Module 8

OSI Physical Layer

Objectives
Physical Layer Communication Signals
Physical Media Connecting Communication

Physical Layer
Communication Signals

Physical Layer Purpose

Transforming Human Network Communications to Bits

Physical Layer Operation

Representations of Signals on the Physical Media

Physical Layer Standard

Signal standards allow
a variety of devices
to interoperate

Standards allow different

companies to make
cables
and NICs, knowing they
will work together

Connector

Physical Layer Fundamental Principles

Physical Layer Fundamental Principles

Data Carrying Capacity

Units of Bandwidth, Throughput, and Goodput

The capacity of a medium to carry data is described as the raw data

bandwidth of the media.
Digital bandwidth measures the amount of information that can flow
from one place to another in a given amount of time.
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Data Carrying Capacity

Data Throughput and Goodput

Physical Media
Connecting Communication

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Types of Physical Media

Standards for copper
media are defined for the:
Type of copper cabling
used
Bandwidth of the
communication
Type of connectors
used
Pinout and color codes
of connections to the
media
Maximum distance of
the media

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Copper Media

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Copper Media
External Interference with Copper Media

Cable types with shielding or twisting of the pairs of wires are

designed to minimize signal degradation due to electronic noise.
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Unshield Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable

TIA/EIA-568 stipulates the commercial cabling standards for LAN installations and is the
standard most commonly used in LAN cabling environments. Some the elements defined are:
Cable types
Cable lengths
Connectors
Cable termination
Methods of testing cable

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Unshield Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable

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Other Copper Cable

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Other Copper Cable

Coaxial Cable
Design

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Fiber Media
Fiber Media Cable Design

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Fiber Media
Fiber provides full duplex
communications
with a cable dedicated to each direction.

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Fiber Media
Fiber Media Modes

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Wireless Media
Wireless Media Signal and Security

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Wireless Media
Wireless Standards and Types

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Wireless Media
WLAN Access Points and Adapters

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Media Connectors

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Media Connectors
Copper Media Connectors
RI45 Termination

Improper cable termination can impact transmission performance

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Media Connectors
Fiber Media
Connectors

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Good luck with this module!

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