Midterm:

Thursday, August 14, 2014

10:54 AM

Matrix: rectangular array of numbers

Elements: aij where i (row) and a j (column)
Matrix dimension: m (row) by n (column)
Operation of Matrix
1. Addition: Add the corresponding elements of matrices have the same dimension
a. *Zero matrix - matrix having zeroes for all its members. Also called additive identity.
b. You can only add if they have the same dimensions for both row and columns! (2x3 + 2x3)
c. Add each elements correspondingly.
2. Subtraction: Subtract the corresponding elements.
a. Additive inverse of a matrix: replace each element by additive inverse
b. You can only subtract if they have the same dimensions for both row and columns (2x3 + 2x3)
3. Multiplication:
a. Scalar product of a real number (K) - multiply each element by the number K. K times each element!
b. Multiplication of 2 matrices: Multiply the element in row i of the first matrix to the column j of the second matrix.
c. The product of an m x n matrix and n x p matrix is an m x p matrix.
d. Before multiplying, check first if they can be multiplied. Kailangang pareho yung means: column ng first matrix = row ng
second matrix.
e. A (3 x 2) * B (2 X 3) = C (3 X 3)
Determinants:
*Square Matrix: a matrix with the same number of rows and columns (Ex: 2x2, 3x3, 4x4)

Cramer's Rule:
The system of 2 equations in 2 variables:

Has a solution given by:

*Kung ano yung hinahanap na variable, palitan ng values ng C. Don't forget to divide the x, y and z by d!
If D = 0, then one of the situation occurs:
1. If D = 0, and the determinants of the numerators are also 0, then the system of the equation is dependent. Equation 1 and 2 is
just the same line.
2. If D = 0, and at least one of the other determinants is non-zero, then the system is inconsistent. Equation 1 and 2 form parallel
lines.

Advanced Algebra Page 1