7 Klasis Matematika Maswavleblis Wigni

Sesavali
saqarTveloSi amJamad mimdinare zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolis reforma arsebiTad gansxvavebul moTxovnebs uyenebs saswavlo process. aqcenti faqtobrivi
masalis aTvisebidan gadatanilia saWiro unarebis gamomuSavebaze. amasTan dakavSirebiT Seicvala saskolo maTematikuri ganaTlebis miznebic. misi upirvelesi amocana gaxda moswavlis mier sasicocxlo maTematikuri unarebis aTviseba, misi momzadeba
momavali profesiuli saqmianobisTvis. swored am miznebis gaTvaliswinebiT Seiqmna
winamdebare kompleqti me-7 klasisaTvis: `maTematika 7~, romelic moswavlisa da
maswavleblis wignebisagan Sedgeba.
saxelmZRvaneloSi aRwerili VII klasis maTematikis kursi moswavleTaTvis saWiro
codnis gadacemasTan erTad miznad isaxavs praqtikaSi am codnis gamoyenebis
swavlebas, maTematikuri intuiciis, msjelobis, faqtebis analizis unaris ganviTarebas. am TvalsazrisiT kursis miznebi savsebiT Seesabameba zogadsaganmanaTleblo
standartSi Camoyalibebul miznebs.
saxelmZRvaneloSi warmodgenili saswavlo masala moicavs Semdeg sakiTxebs:
ricxvebi da moqmedebebi
ariTmetikuli moqmedebebi mTel da racionalur ricxvebze;

nawilebi da procentebi, proporcia;
ariTmetikuli moqmedebebis Sedegis Sefaseba;
mTel ricxvTa gayofadoba, naSTi, jeradebi da gamyofebi, martiv mamravlebad daSla;
xarisxi naturaluri maCvenebliT;
zomis erTeulebi da kavSiri maT Soris.
kanonzomierebebi da algebra
simravleTa Teoriis elementaruli cnebebi;

mimdevrobebi;
cvladis Semcveli martivi gamosaxulebebi;
pirdapirproporciuli da ukuproporciuli damokidebuleba;
wrfivi gantolebebi da maTTan dakavSirebuli praqtikuli amocanebi;
koordinatTa sistema da grafiki.
geometria
ZiriTadi geometriuli cnebebi: wertili, wrfe, sibrtye;

martivi geometriuli figurebi: mravalkuTxedebi, kuTxe. maTi klasifikacia;
samkuTxedebi: elementebi, Tvisebebi, tolobis niSnebi;
umartivesi agebebi fargliTa da saxazaviT;
geometriuli gardaqmnebi sibrtyeze.
monacemTa analizi, albaToba da statistika
monacemTa Segroveba da organizacia;

monacemTa warmodgenis saSualebebi: sia, cxrili, piqtograma, sxvadasxva tipis
diagramebi.
maswavleblis wigni moicavs:

saswavlo masalis Tematur ganawilebas;
TiToeuli Tavis dasawyisSi mocemul miznebis rukas;
TiToeuli Tavis da TiToeuli paragrafis ZiriTad miznebs;
im codnisa da unarebis CamonaTvals, romelsac SeiZens moswavle TiToeuli
paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad;
TiToeuli paragrafis Sinaarsis zogad daxasiaTebas;
meTodur rekomendaciebs;
5
meTodur komentarebs savarjiSoebis Sesaxeb da pasuxebs;

zepir savarjiSoebs;
damatebiT savarjiSoebs.
mocemul masalaze dayrdnobiT saxelmZRvaneloSi ganxorcielebulia standartSi

Camoyalibebuli Sedegebis realizacia. kerZod, saxelmZRvaneloSi gadmocemuli
kursis aTvisebis Semdeg moswavles unda SeeZlos:
mTel ricxvebze naSTiT gayofis Sesruleba, udidesi saerTo gamyofisa da

umciresi saerTo jeradis povna, ricxvis daSla martiv mamravlebad;
racionaluri ricxvebis warmodgena sxvadasxva formiT (wiladi, aTwiladi, procenti, wertili ricxviT RerZze), maTi Sedareba da maTze moqmedebebis Sesruleba;
racionalur ricxvebze moqmedebebis Sedegis Sefaseba;
ricxvebze moqmedebisas naturalurmaCvenebliani xarisxis Tvisebebis gamoyeneba;
praqtikuli amocanebis amoxsnisas gazomvebis damoukideblad Sesruleba da
saWiro gamoTvlebis koreqtulad warmoeba.
simravleTa Teoriis cnebebisa da aRniSvnebis gamoyeneba simravleebis Casawerad;

mimdevrobebSi periodis an nazrdis gamoyofa;
praqtikuli amocanebis amoxsnisas sidideebs Soris pirdapirproporciuli da
ukuproporciuli damokidebulebebis gamoyeneba;
cvladis Semcveli martivi gamosaxulebebis Sekreba, gamokleba da gamravleba,
gamosaxulebis ricxviTi mniSvnelobis gamoTvla;
cxriliT an formuliT mocemuli damokidebulebis grafikis ageba, grafikis
interpretacia;
amocanebTan dakavSirebuli martivi wrfivi gantolebebis Sedgena da amoxsna.
geometria
brtyeli geometriuli figurebis (wertili, monakveTi, sxivi, wrfe, kuTxe,
mravalkuTxedebi) da maTi elementebis amocnoba, daxazva da klasifikacia.
geometriuli amocanebis amoxsnisas naxazis sworad Sesruleba;
koordinatTa sistemis saSualebiT wertilis miTiTeba da wertilis koordinatebis dadgena;
samkuTxedebis Tvisebebisa da tolobis gamoyeneba geometriuli amocanebis
amoxsnisas;
izometriuli geometriuli gardaqmnebis (RerZuli simetria, paraleluri
gadatana) warmoeba (koordinatTa sistemis meSveobiT an naxazis gamoyenebiT);
monacemTa analizi, albaToba da statistika
monacemTa mopoveba dakvirvebiT, gazomvebiT an gamokiTxviT da warmodgena siis,
cxrilis, piqtogramis an diagramis saxiT;
monacemTa miTiTebuli niSniT klasifikacia da dalageba.
momdevno gverdze moyvanili moswavlis wignis (saxelmZRvanelos) struqtura
iTvaliswinebs maTematikis Tanamedrove saskolo saxelmZRvanelos Seqmnis saerTaSoriso gamocdilebas. saxelmZRvanelos zogierTi komponenti - proeqtebis nimuSebi,
maTematikuri terminebis leqsikoni da sacnobaro masala SedarebiT axalia
maTematikis saskolo saxelmZRvaneloebSi. garda uSualo funqciisa maT damatebiTi
datvirTvac gaaCniaT: moswavlisTvis wignTan da informaciis sxva wyaroebTan muSaobis kulturis Camoyalibeba.
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saxelmZRvanelos struqtura
saxelmZRvanelo
damatebiTi masala
Sesavali
damatebiTi amocanebi
proeqtebis nimuSebi
sacnobaro masala
terminebis leqsikoni
Sinaarsi
Tavi 1
Tavi 2
Tavi 3
Tavi 4
Tavi 5
Tavi 6
Tavis struqtura
Tavfurceli
miznebi
proeqti
àba, scade!~
paragrafi
mizani
Sinaarsi
kiTxvebi
savarjiSoebi
Tavis mimoxilva
ra viswavleT
kiTxvebi da amocanebi
gavlili masalis Sesamowmeblad
jgufuri samuSao
(testi)
saxelmZRvanelos sabazo erTeulia paragrafi, romelic erT an or gakveTilzea

gaTvlili. masSi saxelmwifo standartebis moTxovnebidan gamomdinare Camoyalibebulia miznebi da mosalodneli Sedegebi, romelTa miRwevasac emsaxureba
mocemul paragrafSi moyvanili saswavlo Sinaarsi, savarjiSoebi da amocanebi.
paragrafis tipuri agebuleba aseTia:

Camoyalibebulia paragrafis mizani: masSi aRwerilia, ra unda aiTvisos moswavlem
am paragrafSi; miznebi, rogorc wesi, emsaxureba saxelmwifo standartebSi
dafiqsirebuli Sedegebis miRwevas;
ganxiluli da amoxsnilia Sesaswavl masalasTan dakavSirebuli amocana an amocanebi
(rogorc wesi, praqtikuli xasiaTis);
ganxilul amocanebze dayrdnobiT axsnilia Teoriuli masala;
moyvanilia axsnil masalasTan dakavSirebuli damatebiTi informacia (kavSiri
codnis sxva sferoebTan, istoriuli faqtebi da a.S.);
mocemulia klasSi Sesasrulebeli savarjiSoebi da individualuri da jgufuri
aqtivobebi codnis ganmtkicebisTvis.
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paragrafis momdevno nawili gaTvaliswinebulia saSinao davalebebisa da klasSi

damatebiTi muSaobisaTvis. masSi:
mocemulia kiTxvebi da savarjiSoebi SeZenili codnis Sesamowmeblad;

mocemulia kompleqsuri xasiaTis amocanebi, romelTa amosaxsnelad saWiroa
paragrafSi mocemuli masalis dakavSireba adre miRebul codnasTan;
mocemulia kiTxvebi da amocanebi adre aTvisebuli masalis gasameoreblad;
mocemulia aratipuri da kvleviTi xasiaTis amocanebi da proeqtebi.
rogorc am aRweridan Cans, ukve paragrafis doneze gaTvaliswinebulia mravalmxrivi aqtivobebi, maT Soris gansxvavebuli SesaZleblobebis moswavleebTan samuSaod.
cxadia, konkretuli paragrafi, masSi ganxiluli saswavlo masalisa da mosalodneli Sedegebis gaTvaliswinebiT, SeiZleba am komponentTagan yvelas ar Seicavdes.
saxelmZRvanelos yovel Tavs aqvs Tavfurceli da Tavis mimoxilva. TavfurcelSi
Camoyalibebulia Tavis ZiriTadi miznebi. aqve mocemulia proeqti, romlis Sesruleba
moiTxovs am TavSi gadmocemuli masalis codnas. Tavis mimoxilva mokled mimoixilavs
am TavSi Seswavlil masalas, Seaxsenebs moswavles im Sedegebs, romelTac man miaRwia
mocemul TavSi gadmocemuli masalis aTvisebisas. aq moyvanili amocanebi exmareba
maswavlebelsa da moswavles, gaakontrolos am Sedegebis miRwevis done.
meTodika
saxelmZRvaneloSi gamoyenebuli meTodika iTvaliswinebs meSvide klasis moswavlis
asakobriv da fsiqologiur Taviseburebebs, agreTve saswavlo masalis specifikas.
kerZod, masSi realizebulia Semdegi principebi:
masalis formaluri aTvisebidan aqcentis gadatana moswavleTaTvis raodenobrivi da sivrculi warmodgenebis Camoyalibebaze;
maTematikuri ideebis axsnisas TvalsaCinoebis maqsimaluri gamoyeneba;
yuradRebis gamaxvileba moswavlis maTematikuri da zogadi unar-Cvevebis
ganviTarebaze;
saxelmZRvaneloSi gadmocemuli saswavlo masalis dakavSireba praqtikasTan.
praqtikuli amocanebis amosaxsnelad saWiro strategiebisa da meTodebis
Tanamimdevruli aTviseba.
mokled SevexoT saxelmZRvaneloSi gamoyenebuli meTodikis zogierT aspeqts mimarTulebebis mixedviT.
am mimarTulebaSi mTavari yuradReba eqceva moswavlis mier ricxvis cnebis
gaazrebas, gamoTvlebis strategiis sworad SemuSavebas, zepiri angariSis, Sefasebis
unaris gamomuSavebas.
saxelmZRvaneloSi ricxvTa sistemebis Semotanisas da ricxvebze moqmedebebis
aRwerisas Tanamimdevrulad xdeba maTi demonstrireba TvalsaCino modelebze da
praqtikul amocanebze.
savarjiSoebisa da amocanebis mniSvnelovani nawili emsaxureba moswavlisTvis
ricxvebze moqmedebisas Sefasebis unaris Camoyalibebas. aseTi amocanebi praqtikulad
yovel paragrafSi gvxvdeba.
didi yuradReba eTmoba saswavlo procesSi kalkulatoris gamoyenebas. savarjiSoebis nawili saxelmZRvaneloSi gamiznulia kalkulatorze gamoTvlebis efeqturad
Sesrulebis Sesaswavlad. amasTan, kalkulatori gamoiyeneba ara marto rogorc
gamoTvlebis Sesasrulebeli instrumenti, aramed rogorc ricxviTi eqsperimentebis
Casatarebeli xelsawyo.
geometria
saxelmZRvaneloSi Cven Tavs vikavebT geometriis, rogorc formalur-deduqciuri
sistemis, agebisagan. vTvliT, rom swavlebis am etapze aucilebelia, moswavles
8
gamoumuSavdes intuiciuri warmodgenebi geometriuli figurebisa da geometriuli

gardaqmnebis Sesaxeb. amitom geometriuli faqtebis mniSvnelovani nawilis gacnoba
xdeba TvalsaCinod demonstrirebiT. saxelmZRvaneloSi gaTvaliswinebulia moswavleebis mier Sesabamisi aqtivobebis Sesruleba geometriul modelebze, raTa darwmundnen gadmocemuli geometriuli faqtebis marTebulobaSi. amasTan erTad saxelmZRvaneloSi TandaTanobiT xdeba deduqciuri msjelobebis, rogorc geometriuli
faqtebis dasabuTebis instrumentis, Semotana.
garda tradiciuli masalisa, saxelmwifo standartiT am mimarTulebiT gaTvaliswinebulia axali moTxovnebi, kerZod obieqtTa sistemebSi kanonzomierebebis SemCnevis
unaris gamomuSaveba. saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanili aqtivobebis nawili mimarTulia swored am unaris ganviTarebisaken. amisaTvis gamoiyeneba TvalsaCinoebebi, praqtikidan
aRebuli faqtebi, agreTve maTematikuri eqsperimentebi. aseTi aqtivobebis nawilis
Sesruleba da Sedegebis ganxilva gaTvaliswinebulia moswavleTa jgufis mier, rac
moswavleebSi komunikaciisa da msjelobis unaris ganviTarebis saSualebas iZleva.
saxelmZRvaneloSi Tanamimdevrulad xdeba algebruli meTodebis Semotana da maTi
gamoyenebis demonstrireba praqtikul magaliTebze.
monacemTa analizi
rogorc cnobilia, monacemebze muSaobis unaris gamomuSavebas dRemde ar eqceoda
saTanado yuradReba. moswavleebma praqtikulad ar ician monacemebis Segroveba da
organizacia, sustad floben Segrovili informaciis grafikuli warmodgenis meTodebs. amitom saxelmZRvaneloSi ganxilul masalaze dayrdnobiT gaTvaliswinebulia
savarjiSoebisa da amocanebis kompleqti am xarvezis aRmosafxvrelad. specialuri
(maT Soris jgufuri) aqtivobebi eZRvneba monacemebis Segrovebis organizacias. isini
moicaven rogorc erTjerad davalebebs, ise grZelvadian proeqtebs.
zogadi maTematikuri unarebi

am terminSi vgulisxmobT im unarebs, romlebic ar aris Semofargluli erTi
romelime TematikiT an mimarTulebiT. esenia msjelobis, komunikaciis, amocanebis
amoxsnis, sakuTari naSromis warmoCenis unarebi. am unarebis gamomuSaveba da
ganviTareba maTematikis swavlebis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi mizania.
saxelmZRvaneloSi am unarebis ganviTareba xdeba amocanebis amoxsnis konteqstSi.
kerZod, saxelmZRvaneloSi gaTvaliswinebulia specialuri amocanebi, romlebic
moicaven yvela am aspeqts: realuri situaciis maTematikur modelirebas, amocanis
gadasawyvetad saWiro informaciis moZiebas, amocanis amoxsnis meTodis SemuSavebas,
amoxsnis warmodgenas saWiro formiT, amoxsnis marTebulobis dasabuTebas. aseTi
amocanebi saSualebas aZlevs maswavlebels, gaakontrolos moswavleSi aRniSnuli
unarebis progresi.
saxelmZRvaneloSi gaTvaliswinebulia agreTve zogadi organizaciuli unarCvevebis ganviTarebisadmi miZRvnili aqtivobebi sxvadasxva individualuri da
jgufuri proeqtebisa da prezentaciebis saxiT.
saxelmZRvaneloSi realizebuli meTodikis mniSvnelovani komponentia masSi
mocemuli davalebaTa sistema. igi iTvaliswinebs asakobriv fsiqologiur moTxovnebs
da ganisazRvreba balansiT logikasa da intuicias, abstraqtulsa da TvalsaCinos,
mixvedrilobasa da gansjas Soris. yoveli Tema sruldeba:
kiTxvebiT, romlebic moswavles aZlevs TviTSemowmebis saSualebas;
à~ jgufis savaldebulo savarjiSoebiT;
`b~ jgufis garTulebuli savarjiSoebiT.
yoveli Tavis boloSi moyvanilia damatebiTi savarjiSoebi, romelTa mizania mocemul
TavSi Seswavlili masalis ganmtkiceba. maTi nawili gazrdili sirTulisaa. davalebaTa
aseTi struqtura saSualebas aZlevs maswavlebels, imuSaos sxvadasxva donis
moswavleebTan, SeamCnios da aRmofxvras swavlis procesSi gamovlenili xarvezebi.
davalebebs Soris mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs proeqtebi, romlebic saxelmZRvanelos yovel TavSia mocemuli. maTematikuri codnis gaRrmavebasTan erTad maTi
mizania, miaCvios moswavle samuSaos dagegmvas, saWiro informaciis damoukideblad
9
mopovebasa da damuSavebas, naSromis prezentacias. moswavleTa jgufis mier

Sesrulebuli proeqti ayalibebs jgufis wevrebSi Sromis organizaciis unars, xels
uwyobs maTSi komunikaciis unaris ganviTarebas.
gTavazobT VII klasis maTematikis erovnul saswavlo gegmas.
mimarTuleba: ricxvebi da moqmedebebi
Sedegebi da maTi indikatorebi

VII.1. kiTxulobs, gamosaxavs, adarebs da alagebs racionaluri ricxvebs
poziciuri sistemis gamoyenebiT.
1.
aTwiladis CanawerSi uTiTebs Tanrigebs da asaxelebs TanrigebSi mdgom cifrTa

mniSvnelobebs; iyenebs am codnas aTwiladebis Sedarebis an
(zrdadobiT/klebadobiT) dalagebisas (mag., gaSlis sasrul aTwilads saTanrigo
Sesakrebebis jamis saxiT, daalage klebiT 2.9259, 3.1, 2.93, da 2.899).
2.
gamosaxavs da adarebs uaryofiT ricxvebs poziciuri sistemis gamoyenebiT; axdens

mopirdapire ricxvisa da ricxvis absoluturi mniSvnelobis cnebebis modelze
demonstrirebas (maT Soris ricxviT RerZze).
3.
ekvivalenturi formiT wers Sereul ricxvebs, aTwiladebsa da wiladebs; adarebs

da alagebs sxvadasxva saxiT mocemul ricxvebs (aTwiladi wiladi).
4.
poziciuri sistemis gamoyenebiT, konkretul magaliTebze asabuTebs gayofadobis

niSnebidan zogierTs (mag., 3-ze da 9-ze gayofadobis niSnebs); poulobs mocemuli
ricxvebis umcires saerTo jeradsa da udides saerTo gamyofs.
VII.2. sxvadasxva xerxiT asrulebs moqmedebebs racionalur ricxvebze

1.
axdens mTel ricxvebze ariTmetikuli moqmedebebis modelze demonstrirebas (mag.,
`dadebiTi~ da ùaryofiTi~ erTeulovani `muxtebiT~, e. i. ori gansxvavebuli feris

`nulovani wyvilebiT~).
2.
iyenebs ricxvis Caweris ekvivalentur formebs, moqmedebaTa Sesrulebis

Tanmimdevrobas, maT Tvisebebsa da dajgufebas gamoTvlebis gasamartiveblad
(martivi magaliTebi am kompetenciis flobis Sesamowmeblad).
3.
yofs ricxvs proporciul nawilebad da poulobs ricxvs misi mocemuli nawilis

mixedviT.
4.
axdens naturalurmaCvenebiliani xarisxis Tvisebebis demonstrirebas.
5.
zepiri angariSisas iyenebs procentis kavSirs ricxvis nawilebTan; poulobs

mocemuli ricxvis procents da xsnis Sebrunebul amocanebs.
6.
irCevs da iyenebs racionalur ricxvebze ariTmetikul moqmedebebis Sesrulebis

xerxs (es xerxebia: zepiri, teqnologiebis gamoyenebiT, weriTi algoriTmebi).
VII.3. afasebs racionalur ricxvebze moqmedebaTa Sedegs.

1.
gamoTvlebze sayofacxovrebo amocanis amoxsnisas iyenebs zepiri angariSis xerxebs

an Sesabamis SemTxvevaSi moqmedebaTa Sedegis Sefasebas.
2.
afasebs racionalur ricxvebze ariTmetikul moqmedebaTa Sedegis ricxviT

mniSvnelobas, asrulebs moqmedebebs da amowmebs Tavis varauds.
3.
amrgvalebs racionalur ricxvebs miTiTebuli sizustiT; miaxloebiT poulobs

(sizustis miTiTebis gareSe) ariTmetikuli gamosaxulebis mniSvnelobas.
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4.
iyenebs Sefasebas aTwiladebze (weriTi algoriTmis an kalkulatoris gamoyenebiT)

Catarebuli gamoTvlebis Sedegis àdekvaturobis~ Sesamowmeblad.
VII.4. erTmaneTTan akavSirebs zomis sxvadasxva erTeulebs da iyenebs maT

amocanebis amoxsnisas.
1.
irCevs da iyenebs Sesaferis erTeulebs sididis cvlilebis, moZraobis siCqaris,

masStabisa da rukaze manZilis povnasTan dakavSirebuli amocanebis amoxsnisas.
2.
xsnis praqtikul saqmianobasTan dakavSirebul da/an sxva saswavlo disciplinebidan

momdinare amocanebs gamoTvlebze (mag., umartivesi xarjTaRricxva; istoriuli
epoqis xangrZlivobis gansazRvra; amocanebi procentebze da proporciaze:

xsnarebi, Senadnobebi da sxva).
3.
mocemuli wrfivi damokidebulebis gamoyenebiT gamosaxavs erT sistemaSi mocemul

erTeuls sxva sistemis erTeuliT.
4.
gamosaxavs mocemul erTeuls imave sistemis sxva erTeuliT (mag., gamosaxavs did
erTeulebs mciris saSualebiT: gadahyavs km/sT -ebSi mocemuli monacemi m/wm -Si).
Sinaarsi
1. mTeli ricxvebi da ariTmetikuli moqmedebebi mTel ricxvebze.
2. wiladebi da aTwiladebi, maT Soris zogierTi kavSiri.
3. procenti (100-ze naklebi an toli da 1-ze meti an toli procenti); kavSirebi:
erTi da imave mTelis procenti da nawili.

4. ricxvebis Sedareba da ariTmetikuli moqmedebebis Sedegis Sefaseba.
5. ricxvis proporciul nawilebad dayofa (mag., 2 : 3 : 5).
6. ricxvebis umciresi saerTo jeradi da udidesi saerTo gamyofi; ricxvis martiv
mamravlebad daSla.
7. ricxvis naturalurmaCvenebliani xarisxi.
8. naSTiT gayofa, naSTi da gayofadobis niSnebidan zogierTi.
9. zomis erTeulebi, zomis erTeulebs Soris kavSirebi da zomis erTeulebis
gamoyeneba:
masStabi ;
erTi sistemis erTeulis sxva sistemis Sesabamisi erTeuliT gamosaxva.
10. fasdakleba/fasis gazrda (TanmimdevrobiTi da erTjeradi
fasdaklebebis/fasebis zrdis erTmaneTTan Sedareba) da martivi
xarjTaRricxva.
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mimarTuleba: kanonzomierebebi da algebra

VII.5. amoicnobs da
damokidebulebas.
gamosaxavs
sidideebs
Soris
pirdapirproporciul
1.
mocemuli damokidebulebisaTvis Tvisebrivad da raodenobrivad aRwers, Tu ra

gavlenas axdens erTi sididis cvlileba meoris mniSvnelobaze; mohyavs mudmivi da
aramudmivi raodenobrivi cvlilebis magaliTebi yoveldRiuri cxovrebidan.
2.
sityvierad Camoyalibebul debulebas sidideebs Soris damokidebulebisa da

mimarTebis Sesaxeb gamosaxavs grafikulad an/da cxriliT da piriqiT grafikulad
an/da cxriliT gamosaxul damokidebulebas aRwers sityvierad.
3.
sxvadasxva xerxiT (grafikulad, cxrilis saxiT, sityvierad, algebrulad) mocemul

damokidebulebebs Soris miuTiTebs erTi da imave damokidebulebis Sesabamis
gamosaxvebs.
VII.6. amocanis amoxsnisas iyenebs simravleTa Teoriis cnebebsa da operaciebs.

1.
sxvadasxva xerxiT mocemuli simravlisaTvis gansazRvravs mocemuli elementis

kuTvnilebas mocemuli simravlisadmi.
2.
problemis gadaWrisas iyenebs venis diagramebs simravleTa Soris mimarTebebis

dasadgenad da simravluri operaciebis Sesasruleblad.
3.
sworad iyenebs simravleTa Teoriis cnebebs da Sesabamis aRniSvnebs simravluri

operaciebis, simravleTa Soris mimarTebis, elementsa da simravles Soris
mimarTebis gamosaxvisas.
VII.7. amartivebs algebrul gamosaxulebas da xsnis wrfiv gantolebas.

teqsturi amocanis amosaxsnelad adgens da xsnis erTucnobian wrfiv gantolebas.
iyenebs moqmedebaTa Tvisebebs, maT Tanmimdevrobas da dajgufebas algebruli
(ara umetes ori cvladis Semcveli wrfivi an meore xarisxis) gamosaxulebis
gasamartiveblad da misi mniSvnelobis gamosaTvlelad cvladebis mocemuli
mniSvnelobebisaTvis.
algebruli gardaqmnebis an/da logikuri msjelobis gamoyenebiT asabuTebs an
uaryofs ori algebruli (ara umetes ori cvladis Semcveli wrfivi an meore
xarisxis) gamosaxulebis igivur tolobas.
VII.8. ganavrcobs da aanalizebs obieqtebis periodul mimdevrobas da mudmivi

nazrdis mqone ricxviT mimdevrobas.
1.
periodul mimdevrobaSi gamoyofs mimdevrobis periods.
2.
warmoadgens mimdevrobis mocemuli fragmentis gavrcobis or an met variants,

ganmartavs gavrcobis variantebs da adarebs maT.
3.
dasmuli amocanis konteqstidan gamomdinare irCevs mimdevrobis gavrcobis

variants da asabuTebs Tavis arCevans.
4.
ganavrcobs mudmivi nazrdis mqone ricxviT mimdevrobas; asaxelebs realur

viTarebaSi iseTi procesis magaliTebs, romlebic aseTi mimdevrobiT aRiwereba.
Sinaarsi
12
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
pirdapirproporciuli damokidebuleba da misi gamosaxva grafikis da cxrilis

saSualebiT.
simravleTa Teoriis cnebebi, operaciebi da Sesabamisi aRniSvnebi.
teqsturi amocanebis amoxsna wrfivi gantolebebis gamoyenebiT.
ara umetes ori cvladis Semcveli wrfivi an meore xarisxis gamosaxulebebis
gamartiveba da mniSvnelobis gamoTvla.
perioduli mimdevrobebi da mudmivi nazrdis mqone ricxviTi mimdevrobebi.
mimarTuleba: geometria da sivrcis aRqma

VII.9. amoicnobs geometriul figurebs, adarebs maT saxeobebs da axdens
klasificirebas.
1. ayalibebs mimarTebebs (mag., zogadoba-kerZooba) figuris saxeobebs Soris.
2. asaxelebs figuras misi niSan-Tvisebebis mixedviT, msjelobs figuris amosacnobad
maTi sakmarisobis/arasakmarisobis Sesaxeb.
3. arqiteqturisa da xelovnebis nimuSebSi an maT ilustraciebSi, yofiTi daniSnulebis
sagnebSi asaxelebs misTvis nacnob geometriul figurebs an maT nawilebs.
VII.10. warmoadgens geometriul obieqtebs amocanis konteqstis Sesabamisad.

1. agebs dasmuli amocanis Sesabamis naxazs da adekvaturad iyenebs asoiT aRniSvnebs.
2. aRwers geometriul obieqtTa mocemul grafikul gamosaxulebebs an obieqtTa
urTierTmdebareobas Sesabamisi terminologiis gamoyenebiT (mag., marTkuTxa
paralelepipedis romel waxnagebs ekuTvnis miTiTebuli wvero).
3. gamosaxavs brtyel figurebs ise, rom maTi TanakveTa/gaerTianeba iyos miTiTebuli
formis an Tvisebebis mqone figura.
VII.11. axdens geometriul gardaqmnebs da iyenebs maT figuraTa Tvisebebis

dasadgenad.
1. garemomcvel obieqtebs Soris moiZiebs simetriul obieqtebs.
2. xazavs brtyeli figuris (texili, mravalkuTxedi) simetriul figuras miTiTebuli
simetriis RerZis mimarT da axdens brtyeli figuris (texili, mravalkuTxedi)
paralelur gadatanas.
3. uTiTebs brtyeli figuris simetriis RerZs/RerZebs; axdens simetriulobis
demonstrirebas.
VII.12. iyenebs koordinatebis meTods orientaciisaTvis.

1.
orientirebs rukaze an sakoordinato sibrtyeze koordinatebis gamoyenebiT (mag.
asaxelebs mocemuli wertilis koordinatebis miaxloebiT an zust mniSvnelobas;

poulobs wertils mocemuli mTelricxovani koordinatebis mixedviT).
2.
asaxelebs mocemuli wertilis RerZulad simetriuli wertilis koordinatebs.
3.
poulobs paraleluri gadataniT miRebuli figuris nebismieri wertilis

koordinatebs misi winasaxis koordinatebisa
da miTiTebuli paraleluri
gadatanis meSveobiT.
13
VII.13. xsnis geometriul amocanebs samkuTxedebTan dakavSirebuli cnebebisa da

faqtebis gamoyenebiT.
1.
iyenebs samkuTxedebis tolobis niSnebs figuraTa Tvisebebis

dasadgenad,
figuraTa ucnobi elementebis mosaZebnad an realur viTarebaSi manZilis
arapirdapiri gziT dasadgenad.
2.
xsnis agebis martiv amocanebs.
3.
poulobs mizezSedegobriv kavSirebs

dakavSirebul debulebebs Soris.
samkuTxedTan
da
mis
elementebTan
Sinaarsi
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
wertilebi, wrfeebi da sibrtyeebi: mimarTebebi maT Soris.

geometriuli figurebi: klasifikacia sxvadasxva niSniT (mag., amozneqili da
araamozneqili, brtyeli da sivrculi).
kuTxeebi: elementebi, zoma, klasifikacia, Tvisebebi.
samkuTxedebi: elementebi, klasifikacia, Tvisebebi, tolobis niSnebi.
geometriuli gardaqmnebi sibrtyeze: paraleluri gadatana, RerZuli simetria,
samkuTxedebi (elementebi, klasifikacia, Tvisebebi, tolobis niSnebi).
koordinatTa sistema; orientireba sibrtyeze, gardaqmnebis gamosaxva.
agebis umartivesi amocanebi: mocemuli samkuTxedis toli samkuTxedis, kuTxis
biseqtrisis, monakveTis SuamarTobis ageba.
mimarTuleba: monacemTa analizi, albaToba da statistika

VII.14. moipovebs dasmuli

raodenobriv monacemebs.
amocanis
amosaxsnelad
saWiro
Tvisebriv
da
ganasxvavebs Tvisebriv da raodenobriv monacemebs, iyenebs monacemTa Segrovebis

Sesaferis saSualebas (gazomva, dakvirveba).
mocemul TemasTan dakavSirebiT svams kiTxvebs, gansazRvravs respondentebs da
moipovebs saWiro monacemebs.
mocemuli amocanisTvis damoukideblad
eqsperiments da agrovebs monacemebs.
gegmavs
da
atarebs
statistikur
VII.15. awesrigebs da warmoadgens Tvisebriv da raodenobriv monacemebs

dasmuli amocanis amosaxsnelad xelsayreli formiT.
1.
axdens
Tvisebriv
da
raodenobriv
monacemTa
warmoadgens
monacemebs
siis/piqtogramis
dalagebis/klasifikaciis principze.
dalagebas/klasifikacias,
saxiT,
msjelobs
2.
qmnis mowesrigebul monacemTa cxrilebs da asabuTebs SerCeuli dizainis

mizanSewonilobas.
3.
agebs sxvadasxva diagramebs erTi da imave Tvisebrivi an raodenobrivi

monacemebisTvis da msjelobs, monacemTa ramdenad mniSvnelovan aspeqtebs
warmoaCens TiToeuli da ra upiratesoba aqvs TiToeuls.
VII.16. akeTebs Tvisebriv da raodenobriv monacemTa interpretacias da analizs

amocanis konteqstis gaTvaliswinebiT.
1.
svams kiTxvebs monacemebis Sesaxeb an/da axasiaTebs monacemebs, romlebic

14
warmodgenilia siis, cxrilis, piqtogramis an diagramis saxiT, msjelobs arsebul

kanonzomierebebsa da gamorCeul monacemebze.
2.
irCevs Sesaferis Semajamebel ricxviT maxasiaTeblebs, asabuTebs Tavis arCevans,

iTvlis da iyenebs maT monacemTa jgufis dasaxasiaTeblad.
3.
adarebs monacemTa ramdenime jgufs da warmoaCens Tvisebriv da raodenobriv

msgavsebasa da gansxvavebas maT Soris (Semajamebeli ricxviTi maxasiaTeblebis
gareSe).
Sinaarsi
monacemTa Segrovebis saSualebani:

gazomva da dakvirveba;
gamokiTxva;
statistikuri eqsperimenti.
Tvisebrivi da diskretuli raodenobrivi monacemebis organizacia:
monacemebis klasifikacia (garda intervalebad dajgufebisa);
monacemTa dalageba zrdadoba-klebadobiT an leqsikografiuli meTodiT.
monacemTa mowesrigebuli erTobliobebis raodenobrivi da Tvisebrivi niSnebi:
monacemTa raodenoba, pozicia da Tanmimdevroba erTobliobaSi, monacemTa
sixSire;
ganmeorebis tipis kanonzomierebani;
gamorCeuli (mag., eqstremaluri, iSviaTi) monacemebi.
monacemTa warmodgenis saSualebani raodenobrivi (diskretuli) da Tvisebrivi
monacemebisTvis:
sia, cxrili, piqtograma, wertilovani, meseruli, xazovani, svetovani diagramebi.
monacemTa Semajamebeli ricxviTi maxasiaTeblebi Tvisebrivi da diskretuli
raodenobrivi monacemebisTvis:
maswavleblis wigni
maswavleblis winamdebare wigni warmoadgens ZiriTad meTodur saSualebas
saxelmZRvanelosTan samuSaod. wignSi moyvanilia saxelmZRvanelosTan dakavSirebuli
meToduri xasiaTis masala. masSi saxelmZRvanelos TiToeuli paragrafisTvis
mokledaa aRwerili Sesabamisi gakveTilis mizani, moyvanilia paragrafTan
dakavSirebuli meToduri miTiTebebi, Sinaarsobrivi da meToduri TvalsazrisiT
garCeulia paragrafSi moyvanili savarjiSoebi. paragrafebis nawilisTvis mocemulia
sagakveTilo scenari an gegma. maswavleblis dasaxmareblad wignSi mocemulia saswavlo SinaarsTan dakavSirebuli zepiri savarjiSoebi da damatebiTi amocanebi.
agreTve, sakontrolo weris nimuSebi da Sefasebis sqema.
gakveTilis elementebTan dakavSirebuli saswavlo aqtivobebi

gakveTilis mniSvnelovani elementi
verbaluri informacia
15
saswavlo aqtivoba
informaciis gadacema
swavlebis vizualizacia
savarjiSoebi
diskusia:
a)maswavlebelsa da moswavleebs Soris
b) moswavleebs Soris
msjeloba, komunikacia
istoriebis moyola
suraTebi
modelebi
TvalsaCino masalebi
eqsperimentebi
demonstraciebi
TamaSebi
kiTxva-pasuxi
wyvilebSi muSaoba
jgufebSi muSaoba
proeqtebi
saklaso an jgufuri diskusiebi
amocanebi
problemebis gadaWris savarjiSoebi
savaraudo Tematuri gegma

(kviraSi 4 saaTi, sul 140 saaTi)
I Tavi
arauaryofiTi ricxvebi
paragrafis
#
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
(20 sT)
Temis dasaxeleba
martivi da Sedgenili ricxvebi
martivi da Sedgenili ricxvebi
wiladi da Sereuli ricxvebi
wiladebis Sekreba-gamokleba
wiladebis gamravleba-gayofa
aTwiladebis Sekreba-gamokleba
aTwiladebis gamravleba-gayofa
ricxviTi gamosaxulebis mniSvnelobis
gamoTvla
kalkulatori
I Tavis mimoxilva
testi
sakontrolo wera # 1
jgufuri mecadineoba
saTadarigo dro
16
gankuTvnili
saaTebis
raodenoba
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
kavSiri sax.
standartTan
VII.1.4; 2.2
VII.1.4; 2.2
VII. 1.3; 1.4; 2.1
VII. 1.1; 1.3; 2.2
VII. 2.2; 3.3
VII. 1.1; 1.3; 2.2
VII. 1.1; 1.3; 2.2
VII. 1.1; 1.3; 2.2; 2.6; 3.2
VII. 2.6; 3.1; 3.2; 3.4
II Tavi
geometriis sawyisi cnebebi
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
(15 sT)
ras Seiswavlis geometria

wrfe
VII. 9; 10
sxivi da monakveTi
monakveTis sigrZe
kuTxe
mosazRvre da vertikaluri kuTxeebi
marTobi
mravalkuTxedi
samkuTxedi
geometriuli amocanebi
II Tavis mimoxilva
sakontrolo wera # 2
jgufuri mecadineoba
saTadarigo dro
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
VII. 9; 10
VII. 9; 10
VII. 9; 10
VII. 9; 10
VII. 9; 10
VII. 9; 10
VII. 9; 10
VII. 9; 10
III Tavi
monacemebi da maTi warmodgenis xerxebi (29 sT)
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
monacemebi. monacemTa saxeebi

rogor movipovoT monacemebi
cxrili
svetovani diagrama
nawili
ricxvis procentuli Cawera
rogor vipovoT ricxvi misi procentis mixedviT?
ori sididis fardobis procentuli Cawera
sakontrolo wera #3
proporcia
proporciuli damokidebuleba sidideTa Soris
sididis dayofa proporciul nawilebad
wriuli diagrama
ricxvis damrgvaleba
praqtikuli gamoTvlebi
III Tavis mimoxilva
testi
sakontrolo wera #4
jgufuri samuSao
saTadarigo dro
IV Tavi
uaryofiTi ricxvebi
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
VII. 14; 15.1

VII. 15.1-2; 16. 1-2-3
VII. 15.1-2; 16. 1-2-3
VII. 15.1-2; 16. 1-2-3
VII. 2.3;
VII. 2.5
VII. 2.5
VII. 2.3; 2.5
VII. 5.1
VII. 5.1; 2.5
VII.2.3; 2.5
VII.15.3; 16.1-2
VII. 3.3
VII. 3.1-2; 4.1-2-3
(25 sT)
dadebiTi da uaryofiTi ricxvebi

ricxviTi wrfe
mopirdapire ricxvebi. ricxvebis Sedareba
ricxvis moduli
ricxvebis Sekreba
ricxvebis gamokleba
ricxvebis gamravleba-gayofa
sakontrolo wera # 5
koordinatTa sistema
wertilis ageba misi koordinatebiT
17
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
VII. 1-2; 6
VII. 1-2; 6
VII. 1-2; 6
VII. 1-2; 6
VII. 1-2; 6
VII. 1-2; 6
VII. 1-2; 6
VII. 12.1
VII. 12.1
4.10
4.11
4.12
simravle
simravleTa gaerTianeba da TanakveTa
xarisxi
IV Tavis mimoxilva
testi
sakontrolo wera #6
jgufuri mecadineoba
saTadarigo dro
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
VII. 6.1-2
VII. 6.2-3
VII. 2.4
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
VII. 8
VII. 8.4
VII.5
VII. 5.1-2-3
VII. 5.1-2-3
VII. 7
VII. 7
VII. 7
VII. 7
VII. 7
VII. 7
VII. 7
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
3
VII. 7.9-10-11-12.2
VII. 7.9-10-11
VII. 9-10-13
VII. 9-10-13
VII. 9-10-13
V Tavi
cvladiani gamosaxuleba (23 sT)
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
mimdevroba
ariTmetikuli progresia
cvladi sidideebi
grafiki
pirdapirproporciuloba
cvladiani gamosaxuleba
toli gamosaxulebebi
gamosaxulebis gardaqmna
sakontrolo wera # 7
gantoleba
wrfivi gantolebis amoxsna
amocanis amoxsnis algebruli meTodi
V Tavis mimoxilva
testi
sakontrolo wera #8
jgufuri mecadineoba
saTadarigo dro
VI Tavi
samkuTxedi
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
6.11
(24 sT)
RerZuli simetria
simetriuli figurebi
samkuTxedebis klasifikacia
tolferda samkuTxedi
samkuTxedis kuTxeebis jami
sakontrolo wera #9
agebis amocanebi
samkuTxedebis ageba
samkuTxedebis toloba
geometriuli amocanebis amoxsna
meTodiT
praqtikuli amocanebi
paraleluri gadatana
VI Tavis mimoxilva
testi
sakontrolo wera #10
algebruli
gameoreba ------ ------------------------------------------------- 4 sT
18
2
2
1
1
1
1
VII. 13.2
VII. 13.2
VII.13
VII. 9-10-13
VII. 9-10-13
VII. 12.1-3
meToduri rekomendaciebi
I Tavi
arauaryofiTi ricxvebi
Tavis ZiriTadi mizani: ganumtkicos moswavleebs ricxvebze miRebuli codna da
ganuviTaros maTze moqmedebebis unari.
codna da unarebi: moswavlem unda aRidginos da gaiRrmaos wina klasebSi SeZenili
codna, SeZlos sxvadasxva saxiT Cawerili ricxvebiT Sedgenili gamosaxulebis
mniSvnelobis gamoTvla, amocanebis amoxsna ariTmetikuli moqmedebebis gamoyenebiT.
meToduri komentarebi: TavSi mTavari yuradReba eTmoba ricxvis cnebis swor
gaazrebas. imisaTvis, rom yovel moswavles ukeTesad Camouyalibdes gamoTvlebis
unari, Seicvala midgoma wiladebisa da aTwiladebis swavlebisadmi. aqcenti gakeTda
gamoTvlis kulturis ganviTarebaze. gamaxvilda yuradReba teqstur da praqtikuli
xasiaTis amocanebze. aseT amocanebze muSaoba ayalibebs moswavleSi msjelobis,
amoxsnis gzis amorCevis, situaciis gaanalizebis, sakuTari azris dasabuTebisa da
dacvis unarebs.
mniSvnelovani yuradReba eTmoba zepiri gamoTvlebis unaris ganviTarebas,
kalkulatoris gamoyenebas, rogorc gamoTvlebis, ise sxvadasxva eqsperimentebis
Casatareblad.
1.1 martivi da Sedgenili ricxvebi

mizani: vaswavloT moswavleebs gamyofebisa da jeradebis povna, ricxvis daSla martiv
mamravlebad da am sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli amocanebis amoxsna.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes ricxvis
gamyofisa da jeradis, martivi da Sedgenili ricxvebis ganmarteba Sesabamisi
magaliTebis moyvaniT, ricxvTa gayofadobis zogierTi niSani (2-ze, 3-ze, 5-ze, 9-ze, 10ze). SeeZlos ricxvis daSla martiv mamravlebad, mocemuli ricxvis gamyofebisa da
jeradebis povna, gayofadobis niSnebis gamoyeneba, luwi da kenti ricxvebis amocnoba.
meToduri komentarebi: maswavlebelma yuradReba unda gaamaxvilos Semdeg sakiTxebze:
a) mocemul ricxvs aqvs gamyofTa sasruli da jeradTa usasrulo raodenoba;
b) erTze met yovel naturalur ricxvs aqvs ori gamyofi mainc: TviT es ricxvi da
1;
g) imis dasasabuTeblad, rom romelime ricxvi Sedgenilia, sakmarisia vipovoT
1-isagan da TviT am ricxvisagan gansxvavebuli gamyofi.
gamyofisa da jeradis praqtikul amocanebSi gamoyenebis erT-erTi magaliTia
kalendarTan dakavSirebuli amocanebi, romlebic am paragrafSia warmodgenili. am
Temaze muSaobisas saWiroa yuradReba gamaxvildes im faqtze, rom kviris dReebis
dasaxeleba ar icvleba TariRisadmi 7-is jeradis damatebiT. moswavlem unda icodes
weliwadis TveebSi dReebis raodenoba da nakiani wlebis amocnoba.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi:
#10 a) ricxvi, romelic aris erTdroulad 3-isa da 8-is jeradi, agreTve 3 8=24-is
jeradia. e. i. saZiebeli ricxvebi 24-is jeradi orniSna ricxvebia. aseTi ricxvebia:
1 24=24; 2 24=48; 3 24=72; 4 24=96. pasuxi: 24, 48, 72, 96.
#11. mcdaria b) gamonaTqvami (daskvna dasabuTdeba TiToeuli gamonaTqvamis
gaanalizebis Semdeg). #12. pasuxi: samSabaTi.
#13. Tu romeliRac Tvis 3 ricxvi SabaTia, maSin momdevno kviris samSabaTi iqneba 6
ricxvi, danarCeni samSabaTebi ki 13, 20, 27. pasuxi: imave Tvis bolo samSabaTi iqneba 27
ricxvi.
#18. pasuxi: b). miTiTeba: sasurvelia, rom savarjiSos amoxsnis dawyebamde klasSi
magaliTebze naCveneb iqnes Semdegi faqtebi:
nebismieri raodenobis luwi Sesakrebebis jami luwi ricxvia;

ori kenti ricxvis jami luwi ricxvia;
luwi raodenobis kenti ricxvebis jami luwi ricxvia;
19
kenti raodenobis kenti ricxvebis jami kenti ricxvia.

#21.
amocanis garCevisas, sasurvelia, TiToeulma moswavlem moiyvanos aseTi
ricxvebis magaliTebi. am magaliTebis ganxilvis Sedegad SeecadeT, moswavleebi
miiyvanoT daskvnamde: TiToeuli aseTi ricxvi martivi ricxvis kvadratia.
#22. radgan TiToeul darbazSi myof mayurebelTa raodenoba 15-is jeradia, amitom
SesaZlebelia cxrilSi moyvanili Semdegi SemTxvevebi:
I darbazi II darbazi
#23 amocanis pirobiT nika Wadrakis wreze mxolod
1 15
6 15
orSabaTobiT dadis. maSasadame, 3 maisi orSabaTi
5 15
yofila. maisis Tvis Semdegi orSabaTebi iqneba 10, 17, 2 15
3 15
4 15
24, 31 ricxvebSi.
laSa wreze iyo 3 maiss. igi wreze dRegamoSvebiT 4 15
3 15
dadis. es niSnavs, rom laSa maisis kent ricxvebSi ivlis
5 15
2 15
Wadrakze, anu 3, 5, 9, . . . , 29, 31-Si. biWebi Wadrakis
6 15
1 15
wreze erTad mivlen 17 da 31 maiss.
#24. amocanis amosaxsnelad unda gaviTvaliswinoT nakiani wlebis ganawilebis wesi,
romelic am paragrafSia moyvanili: 1991-dan 2222-mde 4-is jeradi 58 ricxvia. aqedan
2100 da 2200 wlebi ar aris nakiani, amitom nakiani wlebis raodenobaa 56.
1.2 udidesi saerTo gamyofi da umciresi saerTo jeradi
mizani: ramdenime ricxvis udidesi saerTo gamyofisa da umciresi saerTo jeradis
povnis wesisa da urTierTmartivi ricxvebis cnebis Seswavla. amocanebis amoxsna
ricxvebis udidesi saerTo gamyofisa da umciresi saerTo jeradis gamoyenebiT.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes
urTierTmartivi ricxvebis ganmarteba; SeeZlos ramdenime ricxvis udidesi saerTo
gamyofisa da umciresi saerTo jeradis gamoTvla, amocanebis amoxsna ricxvebis
saerTo jeradebisa da gamyofebis gamoyenebiT.
meToduri komentarebi: masala ori gakveTilisTvisaa navaraudevi. maswavlebels
SeuZlia pirvel gakveTilze imuSaos ramdenime ricxvis udides saerTo gamyofze, xolo
meore gakveTilze umcires saerTo jeradze da am cnebebTan dakavSirebul
amocanebze.
moswavleebma unda SeZlon udidesi saerTo gamyofisa da umciresi saerTo jeradis
povna rogorc SerCevis, ise martiv mamravlebad daSlis xerxiT.
#4. 50-is jeradi ricxvis erTeulebis TanrigSi iqneba cifri 0, aTeulebis TanrigSi ki
5 an 0. pasuxi: 100.
#5. b), g) da d) savarjiSoebSi moTxovnilia, rom miRebuli ricxvebi iyofodes Sesabamisad 5-ze, 10-ze da 2-ze. samive SemTxvevaSi pasuxis SerCeva moxdeba bolo cifris mixedviT. #6. unda gairkves, aris Tu ara 9-is jeradi a) 126, b) 113. #12. pasuxi: 4 .
#14. pasuxi: 99. #15. jamis 2 3 5 13 + 16 pirveli Sesakrebi 15-is jeradia. maSasadame,
naSTi iqneba is ricxvi, rac iqneba 16-is 15-ze gayofisas, anu 1. #16. pasuxi:12.
#17. eqskursiis monawileTa raodenoba jeradia rogorc 15-is, ise 9-isa. unda vipovoT
usj(15, 9). usj(15, 9) = 45. pasuxi: damsvenebelTa umciresi raodenobaa 45.
#18. usj(40; 50)=200. 200wT=3sT 20wT. pasuxi: 3 saaTisa da 20 wuTis Semdeg.
#19. gamravldeba am naturalur ricxvze. #20. WeSmaritia.
#21. sami 14-adgiliani da ori 15-adgiliani. 14 3 + 15 2 = 42 + 30 = 72 .
#22. 2 3 17 19 8 = 2 3 17 19 17 + 9 . pasuxi:9.
#23. jer gamoviTvaloT, ramdeni 7sm-iani da ramdeni 12sm-iani naWrebi miiRes gadaWris
Sedegad. aseTi SesaZlebloba mxolod erTia: eqvsi 12-metriani da 4 Svidmetriani
naWeri, sul 10. aT nawilad gadaWras dasWirdeba 9 gadaxerxva, TiToeulze ixarjeba 3
wuTi, sul dasWirdeba 27 wuTi.
zepiri savarjiSoebi
1.
2.
3.
ris tolia urTierTmartivi ricxvebis udidesi saerTo gamyofi?

rogor ricxvs ewodeba Sedgenili ricxvi?
martivia Tu Sedgenili ricxvi 12; 54; 23; 33; 41; 27?
20
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
martivia Tu Sedgenili ricxvi 1?

ricxvebidan: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 romelia 35-is gamyofi?
ricxvebidan: 102, 36, 891, 256, 148, 801 romelia 9-is jeradi ricxvi?
gamoiyene sityvebi: `gamyofi~, ìyofa~ da Camoayalibe daskvna mocemuli tolobidan: a) 324 = 36 9;
b) 120= 12 10.
zrdis mixedviT CamoTvale gamyofebi ricxvisa: a) 20; b) 36.
ramdeni gamyofi aqvs a) 4-s? b) 8-s? g) 13-s?
CamoTvale 15-is jeradi sami ricxvi.
ipove sami ricxvi, romelic jeradia erTdroulad a) 3-is da 2-isa; b) 4-is da 6-isa.
aris Tu ara ricxvi 51 martivi?
ra naSTi miiReba 80-is 9-ze gayofiT?
damatebiTi masala
sasurvelia, maswavlebelma dainteresebuli moswavleebis yuradReba gaamaxvilos
ramdenime ricxvis udidesi saerTo gamyofisa da umciresi saerTo jeradis Semdeg
Tvisebebze:
Tu erTi ricxvi iyofa meore ricxvze, maSin meore ricxvi maTi udidesi saerTo
gamyofia. magaliTad, usg( 60, 3060)=60;
mocemuli ricxvebis ganayofebi maT udides saerTo gamyofze urTierTmartivi

ricxvebia. magaliTad, usg(540, 1512)=108; 540:108=5; 1512:108=14. ricxvebi 5 da 14
urTierTmartivi ricxvebia, radgan usg(5, 14)=1;
ramdenime ricxvis saerTo gamyofi aris gamyofi maTi udidesi saerTo gamyofisa da
piriqiT, mocemuli ricxvebis udidesi saerTo gamyofis yoveli gamyofi warmoadgens
TiToeuli mocemuli ricxvis gamyofs;
Tu mocemul ricxvebs erTsa da imave ricxvze gavamravlebT, maSin am ricxvze

gamravldeba maTi umciresi saerTo jeradi da udidesi saerTo gamyofic;
mocemuli ori ricxvis usg-s da usj-s namravli am ricxvebis namravlis tolia;

usj-s ganayofebi mocemul ricxvebze urTierTmartivi ricxvebia;
Tu mocemuli ricxvebi urTierTmartivia, maSin maTi umciresi saerTo jeradi am

ricxvebis namravlia.
SesaZlebelia am masalis kidev ufro gamdidreba rogorc Teoriulad, ise
sayofacxovrebo amocanebis moZiebiT. am sakiTxis damuSaveba SeiZleba individualur,
jgufur Tu sxva saxis mecadineobebze.
#1. rveuli 15 TeTri Rirs. Teklas aTi cali ocTeTriani moneta aqvs. gamyidvels ki
xurda ara aqvs. ramdeni rveulis yidva SeiZleba xurdis gareSe? rveulebis ra umciresi
da ra udidesi raodenoba SeiZleba SeiZinos Teklam xurdis gareSe?
amoxsna:
Teklas aqvs 20 10=200 TeTri
vipovoT usj(15, 20).=60
vipovoT sj(15, 20)=60; 120; 180.
SesaZlebelia am TanxiT unaSTod iyidos 60:15=4; 120:15=8; 180:15=12 rveuli. maT
Soris umciresi raodenobaa 4, udidesi ki 12.
#2. ipove ricxvTa wyvili, romelTa udidesi saerTo gamyofi tolia 12-is, xolo
umciresi saerTo jeradi 720-is. amocanas erTze meti amonaxsni aqvs. ipove yvela
maTgani.
miTiTeba: amocanis amosaxsnelad unda gamoviyenoT udidesi saerTo gamyofisa da
umciresi saerTo jeradis is Tviseba, romlis mixedviTac maTi namravli mocemuli
ricxvebis namravlis tolia.
#3. erT klasSi 24 moswavlea, meoreSi 30. orive klasis moswavleebi unda moewyvnen erT
kolonad (erTi klasi meoris gverdiT) ise, rom yovel rigSi moswavleTa raodenoba
rogorc erTi, ise meore klasidan Tanabari iyos. aseTi mowyobis ramdeni SesaZlo
SemTxveva arsebobs?
21
amoxsna: amocanis amosaxsnelad unda vipovoT 24-isa da 30-is saerTo gamyofebi. esenia:
1, 2, 3, 6. cal-calke ganvixiloT 2, 3 da 6 rigad mowyobis variantebi. SemoviRoT
aRniSvna: ocdaoTxmoswavliani klasi aRvniSnoT I kl `-, xolo ocdaaTmoswavliani
klasi IIkl `+~ niSnebiT.
1. Tu moswavleebi or rigad moewyobian, maSin TiTo rigSi I klasidan moewyoba 12,
xolo II klasidan 15 moswavle.
moswavleTa ganawilebis es varianti SegviZlia sqematurad ase warmovidginoT:
+++++++++++++++
+++++++++++++++
2. Tu moswavleebi sam rigad moewyobian, maSin TiTo rigSi I klasidan moewyoba 8,
moswavleTa ganawilebis es varianti SegviZlia sqematurad ase warmovidginoT:
++++++++++
++++++++++
++++++++++
Tu moswavleebi eqvs rigad moewyobian, maSin TiTo rigSi I klasidan moewyoba 4,
ganawilebis es varianti SegviZlia sqematurad ase warmovidginoT:
3.
+++++
+++++
+++++
+++++
+++++
+++++
#4. mgzavrebi, romelTa Soris 145 qali da 87 mamakacia, ise unda ganawildnen mikroavtobusebSi, rom yovel avtobusSi qalebisa da kacebis raodenoba erTnairi iyos.
a) avtobusebis ra umciresi raodenobaa saWiro?
b) ramdeni kaci iqneba TiToeul avtobusSi?
g) ramdeni qali iqneba TiToeul avtobusSi?
amoxsna: usg(145, 87)=29.
pasuxi: saWiro avtobusebis umciresi raodenobaa 29, TiToeul avtobusSi iqneba 3
mamakaci da 5 qali.
#5. patara yuTSi 24 Wiqa eteva, didSi ki 30. a) gansazRvreT Wiqebis is umciresi
raodenoba, romelic SeiZleba ganTavsdes rogorc did, ise patara yuTebSi ise, rom
yuTebi mTlianad gaivsos; b) ramdeni patara yuTi iqneba saWiro Wiqebis am
raodenobisaTvis? g) ramdeni didi yuTi iqneba saWiro?
amoxsna: a) imisaTvis, rom ganvsazRroT Wiqebis umciresi raodenoba, romelic SeiZleba
ganTavsdes rogorc did, ise patara yuTebSi, unda gamoviTvaloT usj(24, 30), romelic
120-is tolia;
b) saWiro iqneba 120:24=5 patara yuTi;
g) saWiro iqneba 120:30=4 didi yuTi.
1.3 wiladi da Sereuli ricxvebi

mizani: gavaxsenoT moswavleebs wesieri da arawesieri wiladebi da Sereuli ricxvebi,
maTi wakiTxva da Cawera, wiladis ZiriTadi Tviseba.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes wiladisa da
Sereuli ricxvis Cawera da wakiTxva. unda SeeZlos wiladis dakavSireba gayofis
procesTan, xolo Sereuli ricxvisa naSTian gayofasTan da demonstrireba
TvalsaCinoebiT; wesieri da arawesieri wiladebis garCeva; ganayofis warmodgena
wiladis saxiT; arawesieri wiladis Cawera Sereuli ricxvis saxiT; wiladebis Sedareba;
wiladis ZiriTadi Tvisebis gamoyeneba.
meToduri komentarebi: wiladis da misi Tvisebebis (kerZod, wiladis ZiriTadi
Tvisebis, wiladis sxvadasxva formiT Caweris, wiladebis Sedarebis) demonstrireba
maswavlebelma sasurvelia TvalsaCinoebebze dayrdnobiT moaxdinos.
22

#12. wiladis mricxvelis 15-ze gamravleba gamoiwvevs wiladis sididis 15-jer gazrdas
(gasayofi gaizarda 15-jer, gamyofis Seucvlelad).
a) Tu 15-jer gazrdili wiladis mniSvnels 3-ze gavamravlebT, miviRebT mocemul
wiladze 5-jer did wilads.
b) imisaTvis, rom miviRoT mocemul wiladze 3-jer patara ricxvi, 15-jer gazrdili
wiladis mniSvneli unda gamravldes 15-ze 3-jer did ricxvze, anu 45-ze.
#13. moswavleebma unda Seadaron wiladebi sxvadasxva xerxiT, kerZod, erTnair
mniSvnelze an mricxvelze dayvaniT an gayofis SesrulebiT.
#24. miTiTeba: unda moxdes wiladebis
#25. amoxsna: unda moxdes wiladebis
15
20
81
100
da
7
10
29
50
Sedareba.
20
25
Sedareba.
pasuxi: giorgim ukeTesad icis qarTuli ena.

#29. 13-ze naSTiani gayofisas SesaZlo naSTebs Soris udidesia 12. saZiebeli ricxvia
142.
#31. miTiTeba: amocanis amoxsnisas gaiTvaliswineT, rom saZiebelze erTiT meti ricxvi
4-is, 5-is da 6-is, e. i. 60-is jeradia. pasuxi: 959.
18 = 2 3 3 , 630 = 2 3 3 5 7 , amitom saZiebeli ricxvebia:
#32. miTiTeba:
2 3 3 5 = 90 , 2 3 3 7 = 126 .
zepiri savarjiSoebi
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
daasaxele ricxvi, romelic aRniSnavs naxevris naxevars.

daasaxele ricxvi, romelic aRniSnavs naxevarze orjer mets.
ramdeni santimetria naxevari metri?
ramdeni metria naxevari kilometri?
ramdeni kilogramia erTi meoTxedi tona?
ramdeni wuTia naxevari saaTi?
ramdeni wuTia meoTxedi saaTi?
47
b) 1 4 Tu
?
8. romelia meti: a) 3 Tu 3 ?
123
5
7
123
9. romelia naklebi: 1 3 Tu 4 1 5 ?
4
789
10. Seadare ricxvebi: 74 da 2 6 .

58
7
damatebiTi savarjiSoebi
1. daasaxele mricxveli wiladisa: a) 1 2 ; b)
2. daasaxele mniSvneli wiladisa: a)
20
3 ;
4
b)
3
5
74
58
.
.
3. erTnaxevari Cawere sami sxvadasxva saxiT.

12 6
9 12
3
4. wiladebidan:
,
,
,
amoiwere wiladebi, romelic tolia -is.
20 10 10 20
5
9 21 108 144
5. Sekvece wiladebi:
.
, ,
,
12 28 441 63
6. Sekvece wiladebi: 3 5 1 1 , 3 1 2 1 8 .
22 15
7 62 32
9
7. Seadare 1-s ricxvi: a) 5 ; b) 6 ; g) .
9
6
5
1
1
8. ricxvi
warmoadgine: a) sxva wiladis saxiT; b) Sereuli ricxvis saxiT;
4
9. warmoadgine wiladis saxiT: a) 1; b) 5; g) 0.
23
1.4 wiladebis Sekreba da gamokleba

mizani: vaswavloT moswavles wiladebisa da Sereuli ricxvebis Sekreba da gamokleba,
Sereuli ricxvis Cawera arawesieri wiladis saxiT.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes wiladebisa da
Sereuli ricxvebis Sekrebisa da gamoklebis wesebi, SeeZlos wiladebis Sekrebagamokleba da maTi gamoyeneba gamoTvlebis sawarmoeblad da amocanebis amosaxsnelad.
meToduri komentarebi: masala gaTvlilia or gakveTilze.
gTavazobT II gakveTilis scenars:
aqtivoba `wiladebis Sekreba da gamokleba~.
mizani:
moswavlis gawafva wiladebis Sekreba-gamoklebaSi;
daakavSiros ricxvebi realur cxovrebasTan.
resursebi: baraTebi davalebebiT.
aqtivobis aRwera:
maswavlebeli klass yofs jgufebad da TiToeul jgufs aZlevs winaswar gamzadebul
baraTs, romlebzec Camowerilia davalebebi:
1. sami an oTxi kiTxva;
2. savarjiSos nomeri saxelmZRvanelodan;
3. amocana-naxati (magaliTad, Tavis dasawyisSi mocemuli àba, scade~);
4. cxovrebiseuli amocana, romelic amoixsneba wiladebis Sekreba-gamoklebis
gamoyenebiT.
baraTebisaTvis SeiZleba Semdegi kiTxvebis gamoyeneba:
rogori wiladebis Sekreba da gamokleba SeiZleba gaerTmniSvnelianebis gareSe?
(erTnairmniSvnelianis).
rogori wiladebis Sekreba da gamokleba moiTxovs gaerTmniSvnelianebas?
(sxvadasxvamniSvnelianis).
ra gardaqmnebi unda movaxdinoT sxvadasxvamniSvneliani wiladebis Seskrebad an
gamosaklebad?
ras niSnavs wiladebis gaerTmniSvnelianeba?
ra icvleba da ra ar icvleba wiladebis gaerTmniSvnelianebis dros?
ras udris ramdenime wiladis saerTo mniSvneli, roca maTi mniSvnelebi
urTierTmartivi ricxvebia?
ras udris ramdenime wiladis umciresi saerTo mniSvneli, roca erT-erTi maTgani
danarCenebze unaSTod iyofa?
raSi mdgomareobs wiladis ZiriTadi Tviseba?
rogor SevkriboT Sereuli ricxvebi?
rogor unda gamovakloT mTel ricxvs wesieri wiladi?
rogor unda gamovakloT Sereul ricxvs Sereuli ricxvi?
rogor unda SevasruloT Sereuli ricxvebis gamokleba im SemTxvevaSi, roca
saklebis wiladi nawili naklebia maklebis wilad nawilze?
aRvweroT aqtivoba:
sakiTxi 1. kiTxvebze pasuxi moeTxovebaT zepirad. moswavleTa yvela pasuxi unda iyos
sruli, logikurad gamarTuli. yvela wess unda axldes magaliTebis demonstrireba.
erT kiTxvaze pasuxs iZleva erTi moswavle, meoreze meore da a. S. saWiroebis
SemTxvevaSi komentars an Sesworebas akeTebs sxva jgufis wevri (Tu ar iqneba sworad
Camoyalibebuli pasuxi an warmodgenili magaliTi arasworad iqneba SerCeuli). swori
pasuxi fasdeba 2 quliT.
sakixTi 2. SeiZleba saxelmZRvanelodan mieces #11(ganawildes a), b), g) sxvadasxva
bileTebSi), #7, #8 da #10 savarjiSoebi. swori pasuxi fasdeba 2 quliT.
sakiTxi 3. Tavfurcelze mocemulia amocana-naxati. SeiZleba misi msgavsis mofiqreba
rogorc Sekrebaze, ise gamoklebaze an orive moqmedebaze erTad. es amocanebi amosaxsnelad gadaecema sxva gundebs. SesaZlebelia ramdenimes warmodgena. gundis namuSevari fasdeba imdeni quliT, ramdeni sworad Sedgenili amocanac warmoadgina am
gundma.
sakiTxi 4. Seadginon amocana teqstis saxiT, Tan daurTon amoxsna. swori pasuxi
fasdeba 2 quliT.
24
gamarjvebulad CaiTvleba is gundi, romelsac meti qula daugrovdeba.

1
#10. pirvel bidonSi (20 10 3 )l = 9 l rZea, meoreSi 20l (6 + 9 ) l= 4 l, mesameSi

4
(20 13 )l = 6 l.
#13. wiladebi:
wiladi metia
1
3
5
15
Soris udidesia
da
2
3
unda daviyvanoT mniSvnel 15-mde.
-ze da naklebia
9
15
10
15
#15. pasuxi:
1
3
5
15
2
3
10
15
; saZiebeli
-ze. misi mniSvneli 15-is tolia. aseTi wiladebs
17
4
. #16. pasuxi: 4
3
9
#17. pasuxi: 2
1
.
20
#18. miTiTeba: TiToeuli Sesakrebi warmovadginoT ori wiladis sxvaobis saxiT,

magaliTad,
1
1 1 1
1 1
9
= . pasuxi:
= ,
.
23 2 3 67 6 7
10
1.5 wiladebis gamravleba da gayofa

mizani: wiladebis gamravlebisa da gayofis wesebis aTviseba.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes wiladebis
gamravlebisa da gayofis wesebi da SeeZlos maTi gamoyeneba wiladebis, Sereuli
ricxvebisa da naturaluri ricxvebis gamravleba-gayofisas.
meToduri komentarebi: vinaidan ricxvis nawili jer ar Semogvitania, am punqtSi
wiladze gamravleba ganixileba rogorc moqmedeba, romlis daxmarebiTac amoixsneba
iseTive Sinaarsis amocanebi, rogoric ixsneba naturalur ricxvze gamravlebiT
(gamravlebas, rogorc ricxvis wiladis sapovnel moqmedebas, mogvianebiT ganvixilavT).
yuradReba unda gamaxvildes imaze, rom umravles SemTxvevaSi ukeTesia jer Caiweros
mricxvelebis da mniSvnelebis namravlebi, Seikvecos, rac Sesakvecia da Sekvecis
Semdeg Sesruldes gamravleba. magaliTad,
16
27
45
28
16 45
27 28
45
37
20
21

1
#4. 1 3 =
63
5 1
18
=3
3
5
(lari) = 3lari 60TeTri.
pasuxi: sami kilogrami brinji Rirs 3 lari da 60 TeTri.

#12. Tbilisidan TelavSi Casasvlelad saWiroa
180
100
8 l=
180 8
100
l=
18 4
5
l=
72
5
#11. pasuxi: 96km/sT.
l= 14 l benzini.
5
#14. sasurvelia, amocana moswavleebma jgufurad amoxsnan, raTa meti saSualeba

hqondeT msjelobis, Tavisi azris gamoTqmisa da dacvisaTvis. maswavlebelma SeiZleba
saamisod gakveTilis bolos ramdenime wuTi gamoyos, klasi dayos jgufebad da misces
es amocana amosaxsnelad. pasuxs warmoadgens da daicavs jgufidan erTi moswavle.
pasuxis xarisxi ganisazRvreba imiT, Tu vin ufro swrafad da sworad amoxsna amocana,
vin ufro damajereblad asabuTebs Sesrulebul moqmedebebs.
amoxsna. amocanis pirobiT laSam unda iyidos 6l `civi Cai~. mas aqvs SesaZlebloba:
iyidos 4 didi boTliT 6l `civi Cai~, an 12 patara boTliT, amdenive `civi Cai~.
1
4 didi boTli `civi CaisaTvis~ saWiroa 4 1 lari, anu 4 lari, xolo 12 patara
boTlisaTvis 6 lari. fasebis Sedareba cxadyofs, rom laSas vurCioT, `civi Cai~ didi
4
boTlebiT iyidos. Cveni rCevis mixedviT laSa gaakeTebs 6lari4 lari= 1 laris
25
ekonomias.
#15. pasuxi: d) #17. miwis nakveTis erTi kvadratuli metris dasamuSaveb-
lad saWiroa
1
2
: 10 g=
1
20
g xsnari. gamoviTvaloT ramdeni kilogrami xsnari iqneba
saWiro mocemuli miwis nakveTisaTvis:

1
1
4
1000
2
5
1000
1
20
5 1000 2 1000 1
4 5 20
1000 100
4
= 1000 25 = 25000 g=25kg
pasuxi: dasWirdebaT 25 kilogrami xsnari.
1.6 aTwiladebis Sekreba da gamokleba

mizani: vaswavloT aTwiladebi, maTi Sekreba-gamokleba da Sedareba.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes aTwiladebis
wakiTxva da Cawera, SeeZlos aTwiladis Tanrigis dasaxeleba, aTwiladis warmodgena
Tanrigobrivi Sesakrebebis jamis saxiT, sxvadasxva saxiT Cawerili ricxvebis Sedareba,
aTwiladebis Sekreba da gamokleba.
meToduri komentarebi: aTwiladebis sworad Cawerisa da wakiTxvis dauflebaSi
maswavlebels karg daxmarebas gauwevs TamaSi, romelSic mTeli klasi monawileobs.
maswavlebels dafasTan gamohyavs 5-6 bavSvi, maTgan erTs aZlevs qaRaldze daweril
mZimes, xolo danarCenebs ricxvebs. TamaSis wesi aseTia: dafasTan gasul moswavleebs
ukaviaT ricxvebi. maT Soris dgeba mZimis niSani. moswavleebi xmamaRla kiTxuloben
miRebul ricxvs. Semdeg mZimis niSani icvlis adgils, miiReba axali ricxvi, axla am
ricxvs kiTxuloben. icvlis adgils romelime cifri, axla am ricxvs kiTxuloben da a.S.
Tu romelime moswavles uWirs iseTi wiladis Cawera aTwiladis saxiT, romlis
mniSvneli 10-is xarisxia, maSin SegviZlia mivmarToT Semdeg xerxs: wiladis mricxvels
marcxnidan imdeni nuli mivuweroT, rom cifrebis raodenoba mricxvelSi da nulebis
raodenoba mniSvnelSi Tanabari iyos. amis Semdeg davwerT mTel nawils, davsvamT mZimes
da marjvniv mivuwerT nulebian mricxvels. magaliTad, 5
7
1000
=5
007
1000
= 5, 007 .
aTwiladis saxiT Cawerili ricxvebis Sedarebisas moswavleebi xSirad uSveben

Secdomas. naturaluri ricxvebis Sedarebisas isini miCveulni arian, metad CaTvalon
is ricxvi, romlis CaweraSic meti cifria. magaliTad, radgan 452891>96857, amitom
Tvlian, rom 4,52891>9,6857. am Secdomas Tavidan avicilebT, Tu moswavleebs Sedarebas
davawyebinebT erTnairi mTelis mqone aTwiladebiT, Semdeg erTnairi meaTedebiT da a.S.
kargi iqneba am dros ricxviTi sxivis gamoyenebac.
gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces imas, rom sidideebis Sekreba da gamokleba
SeiZleba Sesruldes mxolod maSin, roca isini erTsa da imave erTeulebSi iqnebian
mocemuli.

#6. mwvervalebi simRleebis klebis mixedviT rom davalagoT, miviRebT aseT
mimdevrobas: ialbuzi: 5,642km, Sxara: 5,642km0,574km=5,068km, myinvarwveri: 5,068km
0,035km=5,033km.
#8. amocanis ganxilvamde maswavlebelma sasurvelia ganixilos wylis zedapirze
moZraobis sxvadasxva SemTxvevebi.
#9. am SemTxvevaSi umjobesia Cveulebrivi wiladebis aTwiladis saxiT Cawera da Semdeg
Sedareba. #11. pasuxi: 2kg;
#12. amocanis pirobiT erT gadaxerxvas 2,5 wuTi sWirdeba. ficris oTx nawilad
gayofas sami gadaxerxva sWirdeba, razec (2,5+2,5+2,5)wT, anu 7,5 wuTi daixarjeba.
pasuxi: ficris oTx nawilad gadaxerxvas 7,5 wuTi dasWirdeba.
#13. Tu naxevari sazamTro 5,4 kg-s iwonis, mTeli 10,8kg-s aiwonis.
#14. wiwilis wonaa (100-5):2gr=47,5gr, kvercxisa ki 52,5gr.
1.7. aTwiladebis gamravleba da gayofa

mizani: vaswavloT aTwiladebis gamravleba da gayofa.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes aTwiladis
aTwiladze da naturalur ricxvze gamravleba da gayofa, aTwiladis aTwiladze
26
gayofa, zepirad asrulebdes aTwiladis 10-ze, 100-ze da a. S., agreTve 0,1-ze, 0,01-ze da
a. S. gamravlebasa da gayofas. unda SeeZlos Cveulebrivi wiladis aTwiladad
gadaqceva.
meToduri komentarebi: teqstSi gamravlebis ori gansxvavebuli tipis magaliTia
ganxiluli: aTwiladis gamravleba naturalur ricxvze da aTwiladis gamravleba
aTwiladze. gayofis magaliTebic ori tipisaa: aTwiladis gayofa naturalur ricxvze
da aTwiladis gayofa aTwiladze. aqac warmatebiT SeiZleba iqnes gamoyenebuli wina
paragrafSi ganxiluli TamaSi: Tu mZimis niSani ori TanrigiT marjvniv gadava, maSin
ricxvi 100-jer gaizrdeba. aTwiladis 0.01-ze gamravlebisas mZimis niSani (moswavle,
romelsac mZime ukavia) ori TanrigiT (moswavliT) marcxniv gadava da a. S.

#15. turists Suagzamde gasavleli aqvs kidev 9,6km. mTeli gzis sigrZe iqneba
(3,2+9,6) 2km =12,8km 2 =25,6km. SeiZleba gzis sigrZe gamoiTvalos gamosaxulebiT:
4 3,2 2km=25,6km.
#16. amocanis ganxilvisas urCieT moswavleebs, amocanis pirobaSi mocemuli dro
wuTebSi gadaiyvanon.
#17. erTi rveuli Rirs: 1,8 : (74)=0,6 (lari)=60 TeTri.
#19. 4-jer naklebi gzis gavlas avtomobili moandomebs 4-jer nakleb dros, anu
3,2:4sT=0,8sT-s. 2-jer meti siCqariT 2-jer nakleb dros daxarjavs. #20. pasuxi:
3 (12,5 + 5 12,5) = 225 km. #21. saZiebel dros gamoviTvliT gamosaxulebiT:
4.5 : (6,34,5). pasuxi: daeweva 2,5 saaTSi.
1.8 ricxviTi gamosaxulebis mniSvnelobis gamoTvla

mizani: ganvumtkicoT moswavles moqmedebaTa Tanmimdevrobis wesebis codna. gamovumuSaoT mas moqmedebaTa Tvisebebis gamoyenebis unari ricxviTi gamosaxulebis
mniSvnelobis gamosaTvlelad.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes moqmedebaTa
Tanmimdevrobis wesebi da iyenebdes maT ricxviTi gamosaxulebis mniSvnelobis
gamosaTvlelad. unda SeeZlos gamoTvlis optimaluri gzis SerCeva da ariTmetikul
moqmedebaTa
Tvisebebis
gamoyeneba
ricxviTi
gamosaxulebis
mniSvnelobis
gamoTvlisas, amocanis Sesabamisi ricxviTi gamosaxulebis Sedgena da amocanis Sedgena
ricxviTi gamosaxulebis mixedviT.
meToduri komentarebi: es paragrafi or gakveTilzea gaTvaliswinebuli. umjobesia,
pirvel gakveTilze gavimeoroT moqmedebaTa Tanmimdevrobis wesebi da mivceT
saTanado magaliTebi. meore gakveTilze SevaxsenoT ariTmetikul moqmedebaTa
Tvisebebi da SevasrulebinoT saTanado savarjiSoebi. moswavleTa yuradReba unda
gamaxvildes imaze, rom moqmedebaTa Tvisebebis gamoyeneba xSirad amartivebs
gamoTvlebs. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces gamoTvlebis Sesrulebisas
swori gzis arCevisa da zepiri angariSis unarebis gamomuSavebas. amis samagaliTod
gTavazobT gakveTilis nimuSs.
23 31 3 5
3 7
+ + 48 : : ariTmetikuli gamosaxulebis mniSvne5 8
36 63 4 21
gamovTvaloT
loba oTxi xerxiT:

a) moqmedebaTa Cveulebrivi TanmimdevrobiT:
23 31 161 + 124 285 95

11
3 5 63 + 20 83
2)
+ =
=
;
+
=
=
=
=1 ;
36 63
252
252 84
84
4 21
84
84
11 83 95 83 12 1
1
48
3) 1
=
=
= ;
4) 48 = ;
84 84
84
84 7
7
7
3 7 3 8 24
48 24 48 35
5) : =
;
=
= 2 5 = 10 .
=
6)
:
5 8 5 7 35
7 35 7 24
1)
b) SevTavazoT moswavleebs gamoTvalon es gamosaxuleba 4 moqmedebiT, magaliTad:
27
23 31 3 5 23 31 3 5 161 + 124 189 60 36 1

+ =
=
= ,
+ + =
252
252 7
36 63 4 21 36 63 4 21
xolo Semdeg Seasrulon a) xerxiT gamoTvlaSi miTiTebuli 4), 5) da 6) punqtebi.
g) moswavleTa yuradReba mivaqcioT im faqts, rom 4), 5) da 6) punqtebSi aRwerili sami
moqmedebis nacvlad SegviZlia SevasruloT ori moqmedeba:
3 7 24
1
24
da
: =
48
= 2 5 = 10 ,
5 8 35
7
35
e. i gamosaxuleba gamovTvaloT 3 moqmedebiT.
d) SesTavazeT klass amoxsnis kidev ufro mokle gzis moZebna. magaliTad:
1)
23 31 3 5 161 + 124 189 60 36 1

+ =
=
=
36 63 4 21
252
252 7
1
7
2) 48
7 3 1 48 7 5
= 2 5 = 10 .
: =
8 5
7 8 3
erTi da igive gamosaxuleba 4 gansxvavebuli gziT gamovTvaleT, amasTan yoveli

momdevno gza ufro racionaluri iyo, vidre wina.

#3. ori rveuli eRireba 0, 6 2 lari, 3 fanqari 1, 4 3 lari, yvelaferi erTad ki
( 0, 6 2 + 1, 4 3 ) lari. pasuxi: ekam gadaixada 5,4 lari.
#4. marTkuTxedis farTobi misi sigrZisa da siganis namravlis tolia. namravli
gaizrdeba imdenjer, ramdenjerac gavzrdiT TiToeul Tanamamravls. amitom im
2
3
nakveTis farTobi, romlis sigrZe 2,5-jer metia, xolo sigane 1 -jer naklebia, iqneba
1200 2,5 :1 kv.m. = 1800kv.m.

3
3
5
3
5
#5. pasuxi: orive qvevrSi erTad aris 2 + 2 :1,3 t = 4, 6t Rvino.
#6.
a)
45, 678
8, 789
36,889
b)
2, 441
+ 8, 235
3,322
13,998
#7. mocemuli ricxviTi gamosaxulebebi 3, 4 da 5 amocanebSi miRebuli gamosaxulebebis

analogiuria.
1.9
kalkulatori
mizani: SevaswavloT moswavles kalkulatorze gamoTvlebis efeqturad Sesruleba.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes kalkulatoris klaviSebis daniSnuleba, unda SeeZlos kalkulatorTan muSaobisas moqmedebaTa
Tanmimdevrobis wesebis dacva, mexsierebis efeqturi gamoyeneba, kalkulatoriT
ricxviTi eqsperimentebis Catareba, ricxviTi gamosaxulebis aRdgena, romlis
gamoTvlac sqemiTaa mocemuli.
resursebi: kalkulatori.
meToduri komentarebi: moswavleebi xalisiT asruleben gamoTvlebs kalkulatoris
daxmarebiT. magram yvela maTgani ver iyenebs mas efeqturad. magaliTad,
17, 2 13 + 14,5 18 mniSvnelobis gamosaTvlelad umravlesoba Semdegnairad iqceva:
gamoTvlis pirvel namravls, amowers mas furcelze, Semdeg daiTvlis meore namravls
da miumatebs furcelze amoweril ricxvs. mivceT moswavleebs msgavsi gamosaxuleba da
SevTavazoT, gamoTvalon igi
Sualeduri pasuxis amoweris gareSe, risTvisac
gamoiyenon mexsierebasTan samuSao M+, M- da MR klaviSebi.
sanam uSualo gamoTvlebs Seasruleben, moswavleebs SevTavazoT, jer Sesabamisi
sqema Seadginon. mniSvnelovania rogorc mocemuli gamosaxulebis gamosaTvleli
sqemis Sedgenaze (savarjiSo 3), ise sqemis mixedviT gamosaTvleli gamosaxulebis
28
aRdgenaze (savarjiSo 8) varjiSi. am savarjiSoebis Sesasruleblad kalkulatori ar

dagvWirdeba.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi:
# 7. amocanaSi mocemul sqemaSi araa daculi moqmedebaTa Tanmimdevroba,
# 8. a) pasuxi: 0,5 - 3,2 1,5
# 9. d) kalkulatorze SevasruloT moqmedebebi (9999 23) : 29 . miviRebT 344-s, e.i.
winadadeba samarTliania.
I Tavis mimoxilva
#9. amoxsna: matarebels dasWirdeba
160 160
+
= 2 + 1, 6 = 3, 6 saaTi.
80 100
#12. quTaisis mimarTulebiT mimavalma avtobusma Sexvedramde erTi saaTiT meti

imoZrava, amitom mis mier 60 km-is gavlis Semdeg orive avtobusis mier gavlili manZili
iqneba 240km-60km=180km. isini erTmaneTs uaxlovdebodnen 60km/sT+75km/sT=135km/sT
siCqariT, erTmaneTs Sexvdebodnen quTaisidan gamosuli avtobusis gamosvlidan
1
3
180km:135km/sT= 1 sT-Si, anu 1saaTsa da 20 wuTSi, rac imas niSnavs, rom avtobusebi
erTmaneTs 11saaTsa da 20 wuTze Sexvdnen.
#13. 70 = 2 5 7,
60 = 2 2 3 5. usj(70;60)=420. mamisa da Svilis nabijebi yoveli
420sm-is Semdeg 5-jer daemTxva, amave dros, siaruli erTidaimave xidan daiwyes, amitom
xeebs Soris manZili yofila 420 4 = 1680 sm, anu 16,8 metri.
#14. Tu saZiebel ricxvs davumatebT 1-s, maSin miRebuli ricxvi unaSTod gaiyofa 2-ze,
3-ze, 4-ze, 5-ze, 6-ze, 7-ze, 8-ze, 9-ze, 10-ze. aseTi umciresi ricxvi aris
4 7 9 10 = 2520 , xolo masze 1-iT naklebi ricxvi 2519.
sakontrolo weris nimuSi

I varianti
savaldebulo nawili
1. Sekvece wiladebi: 1 2 , 3 5 , 6 0 . romeli maTgania udidesi?
56
42
72
2.
3 , 3 . maT Soris romelia umciresi?

aTwiladis saxiT Cawere ricxvebi: 36 ,
10 10000 5
3.
gamoTvale 14 7, 2 (1 + ) :1, 2 gamosaxulebis mniSvneloba.
4.
nanam SeiZina 2,5 kilogrami kexura vaSli, 1 3 kg gulabi msxali da erTi sazamTro,
1
3
5
6
romelic orjer ufro mZimea, vidre vaSli da msxali erTad. ramden kilograms iwonis
sazamTro?
damatebiTi amocana
eqskursiaze wasasvlelad Sekrebilia 63 gogona da 72 biWi. ramden 18-adgilian
mikroavtobusSi unda gavanawiloT mgzavrebi ise, rom TiToeulSi rogorc gogonebis,
ise biWebis raodenoba erTnairi iyos? ramdeni gogona da ramdeni biWi iqneba TiToeul
avtobusSi?
.
II varianti
savaldebulo nawili
1. Sekvece wiladebi: 21 , 18 , 61 . romeli maTgania udidesi?
35 72 93
29
2.
aTwiladis saxiT Cawere ricxvebi:
1
3
13
2 56
,
,
. maT Soris romelia umciresi?
1000 5 100
5
6
3. gamoTvale 23 8, 4 ( + 1 ) :1, 4 gamosaxulebis mniSvneloba.

4. nodaris deda 50,3 kilograms iwonis, mama ki 76
3
kilograms. ramden kilograms
4
iwonis nodari, Tu igi 4-jer ufro msubuqia, vidre misi ded-mama erTad?
damatebiTi amocana
saswavlo wlis dawyebasTan dakavSirebiT raionis xelmZRvanelobam Tavisi raionis
skolebisaTvis saCuqrebis gadacema gadawyvita. SeiZines 90 TeTri da 75 yavisferi
burTi. saCuqari yuTebiT gadaeca raionis yvela skolas, amasTanave, yvela yuTis
SigTavsi erTnairi iyo. daadgine, ramdenma skolam miiRo saCuqari, Tu maTi raodenoba
orniSna ricxviT gamoisaxeba? ramdeni TeTri da ramdeni yavisferi burTi ergo
TiToeul skolas?
Sefasebis sqema
savaldebulo nawili
1. 0,5 qula TiTo wiladis SekvecisaTvis.
0,5 qula swori pasuxisaTvis.
maqsimalur qulaTa raodenoba 2
2. 0,5 qula TiTo wiladis gardaqmnisaTvis.
0,5 qula swori pasuxisaTvis.
3. 1 qula moqmedebaTa rigis dacvisaTvis.
4. 0,5 qula sworad Sesrulebuli TiToeuli moqmedebisaTvis.
5. 1,5 qula Sesabamisi ricxviTi gamosaxulebis CawerisaTvis
1 qula ricxviTi gamosaxulebis mniSvnelobis gamoTvlisaTvis
0,5 qula sruli pasuxis dawerisaTvis
an , safexurebad amoxsnis SemTxvevaSi:
0,5 qula gamarTuli msjelobisaTvis
0,5 qula I moqmedebis SerCevisaTvis
0,5 qula I moqmedebis SesrulebisaTvis
0,5 qula II moqmedebis SerCevisaTvis
0,5 qula II moqmedebis SesrulebisaTvis
0,5 qula sruli pasuxis dawerisaTvis
testi
1
g
2
a
3
e
4
d
5
g
6
g
7
b
8
d
9
a
10
g
11
b
12
e
13
d
14
a
15
a
16
b
17
d
18
g
19
a
20
g
21
e
22
a
23
b
24
b
25
a
II Tavi
geometriis sawyisi cnebebi (14 saaTi)
Tavis ZiriTadi mizani: gaacnos moswavleebs umartivesi geometriuli figurebi.
Seaswavlos maTi zogierTi Tviseba.
codna da unarebi: mocemuli Tavis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles SeuZlia umartivesi
geometriuli figurebis: wertilis, wrfis, sibrtyis, sxivis, monakveTis, kuTxis,
texilis, mravalkuTxedis amocnoba, dasaxeleba, daxazva, maTi elementebis aRniSvna,
miTiTeba da gazomva, figurebis klasifikacia. SeuZlia Seswavlil figuraTa martivi
30
Tvisebebis Camoyalibeba, maT Sesaxeb msjeloba da saWiro SemTxvevaSi dasabuTeba.

meToduri komentarebi: am TavSi moswavle pirvelad ecnoba geometriul obieqtebs,
rogorc abstraqtul cnebebs, acnobierebs mimarTebas realur sagnebsa da maT
geometriul modelebs Soris (burTi birTvi). aseTi mimarTebis kerZo saxea naxazi,
rogorc geometriuli figuris gamosaxuleba. Tavis erT-erTi ZiriTadi daniSnulebaa,
moswavles Seaswavlos geometriuli naxazebis sworad aRqma da Sesruleba. amasTan
moswavlem unda SeZlos saWiro SemTxvevaSi (amocanis konteqstidan gamomdinare)
Seasrulos rogorc sqematuri naxazi, aseve naxazi zomebis zusti dacviT. sqematuri
naxazis Sesrulebisas yuradReba unda gamaxvildes naxazis elementebis zomebs Soris
swori Tanafardobis dacvaze (magaliTad, samkuTxedis udidesi gverdi an kuTxe
naxazzec udidesi unda iyos).
Tavis mizania agreTve, ganumtkicos moswavles geometriuli xelsawyoebiT saxazaviT, fargliT da transportiriT sargeblobis Cvevebi. Seaxsenos, xolo saWiro
SemTxvevaSi Seaswavlos gazomvebis warmoeba am xelsawyoebiT. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac
gazomvebi kompleqsur xasiaTs atarebs, magaliTad texilis sigrZis an mravalkuTxedis
perimetris povnisas, sasurvelia, moswavlem winaswar Camoayalibos sakuTari
moqmedebebis gegma.
saxelmZRvaneloSi Cven Tavs vikavebT geometriis, rogorc formalurdeduqciuri sistemis agebis mcdelobisgan, radgan igi naadrevad migvaCnia. vTvliT,
rom swavlebis am etapze pirvel rigSi aucilebelia moswavles gamoumuSavdes
intuiciuri warmodgenebi geometriuli figurebisa da geometriuli gardaqmnebis
Tvisebebis Sesaxeb. amitom geometriuli cnebebisa da faqtebis gacnoba xdeba
TvalsaCinoebebze, kerZod naxazebze demonstrirebiT. amasTan erTad saxelmZRvaneloSi TandaTanobiT xdeba msjelobis, rogorc geometriuli faqtebis dasabuTebis
instrumentis, Semotana. geometriuli faqtebis damtkiceba arsebiTad eyrdnoba
geometriuli gardaqmnebis, kerZod paraleluri gadatanisa da RerZuli simetriis
gamoyenebas. ukve mocemul TavSi xdeba monakveTebisa da kuTxeebis tolobis Semotana
moZraobebze dafuZnebiT. aseTi tipis geometriuli msjelobebis Catarebisas
sasurvelia TvalsaCinoebis gamoyeneba rogorc maswavleblis, ise moswavlis mier.
yoveli Temis damTavrebis Semdeg sasurvelia CaTvlebis Catareba. magaliTad,
meore Tavis Seswavlisas SeiZleba Catardes 3 CaTvla:
2.4 paragrafis Semdeg
2.8 paragrafis Semdeg
Tavis dasrulebisa da sakontrolo weris Semdeg.
ras Seiswavlis geometria

es paragrafi Tavis Sesavals warmoadgens.
mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs geometriis Seswavlis ZiriTadi obieqtis geometriuli figuris cneba; davaxasiaToT umartivesi geometriuli figurebi wertili da
sibrtye; mivuTiToT brtyel da sivrcul figurebs Soris gansxvavebaze; avuxsnaT
geometriis mniSvneloba da misi gamoyenebis sferoebi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles SeuZlia, realur saganTa
geometriuli Tvisebebi gamoarCios maTi sxva Tvisebebisagan, gaacnobieros mimarTeba
realur sagnebsa da maT geometriul modelebs Soris (msgavseba gansxvaveba), miuTiTos
wertilisa da sibrtyis damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebi, gaarCios erTmaneTisgan brtyeli da
sivrculi geometriuli figurebi, daasaxelos misTvis nacnobi geometriuli figurebi da
realur situaciaSi miuTiTos Sesabamisi formis sagnebi.
meToduri komentarebi: miuxedavad imisa, rom mocemuli paragrafi saxelmZRvanelos geometriuli nawilis garkveul Sesavals warmoadgens, masSi ganxilulia
sxvadasxva mniSvnelovani sakiTxebi, romlebzec aucilebelia yuradRebis gamaxvileba:
geometriuli figurebi abstraqtuli, warmosaxvaSi arsebuli obieqtebia,
romelTac realuri sagnebis mxolod zogierTi Tviseba aqvT.
umartivesi geometriuli figuraa wertili, sxva figurebi wertilebisagan
Sedgeba.
geometriuli figurebi iyofa brtyel da sivrciT geometriul figurebad.
paragrafisadmi miZRvnili gakveTilis dawyeba sasurvelia saubriT, sadac
31
moswavleebi imsjeleben yoveldRiur saqmianobaSi saganTa formebis, zomebisa da maTi

urTierTganlagebis mniSvnelobaze. gaixseneben maTTvis nacnob geometriul formebs,
isaubreben maT kavSirze realurad arsebul sagnebTan.

#1 am savarjiSos Sesaxeb msjelobisas SeiZleba daisvas damatebiTi kiTxva: aqvT Tu ara
saerTo geometriuli Tviseba suraTze gamosaxul sagnebs. igive kiTxvebi SeiZleba
davsvaT paragrafSi moyvanili im suraTis mimarT, sadac sxvadasxva zomis burTebia
gamosaxuli.
#4 aseTi nagebobebis yvelaze cnobili magaliTi, cxadia, piramidebia, Tumca
moswavlebma SeiZleba sxva magaliTebic moiyvanon, magaliTad, romis kolizeumi,
romelsac cilindris forma aqvs. moswavleebs SeiZleba damatebiT davalebad mieceT
pasuxSi moiyvanon romelime aseTi nagebobis zomebi, fotosuraTi an naxati. davalebis
garCevisas, sasurvelia, moswavleebs uCvenoT plakati romelime aseTi nagebobis
gamosaxulebiT. saerTod am davalebis irgvliv msjeloba SeiZleba Catardes, rogorc
saubari geometriis rolze arqiteqturaSi.
#5 am davalebis garCevisas SeiZleba moswavleebs mouyvanoT geometriis gamoyenebis
magaliTi romelime sferoSi. magaliTad, esaubroT leonardo da vinCize da
geometriis rolze mis SemoqmedebaSi. agreTve xatvisas perspeqtivis kanonebis dacvis
mniSvnelobaze. aCvenoT da erTmaneTs SeadaroT suraTebi, romlebic Seqmnilia
perspeqtivis kanonebis dacvis gareSe (magaliTad, Zvelegvipturi gamosaxulebebi) da
maTi dacviT. Tu klasma daintereseba gamoxata, SeiZleba mouyveT filipo di ser
bruneleskos (Filippo Di Ser Brunellesco, 1377-1446) dakvirvebebis Sesaxeb, romelTac
perspeqtivis kanonebis aRmoCena mohyva.
2.1 wrfe
mizani:
gavacnoT moswavleebs axali geometriuli figura wrfe, SevaswavloT

misi aRniSva da gamosaxva geometriul naxazze. aRvweroT gadamkveTi wrfeebis
ZiriTadi Tviseba.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles SeuZlia aagos wrfis
naxazi, ganasxvaos wrfeze mdebare da aramdebare wertilebi da Caweros es mimarTebebi
simravleTa Teoriis aRniSvnebis gamoyenebiT. aRniSnos da daasaxelos wrfe misi ori
wertilis mixedviT. man icis da iyenebs or wertilze gamavali wrfis erTaderTobis
Tvisebas.
resursebi: saxazavi.
meToduri komentarebi: am paragrafSi pirvelad Semodis naxazi, rogorc geometriuli masalis gadmocemis, amocanis Camoyalibebisa da amoxsnis erT-erTi saSualeba.
naxazis sworad agebisa da interpretaciis unars
mniSvnelovani roli eniWeba
moswavlis geometriuli warmodgenebis CamoyalibebaSi.
aqedan gamomdinare, gaZlierebuli yuradReba unda daeTmos moswavleebSi am unaris
Camoyalibebas. rogorc maswavleblis, aseve moswavlis mier amoxsnili amocana,
rogorc wesi, ilustrirebuli unda iyos faqizad Sesrulebuli naxaziT. yuradReba
unda mieqces, raTa moswavleebma naxazis Sesrulebisas maqsimalurad gamoiyenon
saxazavi xelsawyoebi: saxazavi, fargali da transportiri.
amasTan erTad, saWiroa yuradReba gamaxvildes im faqtze, rom naxazi geometriuli
obieqtis, kerZod wrfis, miaxloebiTi gamosaxulebaa, amitom figuris Tvisebebis
dadgenisas naxazze dayrdnobas zogjer Secdomebamde mivyavarT. magaliTad, Tu
naxazze wrfeebi ar ikveTeba, es jer kidev ar niSnavs, rom isini paraleluria (maTi
gagrZelebebi SeiZleba gadaikveTon!).
amave paragrafSi pirvelad Semodis simravleTa Teoriis simboloebi da
(èkuTvnis~ da àr ekuTvnis~). amjerad is mxolod geometriul konteqstSi ixmareba.
momavalSi Cven am simbolos mniSvenelobas gavafarToebT, magram saWiroa moswavleebi
Tavidanve mieCvion mis sworad dasaxelebas: Tu gamoyenebulia aRniSvna P a , es ase
ikiTxeba: ` P wertili ekuTvnis a wrfes~ da ara ` P wertili mdebareobs a wrfeze~ an ` a
wrfe gadis P wertilze~.

#1 am amocanaSi moswavles ar moeTxoveba sakuTari naxazis gakeTebisas zustad
daicvas me-5 naxazze mocemuli manZilebi wertilebs Soris, sakmarisia, naxazi
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sqematurad Sesruldes ise, rom am wertilebze gamaval wrfeTa yoveli wyvili

ikveTebodes.
#2 aseTi wertili SeiZleba ar arsebobdes, an arsebobdes erTi, ori an sami wertili
(ixile nax. 2.1, sadac moyvanilia yvela SemTxveva). TiToeuli napovni SemTxvevisTvis
moswavlem unda warmoadginos Sesabamisi naxazi.
a
b
c
a
b
Q
c
b)
a)
c
b
a
c
nax. 2.2
a
d)
g)
nax. 2.1
#3 arsebobs sami aseTi wertili (ixile nax. 2.2).

#4 nax. 2.2 - ze moyvanilia wrfeebisa da wertilebis amocanaSi moTxovnili ganlageba.
#6 pasuxis (AC da BC wrfeebi erTmaneTs emTxveva) dasasabuTeblad moswavlem unda
gaixsenos paragrafSi moyvanili wrfis Tviseba, agreTve aagos Sesabamisi naxazi.
#7 oTx wertilze SegviZlia gavataroT 1, 4 an 6 wrfe. Sesabamisi SemTxvevebi ix. nax.
2.3-ze.
imis dasabuTeba, rom oTx wertilze 2, 3 , 5 an 6-ze meti wrfis gatareba ar SeiZleba,
garkveuli msjelobis Catarebas moiTxovs. Tu klasis momzadebis done amis saSualebas
iZleva, maswavlebelma amocanis garCevisas SeiZleba romelime an yvela SemTxvevisTvis
es msjeloba Caataros.
radgan wertilTa wyvilebis raodenoba sul eqvsia, amitom wertilTa am wyvilebze
6-ze met wrfes ver gavatarebT.
Tu yvela wertili erT wrfeze mdebareobs, maSin gvaqvs nax. 2.3 - is a) SemTxveva da am
wertilebze gamavali erTaderTi wrfe.
Tu romelime sami wertili erT wrfeze mdebareobs, xolo meoTxe am wrfes ar
ekuTvnis, maSin gvaqvs nax. 2.3-is b) SemTxveva. am wertilebze oTxi wrfe gadis.
dabolos, Tu arc erTi sami wertili erT wrfeze ar mdebareobs, maSin wertilTa
yovel wyvils gansxvavebuli wrfe Seesabameba. aseTi wyvilebi ki, rogorc viciT, sul
eqvsia, amitom am SemTxvevaSi mocemul wertilebze eqvsi wrfe gaivlis (nax. 2.3-is g)
SemTxveva).
SeiZleba agreTve daisvas am amocanis gamartivebuli varianti roca wertilebis
raodenoba samia.
D
A
a)
b)
g)
nax. 2.3
#8 iseve, rogorc #6 amocanis SemTxvevaSi, am amocanaSi moyvanili meTodis
dasabuTebac emyareba or wertilze gamavali wrfis erTaderTobas.
#9 polaruli varskvlavi fotosuraTze gamosaxuli kaSkaSa varskvlavebidan yvelaze
33
marcxenaa. saerTod am amocanasTan dakavSirebiT maswavlebelma SeiZleba isaubros

maTematikisa da, kerZod, geometriis rolze astronomiaSi (magaliTad, geometriuli
meTodebiT ciur sxeulebamde manZilis dadgenaze).
2.2 sxivi da monakveTi

mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs sxivi, monakveTi da texili, maTi aRniSvna da gamosaxva naxazze.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos sxivisa

da monakveTis aRniSvna da gamosaxva naxazze, mocemuli monakveTis an sxivis Semcveli
wrfis daxazva, texilis daxazva, aRniSvna da miTiTeba.
meToduri komentarebi: cnebas `sxivi~ garda geometriuli mniSvnelobisa, fizikuri
da sayofacxovrebo mniSvnelobac gaaCnia: `sinaTlis sxivi~. sasurvelia, gakveTilis
msvlelobaSi es kavSiri miTiTebul iqnes: sxivi warmosaxvaSi arsebobs, magram
realurad arsebuli sagnis sinaTlis sxivis Tvisebebi aqvs (ix. saxelmZRvaneloSi
moyvanili fotosuraTi, agreTve me-7 amocana).
arsebiTia, moswavlem Tavidanve gaacnobieros is faqti, rom monakveTi da sxivi
wrfis nawilebia, amisaTvis SeiZleba naxazze monakveTis an sxivis dasaxelebisas
movTxovoT maTi Semcveli wrfis daxazva saxazaviT (monakveTis an sxivis `gagrZeleba~
wrfemde). saerTod aq, iseve rogorc wina paragrafSi, win wamoweulia simravluri
Tanafardobani (wrfe-sxivi-monakveTi-wertili) da savarjiSoebis didi nawilic am
sakiTxisadmi aris miZRvnili, Tumca am etapze simravleTa Teoriis terminologiisagan
Tavs vikavebT. saWiroa moswavlem TiToeul SemTxvevaSi TvalnaTliv warmoidginos da
Sesabamisi naxaziT daasuraTos figurebis urTierTganlageba (magaliTad, ra
SemTxvevaSia ori sxivis saerTo nawili sxivi? monakveTi? wertili?).
savarjiSoebis nawilSi xdeba wrfis wina paragrafSi naswavli Tvisebis gameoreba mis
axal cnebebTan dakavSirebis gziT (kiTxvebi 5, 6, amocanebi 5, 9). moswavleebma es kavSiri
unda gaacnobieron, rac SeiZleba ganxorcieldes am amocanebis garCevisas Sesabamisi
kiTxvebis dasmiT.
texilTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis gadmocemisas SegiZliaT moswavleebs
dauxazoT monakveTebisagan Semdgari figurebi, romlebic ar warmoadgenen texils
(magaliTad, orze met monakveTs saerTo wvero aqvs, an mezobeli monakveTebi erT
wrfeze mdebareoben) da SesTavazoT, TiToeul SemTxvevaSi axsnan, ratom ar arian isini
texilebi.
grZeldeba moswavleTaTvis geometriul naxazebSi aRniSvnebis sistemis gacnoba,
kerZod Seiswavleba sxivis, monakveTisa da texilis aRniSvnebi. geometriuli
obieqtebis sworad miTiTebis aTviseba am etapze erT-erTi mTavari mizania da
savarjiSoebis nawilic (1, 2, 4 amocanebi) am sakiTxs eTmoba.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: am etapze ar moviTxovT amocanebis
gaformebisas garkveuli wesebis dacvas (magaliTad, mocemulobis daweras), magram
yoveli savarjiSos amoxsnas sasurvelia Tan axldes saxazavi xelsawyoebis saSualebiT
Sesrulebuli naxazi. miT umetes, rom aseTi naxazis Sesruleba moiTxoveba amocanebis
umravlesobis pirobiT.
#5 amocanis garCevisas dasviT kiTxvebi: ramdeni saerTo wertili aqvT am monakveTebis
Semcvel wrfeebs? SeiZleba Tu ara es wrfeebi gansxvavebuli iyos?
#6 amocanis garCevisas maswavlebelma SeiZleba moiyvanos texilis araswori aRniSvna
da dasvas kiTxva: ratomaa aRniSvna araswori?
#7 amocana saSualebas aZlevs maswavlebels, kidev erTxel gausvas xazi kavSirs
sinaTlis sxivsa da geometriul sxivs Soris.
#8 amocanaze msjelobisas SeiZleba moswavleebs SesTavazoT, daTvalon wveroebi da
gverdebi maT mier daxazul Sekrul da gaxsnil texilebSi. Seadaron erTmaneTs
miRebuli Sedegebi, raTa TviTonve aRmoaCinon kanonzomiereba: wveroebis raodenoba
Sekrul texilSi emTxveva gverdebis raodenobas, xolo gaxsnil texilSi erTiT metia.
#9 amocanis amosaxsnelad sakmarisia msjeloba Catardes naxazze. sityva `damtkiceba~
aq ixmareba rogorc sinonimi frazisa `maCvene, ratom~. saWiro SemTxvevaSi
maswavlebeli SeiZleba daexmaros moswavles kiTxvebiT: SeiZleba Tu ara, am
monakveTebs Soris ar mdebareobdes texilis arc erTi monakveTi? mdebareobdes
34
texilis erTi monakveTi? ori monakveTi? rogoria naxazze monakveTebis ganlageba

ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi?
2.3 monakveTis sigrZe

mizani: SevaswavloT moswavles monakveTis sigrZisa da or wertils Soris manZilis
gazomva, texilis sigrZis povna.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos
monakveTis sigrZisa da or wertils Soris manZilis gazomva, mocemuli sigrZis
monakveTis daxazva, farglis gamoyenebiT mocemuli monakveTis toli monakveTis ageba,
texilis sigrZis gazomva. man unda icodes monakveTisa da texilis sigrZis Tviseba da
iyenebdes maT amocanebis amoxsnisas.
resursebi: danayofebiani saxazavi, fargali.
meToduri komentarebi: paragrafSi Semodis umniSvnelovanesi cnebebi: monakveTis
sigrZe da manZili or wertils Soris, monakveTebis toloba. TiToeuli am cnebis
aTviseba, mizanSewonilia, moxdes naxazebze praqtikuli moqmedebebis safuZvelze,
romelic yvela moswavlem unda Seasrulos. am moqmedebebs Soris pirvel rigSi unda
Sesruldes monakveTis sigrZis gazomva saxazaviT.
im SemTxvevaSi, roca maswavlebeli xedavs, rom moswavleTa garkveulma nawilma ar
icis, rogor Caataros gazomvebi saxazavis saSualebiT, man pirvel rigSi yuradReba
unda miaqcios am unaris gamomuSavebas an aRdgenas. am SemTxvevaSi sasurvelia,
sademonstracio gazomva Caataros maswavlebelma, xolo Semdeg moswavleebma
maswavleblis xelmZRvanelobiT. maswavlebeli aRniSnavs gazomvisas daSvebul
damaxasiaTebel Secdomebs. gazomvebis Sedegebis ganxilvisas maswavlebeli Seaxsenebs
moswavleebs, rom gazomvis Sedegad miRebuli ricxvi damokidebulia ara marto
gasazomi monakveTis sigrZeze, aramed zomis erTeulzec da sTxovs, gazomvis Sedegebi
warmoadginon sxvadasxva erTeulebSi (santimetrebSi da milimetrebSi).
aseve
maswavleblis xelmZRvanelobiT SeiZleba Caataron moswavleebma saxazaviT mocemuli
sigrZis monakveTis daxazva da farglis daxmarebiT mocemulis toli monakveTis ageba.
farglis gamoyenebis unaris gamomuSaveba mniSvnelovania, radgan igi aucilebelia
momavalSi fargliTa da saxazaviT agebebis sworad SesrulebisTvis.
toli monakveTebis cneba Semodis monakveTebis sigrZeebis Sedarebis safuZvelze:
tolia monakveTebi, romelTac toli sigrZe aqvT. am faqtis demonstrireba SeiZleba
farglis saSualebiT. monakveTTa tolobis es ganmarteba erTgvarad scdeba figuraTa
tolobis zogad koncefcias, romelic am saxelmZRvaneloSia ganviTarebuli (Tumca mas
ar ewinaaRmdegeba): tolia figurebi, romlebic SeiZleba moZraobiT erTmaneTs
SeuTavsdes. amitom sasurvelia maswavlebelma moswavleTa yuradReba miaqcios im
faqts, rom toli sigrZis monakveTebi èrTmaneTze dadebisas erTmaneTs emTxvevian~.
or wertils Soris manZilis cnebis axsnisas maswavlebeli SeiZleba daeyrdnos
moswavleTa intuicias: magaliTad, miuTiTos ori wertili dafaze, sTxovos
moswavleebs, uCvenon, romeli gziT SeiZleba erTi wertilidan meoremde miRweva
umokles droSi da am sakiTxze gamarTuli diskusiidan bunebrivad gadavides ori
wertilis SemaerTebeli umoklesi wiris miTiTebaze.
#1. moswavleTa yuradReba miaqcieT im faqts, rom fotosuraTze gamosaxul saxazavze
7 duimis aRmniSvneli xazi daaxloebiT 17,5sm da 18sm aRmniSvneli xazebis SuaSia. Tu
miviRebT, rom miaxloebiT 7duimi 17,7sm, maSin 1 duimi 17,7sm/7 2,53sm (zusti
mniSvnelobaa 2,54sm). analogiuri tipisaa me-4 amocana II Tavis mimoxilvaSi.
#2-#3. Tu moswavleTa momzadebis done amis saSualebas iZleva, SegiZliaT maT
SesTavazoT, amoxsnan amocana im pirobis gareSe, rom AB, BC da AC monakveTebidan AC
yvelaze grZelia. maSin gansaxilveli ori SemTxveva (C wertili mdebareobs AB
monakveTze an mis gareT) mogvcems #2 da #3 amocanebs Sesabamisi pasuxebiT. amocanis
garCevisas xazi gausviT im faqts, rom amocanis pirobas SeiZleba ramdenime sxvadasxva
naxazi Seesabamebodes da Sesabamisad amocanis pasuxic gansxvavebuli iqneba.
#5. es amocana #2-#3 amocanebis erTgvarad garTulebuli versiaa. zustad
Sesrulebuli naxazis SemTxvevaSi (monakveTebis zomebis Tanafardobis dacviT)
naxazidan pirdapir Cans pasuxi: 2/3.
35
#6. 2.4 naxazze moyvanilia A, B, C da D wertilebis wrfeze ganlagebis ZiriTadi SesaZlebeli SemTxvevebi (yvela sxva SemTxveva am naxazebidan simetriiT miiReba) da
TiToeul SemTxvevaSi miTiTebulia AD monakveTis sigrZe (a -Ti aRniSnulia saerTo monakveTis sigrZe):
a)
b)
g)
d)
AD = AB + CD a
AD = AB a
AD = a
AD = CD a
nax. 2.4
amocanis erT-erTi mizania, miaCvios moswavle amoxsnisas naxazis agebasa da mis
gamoyenebas. amocana SeiZleba amoixsnas klasSi maswavleblis xelmZRvanelobiT.
moswavleebs SesTavazeT, monaxon wertilebis SesaZlo ganlagebis rac SeiZleba meti
varianti (sul 12 gansxvavebuli ganlageba arsebobs). TiToeul SemTxvevaSi dasviT
kiTxva: Seesabameba Tu ara es ganlageba amocanis pirobebs da Tu ar Seesabameba, ra
mizeziT? (magaliTad, ganlageba A, C, D, B SeuZlebelia, radgan am SemTxvevaSi
monakveTebis saerTo nawilis sigrZe 5,8sm iqneba).
#8 amocanaSi moiTxoveba mxolod sqematuri naxazis ageba, e. i. naxazze zomebi
SeiZleba daculi ar iyos, saWiroa mxolod zomaTa Tanafardobis dacva. naxazis ujrian
qaRaldze Sesrulebisas SeiZleba davicvaT Tanafardoba: ujris gverdi = 0,5dm.
TiToeul monakveTs sasurvelia miuweros misi sigrZe.
#9 moswavleebs ganumarteT, rom laparakia ara konkretuli, naxazze agebuli texilis
boloebs Soris manZilze, aramed iseTi texilis agebis SesaZleblobaze, romlis
perimetri, magaliTad, 1,5m iqneba (rac SeuZlebelia texilis Tvisebis gamo).
#10 amocanis amoxsnisTvis saWiroa yvela SesaZlebeli texilis daxazva, romelic
amocanis pirobas akmayofilebs (aseTi texili sul eqvsia) da TiToeuli maTganis
sigrZis gazomva. amocana masze jgufuri muSaobis saSualebasac iZleva. jgufSi
TiToeulma moswavlem SeiZleba gazomvebi Caataros texilis gansxvavebul variantze.
moswavleebs winaswar sTxoveT, gamoTqvan varaudi, Tu romeli texilis sigrZe iqneba
umciresi.
#11 amocana geometriul konteqstSi Seaxsenebs moswavleebs procentebze moqmedebas.
am amocanaSi igulisxmeba, rom ABCD texili ar aris Sekruli. radgan amocanis
pirobidan gamomdinare BC monakveTis sigrZe (1,4m) texilis sigrZis 28%-s Seadgens,
amitom texilis sigrZea 5m.
paragrafis bolos moyvanili savarjiSo `TvalzomiT ipove monakveTis sigrZe~
moswavleebSi monakveTis sigrZis TvalzomiT Sefasebis unaris gamomuSavebas
emsaxureba da amitom sasargebloa misi periodulad Sesruleba. sasurvelia, am
SejibrebaSi maswavlebelmac miiRos monawileoba.
2. 4 kuTxe
mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs kuTxe, SevaswavloT kuTxis gazomva.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos kuTxis
miTiTeba, daxazva da gazomva. kuTxeTa Sedareba, sruli, gaSlili, marTi, maxvili da
blagvi kuTxeebis amocnoba da daxazva.
gamoyenebuli resursebi: danayofebiani saxazavi, transportiri.
meToduri komentarebi: saxelmZRvaneloSi kuTxe ganimarteba, rogorc ori sxiviT
SemosazRvruli sibrtyis nawili (da ara ori sxivis erToblioba, rogorc es zogierT
saxelmZRvaneloSia). am faqtis xazgasasmelad sasurvelia masalis gadmocemisas
36
pirvel xanebSi naxazebSi daStrixoT an SeaferadoT kuTxis gverdebs Soris moqceuli

sibrtyis garkveuli nawili.
kuTxeebis toloba ganimarteba moZraobis Sedegad maTi SeTavsebis gamoyenebiT.
sasurvelia, axsnisas am procesis TvalnaTliv Cveneba. moswavleebs agreTve unda
ganumartoT, rom toli sididis kuTxeebi tolia da piriqiT, tol kuTxeebs toli
sidide aqvT.
kuTxeebis gazomvasTan mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli kuTxeebis Sefaseba, rac
gulisxmobs kuTxis sididis dadgenas TvalzomiT. zogadad Sefasebis unaris, da
kerZod am unaris, ganviTareba maTematikis swavlebis erT-erTi mizania. SeaCvieT
moswavleebi kuTxis gazomvisas winaswar gamoTqvan varaudi gasazomi kuTxis sididis
Sesaxeb. kuTxis sididis TvalzomiT dasadgenad am sakiTxisadmi specialurad
miZRvnili moqmedebebic SeiZleba Catardes, magaliTad, moswavleebma SeiZleba
Seafason dafaze daxazuli kuTxis sidide da gamoTqvan varaudebi, romlebic dafaze
Camoiwereba. kuTxis gazomvis Semdeg gamarjvebuli iqneba moswavle, romlis varaudi
yvelaze axlo aRmoCndeba gazomvis SedegTan.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #2 amocana Sesamzadebelia im masalis
aTvisebisTvis, romelic momdevno paragrafSia gadmocemuli, sadac xdeba am tolobis
dasabuTeba. analogiuri datvirTva aqvs #7, #9 amocanebs.
#5 amocanaSi saZiebeli kuTxeebis agebisas moiTxoveba, rom moswavlem gaataros sxivi,
romelic mocemul marT kuTxes Suaze yofs. es ageba SeiZleba transportiriT
Sesruldes. analogiurad unda amoixsnas #6 amocana.
#8 pasuxi: 34 da 62o . #9 ori SesaZlebeli SemTxveva me-2.5 naxazzea mocemuli. es
amocana nawilebis gamoyenebiT SeiZleba amoixsnas.
B
B
x
3x
x
2x
O
AOB = 15
C
AOB = 30
nax. 2.5
maTematikuri eqsperimenti. ar unda velodoT, rom moswavleebi gazomvis Sedegad
pasuxad zustad 180-s miiReben, gazomvebi xom miaxloebiT tardeba. pasuxebs Soris
iqneba rogorc 180-ze meti, aseve masze naklebi Sedegi. ganixileT klasSi moswavleTa
mier miRebuli pasuxebi, auxseniT, rom isini miaxloebiTia da Sedegebis erTmaneTTan
SedarebiT miiyvaneT varaudamde: samkuTxedis kuTxeTa jami yovelTvis erTi da igivea
da 180-s emTxveva.
2.5 mosazRvre da vertikaluri kuTxeebi

mizani:
SevaswavloT moswavleebs mosazRvre da vertikaluri kuTxeebi,

CamovayaliboT maTi Tvisebebi Teoremebis saxiT da
maT magaliTze gavacnoT
Teoremisa da damtkicebis cnebebi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafSi gadmocemuli masalis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles
unda SeeZlos mosazRvre da vertikaluri kuTxeebis wyvilebis amocnoba da daxazva,
Teoremebis saxiT ayalibebdes, amtkicebdes da amocanebis amoxsnisas iyenebdes mosazRvre da vertikaluri kuTxeebis Tvisebebs. warmodgena Seeqmnas Teoremebisa da
damtkicebebis Sesaxeb.
resursebi: saxazavi, transportiri.
meToduri komentarebi: saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanili amocanis garCevisas
gamoiyeneT transportiri da misi daxmarebiT axseniT kuTxeebis Sekrebis wesi.
gaiTvaliswineT, rom wina paragrafSi mocemuli #2, #7, #9 amocanebis amoxsnis
37
SemTxvevaSi moswavleebi erTgvarad momzadebuli iqnebian am wesis asaTviseblad,

amitom gakveTilis pirveli nawili SeiZleba romelime am amocanis garCevas mieZRvnas.
am etapze ar vcdilobT, ganvmartoT kuTxeTa gaerTianeba simravleTa Teoriis
enaze. termini `kuTxeTa gaerTianeba~ moswavleTaTvis gasagebi unda iyos naxazidan.
maswavlebels Sesabamisi naxaziT SeuZlia miuTiTos im faqtzec, rom ori kuTxis
simravluri gaerTianebiT miRebuli figura yovelTvis ar aris kuTxe.
am paragrafSi Semodis maTematikis umniSvnelovanesi cnebebi: Teorema da
damtkiceba. am cnebebis arsis dazusteba da aTviseba moswavlis mier TandaTanobiT
unda moxdes Teoremebisa da maTi damtkicebebis magaliTebis ganxilvis safuZvelze.
amjerad moswavleebma TeoremaSi SeiZleba igulisxmon garkveuli maTematikuri
debuleba, xolo damtkicebaSi msjeloba, romelic pasuxs iZleva kiTxvaze: ratom
aris es debuleba marTebuli (WeSmariti)? jer nu mosTxovT moswavles, msjelobisas
daicvas mkacri logikuri wesebi, man Tavisi mosazrebebis dasacavad SeiZleba
mimarTos naxazs an sxva TvalsaCinoebas, gamoTqvas azri sakuTari sityvebiT da a. S.

#1. a) POQ = 25 ; b) QOR = 20 ; g) QOR = 45 + 48 75 = 18 .
kuTxeebis or SesaZlo ganlagebas erTmaneTis mimarT Seesabameba pasuxebi:
ABD = 80 da ABD = 24 .
#3 BOC = 70o.
#2.
#5. amocanas ori pasuxi aqvs: BMC = 60o , Tu M wertili moTavsebulia A da B

wertilebs Soris da BMC = AMC = 120o sxva SemTxvevaSi (am amocanis magaliTze
moswavleebs SeiZleba kidev SeaxsenoT amocanis amoxsnisTvis naxazis mniSvnelobaze).
#8. pasuxi: 80 da 100 . #10. = 90 . #11. SesaZlebelia mxolod g) SemTxveva.
moswavles SeuZlia pasuxi daasabuTos ariTmetikuli an geometriuli
mosazrebebiT.
#13. pasuxi: 90. #14. kuTxeebis sididea 60 da 120 . sasurvelia, moswavlem axsnas,
ratom ar SeiZleba kuTxeebs sxva mniSvneloba hqondeT.
#15. pasuxi: 150. am da momdevno amocanebis erT-erTi mizania, saaTis magaliTze
gaacnos moswavles mobrunebis kuTxis cneba. amocanasTan dakavSirebiT SeiZleba
daisvas damxmare kiTxvebi: ramden nawilad iyofa sruli (an gaSlili) kuTxe saaTis
aRmniSvneli WdeebiT? wuTis aRmniSvneli WdeebiT? ramdeni gradusiT mobrundeba
isari Semdeg saaTze gadasvlisas? Semdeg wuTze gadasvlisas? es kiTxvebi
daexmareba moswavleebs momdevno amocanebis amoxsnaSi
#16. pasuxi: a) 30; b) 90; g) 165. #17. pasuxi: a) 180; b) 30; g) 360. #18. pasuxi:
a) 30; b) 15; g) 0,5. #19. pasuxi: 10 wuTi. #20 pasuxi: 1 saaTi. #21. pasuxi: 165.
2.6 marTobi
mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs marTobuli wrfeebi, vaswavloT mocemuli
wertilidan marTobis aRmarTva da daSveba.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos ori
wrfis gadakveTis kuTxis dadgena, marTobuli wrfeebis ganmarteba da daxazva,
mocemuli wertilidan marTobis aRmarTva an daSveba transportiris, saxazavi
samkuTxedis an ujriani qaRaldis gamoyenebiT.
resursebi: saxazavi, saxazavi samkuTxedi, transportiri.
meToduri komentarebi: paragrafis mniSvnelovani nawili miZRvnilia moswavlis
mier saxazavi xelsawyoebis saSualebiT praqtikuli moqmedebebis Sesrulebisadmi.
ecadeT, klasSi es moqmedeba yvela moswavlem Seasrulos. Tu moswavles saxazavi
samkuTxedi ar aRmoaCndeba, urCieT, naxazis Sesasruleblad gamoiyenos sxva damxmare
saSualeba, magaliTad wignis an rveulis marTkuTxa kide. transportiris saSualebiT
naxazebis Sesrulebisas moswavleebma marTi kuTxis garda unda SeZlon nebismieri
miTiTebuli sididis kuTxis agebac.
Tanabrad gamoiyeneT terminebi `marTobi~ da `perpendikulari~, rom moswavleebi
orive am terminis xmarebas mieCvion.
moswavleTa yuradReba miaqcieT im faqts, rom wrfis wertilidan aRmarTuli
marTobi sxivia, xolo wrfis gareT mdebare wertilidan wrfeze daSvebuli marTobi
38
monakveTi.
sasurvelia, moswavleebi TviTon mividnen im daskvnamde, rom wrfis gareT mdebare
wertilidan wrfeze erTaderTi marTobis daSveba SeiZleba. amisaTvis maT Sesabamisi
moqmedebebi CaatarebineT, magaliTad, SesTavazeT, wrfeze aRniSnon wrfis gareT
mocemuli wertilidan daSvebuli marTobis fuZisgan gansxvavebuli ramdenime
wertili, SeaerTon isini mocemul wertilTan da gazomon warmoqmnili kuTxeebi.
dasviT kiTxva, ra kanonzomierebas amCneven? (rac ufro axloa wertili marTobis
fuZesTan, miT ufro mcire sididiT gansxvavdeba warmoqmnili kuTxis sidide 90 -sgan).
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #1 pasuxi: 40 . #2 ixile wina paragrafis #13
amocana. #3 pasuxi: 60 . #4 pasuxi: 45 . #5 amocanis erT-erTi mizania, Seaswavlos
moswavles ujrian qaRaldze 30 , 45 da 60 sididis kuTxis miaxloebiTi ageba (ix.
agreTve momdevno amocana). pirvel naxazze gamosaxuli kuTxis sididea 45 , xolo me-2
da me-3 naxazze Sesabamisad daaxloebiT 30,96 da 59,04 , amitom isini gamodgebian
Sesabamisad 30 da 60-iani kuTxis miaxloebiT gamosasaxavad. maswavlebelma unda
ganmartos, rom ukanasknel or SemTxvevaSi ageba miaxloebiTia.
#7 pasuxi: a) 60; b)150; g) 45. Tu amis SesaZlebloba arsebobs, maswavlebels SeuZlia
sinaTlis sxivis Tvisebis demonstrireba sarkisa da sinaTlis wyaros saSualebiT.
#8 am amocanis mizania, moswavleebi SeaCvios fotosuraTze marTi kuTxisa da
urTierTmarTobuli xazebis amocnobas, rac maT momavalSi daexmarebaT sivrculi
naxazebis aRqmaSi. gaarCieT es amocana klasTan erTad. moswavleebis yuradReba
miaqcieT im faqts, rom sivrceSi urTierTmarTobuli wrfeebis gamosaxulebebi
fotosuraTze SeiZleba marT kuTxes ar adgendnen.
#9 sxivebis mier Seqmnili erT-erTi kuTxe sruli kuTxis naxevaria (
8
) da amitom
3+ 5+8
misi sidide 180 -is tolia. danarCeni ori kuTxe mosazRvre kuTxeebia. maTi sidideebia
67,5 da 112,5 .
2.7 mravalkuTxedi
mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs mravalkuTxedebi da maTTan dakavSirebuli cnebebi.
mravalkuTxedis amocnoba rogorc geometriul naxazSi, ise garemomcvel sagnebSi,
arqiteqturisa da xelovnebis nimuSebSi, miTiTebuli saxis mravalkuTxedis daxazva,
mravalkuTxedis elementebis kuTxis, gverdis, diagonalis miTiTeba da dasaxeleba,
amozneqili da araamozneqili mravalkuTxedebis garCeva.
meToduri komentarebi: masalis axsnis dawyeba sasurvelia moswavleebis mier
garemomcvel sagnebSi mravalkuTxedebis formis Semadgeneli nawilebis amocnobiT.
maswavlebelma SeiZleba uCvenos moswavleebs xelovnebisa da arqiteqturis nimuSebis
gamomsaxveli plakatebi (erT-erTi aseTi ilustracia mocemulia saxelmZRvaneloSi)
da sTxovos, amoicnon maTSi mravalkuTxedebi an sxva geometriuli figurebi da
mxolod amis Semdeg gadavides mravalkuTxedis ganmartebaze.
mravalkuTxedis cnebis axsnisas sTxoveT moswavleebs, daxazon ramdenime
sxvadasxva saxis texili: Sekruli da gaxsnili, Tavisi Tavis gadamkveTi da
aragadamkveTi da Seaferadon an daStrixon mis mier SemosazRvruli are. Sedegebis
ganxilvisas moswavleebi bunebrivad mivlen mravalkuTxedis cnebis gansazRvrebamde.
amozneqili da araamozneqili mravalkuTxedebis axsnisas SegiZliaT aRniSnoT, rom
amozneqili an araamozneqili SeiZleba iyos ara marto mravalkuTxedi, aramed sxva
figurac. daxazeT aseTi figurebis magaliTi da SesTavazeT moswavleebs, moiyvanon
sxva magaliTebi.
mravalkuTxedis perimetris axsnisas moswavleebs SeaxseneT, rom perimetri igivea,
rac SemomsazRvreli texilis sigrZe.
diagonalze saubrisas SeecadeT, dasvaT amocana, romelic moswavleebs aiZulebs,
damoukideblad aagon mravalkuTxedisa da misi digonalebis naxazi. magaliTad,
SegiZliaT SesTavazoT moswavleebs, daxazon araamozneqili oTxkuTxedi, gaavlon
39
masSi diagonalebi da gaakeTon Sesabamisi daskvna (araamozneqil oTxkuTxedSi erTi

diagonali mravalkuTxedis gareT aris moTavsebuli, xolo meore SigniT), an sTxoveT,
daxazon amozneqili mravalkuTxedi, romelsac mxolod erTi diagonali aqvs. ratom ar
arsebobs aseTi mravalkuTxedi?
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #1 dasabuTeba unda moxdes naxazze dayrdnobiT: moswavles SeuZlia miuTiTos mravalkuTxedis ori wertili, romelTa
SemaerTebeli monakveTi ar aris moTavsebuli mravalkuTxedSi. analogiurad ixsneba
amocana #2.
#3. pasuxi: 2,4sm. #4 pasuxi: 4,5sm.
#5 pasuxi: 142 , 106 , 112 .
#6. pasuxi: 135 , 135 , 90 . sasurvelia, moswavleebSi kuTxeebis TvalzomiT Sefasebis
unaris gamomuSaveba daiwyoT yvelaze advilad aRsaqmeli marTi da 45 -iani kuTxeebiT,
risTvisac sasargebloa aseTi tipis amocanebis moSvelieba.
#7. pasuxi: 50 .
#8. pasuxi: 9 diagonali. amoxsna SeiZleba naxazis daxmarebiT. zogadad mravalkuTxedis diagonalebis ricxvis dadgena am etapze zedmetad rTulad migvaCnia, Tumca
maswavlebels SeuZlia ufro martivi amocana zogad SemTxvevaSic amoaxsnevinos
Sesabamisi kiTxvebis dasmiT, magaliTad: ramdeni diagonali gamodis erTi wverodan
oTxkuTxedSi, xuTkuTxedSi da a. S. rogor gamovTvaloT erTi wverodan gamosuli
diagonalebis ricxvi nebismieri mravalkuTxedisTvis?
#9. pasuxi: 20dm. SeecadeT, moswavleebi TviTon mividnen im daskvnamde, rom
samkuTxedebis perimetrTa jami oTxkuTxedis perimetrisa da BD diagonalis
gaorkecebuli sigrZis jamis tolia.
#10. es amocana wina amocanis Sebrunebulia da analogiurad ixsneba. pasuxi: 1,25sm.
#11. aseTi oTxkuTxedis ageba SeuZlebelia, radgan AB = 6CD , xolo ADCB texilis
sigrZe 4CD -s tolia da, maSasadame, mis boloebs Soris manZilze naklebia.
paragrafis bolos moyvanili jgufuri savarjiSo ìswavle kuTxis sididis povna
TvalzomiT~, iseve rogorc 2.3 paragrafis bolos moyvanili savarjiSo, moswavleebSi
Sefasebisa da TvalzomiT gazomvis unaris gamomuSavebas emsaxureba. regularulad
CaatareT am tipis savarjiSoebi klasTan erTad. SeecadeT, raTa moswavleebma pirvel
rigSi 30 -is jeradi kuTxeebis TvalzomiT ageba iswavlon, xolo Semdeg es unari sxva
sididis kuTxeebis miaxloebiT asagebad gamoiyenon.
2.8 samkuTxedi
mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs samkuTxedi da misi elementebi
samkuTxedisa da misi elementebis miTiTeba, mravalkuTxedis danawileba
samkuTxedebad, samkuTxedis Sida da gare kuTxis miTiTeba, kuTxis biseqtrisis
gavleba transportiris daxmarebiT, samkuTxedSi medianebis, biseqtrisebisa da
simaRleebis gavleba da maTi gadakveTis wertilis povna.
resursebi: danayofebiani saxazavi, transportiri, saxazavi samkuTxedi.
meToduri komentarebi: radgan moswavleebs wina paragrafidan ukve aqvT warmodgena
samkuTxedze, rogorc garkveuli tipis mravalkuTxedze, asaxsneli masalis gadmocema
SegiZliaT daiwyoT imiT, rom daxazoT dafaze samkuTxedi da moswavleebs gamokiTxoT
samkuTxedis im Tvisebebis Sesaxeb, romlebic mas gaaCnia, rogorc mravalkuTxeds:
amozneqilia Tu ara? ramdeni wvero da ramdeni gverdi aqvs? ramdeni Sida kuTxe aqvs?
ramdeni diagonali (ratom ara aqvs)? daanawileT amozneqili mravalkuTxedi erTi
wverodan gamomavali diagonalebiT samkuTxedebad da SesTavazeT moswavleebs,
moifiqron sxvanairi danawileba (magaliTad, gaavlon wrfeebi mravalkuTxedis Sida
wertilidan.
samkuTxedis medianaze saubrisas sTxoveT moswavleebs, moifiqron, rogor moZebnon
monakveTis Suawertili. sTxoveT ramdenime moswavles an mTel klass, daxazon
samkuTxedi, gaavlon samive mediana da naxazebis demonstrirebis Sedegad gaakeTeT
daskvna: medianebi erT wertilSi ikveTeba. aseTive midgoma SeiZleba gamoiyenoT
biseqtrisebze saubrisasac: moswavleebs SesTavazeT, moifiqron, rogor gaavlon
40
(transportiris daxmarebiT) kuTxis Suaze gamyofi sxivi, xolo mas Semdeg, rac
damoukideblad gaavleben samkuTxedSi biseqtrisebs, gamoTqvan varaudi biseqtrisebis
Tvisebis Sesaxeb (Tumca am SemTxvevaSi naxazis Sesruleba met dros waiRebs).
rogorc cnobilia, moswavleebs uWirT simaRlis gavleba samkuTxedSi im SemTxvevaSi,
rodesac samkuTxedi blagvkuTxa an marTkuTxaa, amitom sasurvelia, es naxazi
maswavleblis xelmZRvanelobiT Seasrulon. rac Seexeba simaRleebis an maTi
gagrZelebebis erT wertilSi gadakveTis demonstrirebas, igi SeiZleba winaswar
momzadebul plakatebze moaxdinoT, romlebSic maxvilkuTxa da blagvkuTxa
samkuTxedebis SemTxveva iqneba gamosaxuli, xolo marTkuTxa samkuTxedis SemTxveva
klasSi SeasruloT. (ix. me-7 da me-8 naxazebi saxelmZRvaneloSi, agreTve amocana #7 ).

#1. AC = 12,8sm. #2. ED = 4sm. #3. K = 60 . #4. pasuxi: 45 da 22,5 . #5. pasuxi: 114
#6. rogorc wesi, moswavles uWirs marTkuTxa samkuTxedSi simaRleebis gavleba,
amitom es amocana sasurvelia klasSi gakeTdes.
#7. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi ukarnaxeT moswavleebs, rom aseTi samkuTxedis ageba misi
gverdis Suawertilidan marTobuli monakveTis aRmarTviT unda daiwyon. samkuTxedis
agebis Semdeg sTxoveT, gamoTqvan varaudi, sad gaivlis, maTi azriT, biseqtrisa.
simetriis Sesaxeb intuiciuri warmodgenebi, rogorc wesi, exmareba moswavles, swori
pasuxi gasces am SekiTxvaze.
#9. amocanis ganxilvisas sTxoveT moswavleebs, naxazze aRniSnon, romeli gverdebi
aqvT toli PQS da PRS samkuTxedebs.
#10. pasuxi: 5 .
#11. amocanis amoxsna mocemulia naxazze.
2.9 geometriuli amocanebi

mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs geometriuli amocanebis amoxsnis zogadi meTodika,
vuCvenoT amocanis amoxsnis gaformebis nimuSebi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos, aagos
amocanis pirobis Sesabamisi geometriuli naxazi da gamosaxos masze monakveTebisa da
kuTxeebis toloba, gamoyos amocanis pirobidan cnobili da saZiebeli sidideebi da
sworad gaaformos mocemuloba. warmodgena hqondes amocanis amoxsnis etapebze.
resursebi: danayofebiani saxazavi, transportiri.
meToduri komentarebi: moTxovnebi geometriuli amocanis gaformebis mimarT, romlebic am paragrafSia Camoyalibebuli, moswavleebma SemdgomSi unda daicvan. am TvalsazrisiT paragrafSi gadmocemuli masalis aTvisebas gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba
eniWeba.
paragrafi samotivacio nawiliT iwyeba, romlis mizania, auxsnas moswavleebs, Tu
ratom aris aucilebeli amocanebis amoxsna maTematikis, da kerZod, geometriis
SeswavlisaTvis da ra praqtikuli daniSnuleba aqvs mas. sTxoveT moswavleebs, TviTon
moiyvanon mosazrebebi, Tu ratom aris aucilebeli amocanebis amoxsnis Seswavla.
amocanis amoxsnis gegmis demonstrireba SegiZliaT klasSi adre garCeul amocanaze,
romelic moswavleTaTvis nacnobia. es saSualebas miscems moswavleebs, aqtiuri
monawileoba miiRon amocanis naxazisa
da mocemulobis
SedgenaSi. ecadeT,
moswavleebma Tqven mier micemuli kiTxvebis daxmarebiT TviTon gamoyon amocanis
amoxsnaSi paragrafSi miTiTebuli etapebi.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #5. biseqtrisebs Soris kuTxis sidide
2-jer naklebia Tavdapirvelad aRebuli kuTxis sidideze da am SemTxvevaSi 45 -s
Seadgens.
maswavlebelma amocanis garCevisas xazi unda gausvas im garemoebas, rom es amocana
arsebiTad iseTivea, rogoric paragrafSi ganxiluli amocana. magaliTad, uCvenos
analogiebi: monakveTebi Secvlilia kuTxeebiT, medianebi biseqtrisebiT da a. S. an
41
SeiZleba dasvas kiTxva: ra aqvT saerTo am amocanebs? moswavleebTan erTad gaakeTos

daskvna: erTi da igivea damokidebuleba amocanis pirobaSi mocemul da saZiebel
sidideebs Soris, rac Seadgens amocanis arss. kargi iqneba, Tu es amocana amoixsneba
kuTxis sxvadasxva mniSvnelobisTvis, raTa moswavleebma dainaxon damokidebuleba
biseqtrisebs Soris kuTxis sididesa da Tavdapirvelad aRebuli kuTxis sidides Soris.
#6 pasuxi: 60. #7 cxadia, A kuTxis nebismieri mniSvnelobisTvis misi mosazRvre da
vertikaluri kuTxeebis biseqtrisebs Soris kuTxe marTia. mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi
am amocanas gaakeTeben A kuTxis ramdenime mniSvnelobisTvis (ix. amocana #8 ),
SesTavazeT, gamoTqvan varaudi. am faqtis dasabuTebisTvis mianiSneT, rom A kuTxis
mosazRvre da vertikaluri kuTxeebi mosazRvre kuTxeebis wyvils warmoadgenen da
SeecadeT agreTve, daanaxvoT kavSiri #5 amocanasTan.
II Tavis mimoxilva
Tavis mimoxilvis mizania, ganumtkicos moswavleebs Tavis Seswavlisas miRebuli
codna da gamomuSavebuli unarebi. igi gaTvlilia 2 gakveTilze. TavSi masala
dalagebulia im unarebis Sesabamisad, romelTa ganmtkicebasac is emsaxureba. es
unarebia:
cnebebisa da debulebebis/wesebis sityvierad Camoyalibebis unari;
geometriuli naxazebis aRqmis unari;
gazomvebis Sesrulebis unari;
geometriuli naxazebis Sesrulebis unari;
amocanebis amoxsnis unari.
aucilebeli ar aris maswavlebelma
TiToeuli am unaris ganmtkicebaze
TanamimdevrobiT imuSaos (Tumca arc esaa gamoricxuli). SeiZleba TiToeul
gakveTilze yoveli am unaris ganmtkicebas garkveuli dro daeTmos.
amocanebi moicaven yvela im tips, romlebic ganxiluli iyo mocemul TavSi da
Seicaven zogierT axali tipis amocanas. maTi rezervi saSualebas iZleva, saWiroebis
SemTxvevaSi isini momavalSi gameorebisTvis gamoviyenoT.

#1. pasuxi: gadakveTs 1, 2 an 3 wertilSi (an ar gadakveTs). sakmarisia moswavlem
TiToeul SemTxvevaSi warmoadginos Sesabamisi naxazi. #2 pasuxi: umciresi manZilia
1 sm, xolo udidesi 5 sm. #3 pasuxi: erTi tuazi daaxlobiT 0,51 m-ia.
#4. pasuxi: texilis sigrZea 36 sm. #5 pasuxi: a) 1, 25 , b) 2400 , g) 442 , d) 383448
es amocana SeiZleba gakeTdes yvela erTeulis kuTxur wuTebSi an kuTxur wamebSi
gadayvaniT, magaliTad, 122512 = 12 + 25 60 + 12 3600 , magram survilis SemTxvevaSi
maswavlebelma SeiZleba moswavleebs auxsnas Tanrigebis mixedviT moqmedebebis
Catarebis wesic:
505960
122512
= 383448
#7. es amocana ar gansxvavdeba 2.5 paragrafis #18 amocanisgan, gasaTvaliswinebelia

mxolod, rom dedamiwa saaTis isarze orjer nela brunavs (radgan erT bruns 24 saaTSi
akeTebs). e) kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad mianiSneT moswavles, rom meore SemTxvevaSi
rogorc Semobrunebis dro, ise zomis erTeuli 60-jer Semcirda.
#8. pasuxi: 85 . #9 pasuxi: 60 .
#11. am amocanis amoxsna sakmarisia Sesabamisi naxazebis warmodgeniT. 100 da 101
monakveTis SemTxvevaSi moswavlem unda miuTiTos kanonzomiereba 4-5 monakveTisagn
Sedgenil texilze.
#12. amocanis amoxsna damokidebulia saaTisa da wuTis isrebis urTierTganlagebaze.
Tu saaTis isaria win, maSin pasuxebia: a) 60 , b) 180 (30 + 15) = 135 , xolo Tu win
wuTis isaria, maSin: a) 0 , b) 180 + 30 15 = 195 (ixile 2.5 paragrafis amocanebi
##15-19 ).
#14. pasuxi: 90 (ixile 2.9 paragrafis amocanebi #5, #7). #15 pasuxi: 70 .
42
#16. pasuxi: 35 (ix. 2.9 paragrafis amocana #5). #17. pasuxi: 12,5 . #18 pasuxi: 35 .
#19. pasuxi: 14 diagonali aqvs 7-kuTxeds.
#20. sakmarisia mravalkuTxedi davSaloT samkuTxedebad, xolo Semdeg TiToeuli
samkuTxedi davSaloT oTxkuTxedebad ise, rogorc amocanasTan darTul naxazzea
miTiTebuli. amocanis garCevisas sasurvelia yuradReba gavamaxviloT im faqtze, rom
am amocanis amosaxsnelad gamoviyeneT ukve amoxsnili amocanis Sedegi, rac
maTematikaSi gavrcelebuli meTodia. #21 1) 12sm-iT; 2) 2-jer. #22. 3dm-iT.
sakontrolo wera #2 ( davalebebis nimuSebi)
I varianti
1. xuTi monakveTisagan Semdgari texilis sigrZea 1,7dm. ori monakveTis sigrZea 2,3sm da
5,1sm, xolo 3 danarCeni monakveTi erTmaneTis tolia. ipoveT texilis ucnobi
monakveTebis sigrZe.
(pasuxi: 3,2sm)
2. AOB kuTxe Tavis mosazRvre kuTxeze 20-iT metia. ra kuTxes adgens AOB kuTxis
biseqtrisa gverdTan?
(pasuxi: 50)
3. KLM samkuTxedSi gavlebulia LN mediana. LMN samkuTxedis perimetri 6sm-iT
naklebia KLN samkuTxedis perimetrze. ipoveT LM gverdis sigrZe, Tu igi KL gverdis
sigrZis naxevaria.
(pasuxi 6sm)
II varianti
1. xuTkuTxedis sami gverdi erTmaneTis tolia, xolo danarCeni ori gverdis sigrZea
4,1sm da 7,4sm. ipoveT ucnobi gverdebis sigrZeebi, Tu xuTkuTxedis perimetria 2,5dm.
(pasuxi: 4,5sm)
2. PQR kuTxe Tavis mosazRvre kuTxeze 40-iT naklebia. ra kuTxes adgens PQR kuTxis
biseqtrisa gverdTan?
(pasuxi: 35)
3. ABC samkuTxedSi gavlebulia BD mediana. ABD samkuTxedis perimetri 4sm-iT metia
BCD samkuTxedis perimetrze. ipoveT AB gverdis sigrZe, Tu igi BC gverdze orjer
grZelia.
(pasuxi 4sm)
Sefasebis sqema:
1 amocana (3 qula)
a) gaakeTa naxazi gverdebis zomebis miTiTebiT an dawera mocemuloba----------1qula
b) gamoTvala ucnobi monakveTebis sigrZeTa jami ---------1qula
g) gamoTvala ucnobi monakveTebis sigrZe------------------- 1qula
2 amocana (3 qula)
a) gaakeTa naxazi da dawera mocemuloba ---------------------1qula
b) gamoTvala AOB (PQR )kuTxis sidide -----------------------1qula
g) gamoTvala biseqtrisis mier Sedgenili kuTxe----------- 1qula
3 amocana (4 qula)
a) gaakeTa naxazi da dawera mocemuloba ---------------------1qula
b) SeamCnia, rom KL (AB) gverdis sigrZe 6(4) sm-iT metia
LM (BC) gverdis sigrZeze ----2qula
g) gamoTvala saZiebeli gverdi -------------------------------- 1qula
III Tavi
monacemebi da maTi warmodgenis xerxebi (29sT)
Tavis ZiriTadi mizani: SevuqmnaT moswavles warmodgena monacemebze, maT saxeebze da
mopovebis xerxebze; vaswavloT Tvisebriv da raodenobriv monacemTa erTobliobis
mowesrigeba; vaswavloT cxriliT sargebloba da cxrilis Sedgena; CamovuyaliboT
diagramebis agebisa da wakiTxvis unar-Cvevebi;
gavufarTovoT moswavles warmodgena ricxvebis sxvadasxva ekvivalenturi formiT
43
Caweris SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb, gavagrZeloT procentebis Seswavla da gamovumuSaoT

moswavles Sesabamisi gamoTvlebisa da Sefasebis unarebi.
Tema: `procenti~ warmoadgens wina klasebSi dawyebuli muSaobis gagrZelebas da
saxelmZRvaneloSi warmodgenilia sami paragrafiT. TiToeul maTgans eTmoba ori
gakveTili.
3.6 ricxvis procentuli Cawera (2 saaTi)
3.7 rogor vipovoT ricxvi misi procentis mixedviT? (2 saaTi)
3.8 ori sididis fardobis procentuli warmodgena. (2 saaTi)
nawilebze amocanebis msgavsad, ZiriTadi amocanebi procentebze Semdegi saxisaa:
1) mocemuli ricxvis procentis povna.
2) ricxvis povna misi procentis mixedviT.
3) ori ricxvis procentuli Tanafardobis gamoTvla.
3.1 monacemebi. monacemTa saxeebi

mizani: SevuqmnaT moswavleebs warmodgena monacemebis raobisa da maTi ZiriTadi
saxeebis Sesaxeb.
codna da unarebi: paragrafSi gadmocemuli masalis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavle
SeZlebs gansazRvros, Tu ra monacemebis flobaa saWiro dasmuli amocanis
amosaxsnelad da ganasxvaos, romelia maT Soris raodenobrivi da romeli Tvisebrivi.
meToduri komentarebi: paragrafis teqstSi Setanil gakveTilze gansaxilvel sam
magaliTs saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba davumatoT:
magaliTi 4. ris mixedviT Rebulobs diasaxlisi gadawyvetilebas namcxvris
gamosacxobad saWiro produqtebis SeZenis Sesaxeb? (receptis mixedviT).
magaliTi 5. zogi qarxana yoveldRiurad produqciis aTasobiT erTeuls awarmoebs. xarisxis gakontrolebis mizniT drodadro xdeba gamoSvebuli produqciis SedarebiT
mcire nawilis SemTxveviT amorCeva da amorCeulis vargisianobis Seswavla. amis Sedegad miRebuli monacemebis safuZvelze keTdeba daskvnebi mTeli produqciis xarisxze.
magaliTi 6. moqalaqis ra monacemebis gagebas SevZlebT misi piradobis mowmobidan?
pasportidan?
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #1. raodenobrivi maxasiaTeblebi: mricxveli,
mniSvneli. Tvisebrivi maxasiaTeblebi: wesieri, arawesieri, ukveci, kvecadi.
#3. samkuTxedis raodenobrivi maxasiaTeblebi: gverdebis sigrZeebi, kuTxeebis
sidideebi, simaRleebis sigrZeebi da a. S. Tvisebrivi: tolgverda, tolferda,
maxvilkuTxa, marTkuTxa, blagvkuTxa. analogiuri kiTxva SeiZleba davsvaT
kuTxisaTvis (monacemebi: gradusuli zoma, maxvili, marTi, blagvi, gaSlili).
#8. a) raodenobrivi: ubnebis raodenoba, sigrZe, kuTxeebi mezobel ubnebs Soris.
Tvisebrivi: Sekruli texili. b) raodenobrivi: gverdebis raodenoba, perimetri,
kuTxeebis sidideebi. Tvisebrivi: amozneqili, araamozneqili.
#11. TiToeuli marTkuTxedis ori mezobeli gverdi didi kvadratis perimetris
Semadgeneli nawilia. am gverdebis sigrZeebis jami 15 sm-is tolia. maSasadame,
marTkuTxedebis perimetrebis jami iqneba 30 sm.
mivaqcioT yuradreba, rom saZiebeli jami ar aris damokidebuli mcire kvadratis
gverdis sigrZeze da ganlagebaze.
SeniSvna. amocanebis pasuxebSi raodenobriv da Tvisebriv monacemTa CamonaTvali
SeiZleba sruli ar iyos.
3.2 rogor movipovoT monacemebi

mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs monacemTa mopovebis xerxebi (gamokiTxva, dakvirveba, gazomva, eqsperimenti) da SevZinoT maT am xerxebis praqtikuli gamoyenebis Cvevebi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafSi gadmocemuli masalis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavle SeZlebs misi gadasawyveti amocanisaTvis monacemTa Segrovebis Sesaferisi saSualebis
SerCevasa da gamoyenebas.
meToduri komentarebi: magaliTi 2 sinamdilesTan SesabamisobaSia mecnierTa
dakvirvebiT SaSvi dRe-RameSi daaxloebiT 150-jer tovebs budes. `xuTeulebiT~
44
daTvla gavrcelebuli da praqtikuli xerxia.

sasurvelia, rom am paragrafis Seswavlis droisTvis moswavleebs sabunebismetyvelo
sagnebidan (fizika, qimia, biologia) SeeZloT bunebis raime kanonis dasaxeleba, romlis
aRmoCenac mecnieruli dakvirvebis an eqsperimentis Sedegad moxda. Tu es ase araa,
mouyvaneT moswavleebs TqvenTvis cnobili magaliTebi.

#2. amocanis mizania, moswavles intuiciis doneze (sakiTxSi CarRmavebis gareSe) SevuqmnaT warmodgena respondentTa `warmomadgenlobiTi~ jgufis Sesaxeb. sasurvelia sxva,
analogiuri magaliTis ganxilva (vTqvaT, fexburTis nacvlad saopero xelovneba).
#7. gamocnobis SesaZlo meTodebi:
`pirdapiri~, rodesac kiTxvas Tanmimdevrulad davusvamT 10-s (`Cafiqrebuli
ricxvi 10-is tolia?~), mere 11-s da a. S. (dagvWirdeba ara umetes 89 kiTxvisa);
`poziciuri~ wina meTodiT jer gamovicnoT Cafiqrebuli ricxvis pirveli
cifri (maqsimum 8 kiTxva), Semdeg meore (maqsimum 9 kiTxva, sul ara umetes 17
kiTxvisa);
òrobiTi~ saZiebo aris Tanmimdevruli `ganaxevreba~ kiTxviT `Cafiqrebuli
ricxvi naklebia 55-ze?~ da misi analogiurebiT (dagvWirdeba sul didi 7
kiTxva). am mniSvnelovani xerxis gaazreba moswavleebs gauadvildebaT, Tu
winaswar ganxiluli iqneba 2, 4, 8, 16 sagnidan erTi Cafiqrebulis amocnobis
amocana.
#8. pasuxi: ara, es SeuZlebelia.
davuSvaT, rom Tavisufal ujredebSi ricxvebis Cawera amocanis pirobis dacviT aris
SesaZlebeli. vTqvaT, zeda striqonis Tavisufal ujredSi Cawerilia ricxvi x, xolo
qveda striqonis Tavisufal ujredSi ricxvi y. marcxena zeda da marcxena qveda 2x2
kvadrats ori saerTo ujredi aqvs:
am kvadratebSi Cawerili ricxvebis jami toli unda iyos. amitom 2+x = 7+y.
maSasadame, x ricxvi y ricxvze 5-iT meti unda iyos. marjvena zeda da marjvena qveda
2x2 kvadratisaTvis Catarebuli analogiuri msjeloba ki gviCvenebs, rom x ricxvi y
ricxvze 4-iT meti unda iyos, rac wina daskvnas ewinaaRmdegeba. amocanisadmi interesi
gaizrdeba, Tu moswavleebs winaswar SesTavazebT amocanis pirobis dacviT Semdegi
kvadratis Sevsebas:
(es SesaZlebelia, magaliTad, Tu aviRebT x = 7 , y = 2, xolo SuaTana striqonSi CavwerT 4-s, 0-s da 2-s ). Tu moswavleebi am amocanas damoukideblad ver daZleven, mieciT
miTiTebebi. amocanis garCevisas moswavleebi miiReben dasabuTebuli msjelobisa da
cxrilis SevsebasTan dakavSirebuli procedurebis Catarebis garkveul gamocdilebas.
3.3 cxrili
mizani: vaswavloT moswavleebs cxrilis Sedgena da cxriliT sargebloba.
codna da unarebi: paragrafSi gadmocemuli masalis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles eqneba warmodgena cxrilis SesaZlo agebulebis Sesaxeb, igi SeZlebs mza cxrilSi misTvis
saintereso monacemebis moZiebas, cxrilis Sevsebas da cxrilis Sedgenas.
meToduri komentarebi: gakveTilze samotivacio magaliTebis garCevisas moswavleTa
yuradReba mivaqcioT pirvelad monacemTa organizaciis mniSvnelobas, davarwmunoT isini
monacemTa mowesrigebuli da TvalsaCino saxiT warmodgenis upiratesobaSi.

45
#2. cxrilSi SeiZleba iyos 21 an 7 sveti.

#3. svetis waSlisas cxrils 9 ujredi daakldeba. Sedegad miiReba 9X6 cxrili, romlis
erTi striqonis waSlas kidev 6 ujredis dakleba mohyveba. sabolood, cxrils 9+6 =15
ujredi daakldeba. sasurvelia, Tu moswavle msjelobisas naxaziT isargeblebs.
#6. pasuxi: 6. #7. 3 2 cxrilSi 2 svetia. amitom sul 2 ujredi unda iyos Seferadebuli, rac ar aris sakmarisi imisaTvis, rom am cxrilis samive svetSi TiTo ujredi
aRmoCndes Seferadebuli.
#8. radgan u.s.g.(10, 45, 60) = 5, xeebi yovel 5 metrSi mainc unda iyos darguli. amisTvis
pirvel or xes Soris mogviwevs 1 xis Cargva, meoresa da mesames Soris 45:5 -1 = 8 xis,
xolo mesamesa da meoTxes Soris kidev 60:51 =11 xis. maSasadame, sul saWiroa
1+8+11=20 xis Cargva. amocanis amoxsnisas sasargebloa naxazis Sesruleba kargad
SerCeuli masStabiT (magaliTad, rveulis 1 ujredi = 5m).
3.4 svetovani diagrama

mizani: SevZinoT moswavleebs wertilovani diagramebis agebis unar- Cvevebi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafSi gadmocemuli masalis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavle SeZlebs monacemTa sixSireTa cxrilis Sedgenas da svetovani diagramebis agebas.
meToduri komentarebi: paragrafis teqstSi Setanili orive magaliTis ganxilva da

garCeva unda moxdes moswavleebis aqtiuri monawileobiT. TiToeulma maTganma
rveulSi praqtikulad unda Seasrulos saTanado gamoTvlebi da agebebi. amis Semdeg
SevTavazoT kviris ganmavlobaSi sxvadasxva sagnis gakveTilebis sixSireTa cxrilisa
da saTanado svetovani diagramis ageba.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #1. 2-is xarisxebis bolo cifrebisa da
pirveli cifrebis sixSireTa diagrama, Sesabamisad, ase gamoiyureba (ix. diagrama 1 da 2).
moswavleTa yuradReba gavamaxviloT Semdegze:
2-is xarisxis bolo cifri SeiZleba iyos mxolod 2, 4, 6 an 8. amitom danarCeni
cifrebis sixSire pirvel diagramaSi 0-is tolia.
2-is Tanmimdevruli xarisxebis bolo cifrebi garkveuli kanonzomierebiT
meordeba (periodulia!). amis gamo 2, 4, 6 da 8 sixSireebi pirvel diagramaSi
daaxloebiT tolia.
cifrebis sixSireebi meore diagramaSi araTanabaria.
7-is da 9-is sixSire meore diagramaSi 0-is tolia, magram es ar niSnavs imas, rom 2is ufro maRal xarisxebs Soris arc erTi ar daiwyeba cifriT 7 an 9.
gamoaTqmevineT moswavleebs varaudi 2-is Semdegi xarisxebis monacemebis Setanis
Sedegad pirveli diagramis saxecvlilebis Sesaxeb.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
diagrama 1.
diagrama 2.
#3. diagramis asagebad moswavleebs urCieT qveynebis farTobebis damrgvaleba da

milion kv. km-Si gamosaxva. ixileT cxrili #1.
#5. Sesadgen cxrilSi SeiZleba sawyisi cxrilis mxolod pirveli sami sveti SevinarCunoT (SevcvliT ra saTanadod striqonebis rigs). ix. cxrili #2.
46
ia
i
br
az
il
eT
ka n
ru
se
Cin
17075
9984
9629
9597
8513
aS
S
ruseTi
kanada
aSS
CineTi
brazilia
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ad
a
farTobi
aT. kv. km
Ti
1
2
3
4
5
qveyana
Tbilisidan
gasvla
matareblis #
cxrili # 1
mimarTuleba
08.50
852
09.20
16
09.50
24
10.30
12
16.10
22
21.40
652
22.20
654
23.00
602
23.45
650
cxrili #2
3.5 nawili (2 saaTi)

mizani: SevaswavloT moswavles sami saxis amocanis amoxsna nawilebze:
I. mocemuli ori ricxvidan erTi meoris ra nawilia;
II. ricxvis nawilis moZebna;
III. ricxvis moZebna misi nawilis mixedviT.
47
codna da unarebi: moswavles unda SeeZlos samive saxis amocanis amoxsna, sidideTa
(sigrZe, farTobi, dro, masa) erTeulebs Soris kavSiris nawilis saxiT warmodgena
(magaliTad, 5 wuTi saaTis 1/12 nawilia), nawilebad dayofili geometriuli figurebis
nawilebis Sesabamisi ricxvis dasaxeleba, mocemuli ricxvis Sesabamisi figuris
nawilis miTiTeba (magaliTad, daxazos kvadrati da miuTiTos misi 3/4 nawili),
amocanebis amoxsna nawilis gamoyenebiT.
meToduri komentarebi: paragrafi or saaTzea gaTvaliswinebuli. kargad unda iqnes
gaazrebuli is faqti, rom nawilebi miiReba sididis ramdenime tol nawilad dayofisas.
magaliTad, kvadrati diagonalebiT 4 tol nawilad iyofa. TiToeuli nawili
warmoadgens samkuTxeds, romelic kvadratis erTi meoTxedi nawilia.
moswavleebs SevTavazoT, dayon kvadrati oTx tol kvadratad da upasuxon SekiTxvas:
kvadratis ra nawili iqneba 1, 2, 3, 4 patara kvadrati. aqedan gamomdinare davaskvnaT,
rom nawili ori raodenobis fardobaa.
ricxvis nawilis mosaZebnad SegviZlia davsvaT SekiTxva: ramdeni wuTia saaTis 1/3
nawili? 2/3 nawili? ra moqmedebas vasrulebT am dros? igive SekiTxvebi davsvaT sxva
sidideebis mimarTac.
ricxvis mosaZebnad misi nawilis mixedviT davxazoT monakveTi, romelic saZiebeli
monakveTis 1/5 nawilia da SevTavazoT mTeli monakveTis aRdgena. Semdeg aRadginon
monakveTi misi 2/5 nawilis mixedviT, maT unda aiRon 5-jer meti sigrZis monakveTi da
gayon Suaze. aqedan gavakeToT daskvna, rom saZiebeli monakveTis sigrZe miiReba
mocemuli monakveTis sigrZis 5/2-ze gamravlebiT, anu 2/5-ze gayofiT.
sasurvelia, igive savarjiSoebi gavakeToT kuTxisa da wris SemTxvevaSic.
nawilis cnebis srulyofilad gaazreba xels Seuwyobs, erTi mxriv, wiladebis codnis
gaRrmavebas, meore mxriv, daexmareba moswavleebs Semdeg paragrafebSi gadmocemuli
masalis aTvisebaSi.
amave paragrafSi mocemulia amocanebi, romelTa amosaxsnelad gamoiyeneba nawilis
cneba. am saxis amocanebs, maTi praqtikuli mniSvnelobis gamo, kidev araerTxel
davubrundebiT.
#8. dasaxelebuli feris burTebis raodenoba unda gavyoT burTebis mTlian
raodenobaze: a) 0,3 nawili; b) 0 nawili (yviTeli burTebi kalaTSi araa, anu 0/10 =0); g)
0,8.
#12. a) mocemuli nawilebi unda Seikribos. 1/12 + 2/15 = 13/60; b) 360-is 13/60 -ia 78 .
#15. miTiTeba: gasavleli darCa gzis 13/10=7/10 nawili. pasuxi: a) 60km; b)18km.
#.18. gamovTvaloT 18-is 4/9 nawili, anu 8-is 3/4 nawili. pasuxi: 6 ha.
# 20. erTi muSa erT dReSi SeRebavs 1/6 nawils, meore 1/12 nawils. orive erTad erT
dReSi 1/6 + 1/12 = 1/4 nawils, or dReSi 1/2 nawils.
# 21. oqro da vercxli erTad aris 28 3/7 = 12g. amasTan oqro erTi nawilia, vercxli
sami nawili, orive erTad ki oTxi nawili. amitom oqros masaa 12 1/4 = 3g, vercxlis masa
12 3/4 = 9g, xolo spilenZisa 16g.
3.6 ricxvis procentuli Cawera

mizani: moswavleebs unda SevaswavloT: ricxvis Cawera procentis saxiT da
procentis saxiT Cawerili ricxvis warmodgena wiladisa da aTwiladis saxiT; ricxvis
(sididis) nawilsa da procents Soris kavSiris damyareba; gamovumuSaoT am kavSirebis
gamoyenebiT amocanebis amoxsnis unar-Cvevebi.
codna da unarebi: moswavlem unda icodes Cveulebrivi wiladis an aTwiladis saxiT
Cawerili ricxvis Cawera procentis saxiT da, piriqiT, procentis warmodgena
Cveulebrivi wiladis an/da aTwiladis saxiT. moswavlem unda icodes, rom:
1) procenti gviCvenebs ricxvSi measedebis raodenobas.
2) ricxvis procentis saxiT Casawerad igi 100-ze unda gavamravloT.
3) procentis wiladis an aTwiladis saxiT Casawerad procentis ricxvi iyofa 100-ze.
4) ricxvis (sididis) nawilis procentis saxiT da, piriqiT, procentis nawilis saxiT
Casawerad saWiroa analogiuri moqmedebebis Catareba.
48
5) ricxvis (sididis) p % -is gamosaTvlelad saWiroa procenti CavweroT nawilis

saxiT da gamovTvaloT ricxvis (sididis) nawili, an, rac igivea, ricxvi (sidide)
gavamravloT p /100 -ze.
moswavles unda SeeZlos.
1) imis gamoTvla, Tu erTi sidide meore sididis ramden procents Seadgens
2) ricxvis povna misi mocemuli procentiT.
3) procentebiT warmodgenili monacemebiT sargebloba;
4) praqtikuli amocanebis amoxsna ricxvis (sididis) procentis gamoTvlaze.
meToduri komentarebi: moswavle kargad unda daeuflos ricxvis sxvadasxva saxiT
Caweras. unda gaiTavisos , rom procenti measedebad Cawerili ricxvia.
moviyvanoT sidideTa measedebad Caweris saWiroebis magaliTebi (magaliTad, 1lari
iyofa 100 TeTrad, amitom 0,75 lari = 75 TeTrs, an 1 metri iyofa 100 santimetrad,
amitom 0,52m=52sm da sxva). davsvaT kiTxvebi: ra moqmedebas vasrulebT larebis
TeTrebSi an metrebis santimetrebSi gadasayvanad? ra moqmedebas vasrulebT
TeTrebis larebSi gadasayvanad? am analogiiT ganvumartoT ricxvis procentis saxiT
da, piriqiT, procentis wiladisa da aTwiladis saxiT Cawera.
1
miiRo gansakuTrebuli saxelwodeba
moswavleebs SeiZleba avuxsnaT, rom wiladma
2
1
1
1
-ma `procenti~, anu `measedi~,
`naxevari~, -ma `mesamedi~, -ma `meoTxedi~ da
3
4
100
1
-ma `promile~, anu `meaTasedi~.
1000
sanam amocanebis amoxsnaze gadavidodeT, unda amovxsnaT magaliTebi ricxvis
procentuli da procentis ricxvis saxiT gamosaxvaze. am mizniT, umjobesia, I
gakveTilze ganxilul iqnes teqstis magaliTebi, savarjiSoebi 1, 3, 5 da me-8
savarjiSos (cxrili) nawili (mag., me-2 da me-3 striqoni).
meore gakveTilze amoixsneba teqstis amocana, me-6 da me-7 savarjiSoebis nawili da
ramdenime amocana. davalebebi orive dRes miecema klasSi amoxsnilis msgavsi.
magaliTad, me-6 da me-7 savarjiSoebis darCenili nawili da ramdenime amocana.

# 1-5 da #8 savarjiSoebis Sesrulebis Sedegad moswavles gamoumuSavdeba unari:
Caweros ricxvi procentis saxiT da procenti warmoadginos aTwiladis an wiladis
saxiT.
# 6 , # 7, #9, #10, #11, #19. unda gamoiyenon ricxvis procentis gamoTvlis wesebi.
#12. amocanis a) punqtisaTvis erT-erTi monacemi unda moiZion wina amocanaSi.
kerZod, saqarTvelos teritoria moicavs 69700kv.km-s.
#13. amocanis amoxsnis gza airCios TviTon moswavlem. magaliTad, jer daiTvlis, Tu
ramdeni moswavle eswreba da gamoaklebs moswavleTa saerTo raodenobidan maT
raodenobas, an jer procents gamoiTvlis im moswavleebisas, romelnic acdenen da
Semdeg maT raodenobas. pasuxi: 5
#14. gasavleli gza mTeli gzis 60%-ia , anu 5 0,6=3(km). # 15. friadosania 9 gogona.
#18. a) diagramaze naCvenebi bostneulis wili aris 25%+30%+15%+5%, anu 75%. im
bostneulis wili, romelic araa diagramaze naCvenebi, aris 100%-75%, anu 25%.
b) gamoiTvlian 12 tonis Sesabamis procentebs. pasuxi: 3t; 3,6t; 1,8t; 0,6t.
#19. 15 2 15 =1,5(lari). #21. or fila SokoladSi giam daxarja 3 lari, ris
3 100
Semdegac darCa 7 lari. 14 cal saReW rezinaSi giam gadaixada 7 lari=1, 4 lari. gias
5
darCa 10-(3+1,4) lari, anu 5,6 lari. pasuxi: a) erTi fila Sokoladi Rirda 1,5 lari; b)
erTi saReWi rezina Rirda 10 TeTri. gias darCa 5,6 lari.
3.7 rogor vipovoT ricxvi misi procentis mixedviT?
mizani: moswavleebs vaswavloT ricxvis povna misi procentiT; mocemuli procentiT

gazrdiT an SemcirebiT miRebuli ricxvis gamoTvla.
49
codna da unari: moswavlem unda icodes:

1) ricxvis povnis wesi misi procentis mixedviT;
2) ricxvis mocemuli procentis gazrda-SemcirebiT miRebuli ricxvis gamoTvla.
moswavles unda SeeZlos:
1) ricxvis povna misi procentis mixedviT;
2) ricxvis mocemuli procentis gazrda-SemcirebiT miRebuli ricxvis gamoTvla;
3) amocanebis amoxsna sididis (magaliTad, fasis) ramdenime procentiT momatebadaklebaze.
meToduri komentarebi: 3.5 paragrafidan moswavleebma ukve ician ricxvis povna misi
nawilis mixedviT. amitom SegviZlia procentis mixedviT ricxvis povna daviyvanoT
nawilebze analogiur amocanaze.
sididis
(magaliTad,
fasis)
procentiT
momateba-daklebis
amocanebSi
aucilebelia moswavleebs avuxsnaT, rom ` a sidide gaizarda (Semcirda) p % -iT~
niSnavs ara a + p% -s, aramed a sidides daemata (gamoaklda) amave a sididis p % , anu
(a +
a p
a p
)-s ( ( a
)-s).
100
100
sasargebloa agreTve am formulebis a (1 +
p
p
) da a (1
) saxiT gamoyeneba.
100
100
magaliTad `fasi gaizarda 15%-iT~ niSnavs sawyisi fasis 1,15-ze gamravlebas, xolo
`fasi Semcirda 15%-iT~ niSnavs sawyisi fasis 0,85-ze gamravlebas. aseT amocanebSi
sawyisi sidide (magaliTad, sawyisi fasi) iTvleba 100%-ad da mas emateba an akldeba
mocemuli procenti. aseTi midgoma aadvilebs iseTi amocanebis amoxsnas, romlebSic
xdeba mravaljeradi momateba-dakleba. magaliTad, Tu sawyisi fasia a lari da moxda
orjeradi gaZvireba jer 10%-iT da Semdeg 20%-iT, maSin miRebuli fasi iqneba
a 1,1 1, 2 = 1,32 , anu sabolood gaZvireba 32%-iT momxdara.
moswavleebs unda davusvaT Semdegi kiTxvebi: ras niSnavs saqonlis 25%-iT
gaZvireba? (pasuxi: sawyisi fasis 1,25-ze gamravlebas). ras niSnavs 90%-iani
fasdakleba? (pasuxi: sawyisi fasis 0,1-ze gamravlebas, anu sawyisi fasis meaTeds).
fasis 1,5-jer gazrda ramdeni procentiT gaZvirebaa? (50%-iT). fasis 4-jer Semcireba
ramdeni procentiT fasdaklebaa? (75%-iT) da a. S.

#1---#13 paragrafSi amoxsnili savarjiSoebis analogiuria.
#14. a) 10000 1,1 = 11000 ; b) 10000 1,1 1,1 = 11000 1,1 = 12100 .
#15. amocana amoixsnas etapebad:
I etapi. gamovTvaloT Rvinis warmoebaSi dabandebuli Tanxis raodenoba:
20000 0, 4 = 8000 (l).
II etapi. gamovTvaloT sakonservo warmoebaSi dabandebuli Tanxis raodenoba:
20000 8000 = 12000 (l)
III etapi. gamovTvaloT TiToeul warmoebaSi miRebuli mogeba:
8000 0, 6 = 4800 (l), 12000 0,5 = 6000 (l)
IV etapi. gamovTvaloT saboloo Tanxa:
20000 + 4800 + 6000 = 308000 (l)
#16. vTqvaT, marTkuTxedis sigrZea a , xolo sigane b . maSin misi farTobi
S = a b. sigrZis 10%-iT gazrdiT miviRebT 1,1a -s, xolo siganis 20%-iT gazrdiT
1, 2b -s. miRebuli marTkuTxedis farTobi iqneba 1,1a 1, 2b = 1,32ab = 1,32 S . e. i.
farTobi gaizrdeba 32%-iT.
#17. vTqvaT, Tambaqos nawarmi Rirda a lari. 20 da 40 procentiT orjeradi gaZvirebis
Semdeg misi Rirebuleba iqneba a 1, 2 1, 4 = 1, 68a (l). e. i. Tambaqo gaZvirda 68%-iT.
#18. sasurvelia, amoixsnas jgufur mecadineobaze. moswavleebs avuxsnaT, rom mTeli
wre Seesabameba saqarTvelos mTel mosaxleobas. gamoTvlebis dros sasurvelia
kalkulatoris gamoyeneba.
50
3.8 ori sididis fardobis procentuli warmodgena (2 saaTi)

mizani: moswavleebs vaswavloT, ras gviCvenebs ori sididis fardobis procentuli
Canaweri. gamovumuSaoT maT procentebis saxiT warmodgenili monacemebis Sedgenisa
da gamoyenebis unari.
1) ra SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba ori sididis Sefardebis procentis saxiT warmodgena;
2) ras gviCvenebs ori sididis procentuli fardoba.
1) erTi sididis gamosaxva meore sididis procentiT;
2) ori sididis fardobis procentis gamoyeneba praqtikuli amocanebis
amosaxsnelad:
3) procentis saxiT warmodgenili monacemebis Sedgena da gamoyeneba.
meToduri komentarebi: 3.5 paragrafidan moswavleebma ukve ician, rogor ipovon,
erTi ricxvi (sidide) meoris ra nawilia. Tu nawilis maCvenebel wilads CavwerT
procentis saxiT, anu gavamravlebT 100-ze, miviRebT fardobis procents, romelic
gviCvenebs, erTi ricxvi (sidide) meoris ramdeni procentia. amitom am paragrafis
amocanebi SegviZlia nawilebze amocanebis analogiurad amovxsnaT. sasurvelia,
davubrundeT 3.5 paragrafis amocanebs da amovxsnaT isini procentebSi (magaliTad,
amocana 1-Si miviRebT, rom saqarTvelos sazRvao sazRvari Seadgens mTliani sazRvris
daaxloebiT 16%-s. analogiurad upasuxon moswavleebma savarjiSoebis 6-9 amocanebs).
sabolood moswavleebma unda aiTvison `formula~:
ramdeni procentia = ra nawilia 100.
paragrafis amocanebTan dakavSirebiT unda aRvniSnoT, rom rZeSi (amocana1) cximis
procentuli Semadgenloba gviCvenebs, 100g rZeSi ramdeni grami cximia (4,2 g), xolo
burTis tyorcnis sizuste gviCvenebs, imave sizustiT as-asjer rom etyorcnaT,
ramden burTs Caagdebdnen ( pirveli kalaTburTeli 75-s, meore 70-s).

16
200
7
100% =
% ; d)
100% = 35% .
# 3. b)
72
9
20
# 4. TiToeuli monacemi unda gavyoT moswavleTa mTlian raodenobaze (miviRebT, ra
nawilia) da gavamravloT 100-ze.
# 5. sasurvelia, mivceT Sebrunebuli amocanebic. magaliTad, ra nawilia 25%, 50%, 1%,
100%.
#11. amocana SeiZleba amoixsnas ori gziT:
I gza. jer gavigoT namatis raodenoba: 12,18 10 = 2,18 (TeTri). gamovTvaloT 2,18-isa
da 10-is fardobis procenti:
2,18
100% = 21,8%.
10
12,18
II gza. gamovTvaloT 12,18-isa da 10-is fardobis procenti: (
100)% = 121,8%. iyo
10
100% da gaxda 121,8%, anu gazrdila 21,8%-iT.
# 12. pasuxi: 40%.
#13. gamoTvalon da Sedegi Seamowmon kalkulatoriT.
#14. arsebobs ori aseTi wertili. monakveTis SigniT da mis gagrZelebaze unda
gadavzomoT B-dan 3,2sm.
#15. Tavidan mocemuli ricxvi 100%-ia. 3-jer gazrdiT iqneba 300%, e. i. gaizarda
200%-iT.
#16. Tavidan mocemuli ricxvi 100%-ia. aTjer Semcirebis Semdeg darCeba 10%, e.i.
Semcirda 90%-iT.
sakontrolo wera #3
I varianti
1) gamoTvale: a)15-is 20%; b)180-is 0,6 nawili.
2) ipove ricxvi, romlis: a)
3
nawili tolia 1,8-is; b) 25% tolia 16-is.
5
51
3) mariams saSinao davalebis Sesrulebaze 3sT da 20 wT dasWirda, anas ki am drois
3
nawili. ramdeni wuTiT swrafad Seasrula anam davaleba?
4
4) marwyvis gamyidvelma gadawyvita, gaekeTebina yoveldRiuri Canaweri myidvelebisa
da maT mier nayidi marwyvis raodenobis Sesaxeb. xuTi dRis Semdeg mis mier Segrovili
informacia aseTi saxis iyo:
I dR.: 7 myidv. gaiyida 7kg marwyvi
II dR.: 10 myidv. gaiyida 12kg marwyvi
III dR.: 13 myidv. gaiyida 20kg marwyvi
IV dR.: 16 myidv. gaiyida 33kg marwyvi
V dR.: 21 myidv. gaiyida 40 kg marwyvi
am monacemebis mixedviT Seadgine cxrili da upasuxe SekiTxvebs:
a) sul ramdeni kg marwyvi gaiyida?
b) marwyvze moTxovnileba izrdeboda Tu mcirdeboda?
g) ramdeni procentiT meti marwyvi gayida gamyidvelma IV dRes II dResTan SedarebiT?
d) gaagrZelos Tu Sewyvitos gamyidvelma marwyvis gayidva? ratom?
e) saSualod ramden kg marwyvs yidulobda erTi myidveli?
II varianti
1) gamoTvale: a) 20-is 15%; b) 120-is
2
nawili.
3
2) ipove ricxvi, romlis: a) 0,8 nawili tolia 8,8-is; b) 20% tolia 18-is.
3) nikas soflidan qalaqSi Casasvlelad 2 sT da 20 wT dasWirda, ukan dasabruneblad
ki am drois
6
nawili. ramdeni wuTiT naklebi dro moandoma nikam sofelSi
7
dabrunebas qalaqSi CasvlasTan SedarebiT?

4) mandarinis gamyidvelma gadawyvita, gaekeTebina yoveldRiuri Canaweri
myidvelebisa da maT mier nayidi mandarinis raodenobis Sesaxeb (kilogramebSi). xuTi
dRis Semdeg mis mier Segrovili informacia aseTi saxis iyo:
I dR.: 12 myidv. gaiyida 30kg mandarini
II dR.: 9 myidv. 21kg mandarini
III dR.: 8 myidv. 13kg mandarini
IVdR.: 6 myidv. 10kg mandarini
V dR.: 3 myidv. 6kg mandarini
monacemebis mixedviT Seadgine cxrili da upasuxe SekiTxvebs:
a) sul ramdeni kg mandarini gaiyida?
b) izrdeboda Tu mcirdeboda moTxovnileba?
g) ramdeni procentiT naklebi mandarini gayida gamyidvelma IV dRes II dResTan
SedarebiT?
d) gaagrZelos Tu Sewyvitos gamyidvelma mandarinis gayidva? ratom?
e) saSualod ramden kg mandarins yidulobda erTi myidveli?
Sefasebis sqema sul 12 qula

1) amoxsna a) 1qula, amoxsna b) 1qula . sul -----2 qula.
2) amoxsna a) 1qula, amoxsna b) 1qula. sul -----2 qula.
3) gadaiyvana saaTebi wuTebSi 1 qula, gamoTvala nawili 1 qula, gamoTvala sxvaoba
1 qula. sul-----3 qula.
4) upasuxa SekiTxvebs: sul -----5 qula.
a) gamoTvala, ramdeni kg marwyvi gayida gamyidvelma sul 1 qula.
b) gaigo, izrdeboda moTxovnileba marwyvze Tu mcirdeboda 1 qula.
g) gamoTvala, ramdeni procentiT meti marwyvi gayida gamyidvelma IV dRes II dResTan
SedarebiT 1 qula.
d) upasuxa SekiTxvebs 1 qula.
e) gamoTvala saSualo 1 qula.
52
3.9 proporcia
mizani:
moswavleebs vaswavloT amocanis Sesabamisi proporciis Sedgena da

proporciis ZiriTadi Tvisebis gamoyeneba.
1) proporciis ZiriTadi Tviseba;
2) ras gviCvenebs rukis masStabi;
3) rogor gamoiyenos rukis masStabi;
4) rogor gamoiyenos xsnarSi wamlis Semcveloba erTjeradi dozis dasadgenad.
1) ori Sefardebis tolobis Semowmeba;
2) amocanis Sesabamisi proporciis Sedgena;
3) proporciis ZiriTadi Tvisebis gamoyeneba ucnobi wevris sapovnelad;
4) rukis gamoyeneba realuri manZilis dasadgenad;
5) wamlis erTjeradi dozis dadgena.
meToduri komentarebi: amocana 1-is amoxsnamde moswavleebs gamovaTvlevinoT, 1km-Si
ramdeni santimetria (1km=100 000sm). avuxsnaT, rom rukis masStabi gviCvenebs,
ramdenjeraa Semcirebuli manZilebi rukaze realur manZilTan SedarebiT.
magaliTad, masStabi 1:600 000 niSnavs, rom realuri manZili rukaze manZilze 600 000jer metia (SevniSnoT, rom paragrafis masStabTan dakavSirebul amocanaSi
igulisxmeba wrfivi manZilebi da ara mrudis (gzatkecilis an rkinigzis) gaswvriv.
(rukaze mrudis gaswvriv manZilebis gasazomad gamoiyeneba specialuri xelsawyo).
mocemuli Temis swavleba Sedegiani iqneba, Tu moswavleebs rukaze praqtikulad
gavazomvinebT saxazaviT manZilebs da masStabis mixedviT davaTvlevinebT realur
manZilebs.
proporciis TvalsaCinod warmosadgenad SeiZleba gamoviyenoT Semdegi sqemac:
amocana 1-Si:
1sm ------------------- 6km
11sm ------------------ x km
aqedan, x =
11 6
= 66 (km) .
1
amocana 2-Si:
40ml -------------- 215 mg

x ml -------------- 25 mg
40 25
4, 7 (ml).
215
aqedan, x =
paragrafis masala da savarjiSoebi SegviZlia

Semdegnairad gavanawiloT: pirvel saaTze mivceT proporcia, proporciis Tviseba,
ucnobi wevris povna proporciaSi, ori Sefardebis tolobis Semowmeba, rukis
masStabze amocana 1. gavakeToT teqstSi amoxsnili magaliTebi da ramdenime magaliTi
#1-6 savarjiSoebidan. davalebad mivceT savarjiSo1-6-is danarCeni magaliTebi da
amocanebi #7-8. meore saaTze amovxsnaT paragrafis amocana 2, savarjiSoebidan
amocanebi #9 da #15. danarCeni amocanebi mivceT saSinao davalebad. sav. #19.
SegviZlia mivceT klasSi jgufur mecadineobaze.
#7. pasuxi: 90km. #9. pasuxi:. 6,5sm. #11. pasuxi:1:400000. #12. pasuxi: 820km. #14.
pasuxi: 250m.
# 20. Tu 25g marili 5%-ia, maSin xsnari iqneba 500 g. pasuxi: 475g wyali.
3.10 proporciuli damokidebulebebi sidideTa Soris (2 saaTi)

mizani: vaswavloT moswavleebs, sidideTa Soris pirdapirproporciuli da ukuproporciuli damokidebulebebis Tvisebebi.
1) pirdapirproporciuli da ukuproporciuli damokidebulebebis Tvisebebi;
2) pirdapirproporciuli da ukuproporciuli damokidebulebebis magaliTebi;
1) proporciuli damokidebulebebis amocnoba;
2) proporciuli damokidebulebebis Tvisebebis gamoyeneba amocanebis amosaxsnelad.
53
meToduri komentarebi: imis dasabuTeba, rom pirdapirproporciuli damokidebulebis SemTxvevaSi sidideTa fardoba mudmivia, SegviZlia Semdegi msjelobiT: Tu x da
y sidideebi pirdapirproporciulebia, maSin nebismieri k dadebiTi ricxvisTvis
kx x
kx sidides Seesabameba ky sidide. wiladis ZiriTadi Tvisebis gamo
= .
ky y
imis dasabuTeba, rom ukuproporciuli damokidebulebis SemTxvevaSi sidideTa
x da
y sidideebi
namravli mudmivia, SegviZlia Semdegi msjelobiT: Tu
ukuproporciulebia, maSin nebismieri k dadebiTi ricxvisTvis kx sidides Seesabameba
y
y
-sidide. amitom kx = x y .
k
k
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: pirvel gakveTilze sasurvelia mivceT
paragrafis amocanebi da savarjiSoebi pirdapirproporciul sidideebze: amocana1-2,
magaliTi1, savarjiSoebi #1-11. meore saaTze mivceT paragrafis amocanebi da
savarjiSoebi ukuproporciul sidideebze: amocana 3, magaliTi 2 da savarjiSoebi
#14-20. savarjiSoebi #12-13 da #21 sasurvelia ganvixiloT jgufur mecadineobaze.
#12-19. aq unda gamoviyenoT orjeradi pirdapiri proporcia: magaliTad,
savarjiSo18-Si muSebis raodenoba gaizarda samjer, saaTebis raodenoba orjer,
amitom Sedegi gaizrdeba 6-jer. pasuxi: 72 m. #20. gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom aprilsa
da ivnisSi 30, xolo maisSi 31 dRea. amocanis pirobis Tanaxmad samma buldozerma 48
dReSi gaTxara arxis 1/3 nawili. erTi buldozeri am samuSaos samjer met dros, anu 144
dRes, xolo darCenil 2/3 nawils 288 dRes moandomebda, 4 buldozeri ki oTxjer
nakleb dros, anu 72 dRes moandomebs. e. i. 18 maisidan unda gadavTvaloT 72 dRe.
pasuxi: a) 72 dReSi; b) 29 ivliss.
#21. pirobidan gamomdinare, 6 Carxi 2 saaTSi 12 detals Carxavs. detalebisa da
saaTebis
x=
raodenobebi
pirdapirproporciulia.
amitom
12 20
.
=
x
2
aqedan
40 10
= (sT)=3sT 20wT.
12 3
3.11 sididis dayofa proporciul nawilebad (2 saaTi)

mizani: vaswavloT moswavleebs sidideTa dayofa mocemuli ricxvebis proporciul
nawilebad.

paragrafSi mocemuli sidideTa nawilebad dayofis orive xerxi.
1) ricxvis warmodgena mocemuli ricxvebis proporciul SesakrebTa jamad;
2) sidideTa proporciul nawilebad dayofis gamoyeneba praqtikuli amocanebis
amosaxsnelad.
meToduri komentarebi: moswavleebs unda vesaubroT sidideTa proporciul
nawilebad dayofis praqtikul saWiroebaze. moviyvanoT saTanado magaliTebi
(magaliTad, arqiteqturidan da saxviTi xelovnebidan). paragrafSi aseTi praqtikuli
xasiaTis bevri amocanaa: CiTilebis ganawileba farTobis proporciulad,
gasamrjelos ganawileba Sesrulebuli samuSaos proporciulad da sxv. SemdgomisaTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania proporciulad dayofis gamoyeneba
geometriaSi. paragrafSi mocemulia martivi geometriuli amocanebi proporciul
dayofaze. momdevno paragrafSi proporciul nawilebad dayofa gamoiyeneba wriuli
diagramebis asagebad.

pirvel gakveTilze sasurvelia mivceT paragrafis amocana1 da savarjiSoebi #1-10.
ramdenime savarjiSo gavakeToT klasSi. meore saaTis nawili davuTmoT jgufur
mecadineobas, romelzec ganxiluli iqneba savarjiSoebi #17- 18.
#16. 17sm unda davyoT 10: 11:13 proporciiT.
#17. am amocanaSi igulisxmeba manZilebi quCis gaswvriv. aRvniSnoT manZilebi gias
54
saxlidan salomes saxlamde 7 x -iT, gias saxlidan naTias saxlamde 9 x -iT. 7 x = 140 (m),
x = 20 (m). SesaZlebelia ori SemTxveva: salome da naTia cxovroben gias saxlis erT
mxares, maSin salomes saxlidan naTias saxlamde manZilia 9 x 7 x = 2 x = 40 (m), an salome
da naTia cxovroben gias saxlis sxvadasxva mxares, maSin manZili salomes saxlidan
naTias saxlamde 9 x + 7 x = 16 x = 320 (m)-is tolia.
3.12 wriuli diagrama
mizani: vaswavloT moswavleebs wriuli diagramis ageba.

1) ras gviCvenebs wriuli diagrama;
2) ra saxis monacemebis warmosadgenad gamoiyeneba wriuli diagrama;
3) ra aris seqtori;
4) ramden gradusiani seqtoria mTeli wre.
1) 3600-is dayofa mocemuli proporciiT;
2) wris dayofa mocemuli ricxvebis (monacemebis) proporciul seqtorebad;
3) wriuli diagramis ageba da gaformeba.
resursebi: fargali, saxazavi, transportiri, feradi fanqrebi
meToduri komentarebi: moswavleebs unda vesaubroT wriuli diagramis saWiroebaze
monacemTa TvalsaCinod warmosadgenad. avuxsnaT, rom wriuli diagrama gviCvenebs
monacemTa Soris arsebul proporcias. moswavleebs davaxazvinoT wre da SevTavazoT
misi dayofa raime martivi proporciiT (magaliTad, 1:3 an 2:3:4). SevTavazoT, miRebul
seqtorebs miuweron Sesabamisi procentebi. Semdeg gavakeToT paragrafis amocana 1-2.
CamovayaliboT wriuli diagramis agebis etapebi:
I etapi. 3600 davyoT monacemebis proporciul nawilebad (Tu monacemebi procentis
saxiTaa warmodgenili, maSin viTvliT 360 gradusis Sesabamis procentebs);
II etapi. vxazavT wres da vyofT miRebuli sididis seqtorebad;
III etapi. yovel seqtors mivuwerT Sesabamis monacems;
IV etapi. vawerT saTaurs da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi vaferadebT.

3.13. ricxvis damrgvaleba
mizani: gavacnoT moswavles ricxvis damrgvalebis wesi da misi gamoyeneba ricxvis

mocemul Tanrigamde damrgvalebisas.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos ricxvis

damrgvalebis wesis gamoyeneba ricxvis mocemul Tanrigamde damrgvalebisas.
meToduri komentarebi: axali masalis axsnamde gameorebul unda iqnes aTwiladi,
misi Tanrigebi da aTwiladis gamosaxva ricxviT sxivze. maswavlebelma moswavleebs
unda amoaxsnevinos Semdegi tipis savarjiSoebi: a) ricxviT sxivze romel or
naturalur ricxvs Sorisaa moTavsebuli ricxvi 3,2? 6,8? 2,5? da a. S.
b) ricxvi 4,8 ufro axlosaa ricxv 5-Tan, vidre 4-Tan da a. S.
masalis axsnisas moswavleebma jer unda gaiazron damrgvalebis Sinaarsi da Semdeg
aiTvison damrgvalebis meqanikuri wesi.
moswavlem unda icodes, rom ricxvis erTeulamde damrgvaleba niSnavs am ricxvis
Secvlas masTan axlos mdgomi naturaluri ricxviT. magaliTad, ganvixiloT ricxvi
5,147. igi metia 5-ze da naklebia 6-ze: 5<5,147<6. radgan 5,147 ricxv 5-Tan ufro
axlosaa, vidre 6-Tan, amitom erTeulamde damrgvalebisas miaxloebiT mniSvnelobad
virCevT 5-s: 5,147 5.
aseve unda miudges ricxvis damrgvalebas meaTedamde, measedamde da a. S. magaliTad,
5,147-is
meaTedamde
damrgvalebisas
moswavlem
unda
gaiazros,
rom
5,1<5,14<5.2 da igi ufro axlosaa 5.1-Tan, vidre 5.2-Tan. swored amitom,
5,147 5,1. aseve: 5,14<5,147<5.15. maSasadame, 5,147 ufro axlosaa 5.15-Tan da
5,147 5,15.
amis Semdeg xdeba masalis gadacema saxelmZRvanelos teqstis mixedviT.
pasuxebi: # 1. a) 3, b) 4, g) 6, d) 0. # 2. a) aTeulis; b) erT. aTaseul. g) erTeul mil.
55
#4 a) 298 300; b) 76 100. #5. a) 1298 1000. #6. a) 2,081 2,1.

3.14. praqtikuli gamoTvlebi
mizani: vaswavloT moswavles miaxloebiTi gamoTvlebis Catareba.
codna da unarebi: moswavlem unda icodes moqmedebaTa Sedegebis miaxloebiTi
mniSvnelobebis gamoTvla da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi unda SeeZlos miaxloebiTi
gamoTvlebis warmoeba.
meToduri komentarebi: moswavleebma unda icodnen, rom ricxvebi, romlebTanac saqme
gvaqvs ariTmetikis praqtikaSi gamoyenebisas, umravles SemTxvevaSi sidideTa
miaxloebul mniSvnelobebs gvaZleven. zustad SeiZleba mivuTiToT moswavleTa raodenoba klasSi, wevrTa raodenoba romelime ojaxSi, magram mcxovrebTa raodenobas
romelime qalaqSi zustad ver ganvsazRvravT, radgan igi mudmivad icvleba. miaxloebiT mniSvnelobebs iZlevian agreTve ricxvebi, romelnic miiRebian sigrZis, wonis,
drois da a. S. sidideebis gazomvisas.
axali masalis axsnamde: a) maswavlebeli winaswar unda esaubros ricxvis miaxloebiTi
mniSvnelobis praqtikul Sinaarsze. aCvenos konkretul magaliTze, rom ricxvebi, romelnic miiRebian gazomvisas, yovelTvis miaxloebiTia. sasargeblo iqneba iseTi amocanis
micema, romelic cxovrebasTan uSualo kavSirSia da miRebuli ricxvis sizustis xarisxi
ganisazRvreba amocanis konkretuli pirobiT. magaliTad, Tu amocana moiTxovs raRac
Tanxis ramdenime nawilad gayofas da ganayofSi miiReba usasrulo aTwiladi, maSin am
ricxvis miaxloebiT mniSvnelobad miiReba ricxvi sizustiT 0,01, radgan laris meaTasedi
nawilis gamoTvlas azri ara aqvs.
b) unda gaameorebinos ricvxebis damrgvaleba mocemul Tanrigamde.
g) amoixsnas amocana 1. aage monakveTi, romlis sigrZec
2
decimetria. miRebuli
7
monakveTis sigrZe gamosaxe milimetrebSi.

amocanis amoxsnisas miiReba, rom
2
dm = 0,2857dm 0,29dm. maSasadame, monakveTis
7
sigrZe 29 milimetria. aqac wiladis miaxloebiTi mniSvneloba aRebulia 0,01 sizustiT,

radgan decimetris meaTasedi nawili es aris milimetris meaTedi nawili, romlis
agebac Znelia. amocana 2. ori kilogrami Cai unda gaanawilon 7 paketSi. ramdeni grami
Cai iqneba TiToeul paketSi?
am amocanis amoxsnisas imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom grami warmoadgens kilogramis
meaTased nawils, gamoTvla ase Caiwereba:
2
kg = 0,2857kg 0,286kg.
7
amocanis pasuxi aseTi iqneba: TiToeul paketSi iqneba 286 grami Cai.
orive amocanis amoxsnas maswavlebeli miandobs moswavleebs . TviTon Caereva saWiro
dros, Sesaferisi komentarebiT.
axali masalis axsnas maswavlebeli agrZelebs saxelmZRvanelos mixedviT.
#3. 1 ha=10000kv.m
1kv.m - - - - 3 kaci
5 100kv.m - - - - - - x kaci.
x =5 100 3=15 300
pasuxi: mitings daaxloebiT 15 300 kaci eswreboda.
#4. xatvis xuTi rveulisaTvis saWiroa ara umetes 10 larisa, ori kolofi feradi
fanqrebisTvisac ara umetes 10 larisa. maSasadame, 20 lari sakmarisia xatvis xuTi
rveulisa da ori kolofi feradi fanqrebis sayidlad.
#7 . miaxloebiTi pasuxebis misaRebad SegviZlia davamrgvaloT procentis raodenoba
an adamianTa raodenoba (an orive erTad): a) 1200 b) 500 d) Tu msoflios mosaxleobis
raodenobas vigulisxmebT 7 miliards, xolo B jgufis mqone adamianTa raodenobas
procentebSi 10%-s, miviRebT 700 000 000-s.
#9. fanjrebisa da karebis gauTvaliswineblad oTaxis kedlebis farTobia: 6(6,9+5,75)
6(7+6) 78(kv.m)
56
karis farTobia daaxloebiT 2,5 kv.m

orive fanjris farTobia daaxloebiT 3 kv.m
Spaleri gaekvreba daaxloebiT 78-(3+2,5)=78-5,5=72,5 73(kv.m).
73kv.m-is farTobis mqone kedlis SpaleriT dasafarad saWiro gragnilebis raodenobaa
73 : 5,5=13,272727...... anu 14.
pasuxi: saWiroa 14 gragnili.
Tavis mimoxilva
amocana 1. razmSi 49 jariskacia. amocana 3. Camofasda 30%-iT. amocana 6. 4 saaTSi
jariskaci gaivlis gzis 6/5 nawils, amitom igi B-dan A-sken gamobrundeba da gaivlis
gzis 1/5 nawils, anu 4 kilometrs. pasuxi: 16km. amocana 7. pasuxi: 150m. amocana 8-9. ar
daagvianebs.
sakontrolo wera #4
I varianti
1) gamoTvale proporciis ucnobi wevri: a) x :10 = 7 : 5 ; b)
5 x
= .
3 4
2) traqtori sam dReSi xnavs 11 heqtars. ramden heqtars moxnavs igive traqtori xuT
dReSi?
3) eqvsi muSa saxls aSenebs 28 dReSi. ramden dReSi aaSenebs aseTive saxls Svidi muSa?
4) daTom, lukam, elenem da Takom 126 kakali TavianTi asakis proporciulad gaiyves.
gaige, vis ramdeni kakali ergo, Tu daTo 9 wlisaa, Tako 11 wlis, luka 10 wlis, xolo
elene 12 wlis.
II varianti
1) gamoTvale proporciis ucnobi wevri: a) y :12 = 5 : 6 ; b)
3 x
= .
4 3
2) 9 kilogram alubals xilfafis gasakeTeblad 2,1 kilogrami Saqris fxvnili sWirdeba.

ramdeni kilogrami Saqris fxvnili dasWirdeba 12 kilogram alubals?
3) 4 traqtori garkveuli farTobis nakveTs 5 dReSi xnavs. ramden dReSi moxnavs imave
farTobs 3 traqtori?
4) Team, giam, ekam da sandrom 30 banani SeiZines da TavianTi asakis proporciulad
gainawiles. gaige, vis ramdeni banani ergo, Tu sandro 5 wlisaa, eka da gia 3-3 wlis,
xolo Tea 4 wlis.
Sefasebis sqema (10 qula)
1) airCia swori gza ucnobi wevris gamosaTvlelad -----1qula
miiRo swori pasuxi ---- 1 qula
sul 2 qula
2) dainaxa sidideTa Soris pirdapirproporciuli damokidebuleba -----1 qula
proporcia Seadgina sworad -----1 qula
swori pasuxi miiRo -----1 qula
sul 3 qula
3) dainaxa sidideTa Soris ukuproporciuli damokidebuleba1 qula
proporcia Seadgina sworad -----1 qula
miiRo swori pasuxi ------1 qula
sul 3 qula
4) airCia amoxsnis swori gza ---1 qula
sworad gaanawila ---1 qula
sul 2 qula
testi
1
a
2
a
3
a
4
e
5
b
6
g
7
a
8
e
9
b
10
d
11
g
12
b
13
e
57
14
g
15
e
16
e
17
b
18
a
19
e
20
g
21
e
22
g
23
e
24
b
25
e
IV Tavi
uaryofiTi ricxvebi
4.1 dadebiTi da uaryofiTi ricxvebi
mizani: dadebiTi da uaryofiTi ricxvebis cnebis Semotana da am ricxvebis SemoRebis
aucileblobis garkveva.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda SeZlos dadebiTi da

uaryofiTi ricxvebis praqtikaSi gamoyenebis magaliTebis moyvana (mag., temperatura,
vali, wageba, gasavali da a. S.).
meToduri komentarebi:
maswavlebeli gakveTils iwyebs samotivacio nawiliT. kiTxvebiT mimarTavs klass:
ra da ra ricxvebi viswavleT dRemde? (naturaluri da wiladi ricxvebi, nuli)
amovxsnaT amocana: `Termometri diliT 10 gradus siTbos aCvenebda. SuadRisas
siTbom 60-iT moimata. ramden graduss aCvenebda Termometri SuadRisas?~ (160).
axla amovxsnaT aseTi amocana `Termometri diliT 100 siTbos aCvenebda. SuadRisas
TermometrSi vercxliswylis done 40-iT Seicvala. ramden graduss aCvenebda
Termometri SuadRisas?~
(pasuxs sxvadasxvanairs mogvcemen: siTbom moimata 40-iT; siTbom daiklo 40-iT.)
temperaturam aiwia 40-iT; temperaturam daiwia 40-iT; bolos midian im daskvnamde, rom
amocanisTvis konkretuli pasuxis gasacemad saWiroa vicodeT, TermometrSi
vercxliswylis donem aiwia Tu daiwia.
maswavlebeli:
Tbilisidan gasulma avtobusma 80 km gaiara. sad imyofeba axla avtobusi?
moswavleebi askvnian, rom Tu maswavlebeli ar daasaxelebs avtobusis moZraobis
mimarTulebas, maSin SeuZlebelia amocanisTvis pasuxis gacema.
maswavlebeli dafaze avlebs wrfes, moniSnavs masze raime wertils da sTxovs erT-erT
moswavles, rom am wertilidan gadazomos 15 santimetris sigrZis
monakveTi.
moswavleebi aqac askvnian, rom Tu maswavlebeli ar dausaxelebs, romeli
mimarTulebiT gadazomos mocemuli sigrZis monakveTi, ise amocanas erTi konkretuli
pasuxiT ver upasuxeben.
maswavlebeli:
maSasadame, Cem mier dasmul kiTxvebze pasuxis gasacemad ar kmara marto ricxvebi, saWiroa agreTve mimarTulebebis dasaxeleba. gavixsenoT pirveli amocana, romelsac ver
gaveciT konkretuli pasuxi. es iyo amocana: `Termometri diliT 100 siTbos aCvenebda.
SuadRisas TermometrSi vercxliswylis done 40-iT Seicvala. ramden graduss
aCvenebda Termometri SuadRisas?~ ra unda daematos amocanis pirobas, raTa misi
amoxsna SevZloT? (vercxliswylis donem aiwia an daiwia). ixilaven aseve danarCeni
amocanebis pirobebsac.
maswavlebeli: rogorc xedavT, sidideebis cvlilebis gasazomad sakmarisi araa Cven
mier aqamde naswavli ricxvebi. swored amitom gaxda aucilebeli dadebiTi da
uaryofiTi ricxvebis Semotana. jer kidev aTasi wlis winaT indoeli maTematikosebi
qonebas dadebiTi ricxvebiT aRniSnavdnen, vals ki uaryofiTi ricxvebiT.
dadebiTi da uaryofiTi ricxvebi gamoiyeneba sidideTa cvlilebis gasazomad. iseTi
sidideebisa, romlebic sapirispiro cvlilebas ganicdian. dadebiTi ricxvebiT
Caiwereba maTi gadideba, xolo uaryofiTi ricxvebiT Semcireba. magaliTad, dadebiTi
ricxvebiT Caiwereba SejibrebaSi mogebuli qulebis raodenoba, Semosavali, bankSi
Setanili fulis raodenoba, skolaSi Semosul moswavleTa raodenoba, mowinaaRmdegis
karSi Seni Tanagundelis mier gatanili goli, temperaturis gadideba da a. S. xolo
cvlileba CamonaTvali sidideebis cvlilebis sapirispirod uaryofiTi ricxvebiT
aRiniSneba. vis SeuZlia aseTi cvlilebebis CamoTvla? (moswavleebi CamoTvlian
sidideTa cvlilebebs, romlebic uaryofiTi ricxvebiT aRiniSneba. magaliTad,
SejibrebaSi wagebuli qulebis raodenoba, gasavali, bankidan gatanili fulis
raodenoba, skolidan gasul moswavleTa raodenoba, mowinaaRmdegis mier Sen karSi
gatanili goli, temperaturis Semcireba da a. S.). amis Semdeg maswavlebeli gakveTils
warmarTavs saxelmZRvanelos teqstis mixedviT.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #1. a)+180 ; b) -4 0 ; g)+160 ; d)-80.
58
#2. -8sm. #3 a) +10000 lari; b) -300 lari; g) +50 lari; d) -80 lari. #4. -2210m da +5090m.
#6. a) +8848 m; b) -11022 m. #7. a) +20 da -35; b) -15.
#8. a) `dinamos~ mier gatanili burTebis raodenoba 16-iT metia mis karSi miRebuli
burTebis raodenobaze.
`Tbilisis~ mier gatanili burTebis raodenoba imdenivea, rac miRebuli.
`lokomotivis~ mier gatanili burTebis raodenoba 2-iT naklebia mis karSi miRebuli
`baTumis~ mier gatanili burTebis raodenoba 2-iT metia, vidre miRebulis.
`torpedos~ mier gatanili burTebis raodenoba 9-iT naklebia mis karSi miRebuli
maswavlebeli meore dRisTvis avalebs moswavleebs muyaos masaliT simboloebis `+~ da
`- damzadebas, romelic wriuli formis da saxeluriani iqneba:
4.2. ricxvTa wrfe

mizani: vaswavloT moswavles mTeli ricxvebis Sesabamisi wertilebis moniSvna
ricxvTa wrfeze da piriqiT.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Semdeg moswavles unda SeeZlos ricxviTi
wrfis ageba, masze mTeli ricxvebis Sesabamisi wertilebis moniSvna da piriqiT.
resursebi: milimetrebiani da santimetrebiani saxazavi, fanqari, `+~ da ` niSnebis
simboloebi.
meToduri komentarebi:
dadebiTi da uaryofiTi ricxvebis cnebis Semotana, bunebrivia, migviyvans ricxviTi
RerZis cnebasTan.
maswavlebeli gakveTils iwyebs ganvlilis ganmtkicebiT, risTvisac gamoiyenebs
moswavleebis mier damzadebul simboloebs. magaliTad, SekiTxvaze: `ra niSniT
aRvniSnavT SeZenil qonebas?~
moswavleebi asweven zeviT `+~ simbolos, xolo
SekiTxvaze, `ra niSniT aRvniSnavT vals?~ moswavleebi asweven zeviT `-~ simbolos.
maswavlebeli amyarebs im azrs, rom radgan arsebobs sidideTa orgvari cvlileba,
iseTi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, temperatura nul gradusze meti da nul gradusze
naklebi, simaRle zRvis doneze meti da zRvis doneze naklebi, moZraoba
urTierTsapirispiro mimarTulebiT, gegmis Sesruleba gegmis zeviT da gegmis qveviT,
fulTan dakavSirebuli mogebis an wagebis operaciebi da a. S., es moiTxovs rogorc
Teoriulad, ise praqtikulad ricxvTa samyaros gafarToebas da amitom iqna
SemoRebuli uaryofiTi ricxvebi.
gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces uaryofiTi ricxvebis im Tvisebas, rom
isini yvelanairad `dapirispirebuli~ arian dadebiT ricxvebTan. amis dasanaxad
yvelaze kargi sqemaa ricxviTi sxivi, romelzec nulis erT mxares ganlagebulia
dadebiTi ricxvebi, xolo meore mxares uaryofiTi ricxvebi.
moswavleebi maswavleblis miTiTebiT avleben wrfes, irCeven erTeulovan
monakveTs (masStabs), irCeven dadebiT mimarTulebas, ganalageben ricxvebs nulis
marjvniv da marcxniv. sxvadasxva cxovrebiseuli amocanebis Semotana aadvilebs
masalis aTvisebas. magaliTad, a) `nika cxovrobs xidis marjvniv, misgan 5 metris
daSorebiT, eka ki marcxniv, xididan imave manZilze~ an/da: b) `TaTia, giorgi da maka
TeatrSi wavidnen. bileTebi erTi rigisa ergoT, magram ara erTad. TaTias adgili
giorgis skamisagan marjvniv mesamea, xolo makas skami giorgis skamisagan marcxniv
meeqvse~. maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs TaTias, giorgis da makas skamebis
ganlagebis sqematurad gamosaxvas. maswavlebeli moswavleebs meore dRisTvis sTxovs
a) ricxviTi wrfis modelis damzadebas muyaos qaRaldisgan. b) erTi mwvane da erTi
wiTeli `wertilis~ (patara wreebi) gamzadebas da motanas.
59
4.3 mopirdapire ricxvebi. ricxvebis Sedareba

mizani: vaswavloT moswavleebs mopirdapire ricxvebi da ricxvebis Sedareba ricxviTi
wrfis mixedviT.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos mopirdapire

ricxvebis amocnoba-dasaxeleba, ricxvebis Sedareba ricxviTi wrfis mixedviT.
resursebi: muyaosagan damzadebuli ricxviTi sxivis modeli, mwvane da wiTeli
`wertilebi~, fanqari, saxazavi.
meToduri komentarebi: romeli xerxiTac ar unda vawarmooT ricxvebis Sedareba,
sakiTxi Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT unda damuSavdes:
dadebTi ricxvebis Sedareba erTmaneTTan;
dadebiTi ricxvebis Sedareba nulTan;
dadebiTi ricxvebis Sedareba uaryofiTTan;
uaryofiTi ricxvebis Sedareba nulTan;
uaryofiTi ricxvebis Sedareba erTmaneTTan.
maswavlebeli gakveTils atarebs wyvilebSi. wyvili sargeblobs erTi ricxviTi wrfiT.
erT moswavles aqvs mwvane `wertili~, meores wiTeli. dasaxelebul uaryofiT ricxvs
moniSnaven ricxviT wrfeze wiTeli `wertiliT~, dadebiTs mwvaniT. wertilebis mdebareoba kargad daanaxvebs maT daSorebas aTvlis saTavidan, rac moswavleebs miscems
saSualebas, advilad Seadaron ricxvebi.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #4. (-4); (5). #8 a) 3; b) 4.
#9. (-5)-sa da (-6)-s Soris. #21. a = 8; 32. #24. a) -3; -2; -1; 0.
4.4. ricxvis moduli

mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs ricxvis modulis geometriuli Sinaarsi.
codna da unarebi: moswavles unda SeeZlos ricxvis modulis gamoTvla.
meToduri komentarebi: masala unda gadaices ricxviTi wrfisa da sxvadasxva
TvalsaCinoebis daxmarebiT (dafasTan demonstrirebiTac da merxze wyvilebSic).

#6. d). #9. a) (-9) da (+9). #12 . a) -2; -1; 0; 1; 2. #16. a) ara; b) diax.
4.5. ricxvebis Sekreba

mizani: vaswavloT moswavles erTnairniSniani ricxvebisa da sxvadasxvaniSniani
ricxvebis Sekreba.
erTnairniSniani ricxvebisa da sxvadasxvaniSniani ricxvebis Sekreba rogorc ricxviTi
wrfis gamoyenebiT, ise zepirad.
meToduri komentarebi: es sakiTxi unda gadaices ara Teoriuli mtkicebiT, aramed
konkretuli amocanebiT, kiTxva-pasuxiT, ricxviTi wrfis gamoyenebiT. aucilebelia
ganxilul iqnes 4 SemTxveva:
roca orive Sesakrebi dadebiTia;
roca orive Sesakrebi uaryofiTia;
roca pirveli Sesakrebi dadebiTia da meore uaryofiTi;
roca pirveli Sesakrebi uaryofiTia da meore dadebiTi.
ricxviT RerZze erTnairniSniani ricxvebis Sekreba ufro advilia, vidre
sxvadasxvaniSnianisa, amitom jer erTnairniSnianebis orive SemTxvevis ganxilva
jobia, Semdeg ki sxvadasxvaniSnianebisa.
60
4.6. ricxvebis gamokleba
mizani: vaswavloT moswavles ricxvebis gamokleba.

codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos ricxvebis
gamokleba rogorc ricxviTi wrfis gamoyenebiT, ise zepirad.
meToduri komentarebi: es sakiTxi iseve, rogorc ricxvebis Sekreba, unda gadaices ara
Teoriuli mtkicebiT, aramed konkretuli amocanebiT, kiTxva-pasuxiT, ricxviTi wrfis
gamoyenebiT. aqac aucilebelia ganxilul iqnes 4 SemTxveva:
dadebiT ricxvs gamoakldes dadebiTi ricxvi;
uaryofiT ricxvs gamoakldes uaryofiTi ricxvi;
dadebiT ricxvs gamoakldes uaryofiTi ricxvi;
uaryofiT ricxvs gamoakldes dadebiTi ricxvi.
moswavlem kargad unda aRiqvas misTvis uCveulo movlena: uaryofiTi ricxvis
gamokleba iwvevs saklebis gadidebas. am faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT ajobebs, rom jer
dadebiTi maklebis SemTxvevebi iqnes ganxiluli, Semdeg ki uaryofiTi.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #7 a) (-60)-iT; b) (+50)-iT; g) (+50)-iT.
#12. a) sxvaoba; b) saklebi; g) sxvaoba. #13. b) -3+1,5+(-4,5)+4=-7,5+5,5=-2. pasuxi: maRaziam
ver miiRo fqvilis gaTvaliswinebuli raodenoba.
4.7. ricxvebis gamravleba da gayofa
mizani: vaswavloT moswavles erTnairniSniani da sxvadasxvanisniani ricxvebis

gamravleba da gayofa.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes ricxvebis
gamravleba-gayofis wesebi da unda SeeZlos maTi gamoyeneba gamoTvlebSi.
saWiro masala: `+~ da `- simboloebi (aqvT ukve damzadebuli, iyenebdnen wina
gakveTilebze).
meToduri komentarebi: maswavlebels SeuZlia gamravleba-gayofis Sedegebis niSnebis
Cveneba moiTxovos adgilidan, simboloebis CvenebiT. es moswavlesac axalisebs da
maswavlebelsac naTlad aCvenebs TiToeuli moswavlis miRweul Sedegs.
#10. 40kv.m-iT. #12. a) 12:10 3 =3,6 (mm); b) -4,5mm. #18. ( 3,2+1,5) 3 = 14,1(km).
#19. (4,5-1,5) 2=6(km). # 21. a) saklebi; b) maklebi. #23. saklebi da maklebi tolia.
sakontrolo wera #5
I varianti (10 qula)

1) dawere: a) 3-is; b) -4-is; g) 0, 5-is mopirdapire ricxvi. (1 qula)
2) Seadare ricxvebi: a) -24 da 12; b)
1
1
da -2 . (1 qula)
2
2
3) Seasrule moqmedebebi: a) -4,3+(-5,7); b) 3,3-5 . (1 qula)

4) a) -4 (-0,03); b) 1,02 : (-0,6). (1 qula)
2 8
6 8
+ ; b) .(1 qula)
13 13
9 9
1 1
1
6) a) 1 2 ;
b) 27 : . (1 qula)
5 2
9
7) -100+60 (-1,5). (1 qula)
14 6
8)
. (1 qula)
40
5) a)
9) dawere yvela is naturaluri da maTi mopirdapire ricxvebi, romelTa moduli

naklebia 4-ze. (2 qula)
II varianti
1) dawere: a) 5-is; b) -2-is; g) 1, 3-is mopirdapire ricxvi.
2) Seadare ricxvebi: a) -40 da 23; b)
1
2
da -3 .
3
3
61
3) Seasrule moqmedebebi: a) -2,6+(-4,4) ; b) 2,3-4 .

4) a) -3 (-0,05); b) 4,2 : (-0,7).
1 3
4 8
+ ; b) .
8 8
11 11
1 1
1
b) 9 : .
6) a) 1 1 ;
3 2
3
7) -10+6 (-1,5).
4 6
8)
.
4
5) a)
9) dawere yvela is naturaluri da maTi mopirdapire ricxvebi, romelTa moduli

naklebia 5-ze.
4.8 koordinatTa sistema

mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs koordinatTa sistema sibrtyeze, SevaswavloT misi
ageba da mocemuli wertilis koordinatebis povna.
sibrtyeze marTkuTxa koordinatTa sistemis ageba da mocemuli wertilis
koordinatebis povna. flobdes saWiro terminologias (abscisa, ordinati,
koordinatebi da a.S.).
saWiro masala: saxazavi.
meToduri komentarebi: koordinatTa sistemis axsna, mizanSewonilia ricxviT
RerZze wertilebis koordinatebis gaxsenebiT daiwyos. yvela moswavlem unda
Seasrulos paragrafSi moyvanili 1 da 2 amocanebis analogiuri amocanebi, xolo
Semdeg maswavleblis xelmZRvanelobiT ujrian furcelze aagos koordinatTa sistema.
mosTxoveT moswavleebs, naxazi saxazaviT akuratulad iyos Sesrulebuli. kargia, Tu
erTeulovani danayofi mozrdili iqneba, magaliTad, ujris 2 gverdi (1 sm.). am wesebis
dacva momavalSi moswavles gauadvilebs koordinatTa sistemasTan muSaobas.
paragrafSi moyvanili meore amocanac wertilis koordinatebis moZebna yvela
moswavlem aucileblad unda Seasrulos klasSi. yuradReba gaamaxvileT wertilis
koordinatebis moZebnaze im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac wertili erT-erT sakoordinato
RerZze mdebareobs.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #2, #3 abscisaTa RerZis marTobuli wrfis
wertilebs toli abscisebi, xolo ordinatTa RerZis marTobuli wrfis wertilebs
toli ordinatebi aqvT. es mniSvnelovani faqtebi moswavlem unda gaigos da
daimaxsovros. dasviT kiTxvebi, raTa moswavleebma TviTon axsnan es faqtebi. am
paragrafSi moyvanili savarjiSoebis umravlesoba koordinatTa sistemis swored am
Tvisebas eZRvneba (savarjiSoebi #2- #7).
#8 sasurvelia, moswavleebis mier Sesrulebuli es savarjiSo Semdeg maswavlebelma
gaarCios, raTa moswavleebi saWiro daskvnebamde miiyvanos (ìs wertilebi, romelTa
abscisa uaryofiTia, xolo ordinati dadebiTi, moTavsebulia meore meoTxedSi~ da a.S.)
pasuxi: (-3;-5). # 12. (4;2).
4.9 wertilis ageba misi koordinatebiT

mizani: SevaswavloT moswavleebs mocemuli koordinatebis mqone wertilis povna.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos wertilis povna misi koordinatebiT,
mravalkuTxedis wveroebis koordinatebis
saSualebiT Sesabamisi mravalkuTxedis ageba.
saWiro masala: saxazavi.
meToduri komentarebi: am paragrafSi gadawyvetilia wina paragrafis Sebrunebuli
amocana wertilis povna misi koordinatebiT. wertilis moZebnis meTodis axsnisas,
sasurvelia, moswavleebs agreTve auxsnaT koordintTa meTodis mniSvneloba, romelic
wertilebs ricxvTa wyvilebiT gamosaxavs. mouyvanoT magaliTebi sxvadasxva sferodan,
sadac koordinatTa meTodi gamoiyeneba (magaliTad, kompiuteris monitorTan
dakavSirebuli koordinatTa sistema).
savarjiSoebi mravalkuTxedis wveroebis saSualebiT mravalkuTxedis agebaze
SeiZleba moswavleTa wyvilebma gaakeTon: erTi moswavle koordinatTa sistemaSi
62
xazavs mravalkuTxeds da poulobs misi wveroebis koordinatebs, Semdeg am

koordinatebs gadascems meore moswavles, romelic koordinatebis saSualebiT agebs
mravalkuTxeds. bolos moswavleebi adareben erTmaneTs TavianT mravalkuTxedebs,
Secdomis SemTxvevaSi eZeben Secdomis mizezs da asworeben mas.

#1. (0,5; 5) #2. (0;3) #3. (-3;0) da (0; -2) #9. a) A, B, N.
#10. meoTxe meoTxedSi. saWiro SemTxvevaSi urCieT moswavles pirvel meoTxedSi
mdebare romelime konkretuli wertilisTvis Seasrulos es savarjiSo.
4.10 simravle
mizani: vaswavloT moswavles simravlesTan dakavSirebuli cnebebi: simravlis
elementi, qvesimravle, toli simravleebi, carieli simravle.
simravlesTan dakavSirebuli terminebisa da simboloebis sworad gamoyeneba.
meToduri komentarebi: am gakveTilze unda moviyvanoT simravleTa magaliTebi
rogorc maTematikidan, ise yofiTi sagnebidan. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda
mieqces qvesimravlis cnebis gaazrebas. saqme isaa, rom qvesimravlis cneba
dakavSirebulia cnebaTa Soris kerZo-zogad (igive saxeoba-gvari) mimarTebasTan.
vTqvaT, mocemulia raime ori A da B cneba. vityviT, rom am cnebebs Soris aris kerZo zogadi mimarTeba, Tu im obieqtebis simravle, romelTac A cneba aerTianebs,
warmoadgens B cnebaSi gaerTianebuli obieqtebis simravlis qvesimravles. magaliTad,
marTkuTxedi - oTxkuTxedi, qali-adamiani, saklaso oTaxi - oTaxi, naturaluri
ricxvi-ricxvi da sxv.
moswavleebs SevTavazoT, TviTon Seadginon analogiuri wyvilebi. davavaloT
Seadginon cnebaTa sameulebi, romlebSic iqneba dalageba kerZodan zogadisaken,
magaliTad, kvadrati-marTkuTxedi-oTxkuTxedi, moswavleTa sasaxle-sasaxle-Senoba,
Tbilisi-dedaqalaqi-qalaqi da a. S. SegviZlia mivceT sityvebi da TviTon daalagon
kerZo-zogadi mimarTebiT.
davavaloT, moifiqron carieli simravlis rogorc yofiTi, ise maTematikuri
magaliTebi.
#16. aviRoT xuTelementiani raime simravle, magaliTad laTinuri asoebi {a, b, c, d , e}

da CamovweroT yvela SesaZlo wyvili. gaviTvaliswinoT, rom wyvilSi Tanmimdevrobas
mniSvneloba ara aqvs. miviRebT 10 orelementian simravles. igive amocana SegviZlia
amovxsnaT Semdegi msjelobiT: xuTi elementidan erTi elementis amorCevis sul xuTi
SesaZleblobaa. Tu erTi elementi ukve avirCieT, maSin asarCevi dagvrCeba oTxidan
erTi elementi, anu gveqneba oTxi SesaZlo varianti, magram radgan amorCeul wyvilTa
Tanmimdevrobas mniSvneloba ara aqvs (anu {a, b} = {b, a} ), amitom orelementian
qvesimravleTa raodenoba iqneba
45
. pasuxi: 10
2
4.11 simravleTa gaerTianeba da TanakveTa

mizani: vaswavloT moswavles moqmedebebi simravleebze.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos operaciebis
Sesruleba simravleebze, simravluri Canawerebis gamoyeneba sxvadasxva situaciebis
aRsawerad.
meToduri komentarebi: am gakveTilze moswavles unda vaswavloT simravleTa
gaerTianeba da TanakveTa. TiToeuls kargad unda esmodes, rom Camoyalibebul wesSi:
òri, A da B simravlis gaerTianeba (jami) ewodeba iseT C simravles, romlis
elementebic ekuTvnian an A simravles, an B simravles~. àn~ ar gamoricxavs romelime
elementebis rogorc A, ise B simravlisTvis mikuTvnebis SesaZleblobas. amis
Sesabamisad SeiZleba magaliTis moyvana.
A = {1; 2;3} ,
B = {2;5} ,
A U B = {1; 2; 3; 5} .
63
yuradReba unda gamaxvildes imazec, rom Tu A B, maSin A U B = B. , agreTve A U A = A.

ori simravlis TanakveTa aris mocemuli simravleebis saerTo elementebis simravle.
aqac aRvniSnavT, rom Tu Tu A B, maSin A I B = A. , agreTve A I A = A.
damatebiTi savarjiSoebi
1. Seasrule gaerTianebisa da TanakveTis operaciebi
a) A = {1;0} da B = {0;1} simravleebze
b) A = {1;0} da B = {0;1} simravleebze
g) A = {1;1} da B = {0;1} simravleebze
2. SesaZlebelia Tu ara toloba: A U B = A I B ? Tu Seni pasuxia `diax~, maSin axseni,

rodisaa SesaZlebeli?

# 3. gaerTianebaa naturalur ricxvTa simravle, xolo TanakveTa carieli simravle.
# 4. 6-is jeradi ricxvebis simravle. # 5. 15-is jeradi ricxvebis simravle.
# 6. TanakveTa aris 6-is jeradi ricxvebis simravle, gaerTianeba ki 3-is jeradi
ricxvebis simravle. # 7. erTaderTi luwi martivi ricxvia 2.
# 8. 60. #9. 6. #10. 11. #11. Tu SevkrebT SavTmianebisa da SavTvalebianTa
raodenobebs, vinc orive simravles ekuTvnis, orjer Seikribeba, amitom saerTo
raodenobis gamoklebis Semdeg miviRebT pasuxs (17+13) -24 = 6. pasuxi: 6.
# 12. a) VII klasis moswavleTa simravle; b) warCinebul vaJTa simravle; g) warCinebul
gogonaTa simravle; d) carieli simravle.
# 13. a) yvela vaJi warCinebulia; b) warCinebuli moswavleebi mxolod vaJebia; g) yvela
gogona warCinebulia; d) warCinebuli moswavleebi mxolod gogonebia; e) yvela gogona
warCinebulia da arc erTi vaJi araa warCinebuli (anu gogonebi da mxolod gogonebi
arian warCinebuli). # 14. a) A C ; b) C A ; g) A B C ; d) B C = .
4.12. xarisxi
mizani: vaswavloT moswavles ricxvis naturalurmaCvenebliani xarisxi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes ricxvis
axarisxeba naturalurmaCveneblian xarisxSi da misi gamoyeneba gamoTvlebisas.
komentarebi: ricxvis naturaluri xarisxis Seswavlisas viyenebT
naturalur ricxvze gamravlebis analogias. kargi iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli ramdenime
ricxvs daaSlevinebs moswavleebs martiv mamravlebad da mere gamoiyenebs daSlis
Casawerad ricxvis naturalur xarisxs. Semdeg ki gaagrZelebs dadebiTi da uaryofiTi
ricxvebis xarisxebis cal-calke ganxilvas, ra Tqma unda, imis mcdelobiT, rom daskvna
moswavlem gamoitanos.
meToduri
komentarebi savarjiSoebis Sesaxeb da pasuxebi:

# 23. a) (21) 2 = 441,
g) (34) 2 = 1156,
( 29 )
= 841.
b) (23) 2 = 529,
(36) 2 = 1296.
(27) 2 = 729.
d) amonaxsni ara aqvs.
#24.
a) 2+2=4
4+2=6
6+2=8
b) 3+3=6
6+3=9
9+3=12
g) 12=1
22=4
32=9
42=16
d) 13=1
23=8
33=27
pasuxi:
momdevnoa 8
momdevnoa 12
momdevnoa
momdevnoa 43=64
5 =25
64
Tavis mimoxilva
#6.
1
a
2
g
3
g
4
g
5
d
6
b
7
a
8
d
9
d
10
d
sakontrolo wera #6
I varianti
1) sakoordinato sibrtyeze aage ABCD marTkuTxedi, Tu cnobilia misi sami
wveros koordinatebi: A(5; 2), B (5;6), C (1;6) .
a) ipove D wertilis koordinatebi;
b) ipove ABCD marTkuTxedis perimetri;
g) ipove AB, BC , CD da AD monakveTebis Suawertilebis koordinatebi.
2) mocemulia oris jeradi ricxvebis simravle da samis jeradi ricxvebis
simravle. ra elementebisagan Sedgeba maTi TanakveTa?
3) gamoTvale: 2
3 7 8 1
+ .
4 10 15 2
2
1 1
+
2 2
1.
4) gamoTvale:
93
II varianti
1) sakoordinato sibrtyeze aage ABCD marTkuTxedi, Tu cnobilia misi sami
wveros koordinatebi: A(6;1), B(6; 4), C (1; 4) .
a) ipove D wertilis koordinatebi;
b) ipove ABCD marTkuTxedis perimetri;
g) ipove AB, BC , CD da AD monakveTebis Suawertilebis koordinatebi.
2) mocemulia 5-is jeradi ricxvebis simravle da samis jeradi ricxvebis
simravle. ra elementebisagan Sedgeba maTi TanakveTa?
3 5 8 2
5 +
4 14 21 7
2
2
1 1
3 3 1
4) gamoTvale:
87
Sefasebis sqema: (12 qula)
1) aago A, B da C wertilebi 1 qula
ipova D wertilis koordinatebi 1 qula
ipova ABCD marTkuTxedis perimetri 2 qula
ipova AB, BC , CD da AD monakveTebis Suawertilebis koordinatebi 2 qula
3) gamoTvale:
2) daaxasiaTa TanakveTis elementebi, gasca swori pasuxi 2 qula

3) gamoTvala gamosaxulebis mniSvneloba 2 qula
4) gamoTvala gamosaxulebis mniSvneloba 2 qula
testi
1
g
2
g
3
d
4
d
5
d
6
a
7
d
8
d
9
d
10
g
11
a
12
b
13
b
65
14
a
15
d
16
g
17
g
18
b
19
a
20
g
21
a
22
g
23
b
24
a
25
d
V Tavi
cvladiani gamosaxuleba
5.1 mimdevrobebi
mizani: magaliTebis meSveobiT SevuqmnaT moswavleebs warmodgena mimdevrobebze,
mimdevrobis struqturaze. gavacnoT moswavleebs mimdevrobis mniSvnelovani kerZo
saxeoba perioduli mimdevrobebi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafSi gadmocemuli masalis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda
SeZlos:
mocemul mimdevrobaSi ipovos mimdevrobis wevri misi nomris mixedviT da
piriqiT;
amoicnos perioduli mimdevroba da gamoyos mimdevrobis periodi;
martiv SemTxvevebSi argumentirebulad ganavrcos mimdevrobis mocemuli
fragmenti (kerZod, periodulad);
gansazRvros sityvierad aRwerili mimdevrobis sawyisi wevrebi da piriqiT.
meToduri komentarebi: paragrafSi moswavle ecnoba maTematikis erT-erT ZiriTad
cnebas mimdevrobas. misi sworad gaazreba metad mniSvnelovania rogorc TavisTavad,
ise Semdegi (kidev ufro abstraqtuli) maTematikuri cnebebis SeswavlisTvis
Sesamzadeblad (simravle, usasrulo simravle, cvladi sidide, funqcionaluri
damokidebuleba).
sasurvelia, gakveTilze ganixiloT paragrafSi moyvanili magaliTebis analogiurebi
(magaliTad, luwi naturaluri ricxvebis mimdevroba da figurebis an ricxvebis raime
perioduli mimdevroba).
mivaqcioT moswavlis yuradReba imas, rom:
mimdevroba gansazRvrulad iTvleba, Tu cnobilia misi yvela wevri da maTi
dalageba arsebiTia;
mimdevrobis mocemuli fragmentis ganvrcoba mravali gziTaa SesaZlebeli.
periodul mimdevrobebze msjelobisas kargi iqneba, Tu moswavleebi SeZleben
realuri perioduli movlenebis dasaxelebas (weliwadis droebis, kviris dReebis,
mTvaris fazebis, saaTis Cvenebebis da a. S.).

#1. a) -8; -22; b) ricxvi 42 ar aris am mimdevrobis wevri; -63 da -32 ki aris; g) 46-e; d) 22-s;
e) me-19 wevri, romelic (-19)-is tolia.
#2. a) 20-s; 42-s; b) ricxvi 62 aris am mimdevrobis 31-e wevri; ricxvi 63 ar aris am
mimdevrobis wevri; g) 23-e; d) 41-s; e) 42.
#3. a) 4-is; 4-is; 10-is; b) 23-e da 24-e; g) 10 da 11.
#4. b) 3-is; 5-is; 7-is; g) 28-e, 29-e da 30-e; d) 7 da 7; e) pirveli orniSna wevria
ricxvi 10, misi nomeria 28; v) mimdevrobis meormoce wevria 14, mease wevri 34 . TiToeuli
maTgani orniSna ricxvia.
#5. martivi ricxvebis mimdevrobis pirveli aTi wevria: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11,13, 17, 19, 23, 29.
a) 1 ar aris martivi ricxvi; 13 da 37 aris; 21 ar aris;
b) martiv ricxv 29-is nomeri am mimdevrobaSi aris 10;
g) 43 da 53; d) 3 (esenia 41, 43 da 47).
1 2 3 4 5 6
, , , , , , ...
2 3 4 5 6 7
#7. g) 25, 49 ...
z)
#6.
#8. *c, d, c, d, c, d, c, d, ...;
*c, d, c, c, d, c, c, d, c, c, d, c, ...
#9. *1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, ...; *1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1,. .

#10. mimdevrobis periodi Sedgeba 24 60 = 1440 wevrisagan.
#11. mimdevroba periodulia, mas SviddRiani periodi aqvs: orSabaTi, xuTSabaTi,
kvira, oTxSabaTi, SabaTi, samSabaTi, paraskevi.
#12. a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 1, ... b) 2-s; 2-s; 4-s; g) mimdevroba periodulia;
d) mimdevrobis periodi eqvsi ricxvisgan Sedgeba: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0.
66
5.2 ariTmetikuli progresia
mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs mudmivi nazrdis mqone ricxviTi mimdevroba

ariTmetikuli progresia da im realuri procesebis magaliTebi, romlebic amgvari
mimdevrobiT aRiwereba.
codna da unarebi: paragrafSi gadmocemuli masalis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavle
SeZlebs:
amoicnos ariTmetikuli progresia da ipovos misi sxvaoba;
ganavrcos ariTmetikuli progresiis mocemuli fragmenti;
gansazRvros ariTmetikuli progresiis wevrebi mocemuli ori wevris an wevrisa da
progresiis sxvaobis saSualebiT.
meToduri komentarebi: mudmivi nazrdis mqone mimdevrobebis Seswavla mniSvnelovania
zogadad mimdevrobis cnebis gaazrebis donis gasaRrmaveblad, aseve SemdegSi cvladi
sididis, funqcionaluri damokidebulebis, kerZod, pirdapirproporciulobis cnebebis warmatebulad aTvisebisaTvis.
# 1.
#2. a) 5, 25
a)
b)
9,1 8,8 8,5 8,2 7,9 7,6 7,3 ;
g)
d)
7,5 6
10
13
16
10
19
12
4,5 3
22 ;
14
16 ;
1,5 0
-1,5 ;
= 5 ; b) 5, 25 + 3 3, 75 = 16,5 ; g) 5, 25 2 = 5 ;
6
12
12
12
d) 5, 25 + 3
3
= 7,5 .
4
#3.
25;
ara. 6 dartymis Semdeg lursmans Tavi amoyofili eqneba 150 6 6 = 114 milimetriT,
meSvide dartymis Semdeg ki 108 milimetriT.
amocana 4. ariTmetikuli progresiis mease wevri 2-is tolia. ipove:
4
1
a) 1 ;
b) 5;
g) 1 ;
d) 7.
amocana 5.
#6.
a) 2; 12;
# 7.
a) 6; -14;
#8. a) 16;
a)
11
14
17
20
b)
10
-2
-5
-8
g)
-0,1
0,8
1,7
2,6
3,5
4,4
5,3 ;
d)
-1
-4
-7
-10 ;
e)
9,1
7,1
5,1
3,1
1,1
-0,9
-2,9 ;
v)
3,5
b) -3; -1;
b) -6;
b) -3; 11;
g) -1;
1
3
g) -0,6; 4,9;
d)
g) 0,1; -3,9;
d) -0,3.
1
; 4 ;
5
.
6
e) 5; -58.
6
3
d) -0,75; -0,5.
amocana 9.
67
2
3
3,5.
#10. ricxvi 9 aris progresiis a) me-4 wevri; b) me-3 wevri;

g) ar aris;
d) ricxvi 9 aris progresiis me-7 wevri.
#11. am progresiis eqvsi sawyisi wevri uaryofiTia. progresiis pirveli dadebiTi

wevria meSvide wevri, romelic 1-is tolia.
#12. 7dadebiTi wevria; -2 aris I uaryofiTi wevri. amocana 13. 3 Tvis Semdeg.
#14. vTqvaT, ariTmetikuli progresiis sxvaobaa d, xolo x am progresiis erT-erTi
wevria. maSin am wevris mezobeli wevrebi iqneba x-d da x+d, maTi jamis naxevari ki iqneba
(x - d ) + (x + d )
, anu
2
x-is toli.
winadadebis WeSmaritebaSi moswavlis darwmuneba
umjobesia daviwyoT konkretuli progresiebis magaliTebis ganxilviT.

amocana 15. radgan periodi ori wevrisagan Sedgeba, am mimdevrobis mesame wevri
pirvelis, xolo meore wevri meoTxis toli unda iyos:
2
...
5.3 cvladi sidideebi

mizani: gavacnoT moswavleebs cxrilebisa da formulebis saSualebiT mocemuli
cvladi sidideebi. vaswavloT cvladi sidideebis mniSvnelobebis gamoTvla.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles SeuZlia ipovos cxriliT an formuliT mocemuli cvladis mniSvneloba. amocanis Sinaarsidan gamomdinare
gamoarCios cvladis SesaZlo mniSvnelobebs Soris dasaSvebi mniSvnelobani, or cvlads
Soris formuliT mocemuli damokidebuleba Caweros cxrilis saxiT.
meToduri komentarebi: cvladebs propedevtikuli mizniT wina paragrafebSic
viyenebdiT, amocanebis amoxsnisas an ricxvebis Tvisebebis aRsawerad. amjerad xdeba am
cnebis gansazRvra da iwyeba misi sistematuri gamoyeneba.
cvladebis Semotanis ramdenime gza arsebobs. Cven varCieT, dagvewyo cvladis,
rogorc monacemebis aRmwer cxrilTan dakavSirebuli obieqtis gansazRvriT. am
konteqstSi cvladi moiazreba, rogorc cxrilis romelime striqonis (an svetis)
saxeli. am gzis arCevisas gaviTvaliswineT, rom am droisTvis moswavles ukve aqvs
dagrovili cxrilTan muSaobis sakmao gamocdileba, rac mas saSualebas aZlevs,
cxrilis gamoyenebiT TvalsaCinod amoxsnas cvladTan dakavSirebuli ZiriTadi
amocanebi, maT Soris, cvladis mniSvnelobebis povna.
cvladis dasaSvebi mniSvnelobis cnebis axsnisas maswavlebelma xazi unda gausvas,
rom dasaSvebi mniSvnelobebis dadgena amocanis Sinaarsidan gamomdinare xdeba,
magaliTad Tu n saklaso oTaxSi amJamad myof moswavleTa raodenobas aRniSnavs, maSin
mas ar SeuZlia uaryofiTi an aramTeli mniSvnelobebis miReba.
formulis, rogorc or cvlads Soris damokidebulebis aRmweri gamosaxulebis,
Semotana agreTve cxrilis daxmarebiT xdeba. formula cvladebiT dasaTaurebuli
cxrilis striqonebis (an svetebis) damakavSirebeli kanonzomierebaa. amave dros
maswavlebelma xazi unda gausvas, rom amocanis Sinaarsidan gamomdinare, cvladma
SeiZleba miiRos is mniSvnelobebic, romelic cxrilSi ar aris mocemuli. am
TvalsazrisiT sasargebloa paragrafSi mocemuli dedamiwis mosaxleobis zrdis
amsaxveli cxrilis garCeva. miT umetes, rom am cxrilis safuZvelze Semdeg paragrafSi
aigeba Sesabamisi grafiki.

#1 amocanis garCevisas wamoiWreba kiTxva: aris Tu ara m cvladis dasaSvebi mniSvneloba 1000, anu arsebobs Tu ara qarTuli sityva, romelSic 1000 asoa? dasviT SekiTxva:
rogor gavigoT, romeli ricxvia m cvladis dasaSveb mniSvnelobebs Soris udidesi?
SesTavazeT moswavleebs, moifiqron da Semdeg gakveTilze warmoadginon rac SeiZleba
grZeli qarTuli sityva. Semdeg gakveTilze klasTan erTad SeajereT moswavleTa
Sedegebi.
#4 a) v = 5 , b) v = 12 .
#3 g) y = x + 3 .
#5 b) amocanis amoxsna daiyvaneba 2 x =
2
gantolebis amoxsnamde, romelic moswavlem
3
68
1
3
SeiZleba amoxsnas ucnobi maklebis moZebnis wesiT. pasuxi: x = 1 .

#6
b) amocanis amoxsna daiyvaneba 3 v = 18,3 gantolebis amoxsnamde, romelic
moswavlem SeiZleba amoxsnas ucnobi mamravlis moZebnis wesis gamoyenebiT. pasuxi:
v = 6,1 .
2
3
#7 a) 1da 2/3 SeiZleba, 7da -1ar SeiZleba; b) a = 3 , g) b = 2,5 , e) b = 5 a .
5.4 grafiki
mizani: SevaswavloT moswavleebs cvladebs Soris cxriliT an formuliT mocemuli
damokidebulebis grafikis ageba. grafikis saSualebiT cvladis mniSvnelobis povna.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavle acnobierebs kavSirs
wertilovan diagramas, xazovan diagramasa da grafiks Soris, mas SeuZlia aagos
cxriliT mocemuli damokidebulebis Sesabamisi wertilovani da xazovani diagrama,
xolo formuliT
mocemuli damokidebulebis SemTxvevaSi xazovani diagrama,
romelic damokidebulebis Sesabamisi grafikis miaxloebas warmoadgens.
gamoyenebuli resursebi: saxazavi.
meToduri komentarebi: moswavleebSi grafikis agebisa da wakiTxvis unaris
gamomuSavebas saskolo maTematikis kursSi udidesi yuradReba eTmoba. amitom es
paragrafi erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesia saxelmZRvaneloSi. Cven varCieT, grafikis
ageba dagvekavSirebina moswavlisaTvis ukve nacnob obieqtTan diagramasTan. aqedan
gamomdinare, grafikis agebis etapebia: 1) cxrilis Sedgena, 2) wertilovani diagramis
ageba, 3) wertilovani diagramidan xazovani diagramis miReba, romelsac asagebi
grafikis miaxloebiT gamosaxulebad vTvliT, 4) xazovani diagramis analizi, rac
zogierT SemTxvevaSi (magaliTad, rodesac cvladebi wrfivad damokidebulia)
grafikis dazustebis saSualebas gvaZlevs. am paragrafis mTavari mizania, moswavlem
aiTvisos TiToeuli es etapi. miaqcieT yuradReba, rom davalebis Sesrulebisas
dafiqsirebuli iyos pirveli sami etapi, xolo wrfivi damokidebulebis SemTxvevaSi
meoTxec. masalis axsnisas xazi gausviT im garemoebas, rom xazovani diagrama miT ufro
axloa `namdvil~ grafikTan, rac ufro axloa ganlagebuli erTmaneTTan misi kvanZebi.
TvalsaCinod daanaxveT es faqti grafikis agebisas.
grafikis wakiTxvis aTviseba moswavlem umjobesia grafikis agebis Semdeg daiwyos,
rac mas grafikis ukeTesad gagebis saSualebas miscems. kerZod, mis gankargulebaSi
iqneba cxrili, romelic mis mier napovni mniSvnelobebis Semowmebis saSualebas
miscems.
grafikis agebis nimuSad SeuZliaT gamoiyenon am paragrafSi moyvanili dedamiwis
mosaxleobis zrdis grafiki. jgufur davalebad moswavleebs SeiZleba misceT raime
praqtikul amocanasTan dakavSirebuli grafikis ageba, magaliTad, aagon Tqvens
skolaSi moswavleebis asaksa da maT raodenobas Soris damokidebulebis grafiki.

#2 amocanis amosaxsnelad sakmarisia moswavlem miaxloebiT (uaxloes danayofamde
sizustiT) miuTiTos cvladis saZiebeli mniSvnelobebi, magram amocanis klasSi
garCevisas moswavleTa yuradReba miaqcieT im faqts, rom saZiebeli mniSvnelobebi
ufro didi sizustiT SegviZlia vipovoT, Tu grafikis Sesabamisi wertilebis
mdebareobas ukeTesad SevafasebT. magaliTad, y (0) 3, 25 .
amocanis bolo SekiTxvasTan dakavSirebiT maswavlebelma unda miuTiTos, rom rac
ufro mcirea damokidebuli cvladis mniSvneloba, miT ufro dabla mdebareobs am
mniSvnelobis Sesabamisi wertili diagramaze.
#3 pasuxi: y 1,8 . mosalodnelia, rom moswavleebi xazovani diagramis agebisas
uzustobas dauSveben da Sedegad sxva mniSvnelobas miiReben. gaamaxvileT moswavleTa
yuradReba diagramebisa da grafikebis zustad agebis mniSvnelobaze.
#4 Z 2, 25 , Z 0 .
#5 b) 12 , g) 0,5 , 6,5 , 8 , e) 3,5 ar aris n cvladis dasaSvebi mniSvneloba. v) A = 0,5n .
#6 S = 400 80t .
#7 miaqcieT moswavleTa yuradReba im garemoebas, rom agebuli diagramis wertilebi
69
koordinatTa saTaveze gamaval wrfeze mdebareobs.

#8 g) es amocana maswavlebels saSualebas aZlevs, kidev erTxel Seaxsenos moswavleebs
diagramis zustad agebis mniSvneloba.
#9 es amocana saSualebas aZlevs moswavles, daadginos grafikis saSualebiT mocemuli
cvladi sididis Tvisebebi. sasurvelia, am amocanaze klasma erToblivad imsjelos,
Seafasos moswavleebis mier moyvanili prognozebi da maTi argumentebi. miaqcieT
yuradReba im faqts, rom moswavles bolo SekiTxvebze sapasuxod garkveuli
eqstrapolaciis gakeTeba dasWirdeba.
5.5 pirdapirproporciuloba
mizani: movuyvanoT moswavles cvladebs Soris pirdapirproporciuli damokidebulebis magaliTebi praqtikidan, SevaswavloT pirdapirproporciuli damokidebulebis Tvisebebi da misi grafikis ageba.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles SeuZlia cxriliT,
formuliT an grafikiT mocemul an praqtikul amocanebSi monawile sidideebs Soris
gamoarCios
erTmaneTze
pirdapirproporciulad
damokidebuli
sidideebi,
warmoadginos pirdapirproporciul cvladebs Soris damokidebuleba cxrilis,
formulis an grafikis saSualebiT.
gamoyenebuli resursebi: saxazavi.
meToduri komentarebi: pirdapirproporciul damokidebulebas sidideebs Soris
am saxelmZRvaneloSi ukve SevexeT (ix. paragrafi 4.6). amjerad am damokidebulebas
ganvixilavT, rogorc wina sam paragrafSi Seswavlil cvladebs Soris damokidebulebis
mniSvnelovan kerZo SemTxvevas. am paragrafis mizania, pirdapirproporciuli
damokidebulebisTvis daakonkretos cvladebTan dakavSirebuli cnebebi da Tvisebebi.
gakveTilis axsnis dawyeba mizanSewonilia pirdapirproporciuli sidideebis
Tvisebebis gameorebiT, rac axal masalaze bunebrivad gadasvlis saSualebas iZleva.
masalis axsnis Semdeg SegiZliaT dasvaT kiTxvebi: ra kavSiria proporciasa da
pirdapirproporciul cvladebs Soris? ratom hqvia pirdapirproporciuli
cvladebis Sefardebas proporciulobis koeficienti? da a.S., raTa ganamtkicoT
kavSiri adre naswavl masalasTan.
arsebiTia, rom paragrafSi gadmocemuli masalis aTvisebis Sedegad moswavles
SeeZlos pirdapirproporciuli damokidebulebis dadgena Seswavlil praqtikuli
xasiaTis ZiriTad amocanebSi, kerZod, cvladebs Soris damokidebuleba jgufebSi:
moZraobis siCqare moZraobis dro gavlili manZili; saqonlis fasi saqonlis
raodenoba nayidi saqonlis Rirebuleba; samuSaos Sesrulebis siCqare samuSaos
Sesrulebis dro Sesrulebuli samuSaos raodenoba. amasTan mas unda SeeZlos
cvladebs Soris arapirdapirproporciuli damokidebulebis magaliTebis moyvanac
praqtikuli amocanebidan.

#1 pirdapirproporciulad damokidebuli sidideebi moyvanilia b), d), e) punqtebSi.
#2 proporciulobis koeficientia -1,2.
5
3
#3 mniSvneloba 1 unda Seicvalos 3 -iT. #4 L = k .
#5 g) x =
5
z.
2
#7 g) s = 0,5t .
#8 pirdapirproporciulia g) punqtSi mocemuli damokidebuleba.

#9 es praqtikuli xasiaTis savarjiSo moicavs wina sam paragrafSi Seswavlil masalas
da amitom aucileblad unda Sesruldes. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces
amocanis Sinaarsidan gamomdinare cvladebis dasaSvebi mniSvnelobebis dadgenas da
damokidebulebis grafikis agebas, romelsac amjerad wertilovani diagramis saxe aqvs.
pasuxebi: b) 11 fanqarSi gadaixdis 2, 75 lars, 3 larad iyidis 12 fanqars. g) proporciulobis koeficientia 0, 25 igi emTxveva fanqris larebSi gamosaxul Rirebulebas.
d) L = 0, 25n . e) amocanis Sinaarsidan gamomdinare n cvladis dasaSvebi mniSvnelobebi
arauaryofiTi mTeli ricxvebia. v) amocanis Sinaarsidan gamomdinare L cvladis dasaSvebi mniSvnelobebi 0, 25 -is jeradi arauaryofiTi ricxvebia. z) ix. punqti e).
T) L cvladis n cvladze damokidebulebis grafiki wertilovani grafikia! igi Seicavs
mxolod im wertilebs, romlebic n cvladis dasaSveb, e. i. mTel arauaryofiT
70
mniSvnelobebs Seesabameba.
5.6 cvladiani gamosaxuleba

mizani: ganvumartoT moswavleebs cvladiani gamosaxuleba da SevaswavloT
cvladiani gamosaxulebis mniSvnelobis gamoTvla.
praqtikul amocanebTan dakavSirebuli martivi cvladiani gamosaxulebis Sedgena,
cvladiani gamosaxulebis mniSvnelobis gamoTvla da cvladis im mniSvnelobebis
dadgena, romlisTvisac cvladian gamosaxulebas azri ara aqvs.
meToduri komentarebi: cvladian gamosaxulebebs da maT Semcvel formulebs am
saxelmZRvaneloSi ukve viyenebdiT. kerZod, maTi saSualebiT aRvwereT proporciis
Tvisebebi da moZraobis formulebi. amitom moswavles ukve aqvs cvladian
gamosaxulebasTan muSaobis garkveuli gamocdileba. mocemuli paragrafis mizania,
moswavles zogadi warmodgena Seuqmnas cvladian gamosaxulebaze da Seaswavlos
amocanaSi sityvebiT aRwerili sidideebis Cawera cvladiani gamosaxulebis saxiT.
gakveTilis axsnisas mizanSewonilia yuradReba gamaxvildes Semdeg momentebze:
amocanasTan dakavSirebuli cvladiani gamosaxulebis Sedgenisas erTnairi
tipis obieqtebi erTi da imave cvladiT aRiniSneba, xolo gansxvavebuli
obieqtebi gansxvavebuli cvladebiT.
cvladis Semcveli gamosaxulebisTvis cvladis dasaSvebi mniSveneloba da
cvladis is mniSvneloba, romlisTvisac gamosaxulebas azri ara aqvs,
gansxvavebuli cnebebia, magaliTad, paragrafSi ganxilul gamosaxulebas
35m + 45n azri aqvs m da n cvladebis yvela mniSvnelobisTvis, radgan
yovelTvis miiReba ricxviTi gamosaxuleba, meore mxriv, radgan m da n
cvladebi fotoaparatebis raodenobas aRniSnavs, maTi dasaSvebi mniSvnelobani
SeiZleba mxolod arauaryofiTi mTeli ricxvebi iyos.

#1 am tipis savarjiSoebis Sesruleba gaadvildeba, Tu savarjiSoSi mocemul cxrils
davamatebT erT an ramdenime striqons, sadac gamoTvlis Sualedur Sedegebs SevitanT.
igive SeniSvna exeba #2 savarjiSosac.
#4 savarjiSos Sesrulebis Semdeg SegiZliaT moswavleebs dausvaT kiTxva: ratom aris
SesaZlebeli am savarjiSoSi mocemuli cxrilis Sevseba sxvadasxvanairad, maSin,
rodesac #3 savarjiSoSi mocemuli cxrili mxolod erTnairad SeiZleba Seivsos?
#5 am da momdevno savarjiSoebis Sesrulebamde moswavleebs SeaxseneT, rom ricxviTi
gamosaxuleba ar SeiZleba Seicavdes nulze gayofas. pasuxi: x = 2 -Tvis.
#7 SeecadeT, moswavleebi TviTon mividnen im daskvnamde, rom SesaZlebelia aseTi
Tvisebis mqone wyvilebis nebismieri raodenobis mogoneba.
#8 damatebiTi davalebis saxiT moswavleebs SeiZleba misceT savarjiSo: ipovon L
cvladis yvela dasaSvebi mniSvneloba, rodesac L 20 .
#10 amocanis amosaxsnelad, urCieT, Seadginon cxrili x da y cvladebis im mniSvnelobebisgan, romlebisTvisac gamosaxulebas azri ara aqvs. cxrilze dakvirvebis
Sedegad moswavleebi advilad mivlen daskvnamde, rom x da y mopirdapire ricxvebi
unda iyos.
#11 SeaxseneT moswavleebs, rodis aris ori ricxvis namravli nulis toli.
5.7 toli gamosaxulebebi
mizani: igivurad toli cvladiani gamosaxulebebis ganmarteba, gamosaxulebaTa
tolobis Tvisebebis axsna, igiveobebis damtkiceba algebris kanonebis gamoyenebiT.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Semdeg moswavlem unda icodes cvladiani
gamosaxulebebis tolobis cneba, tolobebis ZiriTadi Tvisebebi, algebris ZiriTadi
igiveobebi. SeeZlos martivi igiveobebis damtkiceba.
meToduri komentarebi: cvladiani gamosaxulebebis igivurad tolobis cnebis axsna
mizanSewonilia daiwyos ufro farTo cnebis garkveul simravleze gamosaxulebebis
tolobis cnebis SemotaniT. am cnebis axsna martivad SeiZleba cxriliT mocemuli
cvladiani gamosaxulebebisTvis, romelTa mniSvnelobebi cxrilis striqonebs an
svetebs warmoadgenen. gamosaxulebebis toloba am SemTxvevaSi daiyvaneba cxrilis
Sesabamisi striqonebis (an svetebis) tolobis Semowmebaze da moswavlisTvis advili
71
gasagebia. moswavlisaTvis aseve TvalsaCino xdeba, rom gamosaxulebis aratolobis

saCveneblad sakmarisia miuTiTos cvladebis erTi mniSvneloba, rodesac
gamosaxulebaTa mniSvnelobebi erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebulia.
igiveobebis damtkiceba algebris ZiriTadi igiveobebisa da tolobis Tvisebebis
gamoyenebiT, romlis umartivesi magaliTebi am paragrafSia moyvanili, cxadia, ar
SeiZleba erT an or gakveTilSi moeswros. am Temaze muSaoba unda gagrZeldes
maTematikis mTeli kursis ganmavlobaSi.

#1 moswavles moeTxoveba, miuTiTos cvladebis TiTo-TiTo mniSvneloba,
romlebisTvisac es gamosaxulebebi erTmaneTis tolia da erTmaneTisgan
gansxvavdebian.
#2 x = 1 . dasaSvebia cvladis saZiebeli mniSvnelobis povna SerCeviT.
#3 sasrul simravleze gamosaxulebebis tolobis dasamtkiceblad sasargebloa
cxrilis gamoyeneba, romelSic Setanilia gamosaxulebebis mniSvnelobebi am
simravleze, magaliTad:
z
z +1
z2 + 1
0 1
1 2
1 2
gamosaxulebebis tolobis Sesamowmeblad sakmarisia erTmaneTs SevadaroT cxrilis

meore da mesame striqoni.
#4 a = 1 . amocana SeiZleba amoixsnas cvladis saZiebeli mniSvnelobis SerCeviT.
#5 aseTi gamosaxulebebis magaliTia x + 1 da 2 x 2 .
#6 aseTi gamosaxulebebia, magaliTad, 2u + v da u + 2v .
savarjiSoebi #8-#10 gaTvaliswinebulia algebris ZiriTadi tolobebis gamoyenebaze.
#12 2 x da 3x gamosaxulebebi pirdapirproporciulia, amitom Sesabamisi wertilebi
moTavsdeba koordinatTa saTaveze gamaval wrfeze. moswavlem am gamosaxulebebis
pirdapirproporciuloba SeiZleba SeamCnios maTi mniSvnelobebisagan Semdgar
cxrilze dakvirvebiT an daasabuTos msjelobiT. #13. a =1, a =-1.
5.8 gamosaxulebaTa gardaqmna
mizani: avxsnaT gamosaxulebaTa igivuri gardaqmnis xerxebi: erTwevrSi
koeficientis gamoyofa, msgavsi wevrebis dajgufeba da SeerTeba, SesakrebTa
gabaTileba.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles SeuZlia gamosaxulebebis gamartiveba zemoT moyvanili xerxebis gamoyenebiT.
meToduri komentarebi: algebrul gamosaxulebaTa gardaqmnis meTodebis
daufleba maTematikis saskolo kursis erT-erTi umTavresi mizania. am unaris
gamomuSaveba momaval klasebSic gagrZeldeba. mocemuli paragrafis mizania
moswavleSi gamosaxulebebTan muSaobis Cvevebis Camoyalibeba.
saWiroa, moswavle darwmundes am meTodis mniSvnelobaSi. saxelmZRvaneloSi es
ganxorcielebulia gamosaxulebebis mniSvnelobis gamoTvliT (amocana 1). cxadia,
gamartivebuli gamosaxulebis mniSvnelobis gamoTvla gacilebiT advilia. kidev ufro
didia es gansxvaveba maSin, rodesac saWiroa gamosaxulebis mniSvnelobebis gamoTvla
cvladis mravali mniSvnelobisTvis, magaliTad, grafikis agebisas. Tu dro amis
saSualebas iZleva, sTxoveT klasis erT nawils, Seadginos gaumartivebeli
gamosaxulebis mniSvnelobaTa cxrili, xolo meore nawilma jer gaamartivos
gamosaxuleba, xolo Semdeg daiwyos cxrilis Sedgena. gamosaxulebis gamartivebisas
mosTxoveT moswavleebs, daicvan saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanili sqema.
gamosaxulebebis
gamartiveba
am
paragrafSi
gamoyenebulia
igiveobis
damtkicebisTvisac (amocana 4). miaqcieT moswavleebis yuradReba am meTods (ixile #9
savarjiSos komentari).

paragrafSi mocemuli savarjiSoebis didi nawili teqnikuri xasiaTisaa da
moswavleSi gamosaxulebebis gardaqmnisa da gamartivebis unaris gamomuSavebisken
aris mimarTuli. aseTia savarjiSoebi #1- #7. maTze muSaobisas mizanSewonilia
72
moswavlem ganuxrelad daicvas saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanili gamosaxulebis

gamartivebis sqema.
#8. am savarjiSoebis Sesrulebisas moswavles ar vTxovT Semoklebuli gamravlebis
formulebis gamoyenebas, man unda gamoiyenos gamosaxulebebis gardaqmnis is meTodebi,
romelsac am paragrafSi daeufla.
#9. savarjiSos Sesrulebamde magaliTze axseniT igiveobaTa damtkicebis sqema: 1) erTerTi an orive gamosaxulebis gamartiveba, 2) gamosaxulebaTa tolobis dawera da
Semdgomi gamartiveba
tolobebis Tvisebebis gamoyenebiT, 3) miRebuli martivi
tolobis Semowmeba.
#10. a) 30 , 180 ; b) t = 3 an t = 9 , d) = 30t , cxadia, rodesac 6 < t 12 , es formula ar
aris marTebuli. daavaleT moswavleebs, t cvladis am mniSvnelobebisTvis moifiqron
Sesabamisi formula.
5.9 gantoleba
mizani: gavacnoT moswavles gantolebisa da gantolebis amonaxsnis cnebebi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes, romeli
tolobaa gantoleba, ra aris gantolebis amonaxsni, unda SeeZlos mocemuli ricxvebidan gantolebis amonaxsnis SerCeva da Semowmeba.
meToduri komentarebi: maswavlebeli gantolebis cnebis Semotanas iwyebs problemis
dasmiT, bavSvebis dainteresebiTa da maTi aqtiurobiT. unda auxsnas, rom algebra
maTematikuri enaa da yvela enas aqvs kiTxviTi winadadeba. arsebobs Tu ara kiTxviTi
winadadeba algebraSi? diax, arsebobs. magaliTad, vsvamT kiTxvas: 5-is damatebiT ra
ricxvi gasammagdeba? sityvebiT gadmocemuli es kiTxva SegviZlia davweroT
?+ 5 = 3 ? tolobis saxiT, sadac niSani `?~ aRniSnavs ucnob ricxvs, romelic
SegviZlia avRniSnoT raime asoTi, magaliTad x -iT. maSin toloba aseTi saxiT
Caiwereba: x + 5 = 3 x .
mivaqcioT yuradReba miRebul tolobas. CavsvaT mis mis marjvena da marcxena
nawilebSi ucnobi sididis ramdenime mniSvneloba, magaliTad, 0, 1, 2. arc erT
SemTxvevaSi ar miiReba erTi da igive ricxviTi mniSvneloba. ismis kiTxva: saerTod
arsebobs ucnobi sididis aseTi mniSvneloba? amis Semdeg maswavlebels SeuZlia
Semoitanos gansazRvreba.
teqsturi amocanebi Semotanilia kiTxviTi winadadebis saxiT. Tu am kiTxvas
gamovsaxavT algebruli formiT, anu tolobis saxiT, miviRebT gantolebas.
amis Semdeg ganixileba saxelmZRvanelos teqstis amocana 1.

#10 a) ara, b) diax, g) ara. #11 a) ara, b) diax, g) ara.
5.10 wrfiv gantolebaTa amoxsna

mizani: vaswavloT moswavles wrfivi gantolebis amoxsnis xerxebi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavlem unda icodes gantolebis
amoxsnis xerxebi da unda SeeZlos maTi gamoyeneba gantolebis amoxsnisas.
meToduri
komentarebi:
maswavlebeli
moswavleebs
Seaxsenebs
sxvadasxva
ariTmetikuli moqmedebis ucnobi komponentis povnis wesebs da am wesebs algebrulad
ase Caawerinebs:
1) Tu a + b = c , maSin a = c b, b = c a;
2) Tu a b = d , maSin a = b + d , b = a d ;
3) Tu ab = c, maSin a = c : b, b = c : a;
4) Tu a : b = d , maSin a = bd , b = a : d .
amis Semdeg sTavazobs martiv gantolebebs am wesebis gamoyenebiT. magaliTad, Tu
2 x = 20, maSin x = 10 da a. S. ramdenime aseTi gantolebis amoxsnis Semdeg xsnian
gantolebebs saxelmZRvanelos teqstis mixedviT, rac eyrdnoba tolobis Semdeg
Tvisebebs:
1. Tu a = b, maSin a + c = b + c;
2. Tu a = b, maSin a c = b c;
73
3. Tu a = b, maSin ac = bc;
4. Tu a = b da c 0, maSin
a b
= .
c c
5.11 amocanis amoxsnis algebruli meTodi

mizani: vaswavloT moswavles amocanis verbaluri (sityvieri) da algebruli modelis
(gantolebis) Sedgena da am modelis saSualebiT amocanis amoxsna.
paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos
gantolebis Sedgena amocanis pirobebis mixedviT, misi amoxsna da Sesabamisi pasuxis
Cawera.
meToduri komentarebi: gakveTilze yuradReba unda gamaxvildes amocanis amoxsnis
verbaluri
da algebruli modelis Sedgenaze. moswavleebma unda gaiazron
algebruli meTodis upiratesoba. aucilebelia yoveli amocanis amoxsnisas daicvan
safexurebis Tanmimdevroba.
codna da unarebi:
#1. x + 2 x = 30; x = 10; 2 x = 20. pasuxi: erT bidonSi 20l, meoreSi 10l.
#3. x + x + 2 = 22; x = 10. x + 2 = 12. erT maRaziaSi 12, meoreSi 10 yuTi.
#5. x (64 + 100 38) = 136; x = 262 . pasuxi: diliT maRaziaSi iyo 138 kg fqvili.
#7. 2(a + 5a) = 48; a = 4; 5a = 20 . pasuxi: 4sm; 20sm.
#17. vTqvaT, nana aris x wlis, maSin nato iqneba ( x +4) wlis. 2 wlis Semdeg nana
iqneba ( x +2) wlis, xolo nato ( x +6) wlis. amocanis pirobiT vwerT gantolebas:
x +6=2(2+ x ), saidanac x =2, x +4=6. pasuxi: nana 2 wlisaa, nato 6 wlis.
#19. vTqvaT, firma SeTanxmebiT erT dReSi amzadebda x nawarms, 10 dReSi SeTanxmebiT unda gaemzadebina10 x nawarmi. sinamdvileSi firma dReSi amzadebda ( x +27)
nawarms da gaamzada 7( x +27) nawarmi, rac SeTanxmebul raodenobaze 54-iT metia.
vwerT gantolebas: 7( x +27) - 10 x = 54; saidanac x =45;
45+27=72. pasuxi:
sawarmo dReSi amzadebda 72 nawarms.
3
n gv, meore dRes
5
3
1 2
1 1
4
(n n) = n = n gverdi da kidev 20 gverdi. e. i. gias waukiTxavs ( n +20)
5
2 5
2 5
5
n
gverdiani wigni. cxadia, 20= ; n = 100 .
5
#21. 2 x + 2( x + 10) = 330 30 , saidanac x =70. pasuxi: 70km/sT da 80km/sT.
#22. vTqvaT, miiReba n cali ficari, maSin ( n 1) gadaxerxvaze daixarjeba 4( n 1) mm sisqis
masala. gantolebas eqneba aseTi saxe: 4( n 1) +30 n =336, saidanac n =10. pasuxi: miiReba 10
cali ficari.
#23. fexburTelTa asakis jami iyo 16-jer 23 weli, anu 368 weli. erTi maTganis wasvlis
#20. vTqvaT, giam waikiTxa n gverdiani wigni. I dRes waikiTxa
Semdeg igi gautolda 330 wels. wasuli fexburTelis asaki yofila 368 w-330 w=38 w.
Tavis mimoxilva
#.2. pasuxi: g) sxvaobaa (+5). #4. pasuxi: 4. # 6. pasuxi: a) a1 = 1; a2 = 3; a3 = 5.
#7. pasuxi: g) 6-iT. #9. pasuxi: g) 21,50. # 18. vTqvaT, saZiebeli wiladia
pirobiT:
x +1 1
1
= , saidanac x = 1 . pasuxi: saZiebeli wiladia .
x+3 2
3
x
. amocanis
x+2
#20. dilis 10 saaTidan dRis 3 saaTamde gavida 5 sT. turistebma mdinareze 2 sT dayves.
Tu saZiebel manZils aRvniSnavT s -iT, maSin SegviZlia davweroT gantoleba:
s
s
+
= 2;
18 + 3 18 3
# 22. S = a 2 b 2
s
s
+ = 2; s = 17,5 pasuxi: navmisadgoms 17,5 km-iT daSordnen.
21 15
#. 23. S = 9a 4b
74
sakontrolo wera #8
I varianti
1. Semdegi ricxvebidan: 0; -1; 1 romelia 3( x + 4) = 6 x + 9 gantolebisa amonaxsni?

2. amoxseni gantoleba: a) 9 x = 14 x ; b) 100+ 5b = 602 + 5b .
3. Seadgine gantoleba da amoxseni: x ricxvs miumates misi gasamkecebiT miRebuli
ricxvi da miiRes 128,8.
4. cvladis ra mniSvnelobebisaTvis
mniSvnelobebi toli?
2 x 14
aris
da
x + 12
gamosaxulebebis
5. baRSi vaSlisa da atmis xeebia, sul 42. atmis xeebis raodenoba vaSlis xeebis
raodenobaze 14-iT naklebia. ramdeni vaSlisa da ramdeni atmis xea baRSi?
II varianti
1. Semdegi ricxvebidan: 1; -2; 2 romelia amonaxsni gantolebisa: 2( x + 3) = 8 x 6 ?

2. amoxseni gantoleba: a) 2 y = 0 ; b) 4a + 6 = 18 + 4a .
3. Seadgine gantoleba da amoxseni: x ricxvs miumates misi gaorkecebiT miRebuli
ricxvi da miiRes 321,9.
4. cvladis ra mniSvnelobebisaTvis aris 3 x 14 da 6 x gamosaxulebebis mniSvnelobebi
toli?
5. yuTebSi awyvia 64 kilogrami vaSli da msxali. vaSli 14 kilogramiT metia msxalze.
ramdeni kilogrami vaSli da ramdeni kilogrami msxalia yuTebSi?
Sefasebis sqema (10 qula)
1. SearCia swori pasuxi 1 qula
2. TiToeuli sworad amoxsnili gantolebisaTvis TiTo qula, sul 2 qula
3. gantoleba sworad Seadgina da amoxsna 2 qula
4. gaatola gamosaxulebebi da amoxsna gantoleba 2 qula
5. sworad Seadgina gantoleba da amoxsna 3 qula
testi
1
g
2
d
3
a
4
b
5
b
6
d
7
b
8
a
9
a
10
d
11
d
12
d
13
g
14
d
15
d
16
a
17
b
18
g
19
g
20
g
21
g
22
g
23
g
24
d
25
a
VI Tavi
samkuTxedi
Tavis ZiriTadi mizani: a) gavacnoT RerZuli simetria, vaswavloT simetriuli

figurebis ageba da amocanebis amoxsna simetriis gamoyenebiT;
b) vaswavloT samkuTxedis ageba sami elementiT, samkuTxedis tolobis niSnebi da maTi
gamoyeneba amocanebis amosaxsnelad;
g) SevuqmnaT warmodgena paralelur gadatanaze, mis Tvisebebsa da gamoyenebebze;
d) geometriis gamoyenebiT praqtikuli amocanebis amoxsnis unaris ganviTareba.
6.1 RerZuli simetria
mizani: SevuqmnaT mioswavles warmodgena RerZuli simetriis Sesaxeb. vaswavloT
RerZis mimarT simetriuli figurebis ageba.
75
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Sedegad moswavles unda SeeZlos RerZis

mimarT simetriuli figurebis amocnoba, ageba.
saWiro resursebi: qaRaldis furclebi, transportiri, saxazavi.
meToduri komentarebi: Tumca meSvideklasel moswavleebs wina wlebSi nawilobriv
Seswavlili aqvT geometriis elementebi, magram Zalian mcirea maTi sivrculi
warmodgenebis maragi. miT umetes, ar SeuZliaT ganzogadeba. amis gamo 6.1 da 6.2
paragrafebis Seswavlas sami gakveTili eTmoba. maswavlebelma gansakuTrebuli
yuradReba unda dauTmos RerZis mimarT wertilebis simetriul ganlagebas. amas jer
furclebze uCvenebs, rogorc saxelmZRvaneloSia miTiTebuli, Semdeg ki naxazebs
Seasrulebinebs.
moswavlem kargad unda aiTvisos, rom or A da A1 wertils ewodeba MN RerZis mimimarT
simetriuli, Tu isini ganlagebuli arian wrfisadmi gavlebul erT da imave marTobze
wrfis sxvadasxva mxares da marTobis fuZidan toli manZiliT arian daSorebuli.
naxazze (nax. 1) A F = F A1 aseve, BT = B1T .
am cnebas moswavle kargad aiTvisebs, Tu igi ramdenime savarjiSos gaakeTebs.
maswavlebeli rigrigobiT iZaxebs moswavleebs dafasTan da agebinebs RerZis simetriul wertilebs wrfis sxvadasxva mdebareobebisaTvis (vertikaluri, horizontaluri, sxvadasxva kuTxiT daxrili, rogorc es naxazzea gakeTebuli). erTxel Tu
RerZis
B1
A
B1
A1
F
A1
F
N
nax.1
B1
T
A1
marjvniv miscems wertils, meored RerZis marcxniv da a. S.

TvalsaCinoebis gamoyenebis gareSe simetriulobis cnebas Znelad iTvisebs moswavle.
amitom kidev gamoviyenoT gadakecili furceli, gavakeTebinoT naxvreti, gaSlil
furcelze SevaerTebinoT naxvretebi monakveTiT, transportiriT gavazomvinoT
kveTis kuTxe, saxazaviT manZilebi TiToeuli naxvretidan kveTis wertilamde. kargi
iqneba,
gamovaWrevinoT tolferda samkuTxedi, gadavakecvinoT RerZze da ise
vapovninoT fuZis erT-erTi wveros (an romelime wertilis) simetriuli wvero
(wertili). simetriuli wertilebis moZebna SeiZleba SevasruloT ujriani rveulis
ujrebis (maTi gadaTvlis) gamoyenebiT. masalis aseTi axsna yovelTvis interess iwvevs,
damoukideblad akeTeben da kargad iTviseben. amis Semdeg yuradReba unda mieqces
Teoriul masalas im faqtis Sesaxeb, rasac axla akvirdebodnen. saamisod gakveTilis
dasawyisSive unda Seaxsenos maswavlebelma moswavleebs, rom geometriuli figurebi
tolia, Tu isini zeddebisas erTmaneTs SeuTavsdebian.
Semdegi etapi aris RerZis mimarT simetriuli monakveTebis gacnoba.
moswavlem kargad unda Seignos, rom AB da A1B1 monakveTebs ewodeba simetriuli
monakveTebi MN wrfis mimarT, Tu TiToeuli maTganis yovel wertils Seesabameba
simetriuli wertili meore monakveTisa MN wrfis mimarT da piriqiT. es masalac unda
gamagrdes naxazebisa da ramdenime savarjiZos SesrulebiT, pirvel rigSi ki qaRaldis
furclis gadakecviT. SeiZleba marTkuTxedis formis furcelze feradi simetriis
RerZis gavlebis Semdeg RerZis erT mxares feradi carciT monakveTis gavleba da mere
RerZze gadakecviT misi `gadayvana~ RerZis meore mxares. moswavlem unda gaakeTos
daskvna, rom simetriuli monakveTebi tolia.
76
aseTive xerxiT SeiZleba RerZis mimarT axsna simetriuli figurebisa. amisTvis

maswavlebelma winaswar unda moamzados TvalsaCinoeba, romelic saxelmZRvanelos
teqsts Seesabameba (mag., furcelze daxatuli raime figura da simetriis RerZi.
gakveTilze furcels gadakecaven am RerZze da gamoWrian daxatul figuras. miRebuli
gamoWrili figurebi toli da simetriulia RerZis mimarT. furcelze darCa
simetriuli figuris amonaWrebi).
kidev erTxel SevniSnavT, rom simetriuli figurebis agebisas simetriis RerZi
sxvadasxvanairad unda iyos daxrili horizontaluri wrfis mimarT.
marTalia, TvalsaCinoebis momzadeba maswavleblisagan drosa da Sromas moiTxovs,
samagierod amcirebs im drosa da Sromas, romelic gakveTilis axsnisas sWirdeba, raTa
moswavleebma kargad gaigon axsnili masala.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi: #3. pasuxi: a) Sb ( B) = A #5 pasuxi: g).
#6. pasuxi: diax. #7 pasuxi: g) Sb (CDEF ) = KGLF .
#8 pasuxi: a) Sox ( A(2; 1)) = B (2;1);
Soy ( A(2; 1)) = C (2; 1) .
6.2 simetriuli figurebi

mizani: gavacnoT moswavles RerZulad simetriuli figurebi.
RerZulad simetriuli figurebis amocnoba da ageba.
saWiro resursebi: qaRaldis furclebi, makrateli.
figuris simetriis RerZis axsnisas moswavlemde kargad unda iqnes dayvanili figuris
simetriis RerZis cneba: figuras ewodeba a RerZis mimarT simetriuli, Tu mis yovel
B A wertils Seesabameba simetriuli B1 A wertili a RerZis mimarT (anu A figuris
yovel wertils Seesabameba misi a RerZis mimarT simertiuli wertili). aq
aucilebelia modelis Cveneba: marTkuTxedi, kvadrati, wre da a. S. modelebi
gakveTilis Catarebamde unda momzaddes. unda daixazos saWiro figurebi Tavis
simetriis RerZebTan erTad. saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli gamosaWreli peplis
gamzadeba kargad daexmareba maswavlebels miznis miRwevaSi.
SeiZleba maswavlebelma qaRaldisagan winaswar gaamzados saWiro figuris naxevari
(misi gamravleba SeiZleba yvela moswavlisTvis).
qaRaldis figurebi.
qaRaldis aseT modelebze advilad vaCvenebT, rom:
1) simetriis RerZi figuras or tol nawilad yofs, romlebic simetriis RerZze
gadakecvisas erTmaneTs SeuTavsdebian.
2) figuras SeiZleba hqondes erTi (tolferda samkuTxedi, tolferda trapecia
amas ar icnoben, vizualurad an gadakecviT naxaven), ori (marTkuTxedi, rombi)
sami (tolgverda samkuTxedi), oTxi (kvadrati), xuTi da a. S., usasrulo
raodenobisac ki (wre), simetriis RerZi.
3) figuris simetriis RerZs ar warmoadgens yoveli wrfe, romelic figuras or
tol nawilad yofs. amis magaliTad gamodgeba marTkuTxedis diagonali.
sav. #9. amocanaSi igulisxmeba kvadratis simetriis is RerZebi, romlebic misi
gverdebis paraleluria. maSasadame, kvadratis gverdis sigrZe sigrZis 4 erTeulis
tolia. maSin SegviZlia CamovTvaloT kvadratis wveroebi Tavisi koordinatebiT: (-2; 2), (-2; 2), C (2; 2) da (2; -2).
sav. #10. miTiTeba: amocanaSi igulisxmeba, rom kvadratis gverdebi Zevs
sakoordinato RerZebze. kvadratis mdebareoba ganixileba oTxive meoTxedSi.
maswavlebeli davalebad aZlevs moswavleebs: gaimeoron kuTxe da misi saxeebi da
gaamzadon kuTxeebis modelebi (qaRaldiT an sxva masaliT).
6.3 samkuTxedebis klasifikacia

mizani: moswavleebs gavacnoT samkuTxedebis saxeebi, vaswavloT samkuTxedis
utoloba.

sxvadasxva saxis samkuTxedis amocnoba, amocanebis amoxsna samkuTxedis utolobis
77
gamoyenebiT.
masala: fanqari, saxazavi, qaRaldisagan damzadebuli kuTxeebis modelebi. maswavlebels: feradi carcebi, moZravi ori mdgenisagan damzadebuli texili da erTi
monakveTi.
meToduri komentarebi: maswavlebeli gakveTils iwyebs kuTxeebis saxeebis
gameorebiT.
maswavlebeli: ra saxis kuTxeebi viciT? (marTi, maxvili, blagvi, gaSlili).
rogor kuTxes hqvia marTi kuTxe? gaSlili? maxvili? blagvi?
maCveneT marTi (blagvi, maxvili) kuTxis modeli.
maswavlebeli dafaze xazavs sxvadasxva saxis kuTxeebs da moswavleebs sTxovs maTi
sididis dadgenas TvalzomiT da Sesabamisad, saxeebis dasaxelebas. amis Semdeg
maswavlebeli dafaze xazavs samkuTxeds da ekiTxeba moswavleebs, Tu ra figura daxaza
da ra ician mis Sesaxeb.
maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, rom kuTxis modelebs CamoaWran araswori nawili
(miiReba samkuTxedi).
ra figura miiReT?
rogori kuTxeebi aqvs Sens samkuTxeds? axdenen samkuTxedebis klasifikacias
kuTxeebis mixedviT, Semdeg ki gverdebis mixedviT. axali masalis axsna mimdinareobs
saxelmZRvanelos teqstis mixedviT. sasurvelia, tolferda samkuTxedis toli
gverdebi daixazos erTi feris carciT, fuZe sxva feriT. aseve toli kuTxeebi
moiniSnos erTi feris rkaliT, gansxvavebuli ki meore feriT.
imis TvalnaTliv dasanaxad, rom samkuTxedis yoveli gverdis sigrZe naklebia
danarCeni ori gverdis sigrZeTa jamze da metia danarCeni ori gverdis sigrZeTa
sxvaobaze, maswavlebeli iyenebs or (moZrav) mdgenian texils da monakveTs.
kvleviTi samuSao: maswavlebeli savarjiSoebTan erTad moswavleebs aZlevs saSinao
davalebas: a) amoicnon samkuTxedis saxeebi sayofacxovrebo sagnebSi da moaxdinon
maTi klasifikacia imis mixedviT, Tu sad romeli saxe Warbobs. daakvirdnen am faqts da
mouZebnon axsna. b) moswavleebma daamzadon tolgverda, tolferda, blagvkuTxa da
marTkuTxa tolferda samkuTxedebis modelebi.

#7, #8 msgavsia paragrafis amocana 1-is. #7 pasuxi: 32 sm; 34 sm. #8 pasuxi: 24 sm.
#9. radgan smkuTxedis ori gverdis sigrZea 6 sm da 8 sm, amitom mesame gverdis sigrZe
unda iyos 2 sm-ze meti da 14 sm-ze naklebi. #11. 2 sm. #12. 3 sm.
#14. Tu samkuTxedis fuZis sigrZes aRvniSnavT x -iT, maSin ferdis sigrZe iqneba 2 x ,
xolo perimetri (2 x +2 x + x ) sm, anu 5 x sm, rac amocanis pirobiT 36 santimetris tolia.
SegviZlia davweroT gantoleba: 5 x =24. aqedan x =4,8. 2 x = 9,6.
#18. X da Y wertilebs Soris manZili 2,9 m iqneba im SemTxvevaSi, roca Z XY . sxva
SemTxvevaSi: 3,7-0,8< XY <3,7+0,8, anu 2,9<XY<4,5.
#19. a) B AC ; b) ar ekuTvnian erT wrfes.
#20. im SemTxvevaSi, roca wreebi ganlagebulia numeraciis mixedviT ise, rom maTi
centrebi erT wrfes ekuTvnis, maSin I da III wreebs Soris iqneba udidesi manZili
(30+8+4)sm=42sm, xolo im SemTxvevaSi, roca wreebi ganlagebulia Semdegi
TanmimdevrobiT: I, III, II, maSin I da III wreebs Soris iqneba umciresi manZili (30-8-4) sm=18
sm.
6.4
tolferda samkuTxedi
mizani: SevaswavloT tolferda samkuTxedis Tvisebebi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Semdeg moswavles unda SeeZlos tolferda
samkuTxedis Tvisebebis Camoyalibeba da maTi gamoyeneba amocanebis amosaxsnelad.
saWiro masala: moswavleebis mier damzadebuli modelebi.
meToduri komentarebi: paragrafSi gamaxvilebulia yuradReba or ZiriTad sakiTxze.
esenia: 1) tolferda samkuTxedis wverosTan mdebare kuTxis biseqtrisis Tviseba da
2) tolferda samkuTxedis fuZesTan mdebare kuTxeebis toloba. orive debulebis
dasabuTeba eyrdnoba imas, rom kuTxis biseqtrisis Semcveli wrfe warmoadgens misi
simetriis RerZs.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #1. ar SeiZleba. #2. a) arsebobs; b) ar
78
arsebobs; g) arsebobs; d) ar arsebobs. #3. SeiZleba. #5. KNE = 1060 (420 + 320 ) = 320
#7. mocemulobiT AB = BC , amitom ABC tolferdaa. tolferdaa CED -c, radgan
CD = DE . e. i. A = ACB da ECD = E . Tavis mxriv, ACB = ECD , rogorc
vertikaluri kuTxeebi. maSasadame, A = E . ris damtkicebac gvindoda.
#9.
PVMNT = MN + NT + MT
CavsvaT ricxviTi mniSvnelobebi,
PMNK = MN + MK + NK
18 = MN + NT + MT
miviRebT:
. radgan MN = NK da MT = 0,5 NK , vwerT:
30 = MN + MK + NK
18 = MN + 0,5MK + NT . 30 = 2 MN + MK 15 = MN + 0,5MK , aqedan miviRebT:
18 = 15 + NT
NT = 3
#14. amoxsna: I etapi. davadginoT, fuZesTan mdebare kuTxis wverodan gamosul
medianazea amocanaSi laparaki, Tu fuZis mopirdapire wverodan gamosul medianaze.
Tu wverodan gamosul medianazea laparaki, maSin igi samkuTxedis perimetrs or tol
nawilad gayofda, e. i. amocanis pirobaSi igulisxmeba fuZesTan mdebare kuTxis
wverodan gamosuli mediana.
II etapi.
SemovitanoT aRniSvnebi: AC = y da AD = x . maSin DB = x da BC = 2 x .
ganvixiloT ori SemTxveva:
a) roca x + y = 21, maSin x + 2 x = 18 3 x = 18 x = 6 , 6 + y = 21 , saidanac y = 15
pasuxi: AC = y = 15 sm.
b) roca x + y = 18, maSin x + 2 x = 21 3 x = 21 x = 7 , 7 + y = 18 , saidanac y = 11
pasuxi: AC = y = 11 sm.
savarjiSoebTan erTad saSinao davalebad moswavleebs evalebaT sxvadasxva saxis
samkuTxedebis damzadeba da motana.
6.5
samkuTxedis kuTxeebis jami

mizani: moswavleebs vaswavloT samkuTxedis Siga da gare kuTxeebis Tvisebebi.
samkuTxedis Siga da gare kuTxeebis Tvisebebis gamoyeneba amocanebis amosaxsnelad.
saWiro masala: moswavleebis mier damzadebuli samkuTxedebi, transportiri, fanqari,
saxazavi.
meToduri komentarebi: gakveTilis gamokiTxvis Semdeg maswavlebeli kiTxvebiT
Seamowmebs moswavleebis codnas samkuTxedebis Sesaxeb. Semdeg ki sTxovs:
SearCieT Tqven mier motanili samkuTxedebidan erTi romelime. TiToeulma
Tqvenganma gazomeT samkuTxedis samive kuTxe. CamowereT miRebuli zomebi (zomaven
da weren). axla SekribeT samive kuTxis gradusuli zoma. ramdeni gradusi miiReT?
(ra Tqma unda, yvela zustad 1800 -s ver miiRebs).
axla sxva samkuTxedi SearCieT da misi kuTxeebi gazomeT, Sedegebi SekribeT.
ramdeni gradusi miiReT?
ramden gradusTanaa axlos miRebuli Sedegebi? (aseTi savarjiSo moswavleebma
meore paragrafSic Seasrules, rodesac samkuTxedi iswavles).
axla aiReT Tqven mier motanili romelime samkuTxedi, moniSneT misi erT-erTi
gverdis Sua wertili... amis Semdeg maswavlebeli gakveTils agrZelebs
saxelmZRvanelos teqstis mixedviT, ris Sedegadac TiToeuli moswavle rwmundeba
imaSi, rom samkuTxedis Siga kuTxeebis jami 1800 -ia.
klasSi xsnian teqstis amocana 1-s da kenti nomris mqone savarjiSoebs # 19-mde
(ramdensac SeZleben, gaaCnia klasis codnis dones).
aqcenti keTdeba marTkuTxa samkuTxedis maxvili kuTxeebis jamze da tolferda
marTkuTxa samkuTxedis kuTxeebis zomaze. (sav.#9, #13)
79
savarjiSoebis komentarebi: #4. a) 1200; b) 760; #5. a) 750; b) 640.

#6. 11. miTiTeba: es amocanebi SeiZleba algebruli xerxiT amoixsnas. 300, 600.
#14. miTiTeba: ganxilul unda iqnes SemTxvevebi, roca mocemuli kuTxe fuZesTan
mdebarea da roca mocemuli kuTxe wverosTan mdebarea. unda gakeTdes Sesabamisi
analizi da dadgindes amocanis amonaxsnebis raodenoba.
#16.
ABO = 150 , BAO = 300 , ABO + BAO + AOB = 1800 ,

300 + 150 + AOB = 1800 , 450 + AOB = 1800 , AOB = 1350
pasuxi: AOB = 1350 .

#17. amocanaSi igulisxmeba fuZesTan mdebare kuTxis wverodan gavlebuli biseqtrisa.
radgan igi fuZesTan 300-ian kuTxes adgens, fuZesTan mdebare kuTxeebis zoma iqneba 600,
wverosTan mdebaresic 600 .
#18. Tu samkuTxedis biseqrtisebis mier hipotenuzasTan Seqmnil kuTxeebs aRvniSnavT
x -iT da y -iT, maSin 2 x + 2 y = 900 . aqedan x + y = 450 . biseqtrisebis mier Seqmnili
kuTxeebidan erT-erTis sidide iqneba 1800-450=1350, meorisa ki 1800-1350=450 .
#19. biseqtrisebis gadakveTis wertili aRvniSnoT M asoTi. ABM kuTxis sidide iqneba
350, xolo kuTxe BAM-isa ki 200. maSin AMB = 1800 (350 + 200 ) = 1250 . biseqtrisebis mier
Seqmnili kuTxeebidan umciresis zoma iqneba 1800-1250=550 pasuxi: 550.
II saaTi
mizani: a) miRebuli codnis ganmtkiceba.
b) SevaswavloT moswavles samkuTxedis gare kuTxe da misi Tvisebebi.
codna da unarebi: moswavlem unda icodes samkuTxedis gare kuTxis gansazRvra da

Tvisebebi. unda SeeZlos amocanebis amoxsnisas misi Tvisebis, cnebisa da mosazRvre
kuTxeebis Tvisebis gamoyeneba.
meToduri komentarebi: wina gakveTilze SeviswavleT samkuTxedis Siga kuTxeebi da maTi
Tviseba. am gakveTilze ganixileba samkuTxedis gare kuTxis gansazRvra Tavisi SedegiT.
wina gakveTilze naswavli masalis gameorebis Semdeg (sadac SeiZleba daisvas
kiTxvebi: damokidebulia Tu ara samkuTxedis kuTxeebis jami samkuTxedis gverdebis
zomebze? kuTxeebis zomebze? samkuTxedis mdebareobaze?) maswavlebeli axali masalis
axsnas iwyebs imiT, rom sTxovs moswavleebs, daxazon samkuTxedi da gaagrZelon misi
romelime gverdi. dafaze daxazuli samkuTxedisaTvis TviTonac xazavs gare kuTxes.
acnobs moswavleebs samkuTxedis gare kuTxis cnebas, Semdeg ki maT yuradRebas isev
naxazisaken mimarTavs. xazaven gare kuTxeebs samkuTxedis sxvadasxva mdebareobisas.
xsnian teqstis amocana 2-s, ris Semdeg maswavlebeli agrZelebs gakveTils kiTxvebis
Semdegi sistemis daxmarebiT:
ramdeni gare kuTxe aqvs samkuTxeds?
Seadare nax. 1-ze mocemuli gare kuTxe samkuTxedis A da M Siga kuTxeebs.
(transportiriT, analiziT da rogorc SeZleben, nebismieri xerxiT).
1
B
nax.1
B
nax.2
Seadare nax. 2-ze mocemuli gare kuTxe samkuTxedis A da N Siga kuTxeebs.

SeiZleba Tu ara, rom samkuTxedis gare kuTxe blagvi iyos da erT-erTi Siga kuTxec
iyos blagvi? ratom?
ra daskvnis gamotana SeiZleba?
80
SeiZleba Tu ara, rom samkuTxedis gare kuTxe maxvili iyos, misi aramosazRvre kuTxe
ki blagvi? ratom?
Seadare samkuTxedis gare kuTxe mis TiToeul Siga aramosazRvre kuTxes.
ra daskvna SeiZleba CamovayaliboT dakvirvebis Sedegebidan?
es marTlac asea? SegviZlia darwmunebuli viyoT imaSi, rom nebismieri samkuTxedis
TiToeuli gare kuTxe metia mis Siga aramosazRvre kuTxeze? rogor davamtkicoT?
mogviwevs gare kuTxisa da aramosazRvre TiToeuli kuTxis raime xerxiT Sedareba.
daviwyoT, magaliTad, A kuTxiT.
maSasadame, Cven unda SevadaroT erTmaneTs 1 da A .
vis SeuZlia ?
maswavlebels winaswar gamzadebuli aqvs ganxilulTan SedarebiT cota ufro garTulebuli amocanebi samkuTxedis gare kuTxis gamosaTvlelad. magaliTad, sTavazobs
moswavleebs ABC -s gare kuTxis gamoTvlas nax. 3-ze mocemuli naxazebis mixedviT.
gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli atarebs jgufur samuSaos. amocana-naxazebi maswavlebels baraTebis saxiT winaswar aqvs gamzadebuli. aq mocemuli amocanebi ganawildeba
sam jgufze. TiTo jgufs miecema 4 amocana.
amocana- naxazebiT gakveTilze iqmneba saTamaSo situacia, riTac maswavlebeli
advilad axdens moswavlis mier masalis aTvisebis xarisxis gansazRvras.
klasi iyofa sam jgufad. TiToeul jgufs eZleva Tavisi davaleba (amocanebi
naxazebis saxiT, nax.3, nax.4), romelTa mizania samkuTxedis romelime kuTxis an
gare kuTxis gamoTvla.
C
D
A
D
nax.3
jgufis wevrebi ecnobian amocanebs da erTmaneTs uziareben Tavis mosazrebebs.
jgufis saerTo naazrevs gundis kapitani debs maswavleblis magidaze im
moswavlis gvariTa da saxeliT (aweria), romelsac waradgens jgufi.
TiToeuli jgufis warmomadgeneli ganixilavs micemul amocanas. gaimarTeba
kamaTi, romelSic monawileobs mTeli klasi.
axsnis Semdeg grZeldeba Sejibri gundebs Soris: `ra viciT samkuTxedebis Sesaxeb~.
axla ukve gundebi erTmaneTs ejibrebian aRniSnuli sakiTxis codnaSi. usvamen
erTmaneTs kiTxvebs, kamaToben, msjeloben. mniSvnelovani yuradReba eqceva
maTematikur msjelobas.
gamarjvebulad is gundi gamocxaddeba, romlis ufro metma wevrma gasca kiTxvebs
swori da dasabuTebuli pasuxi. Tu romelime gundma ver SeZlo amocanis amoxsna an
misi dasabuTeba, an romelime kiTxvaze pasuxis gacema, maSin sxva gundis wevrs eZleva
saSualeba, gasces pasuxi kiTxvas, gamoTqvas Tavisi azri amocanis an dasabuTebis
Sesaxeb. aseT SemTxvevaSi qula daewereba am ukanasknelis gunds. (dro 15 wuTi)
SeniSvna: aseTi saxiT jgufuri mecadineobebi SeiZleba Catardes maSinac, rodesac
mTeli gakveTili codnis ganmtkicebas eTmoba. aseT SemTxvevaSi, aucilebelia
davicvaT Tanmimdevruli gadasvlis wesi martividan rTulisaken.
savarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi: #20 jer unda moxdes imis analizi, Tu romeli
81
Siga kuTxis mosazRvrea amocanaSi mocemuli gare kuTxe, Semdeg ki 1800-s gamoakldeba
gare kuTxis sidide, riTac gamoiTvleba misi mosazRvre kuTxe. pasuxi: a)600,600,600.
#21 amocanaSi mocemuli 1350-iani gare kuTxis mosazRvre SigakuTxis zoma 450-ia,
maSasadame, a) samkuTxedis kuTxeebis sidideebia: 450,450,900. b) samkuTxedi tolferdaa.
#26. mocemulobiT: KCD tolgverdaa, amitom misi TiToeuli kuTxe 600 is tolia.
a)
BAK = AKB;
AKB + BKC + CKD = 1800 ;
AKB + 800 + 600 = 1800 ;
AKB + 1400 = 1800 ; AKB = 400 = BAD.

b) radgan BKC tolferdaa KC fuZiT, K = C =800, xolo
ABK = 1800 800 = 1000 ; ABC = 1200.
B = 1800 2K = 1800 1600 = 200 ,
g) ABK tolgverdaa, amitom BK = 10 m. tolgverdaa ABC, misi TiToeuli gverdis

sigrZea 10sm. CKD tolgverdaa, amitom CD = 10 m
d) ar SeiZleba, radgan, viciT, rom CKD = 600 da Tu davuSvebT , rom A = 300 , maSin
BKC = 900 , rac SeuZlebelia.
nax. 4
sakontrolo wera #9
82
I varianti
1. Seasrule davaleba:
a) daxaze a wrfe da moniSne A, B, C wertilebi, romlebic a wrfeze ar mdebareoben.
(1qula)
b) aage a wrfis mimarT A wertilis simetriuli A1 wertili da BC monakveTis
simetriuli B1C1 monakveTi. (2 qula)
g) Camowere simetriuli wyvilebi. ( 1qula)
a) daxaze maxvilkuTxa samkuTxedi. aRniSne wveroebi asoebiT. ( 1qula)
b) gazome samkuTxedis gverdebi. zomebi Cawere milimetrebSi(2 qula)
g) gamoTvale samkuTxedis perimetri santimetrebSi( 1 qula)
d) ra saxisaa Seni daxazuli samkuTxedi gverdebis mixedviT? ( 1 qula)
3. tolferda samkuTxedis erTi gverdi 5 sm-is, meore ki 4 sm-is tolia. ra sigrZisaa
mesame gverdi? ratom? (2 qula)
4. tolferda samkuTxedis erTi kuTxe 1110-is tolia. gamoTvale samkuTxedis danarCeni
kuTxeebi. (3 qula)
II varianti
a) daxaze m wrfe da moniSne M , N , K wertilebi, romlebic m wrfeze ar mdebareoben
-----1 qula.
b) aage m wrfis mimarT M wertilis simetriuli M1 wertili da NK monakveTis
simetriuli N1 K1 monakveTi ---- 2 qula.
g) Camowere simetriul wertilTa wyvilebi. (1 qula)
a) daxaze blagvkuTxa samkuTxedi. aRniSne wveroebi asoebiT (1 qula)
b) gazome samkuTxedis gverdebi. zomebi Cawere milimetrebSi (2 qula)
g) gamoTvale samkuTxedis perimetri santimetrebSi (1 qula)
d) ra saxisaa Seni daxazuli samkuTxedi gverdebis mixedviT? (1 qula)
3. tolferda samkuTxedis erTi gverdi 3 sm-is, meore ki 4 sm-is tolia. ra sigrZisaa
mesame gverdi? ratom? (2 qula)
4. tolferda samkuTxedis erTi kuTxe 1050-is tolia. gamoTvale samkuTxedis danarCeni
kuTxeebi ( 3 qula)
Sefasebis sqema
1. a) daxaza wrfe, wrfis gareT moniSna samive wertili 1 qula;
b) aago m wrfis mimarT A wertilis simetriuli A1 wertili 1 qula
aago m wrfis mimarT BC monakveTis simetriuli B1C1 monakveTi 1 qula
g) Camowera simetriul wertilTa yvela wyvili 1 qula
2. a) daxaza blagvkuTxa samkuTxedi. aRniSna wveroebi asoebiT 1 qula
b) gazoma samkuTxedis gverdebi. zomebi Cawera milimetrebSi 2 qula
g) gamoTvala samkuTxedis perimetri santimetrebSi 1 qula
d) sworad daadgina Tavisi daxazuli samkuTxedis saxe gverdebis mixedviT (1 qula)
3. a) Caatara analizi da aRniSna, rom 1sm, 1sm da 2sm sigrZis gverdebis mqone
samkuTxedi ar arsebobs, daasaxela amis mizezi (samkuTxedis utoloba) 1 qula
b) daadgina, rom ferdis zomaa 2sm, xolo fuZis 1sm 1qula
83
4. a) Caatara analizi da aRniSna, rom 2 blagvi kuTxis mqone samkuTxedi ar arsebobs,

daasaxela amis mizezi (samkuTxedis kuTxeebis jamis Tviseba) 1 qula
b) daadgina fuZesTan mdebare da wverosTan mdebare kuTxeebis zomebi (icis tolferda
samkuTxedis fuZesTan mdebare kuTxeebis Tviseba) - 1 qula
sul 13 qula.
6. 6 agebis amocanebi (praqtikuli samuSao)
mizani: vaswavloT moswavles agebis ZiriTadi amocanebis gadawyveta farglisa da

saxazavis meSveobiT.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlisa da agebis praqtikulad Sesrulebis
Semdeg moswavles ecodineba:
a) monakveTis SuamarTobis ageba;
b) mocemul wrfeze mdebare wertilze am wrfis mimarT marTobis gavleba;
g) wrfis gareT aRebuli wertilidan mocemul wrfeze marTobis daSveba;
d) kuTxis biseqtrisis ageba.
e) mocemuli kuTxis toli kuTxis ageba. moswavle SeZlebs miRebuli codnis
gamoyenebas agebis ufro rTuli amocanebis amoxsnisas.
saWiro masala: fargali, saxazavi, fanqari
meToduri komentarebi: paragrafSi ganxilulia zemoT CamoTvlili agebis xuTi
amocana. klasSi maswavlebelTan erTad xdeba amocanebis amoxsnis algoriTmebis
Seswavla. moswavleebs evalebaT am algoriTmebis damaxsovreba.
agebis amocanebi tradiciuli masalaa, romelic kargad unda aiTvisos TiToeulma
moswavlem. amocanis pirobebi imdenad kargad unda gaaanalizos, rom Semdeg
gakveTilze damoukideblad SeZlos misi gamoyeneba axali, SedarebiT rTuli agebebis
Sesasruleblad.
agebis amocanebis amoxsnas mravali mizezis gamo did mniSvnelobas aniWeben
geometriaSi. aseTi amocanebis amoxsnisas moswavle eufleba analizisa da sinTezis
meTods, radgan agebis amocanis amoxsnisas:
1) amocanis amoxsna moiTxovs analizs, amocanis amoxsnis Ziebas; xeliT sruldeba
miaxloebiTi naxazi, romelic mocemuli amocanis amoxsnis erT-erTi savaraudo
variantia da iwyeba mocemulsa da saZiebels Soris im damokidebulebebis Zieba,
romelnic am amocanis ukve cnobil agebis amocanaze dayvanis saSualebas iZleva.
mokled rom vTqvaT, dgeba amocanis amoxsnis gegma;
2) gegmis mixedviT xdeba naxazis ageba;
3) moswavles uxdeba imis dasabuTeba (damtkiceba), rom agebuli figura akmayofilebs
amocanis pirobebs;
4) xdeba amocanis amoxsnis SesaZlo sxva variantebis arsebobisa da am variantebis
raodenobis kvleva, dadgena.
agebis martivi amocanebis amoxsnisas araa aucilebeli yvela am safexuris gavla. am
paragrafSi mocemuli amocanebi martivia da amitom analizi da gamokvleva araa
Catarebuli. sruliad sakmarisia moswavlem transportiriTa da saxazaviT Seamowmos
amocanis amoxsnis siswore.
maSasadame, imisaTvis, rom amoixsnas agebis amocana, saWiroa:
ganisazRvros, Tu ra ZiriTadi agebebia Sesasrulebeli, raTa miviRoT saWiro
Sedegi;
davasabuToT, rom agebis Sedegad miRebuli figura akmayofilebs amocanis
pirobebs.
84
6.7 samkuTxedis ageba

mizani: vaswavloT moswavles samkuTxedis ageba misi romelime sami elementis mixedviT.
codna da unarebi: moswavlem unda icodes samkuTxedis romelime sami elementis
mixedviT samkuTxedis agebis algoriTmi da unda SeeZlos am algoriTmiT samkuTxedis
ageba da ufro rTuli amocanebis amoxsna.
saWiro masala: fanqari, fargali, saxazavi.
meToduri komentarebi: paragrafSi ganxilulia amocanebi samkuTxedis agebaze: misi a)
ori gverdiTa da maT Soris mdebare kuTxiT; b) gverdiTa da mimdebare ori kuTxiT;
g)
sami gverdiT.
rogorc wina paragrafSi, aqac amocanis amoxsna warmoadgens algoriTms, romelic
moswavlem kargad unda aiTvisos da daimaxsovros.
gakveTilis dawyeba umjobesia konkretuli sigrZis monakveTebiT. mag., erT rigs
misces asagebad samkuTxedi monakveTebiT, romelTa sigrZeebia: 3sm, 4sm, 5sm. meores:
AB=3sm, BE=4sm, AE=7 sm da a. S. am amocanebSi daismeba kiTxva samkuTxedebis arsebobaze
(II amocana). SeiZleba erT rigs mieces davaleba samkuTxedis agebisa 4 sm sigrZis
gverdiT da masTan mimdebare 300-iani da 700-iani kuTxeebiT, meores ki 5 sm sigrZis
gverdiT da masTan mimdebare 400-iani da 1500-iani kuTxeebiT da a. S. moswavleebma unda
SeamCnion, rom meore amocanaSi mocemuli kuTxeebiT samkuTxedi ar ageba.
6.8 samkuTxedebis toloba

mizani: SevaswavloT moswavles samkuTxedebis tolobis niSnebi.
codna da unarebi: paragrafis Seswavlis Semdeg moswavlem unda icodes samkuTxedebis tolobis samive niSnis Camoyalibeba. unda SeeZlos toli elementebis sami wyvilis
miTiTeba da samkuTxedebis tolobis niSnebis gamoyeneba amocanebis amoxsnisas; unda SeeZlos toli elementebis sami wyvilis mqone ori samkuTxedisagan Sedgenil konstruqciebSi samkuTxedebis tolobis daskvnis gakeTeba.
saWiro didaqtikuri masala: muyaosagan gamoWrili samkuTxedebi.
meToduri komentarebi: samkuTxedebis tolobis niSnebis Camoyalibeba eyrdnoba toli figurebis erTmaneTTan SeTavsebis Teorias, xolo toli elementebis sami wyvilis
sakmarisoba agebis im amocanebs, romlebic wina gakveTilebze Seiswavles. maswavlebels
gakveTilisTvis winaswar unda hqondes gamzadebuli samkuTxedebi, raTa aCvenos,
romelia maT Soris toli. umjobesia, Tu toli elementebisaTvis erTnair ferebs
gamoiyenebs.
B1
B
B2
C1
A1
A2
C2
I
II
III
naxazze mocemul samkuTxedebs wveroebi specialurad erTnairi asoebiT aqvs
aRniSnuli, raTa moswavles gauadvildes maTSi toli elementebis moZebna. maswavlebeli amzadebs sam tol, sxvadasxvagverda samkuTxeds da sibrtyeze alagebs ise,
rogorc es naxazzea naCvenebi. aq advilia I da II samkuTxedebis Cveneba maTi zeddebiT.
isini erTmaneTs SeuTavsdebian, magram es ase ar moxdeba I da III an II da III samkuTxedebis
zeddebisas, Tu erT-erT samkuTxeds ar SemovabrunebT. saintereso iqneba, aRmoaCens
Tu ara moswavle am samkuTxedebSi toli elementebis sam wyvils mesame samkuTxedis
Semobrunebamde. moswavlem kargad unda aiTvisos terminebi: `mimdebare~, `maT Soris
mdebare~.
samkuTxedebis tolobis niSnebiT amocanebis amoxsna mimdinareobs Semdegi
TanmimdevrobiT: a) samkuTxedebSi toli elementebis sami wyvilis moZebna; b) daskvna
imis Sesaxeb, rom es samkuTxedebia tolia samkuTxedebis tolobis romelime niSnis
mixedviT g) samkuTxedebis tolobis gamo Sesabamisad toli saWiro elementebis
gamoyofa.
85
#1.ganvixiloT AND da AMD. es samkuTxedebi tolia samkuTxedebis

tolobis I
niSniT. radgan AD biseqtrisaa, amitom NAD = MAD , amasTanave, AB = AC
mocemulobiT, xolo AD gverdi saerTo aqvT. tol samkuTxedebs Sesabamisi gverdebi
toli aqvT, amitom ND = MD = 12 sm. pasuxi: DN = 12 sm.
#2. BAM da CAN samkuTxedebis tolobidan vaskvniT, saZiebeli gverdis sigrZea11sm.
#3. amoixsneba wina amocanis msgavsad. #7. BAD= CAM; BAM= CAD
#9. DC gverdi orive samkuTxedisaTvis saerToa, mocemulobiT AD = CF , maSasadame,
AC = DF . radgan tolia BCF da EFK kuTxeebi, amitom toli iqneba maTi mosazRvre
kuTxeebi: ACB da DFE . gamovida, rom ABC = DEF samkuTxedebis tolobis II niSnis
Tanaxmad.
#12.
AB manZilisa da CAB kuTxis gazomva moxda

xmeleTze. Tu xmeleTze AB monakveTis
gagrZelebaze gadavzomavT AB manZilis
tol BM manZils da M wertilze avagebT AB
gverdis marTobs, ris Semdeg CB gverds
gavagrZelebT M wertilze agebuli marTobis gadakveTamde, maSin miRebuli BMN
tolia BAC-si. maSasadame A wertilidan
manZili xomaldamde toli iqneba MN
manZilis, romlis gazomvac SesaZlebelia.
#16. AM = AN ; ANB = AMC ; A saerToa, amitom ACM= ABN, samkuTxedebis

tolobis II niSnis Tanaxmad. #22 aigeba 4 samkuTxedi.
#26. ANC da DMB samkuTxedebs toli aqvT AN da MD , agreTve NC da BM , aseve
AC da BD gverdebi, amitom ANC da DMB samkuTxedebi tolia samkuTxdebis III niSnis
Tanaxmad. am tolobidan gamomdinareobs toloba DBM = ACN . radgan toli
kuTxeebis mosazRvre kuTxeebi tolia, amitom 1 = 2 .
6.9 geometriuli amocanebis amoxsna algebruli meTodiT

mizani: vaswavloT moswavles geometriuli amocanebis amoxsna algebruli meTodiT
codna da unarebi: moswavles unda SeeZlos moxerxebuli aRniSvnebis Semotana da
amocanis pirobiT gantolebis Sedgena.
meToduri komentarebi: xSirad SesaZlebelia geometriuli amocanebis amoxsnis
gamartiveba algebruli meTodiT. zogjer es xdeba mxolod gamosayenebeli asoebis
SemcirebiT, zogjer amoxsnis gzis mkveTri SemoklebiT, ufro martivi gzis gamonaxviT
da a. S.
am paragrafSi gTavazobT amocanebis amoxsnas moxerxebuli aRniSvnebis Semotanisa da gantolebis Sedgenis saSualebiT.
#1. a) x + 2 x + 2 x = 1800 ; 5 x = 1800 ; x = 360.
b) 2 x = 900 ;
x = 450.
g) x + 2 x + 300 = 1800 ; 3 x = 1500 ; x = 500.

#2. biseqtrisis mier fuZesTan Seqmnili kuTxe aRvniSnoT x -iT. maSin samkuTxedis
fuZesTan mdebare kuTxe 2x is toli iqneba. biseqtrisis mier ferdTan Seqmnili
kuTxeebidan erTi 600-is, meore ki 1200-is tolia. amaTgan is kuTxe, romelic fuZis
mxares mdebareobs, tolia a) 600-is. radgan samkuTxedis Siga kuTxeebis jami 1800-is
86
tolia, aRniSvnebis gamoyenebiT vwerT: x + 2 x = 1200 ; 3x = 1200 ; x = 400. samkuTxedis

fuZesTan mdebare kuTxeebis zomaa 800, wverosTan mdebaresi ki 200.
b)1200-is. radgan samkuTxedis Siga kuTxeebis jami 1800-is tolia, aRniSvnebis
gamoyenebiT vwerT: x + 2 x = 600 ; 3 x = 600 ; x = 200. samkuTxedis fuZesTan mdebare
kuTxeebis zomaa 400, wverosTan mdebaresi ki 1000.
1
-is tolia. Tu fuZes aRvniSnavT x 3
iT, maSin ferdi iqneba
3 x , xolo samkuTxedis perimetri 7 x , rac amocanis pirobiT
42sm-is tolia. vwerT gantolebas: 7 x =42. aqedan x =6. maSasadame, samkuTxedis ferdi
#3. amocanis pirobiT fuZis ferdTan Sefardeba
18sm-is tolia, fuZe ki 6sm-is.

#4. kuTxe DMN=1000, amitom misi mosazRvre AMK =800. ABCD kvadratis AC
diagonali warmoadgens A da C kuTxeebis biseqtrisas, amitom MAC = 450 . AMK-Si
AKM = 1800 (800 + 450 ) = 550 ; pasuxi: CKN = 550 .
#5. miTiTeba: Tu aRvniSnavT x -iT da y -iT biseqtrisebiT gverdebTan Seqmnil
kuTxeebs, maSin miviRebT, rom 2 x + 2 y = 1800 ; saidanac miviRebT, rom x + y = 900 .
6.10 praqtikuli amocanebi

mizani: vaswavloT miRebuli codnis praqtikaSi gamoyeneba.
codna da unarebi: moswavles unda SeeZlos cxovrebiseuli amocanis maTematikur enaze
warmodgena da misi amoxsna.
meToduri komentarebi: maTematikas moswavleebs im mizniT vaswavliT, rom cxovrebaSi
gamoiyenon sxvadasxva problemis gadasawyvetad. xSirad gvxvdeba iseTi amocanebi,
romelTa gadawyveta advilad SesaZlebelia geometriis gamoyenebiT. am paragrafSi
swored aseTi amocanebis amoxsnaa gaTvaliswinebuli. maswavlebels SeuZlia teqstSi
mocemuli amocanebis pirobebis gamdidreba an ufro meti SekiTxvis dasma. mokled,
realuri situaciidan gamomdinare, unda amowuros SesaZlo variantebi. magaliTad,
teqstis amocana 2-is ganxilvisas maswavlebelma unda dasvas sakiTxi im SemTxvevis
Sesaxeb, roca amocanas amoxsna ar eqneba (Tu samive mezobeli erTi wrfis gaswvriv
iqneba dasaxlebuli).
savarjiSoebis komentarebi: sav. #1. satransporto magistralma unda gaiaros
dasaxlebuli punqtebis SemaerTebeli monakveTis Sua wertilze. Tu amis SesaZlebloba
ar arsebobs, maSin am monakveTis SuamarTobze.
#2. realurad satransporto magistralis mimarT dasaxlebuli punqtebi SeiZleba
sxvadasxvanairad iyos ganlagebuli. ganvixiloT sxvadasxva SemTxvevebi. gaCereba unda
gakeTdes a) magistralis AB monakveTis centrSi. b) da g) AB monakveTis SuamarTobisa
da magistralis gadakveTis wertilSi; d) amocanas amonaxsni ara aqvs, radgan erT-erTi
punqti magistralzea dasaxlebuli.
#3. miTiTeba: am amocanis amosaxsnelad oTxi mezoblis sacxovrebeli saxlebi
warmovidginoT A, B, M, N wertilebad, maT Soris manZilebi ki am wertilebis
SemaerTebel monakveTebad. ganvixiloT ori SemTxveva: roca a) ABMN oTxkuTxedi
marTkuTxedi, an kvadratia; b) ABMN oTxkuTxedi arc marTkuTxedia da arc kvadrati.
#4 mxedvelobis sxivi, romelic Tvalidan gadis qudis kakardis napirze (xelis gulze,
ubis wignakze Tu raime sxva saganze, rac imjerad moepoveba adamians), mimarTulia
mdinaris meore napirisaken. saba TvaliT daafiqsirebs napirze raime A sagans, Semdeg
Semotrialdeba ise, rom im sagnis zurgSeqceviT dadges. am dros mxedvelobis sxivi,
farglis moZravi bolos msgavsad wres Semowers da daafiqsirebs A1 wertils.
AC = A1C , rogorc erTi da imave wris radiusebi. (saxelmZRvaneloSi nax. 6) A1C
monakveTis sigrZe mdinaris siganis tolia.
#5 I etapi: tbasTan axlos movniSnoT O wertili ise, rom O wertilidan Candes
rogorc A, ise B wertili.
II etapi: SevaerToT A wertili O wertilTan da gavagrZeloT AO ;
III etapi: SevaerToT B wertili O wertilTan da gavagrZeloT BO ;
87
IV etapi: gadavzomoT AO sxivze AO1 = AO monakveTi, xolo BO sxivze BO1 = BO

monakveTi;
V etapi: SevaerToT A1 da B1 wertilebi.
AOB= A1OB1
samkuTxedebis
tolobis
II
niSnis
Tanaxmad
( AO = A1O; BO = B1O; AOB = A1OB1 ). tol samkuTxedebs Sesabamisi gverdebi toli
aqvT. maSasadame, AB = A1 B1 .
A1B1 monakeTis sigrZe tolia tbis siganis.
#7. a da b gzebis gadakveTis wertili aRvniSnoT O asoTi. sasadilo unda aSendes
AOB kuTxis biseqtrisisa da AB monakveTis SuamarTobis kveTis wertilSi.
6.11 figuraTa paraleluri gadatana

mizani: koordinatTa sistemaSi paraleluri gadatanis Semotana, paraleluri
gadatanis Tvisebebis Seswavla.
mocemuli wertilis paraleluri gadataniT miRebuli wertilis koordinatebis
gamoTvla, mocemuli figuris paraleluri gadataniT miRebuli figuris ageba,
paraleluri gadatanis koordinatebis gamoTvla.
meToduri komentarebi: saskolo kursSi paraleluri gadatanis Semotanis
ramdenime gza arsebobs. Cven avirCieT paraleluri gadatanis aRwera koordinatTa
sistemis daxmarebiT. es saSualebas gvaZlevs, moswavlisTvis ukve nacnob masalaze
dayrdnobiT davadginoT paraleluri gadatanis Tvisebebi. uadvilebs moswavles
paraleluri gadataniT miRebuli figuris agebas.
paraleluri gadataniT miRebuli figurisa da sawyisi figuris toloba am
paragrafSi damtkicebulia axali koordinatTa sistemis agebiT. am damtkicebis
Catareba SeiZleba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu klasis momzadebis done amis saSualebas iZleva.
winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi dakmayofildiT am faqtis TvalsaCino demonstraciiT.
paragrafSi moyvanilia paraleluri gadatanis meore ganmartebac. am etapze Cven ar
vamtkicebT am ganmartebebis ekvivalentobas. magram moswavleebi Sesabamisi
savarjiSoebis SesrulebiT paraleluri gadatanis am ganmartebasac unda daeuflon.
(ix. savarjiSo #10).
sarjiSoebis komentarebi da pasuxebi:

#1. A1 (2;3) . #2 B( 6;3,3) . #4 (1,5;0,7) .
#5. paraleluri gadatanis koordinatebia (1;4,5) , amitom F1 ( 4;9,5) .
#6. D ( 2;5) wertilis simetriuli wertilia D1 ( 2; 5) , amitom paraleluri gadatanis
koordinatebia (0; 10) .
#7. M (3; 1) wertilis simetriuli wertilia M ( 3; 1) , amitom paraleluri gadatanis
koordinatebia ( 6;0) .
#8. paraleluri gadatanis koordinatebi iqneba U (0; 2) , amitom paraleluri
gadataniT miRebuli PQ
1 1 monakveTis boloebis koordinatebia P1 (1;1) , Q (4; 3) .
AB -s simetriuli monakveTis boloebis koordinatebia ( 2;3) da ( 4;3) . cxadia,

A(2;3) wertili T paralelurma gadatanam A1 ( 4;3) wertilSi gadaitana, amitom
T ( 6;0) .
#9.
me-6 Tavis mimoxilva
# 3. VBDC tolferdaa, MD mediana biseqtrisacaa, amitom BMD = 900 .

B + MDB = 900 ,
BDM = 190
# 4. b da c wrfeebis gadakveTiT miRebuli kuTxis sidide ase gamoiTvleba:
1800 (360+820)=1800-1180=620.
88
# 6.
BK=AK;
P VBKC =36sm;
BK + KC + BC = 36;
AC + BC = 36;
AK + KC + BC = 36;
AB + BC + AC = 46 (sm). pasuxi: 46sm.
#9 pasuxi: 300,600,900.
3
x . radgan
4
# 10. wverosTan mdebare kuTxe aRvniSnoT x -iT, fuZesTan mdebare iqneba
samkuTxedis Siga kuTxeebis jami 1800-is tolia, SegviZlia davweroT gantoleba:
3
3
3
x + x = 1800 , saidanac x = 720 . maSin x = 540 . pasuxi: 720, 540, 540.
4
4
4
# 11. Tu R = x , maSin S wverosTan mdebare kuTxe iqneba 4x .
4 x = 840 + x, 3x = 840 , x = 280.
pasuxi: R = 280 , S = 680
x+
#14. a) BAC gayofilia or kuTxed, romelTagan erTs Tu aRvniSnavT x -iT, meore

iqneba 2x . e. i. x + 2 x = 840 , saidanac x = 280 . pasuxi: BAM = 280
BM + MC = BC aRniSvnebiT: y + 5 + y = 18 ;
b) aRvniSnoT: BM= y , maSin MC = 5 + y ;
y = 6,5 pasuxi: BM=6,5sm.
#15.
gavavloT BD biseqtrisa. miRebuli ADB
C
DK
samkuTxedi tolferdaa, amitom
simaRle medianacaa. DKB= BCD (ori
gverdiTa
da
kuTxiT).
aqedan,
C = DKB = 90 , e. i.
B
a
x + 2 x = 90 .
pasuxi: 300 , 600, 900.
#21. miTiTeba: tolferda samkuTxedis simetriis RerZi samkuTxeds or tol nawilad

yofs.
#22. samkuTxedis centrs SevaerTebT wveroebTan.

#23. gverdebis Suawertilebis SeerTebiT; #24. tolgverda samkuTxedis.
sakontrolo wera # 10
I varianti
1.
mocemulia:
KOP KOP= DBE
cnobilia,
rom
DE = 5,8 sm,
PK = 6 sm,
O = 85 , K = 35 . gamoTvale KOP -s Sesabamisi gverdebi da kuTxeebi.

0
2.
3.
D kuTxis gverdebze aRebulia B da N wertilebi, xolo biseqtrisaze A wertili.

daamtkice, rom BDA=NDA, Tu DAB= DAN.
samkuTxedis erT-erTi Siga kuTxe 320-is, xolo gare kuTxe 1160-is tolia.
gamoTvale samkuTxedis danarCeni Siga kuTxeebi
I I varianti
1.
mocemulia:
KOP= DBE
cnobilia,
rom
OP = 2,5 sm,
DB = 10, 2 sm,
D = 65 , B = 30 . gamoTvale DBE -s Sesabamisi gverdebi da kuTxeebi

0
2.
3.
D kuTxis gverdebze aRebulia B da N wertilebi, xolo biseqtrisaze A wertili.

daamtkice, rom BDA=NDA, Tu tolia monakveTebi: DB da DN.
89
gamoTvale samkuTxedis danarCeni Siga kuTxeebi.

Sefasebis sqema
I varianti
1. moZebna da Cawera toli gverdebisa da kuTxeebis wyvilebi 1 qula
2. a) aRmoaCina sami wyvili toli elementebisa 1 qula
b) sworad miusadaga samkuTxedebis tolobis niSani 1 qula
3. a) aRniSna, rom mocemuli kuTxeebi araa mosazRvre 1 qula
b) moZebna erTi Siga kuTxe 1 qula
g) Cawera samkuTxedis Siga kuTxeebis Tviseba 1 qula
d) moZebna meore Siga kuTxe 1 qula
sul 7 qula
4.
gamoTvale samkuTxedis danarCeni Siga kuTxeebi
damoukidebeli samuSaos Sesasruleblad maswavlebelma moswavles unda misces

Semdegi saxis miTiTeba:
.
Camowere sia, romeli Zeglis naxvas SesZleb.
gaamzade fotoaparati da gaemgzavre am Zeglebis suraTebis gadasaRebad.
aRmoaCine da fotoze daafiqsire.
moiZie sxva masala im Zeglebis Sesaxeb. maTSic daafiqsire geometriuli
formebi, simetria, paraleluri gadatana.
5. gaecani literaturas am Zeglebis Sesaxeb.
6. daaxarisxe Sen mier moZiebuli masala Tematikis mixedviT.
7. gaakeTe albomi.
8. moamzade Sesabamisi Tema. gamoaqveyne.
9. moawyve gamofena.
saukeTeso namuSevari maswavlebelma waradginos moswavleTa konferenciaze.
1.
2.
3.
4.
testi
1
a
2
g
3
d
4
b
5
a
6
d
7
g
8
d
9
g
10
a
11
a
12
a
13
b
14
g
15
d
16
g
17
b
18
g
19
b
20
g
21
d
22
g
23
b
24
g
25
a
TamaSebi
TamaSi: èstafeta~
mizani: ricxvebze moqmedebebis

TviTkontroli, TviTSefaseba.
codnisa
da
unar-Cvevebis
ganmtkiceba.
TamaSis aRwera:
dafaze, yoveli rigis pirdapir, maswavlebeli winaswar wers magaliTebs.
magaliTebis raodenoba emTxveva rigSi mjdom moswavleTa raodenobas (sasurvelia,
rigebSi moswavleTa raodenoba Tanabari iyos). maswavleblis miTiTebis Semdeg
TiToeuli rigidan gamodis TiTo moswavle da xsnis misi rigisTvis gankuTvnil erT
magaliTs, ris Semdegac èstafetis joxs~ gadascems momdevno Tanagundels. TamaSi
mTavrdeba maSin, roca erTi romelime gundi amoxsnis da Seamowmebs misTvis
gankuTvnil yvela magaliTs. (SeiZleba TamaSis organizebisTvis winaswar iqnes arCeuli
msaji, romelic gundebisaTvis qulebs daadgens).
davalebis nimuSi:
90
davaleba 1. daamrgvale:
I gundi
aseulamde:
measedamde:
erTeulamde:
meaTedamde:
aTeulamde:
II gundi
323
3,2345
32,3
3,2345
323
174
0,1742
1,74
0,1742
174
davaleba 2. Sekvece:
I gundi
II gundi
2
4
4
16
12
42
24
36
15
30
10
120
I mosw.
II mosw
III mosw
IV mosw.
V mosw
VI mosw.
III gundi
1025
1,025
10,25
1,025
1025
III gundi
2
6
4
12
25
100
16
28
18
60
12
120
IV gundi
V gundi
7521
2,7521
752,1
2,7521
7521
1258
11,258
12,58
11,258
1258
IV gundi
2
8
4
20
14
21
35
15
15
25
11
110
2
10
4
24
13
39
45
25
44
36
40
160
V gundi
2
12
4
28
8
32
25
30
25
15
40
200
davaleba 3. gamoTvale:
I mosw.
II mosw.
III mosw.
IV mosw.
V mosw.
VI mosw.
I gundi
II gundi
III gundi
1 1
+
2 3
1 1
2 3
2 3
+
5 4
4 4
5 7
1 1
+
5 6
1 1
6 7
1 1
+
3 4
1 1
3 4
2 3
+
3 4
3 1
5 2
1 1
+
6 7
5 3
6 4
1 1
+
4 5
1 1
4 5
6 5
+
7 8
11 3
12 4
4 6
+
5 7
5 1
7 3
TamaSi: `gvirilebi~
mizani: ricxvebze moqmedebebis
TviTkontroli, TviTSefaseba.
codnisa
da
unar-Cvevebis
ganmtkiceba.
TamaSis aRwera:
maswavlebeli dafaze winaswar amzadebs gvirilas (SeiZleba formatzec). gvirilis
TeTri da mwvane foTlebis raodenoba amosaxsneli magaliTebis raodenobas unda
91
emTxveodes. orive feris foTlebisa da yvavilis gulis zoma ise unda iqnes SerCeuli,
rom SesaZlebeli iyos maT SigniT ricxvebis (pasuxebis) Cawera. dafaze imdeni gvirila
unda exatos, ramdeni gundic monawileobs TamaSSi. gTavazobT TamaSis ramdenime
davalebas ori gundisTvis:
davaleba 1.
I gunds: TeTri carciT CawereT yvavilis furclebSi 40-is gamyofebi, mwvane feriT ki
foTlebSi 40-is jeradebi.
II gunds: TeTri carciT CawereT yvavilis furclebSi 60-is gamyofebi, mwvane feriT ki
foTlebSi 60-is jeradebi.
davaleba 2.
1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 5 12 13
1
, , , , , , , , , , , , ,
ricxvebidan
-ze didi
3 9 3 4 5 4 11 7 5 5 7 6 15 14
2
1
ricxvebi TeTri carciT CawereT yvavilis furclebSi,
-ze patara ricxvebi mwvane
2
1
feriT CawereT foTlebSi, xolo -is toli ricxvebi yviTeli feriT CawereT yvavilis
2
I gunds: Semdegi
gulSi.
1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 5 12 13
1
ricxvebidan
-ze didi
, , , , , , , , , , , , ,
3 9 3 4 5 4 11 7 5 5 12 6 15 14
3
1
ricxvebi TeTri carciT CawereT yvavilis furclebSi, -ze patara ricxvebi ki mwvane
3
1
feriT CawereT foTlebSi, xolo -is toli ricxvebi yviTeli feriT yvavilis gulSi.
3
II gunds: Semdegi
aseTive TamaSi SeiZleba SevTavazoT moswavleebs wesier da arawesier wiladebze,

nebismieri saxiT Cawerili ricxvebis Sedarebaze da a. S.
TamaSi: `mozaika~
mizani: ricxvebze moqmedebebis codnisa da unar-Cvevebis
ganmtkiceba.
TviTkontroli.
Tema: SeirCeva maswavleblis gadawyvetilebis mixedviT.
TamaSis aRwera: maswavlebeli winaswar amzadebs TamaS `mozaikis~ masalas. esenia:
1) polieTilenis gamWvirvale naWeri, romelzec daxazulia kvadratebi. TiToeul
kvadratSi weria raRac ricxvi.
2) naxati, romelic zustad im zomis kvadratebadaa daWrili, ra zomis kvadratebic
polieTilenzea daxatuli.
naxatis TiToeul kvadratze, ukana mxares, weria amosaxsneli magaliTi. ramdeni
gundic miiRebs monawileobas, imdeni naxati unda iyos mzad. naxatebs kvadratebad
maswavlebeli winaswar Wris, magaliTebsac zed winaswar awers. imdeni kvadrati
gamzaddeba, ramdeni moswavlec iqneba gundSi. rodesac gundebs daWrili naxatebi
daurigdeba (TiTo gunds TiTo naxati da erTi polieTileni), yoveli moswavle xsnis
Tavis magaliTs da ra ricxvic miiRo pasuxad, Tavis kvadrats polieTilenis im nomris
kvadratze debs, daxatuli nawiliT qvemoT. yvela rom morCeba amoxsnas, maswavlebeli
raime saSualebiT amagrebs kvadratebs (TiToeuli gundis miRebul pasuxebs) iseTive
saxiT, rogorc maT daalages, gadmoabrunebs da gamarjvebuli vincaa, maSinve gairkveva:
visi mozaikac sworad iqneba awyobili. Tu yvelam sworad aawyo, maSin romelmac ufro
swrafad amoxsna, is gundia gamarjvebuli.
92

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7 Klasis Matematika Maswavleblis Wigni

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Sesavali

ariTmetikuli moqmedebebi mTel da racionalur ricxvebze;

simravleTa Teoriis elementaruli cnebebi;

ZiriTadi geometriuli cnebebi: wertili, wrfe, sibrtye;

monacemTa analizi, albaToba da statistika

monacemTa Segroveba da organizacia;

maswavleblis wigni moicavs:

meTodur komentarebs savarjiSoebis Sesaxeb da pasuxebs;

mocemul masalaze dayrdnobiT saxelmZRvaneloSi ganxorcielebulia standartSi

mTel ricxvebze naSTiT gayofis Sesruleba, udidesi saerTo gamyofisa da

simravleTa Teoriis cnebebisa da aRniSvnebis gamoyeneba simravleebis Casawerad;

saxelmZRvanelos sabazo erTeulia paragrafi, romelic erT an or gakveTilzea

paragrafis tipuri agebuleba aseTia:

paragrafis momdevno nawili gaTvaliswinebulia saSinao davalebebisa da klasSi

mocemulia kiTxvebi da savarjiSoebi SeZenili codnis Sesamowmeblad;

gamoumuSavdes intuiciuri warmodgenebi geometriuli figurebisa da geometriuli

zogadi maTematikuri unarebi

mopovebasa da damuSavebas, naSromis prezentacias. moswavleTa jgufis mier

mimarTuleba: ricxvebi da moqmedebebi

Sedegebi da maTi indikatorebi

aTwiladis CanawerSi uTiTebs Tanrigebs da asaxelebs TanrigebSi mdgom cifrTa

gamosaxavs da adarebs uaryofiT ricxvebs poziciuri sistemis gamoyenebiT; axdens

ekvivalenturi formiT wers Sereul ricxvebs, aTwiladebsa da wiladebs; adarebs

poziciuri sistemis gamoyenebiT, konkretul magaliTebze asabuTebs gayofadobis

VII.2. sxvadasxva xerxiT asrulebs moqmedebebs racionalur ricxvebze

axdens mTel ricxvebze ariTmetikuli moqmedebebis modelze demonstrirebas (mag.,

`dadebiTi~ da `uaryofiTi~ erTeulovani `muxtebiT~, e. i. ori gansxvavebuli feris

iyenebs ricxvis Caweris ekvivalentur formebs, moqmedebaTa Sesrulebis

yofs ricxvs proporciul nawilebad da poulobs ricxvs misi mocemuli nawilis

axdens naturalurmaCvenebiliani xarisxis Tvisebebis demonstrirebas.

zepiri angariSisas iyenebs procentis kavSirs ricxvis nawilebTan; poulobs

irCevs da iyenebs racionalur ricxvebze ariTmetikul moqmedebebis Sesrulebis

VII.3. afasebs racionalur ricxvebze moqmedebaTa Sedegs.

gamoTvlebze sayofacxovrebo amocanis amoxsnisas iyenebs zepiri angariSis xerxebs

afasebs racionalur ricxvebze ariTmetikul moqmedebaTa Sedegis ricxviT

amrgvalebs racionalur ricxvebs miTiTebuli sizustiT; miaxloebiT poulobs

iyenebs Sefasebas aTwiladebze (weriTi algoriTmis an kalkulatoris gamoyenebiT)

VII.4. erTmaneTTan akavSirebs zomis sxvadasxva erTeulebs da iyenebs maT

irCevs da iyenebs Sesaferis erTeulebs sididis cvlilebis, moZraobis siCqaris,

xsnis praqtikul saqmianobasTan dakavSirebul da/an sxva saswavlo disciplinebidan

epoqis xangrZlivobis gansazRvra; amocanebi procentebze da proporciaze:

mocemuli wrfivi damokidebulebis gamoyenebiT gamosaxavs erT sistemaSi mocemul

erTi da imave mTelis procenti da nawili.

mimarTuleba: kanonzomierebebi da algebra

Sedegebi da maTi indikatorebi

mocemuli damokidebulebisaTvis Tvisebrivad da raodenobrivad aRwers, Tu ra

sityvierad Camoyalibebul debulebas sidideebs Soris damokidebulebisa da

sxvadasxva xerxiT (grafikulad, cxrilis saxiT, sityvierad, algebrulad) mocemul

VII.6. amocanis amoxsnisas iyenebs simravleTa Teoriis cnebebsa da operaciebs.

sxvadasxva xerxiT mocemuli simravlisaTvis gansazRvravs mocemuli elementis

problemis gadaWrisas iyenebs venis diagramebs simravleTa Soris mimarTebebis

sworad iyenebs simravleTa Teoriis cnebebs da Sesabamis aRniSvnebs simravluri

VII.7. amartivebs algebrul gamosaxulebas da xsnis wrfiv gantolebas.

VII.8. ganavrcobs da aanalizebs obieqtebis periodul mimdevrobas da mudmivi

periodul mimdevrobaSi gamoyofs mimdevrobis periods.

warmoadgens mimdevrobis mocemuli fragmentis gavrcobis or an met variants,

dasmuli amocanis konteqstidan gamomdinare irCevs mimdevrobis gavrcobis

ganavrcobs mudmivi nazrdis mqone ricxviT mimdevrobas; asaxelebs realur

pirdapirproporciuli damokidebuleba da misi gamosaxva grafikis da cxrilis

mimarTuleba: geometria da sivrcis aRqma

Sedegebi da maTi indikatorebi

VII.10. warmoadgens geometriul obieqtebs amocanis konteqstis Sesabamisad.

VII.11. axdens geometriul gardaqmnebs da iyenebs maT figuraTa Tvisebebis