface in a server. This allows transferring data between them without
passing by the X2 interface. In addition this implementation is more cost-effective, even
if virtualization is not included at this stage.
The challenge of this implementation is to provide a transparent interface to connect
each BBU through the fronthaul infrastructures to the RRH. This means that at RRHs
there is not any perceptible difference between connection to an individual eNodeB or
to the BBU-pool. Each BBU should own its own address in the network and be accessible
individually, then if needed, share its data with the other one through dedicated
components inside the BBU-pool.
In addition, we have realized a flexible implementation using Docker containers, one for
each eNodeB. It facilitates deployment and updates, since each eNB has its own
environment independently from the other one. This makes our implementation
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
23 of 33

scalable, so if needed, much more cells should be processed in the same BBU-pool,
without modifying the structure of the architecture.
Figure 10 shows this architecture of the C-RAN cluster (BBU-pool) including the
components that enable cooperative processing described in the next sub-section.
Figure 11 Architecture of the BBU-pool with PHY cooperation
4.2 Implementation of uplink cooperation

The implementation using containers lets us benefit from a separate environment for
each BBU and from the co-localization of the eNBs in the same server. Thus, we can
deploy two identical OpenAirInterface software eNBs called lte-softmodem. Each eNB
uses the data coming from both of the users scheduled in the same PRB, placed in a
shared memory segment of the server, to jointly detect the user located in its own cell.
This makes the implementation symmetrical and scalable, since for any number of
cooperating cells the processing to do is the same, just the size of shared data changes.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
24 of 33

We added the multi-cell MMSE function based on the same principle as multi-user
MMSE detection with MIMO receiver in the same cell. The user signals transmitted on
the PRBs associated to joint detection form an array that allows retrieving the sent
signal of each user. Each line of the matrix multiplication described in following equation
is processed in a separate BBU-pool
x =W Hy
W = ( HGG H H H + 2 I ) 1 HG
x and y transmitted and receive signal vectors
H: channel matrix
G: precoding matrix
2: noise variance
We are configuring also the scheduler of each eNB in a static manner to associate UEs
participating in the joint detection the PRBs that are processed by the multi-cell MMSE
detector.
4.3 Fronthaul connection
We have several technological solutions available to connect the BBU-pool to the RRHs.
Since in this implementation we dont use a switch in the interface between the
fronthaul infrastructure and the BBU-pool, we realize a separate connection of each
BBU to the RRH located in its associated cell.
The different solutions listed below illustrate each one a different deployment scenario:
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
Direct connectivity through USB3: for an RRH co-located with the

BBU-pool in the same site.
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
25 of 33

Ethernet connection through dedicated link: for an RRH which is

deployed with its own fronthaul link
Ethernet connection and CPRI2Ethernet gateway if existing

Ethernet infrastructure is used between the RRH and the BBUpool.
Optimized fronthaul Ethernet network: SDN controller guarantees

flow routing (see figure 11)
Figure 12 Fronthaul connectivity options
We have tested all these possibilities in the prototype, and validated their performance
in the associated use cases. We illustrate in the video record of the demonstration the
most relevant options.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
26 of 33

5.0 End-to-End Simulation for HARP Prototype

5.1 Introduction
Some aspects of the HARP project have not been implemented in the C-RAN cluster
prototype. These aspects are especially those related to the investigations done on a
network level, where it would be beneficial to deal with multi-cell scenarios.
In order to address this and to provide further validation to the overall project, part of
the system-level features have been implemented in a network and protocol software
simulator that has been used throughout the project to provide results in terms of
protocol optimization and architectural guidelines for the fronthaul network design
[2,3].
Furthermore, Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) techniques for joint detection of the UE
in the uplink direction [4] have been integrated in the end-to-end network and protocol
simulator.
5.2 Objective
The objective of such integration work is to show the joint benefit that the CoMP JD
techniques can give, when integrated in the optimised network architecture
investigated in previous parts of the project. Additionally, this investigation can provide
a prototype albeit simulated software of the overall HARP network, with realistic
traffic profiles and protocol behaviours.
5.3 Integration of Simulator Components
The basic framework of the integration is represented by the protocol and network
model developed in OPNET modeller [2,3]. As mentioned in the referred document, the
physical layer processing for the downlink direction in such model is done offline by
means of look-up table generated by Matlab. Additionally, estimations of realistic
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
27 of 33

baseband processing delays have been done using OpenAirInterface and those results
have further been used to fine-tune the overall network model. The resulting outlook of
the various components is presented in the following Figure 13.
Figure 13 End-to-end simulation overview
In addition to these and taking inspiration from what has been done for the processing
of the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a further interface has been defined
in the UL direction between the UE and the RRH for the Physical Uplink Shared Channel
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
28 of 33

(PUSCH) in order to integrate the work done for CoMP UL JD in the model as presented
in the schematic view in Figure 14.
Figure 14 - Systems Integration
In the following, additional details will be given on the implementation details of the
integration.
5.4 Uplink Joint Detection Simulator
Using the modular implementation of OpenAirInterface we can transfer the
implementation of uplink joint detection in the BBU-pool in a simulated environment
which generates statistics that can be used as the input of OPNET network modeller.
In the simulator, we can implement joint detection for one co-channel user in each cell
in a multi-cell model where all the cells are centrally processed. We allocate to jointly
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
29 of 33

detected users the same PRBs in a static manner, since optimization of resource
allocation complexity increases with cell number.
Depending on user location, we extract from OpenAirInterface uplink simulator the Bit
Error Rate for each user signal associated to its SINR level. On one hand, we compare
these results between cell-centre users which are less impacted by inter-cell
interference and cell-edge users with and without joint detection that already shows the
improvement that we get using cooperation. On the other hand, these results can be
assimilated to the statistics of an uplink TCP transmission in order to study the impact of
joint detection on the data flow received by network applications.
5.5 Network & Protocol Simulator
The overall implementation details of the network and protocol models in the downlink
direction are detailed in [2,3], while in the following, the presentation will be limited to
additional features added in the integration work, as well as the configuration of the
parameters used that are obtained from previous investigations in the project.
In order to have a high-fidelity of the model behaviour when integrating it with the
offline PUSCH processing, the physical layer of the UE has been modified similarly to
what done in the BBU/RRH previously, so that SINR/BER tables generated in
OpenAirInterface are accessed when a transmission has to be done.
Additionally, fast retransmissions techniques have to be implemented by extending to
the PUSCH the protocol implementations of Hybrid Automatic Retransmission reQuest
(HARQ) in the MAC sublayer and the Automatic Retransmission reQuest (ARQ) in the
RLC sublayer.
HARQ is implemented and configured for a FDD system with 8 parallel processes as per
3GPP standard [5] while the ARQ follows the specification in [6] and therefore takes also
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
30 of 33

care of reordering packets for the higher layers. This latter part is implemented at the
network side in the BBU for the UL traffic.
Relevant parameters of the system simulator prototype are grouped in Table 1, while
the results of the overall prototype will be documented in the upcoming demo video
Simulated
Time
RRHs Number
UEs Number
ISD
Fronthaul
Delay
Processing
Time
2h
Channel Model
ETU70
9
27
500 m
UE mobility
BER Thr.
TCP Flavour
Static, 3 km/h
0.1%
New Reno
200 s
RX Buffer Size
65535
750 s
Max ACK Delay (s)
0.1
Max HARQ TX
HARQ RTT
MAX ARQ TX
Bandwidth
Trans. Mode
Interferers
8 ms
2
20 MHz
TM 0
6
PDSCH,
PUSCH
AWGN
Perfect
LTE Channel
Thermal Noise
Channel Est.
Window Scaling, ECN,

SACK
Max. Conn. Attempts
Max Data Attempts
Min. RTO (s)
Max RTO (s)
Application Model
8
12
0.2
64
HTTP v1.1
Page inter-arrival Time
Exponentially Dist. (Mean 10 s)
Page Size
Inter-session Time
Constant (6.5 Mbyte)

Exponentially Dist. (Mean 60 s)
YES, YES, YES
Table 1 Parameters of system simulator
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
31 of 33

6.0 Conclusion
We have described in this deliverable the different components of our demonstrator
setup including major findings of the project. ESPAR based cooperative beamforming
and uplink joint detection for selected users in the C-RAN are demonstrated in our
prototype. We have shown major improvement of access network performance thanks
to these features which are likely to be subject to further investigations in order to be
used in future large-scale C-RAN deployments. We have also validated through end-toend simulation with realistic traffic data the utilization of implemented cooperative
techniques by transposing prototype implementation to a simulation environment. All
these elements are giving a vision for future networks and a summary of our project
achievements.
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
32 of 33

7.0 References
[1] http://mangocomm.com/products/kits/warp-v3-kit
[2] HARP, "D6.2 Aggregation Network Optimization," 2015.
[3] HARP, "D6.3 Protocol Extensions Design and Implementation," 2015.
[4] HARP, D5.3.2 Prototype of a cloud RAN cluster implementing selected
techniques, 2015
[5] 3GPP, TS 36.321 Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification - 11.5.0,
ETSI, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, 2014.
[6] 3GPP, TS 36.322 Radio Link Control (RLC) protocol specification 12.2.0, ETSI,
Sophia Antipolis Cedex, 2015
DOCUMENT NUMBER
REV
D7.4-001
1.0.0
TITLE

All rights reserved
PAGE
33 of 33

d7 4 Final End-To-End Demo

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Descrição original:

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

d7 4 Final End-To-End Demo

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Author: HARP Consortium

Document number D7.4 -001

FP7-ICT-2011-8 Future Networks

Delivery date: 15-11-2015

The information contained herein is considered proprietary.