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Background:
Degree of Hearing loss Range (dB HL):
Normal
-10 to 15
Slight
16 to 25
Mild
26 to 40
Moderate
41 to 55
Moderately severe 56 to 70
Severe
71 to 90
Profound
91+
*3 types of hearing loss:
-Sensorineural- due to cochlear or neural auditory dysfunction
-Conductive- this is a problem due to the outer ear or middle ear;
conducting sound waves
-Mixed- a combination of conductive and sensorineural
*Hearing loss affects areas of speech, grammar, vocabulary, and
reading
*Signs and Symptoms
Muffled hearing
Asking for repetition
Tinnitus
Difficulty attending
Difficulty understanding speech in noise
Turning volume up on TV/ music
Thinking others mumble
Difficulty understanding speech over phone
Difficulty understanding speech particularly from women and children
Rhyming mistakes
Not participating in activities/ isolating self
Speaking to loud or to soft
Poor academics
Delayed language and speech production development
Behavioral concerns
Auditory processing problems
*Phonology
- Children with hearing loss do not have the ability to hear quiet
speech sounds such as s, sh, k, t, so they usually tend not to use these
speech sounds when they talk.
*Morphology
- Children with hearing disorders tend to not be able to hear
word endings and usually do not use them in speech.
- Due to not being able to hear word endings the development of
morphology is very much behind for a child with a hearing
disorder.
*Semantics
-Usually show normal development in this area
-Tend to have to put more effort in accessing semantics and
usually have a higher rate of failing to be able to retrieve the
correct word meaning.
*Syntax
- Children with hearing loss tend to speak in shorter more simple
sentences
*Pragmatics
- Children who are placed in main stream general education
classes have shown in multiple studies to have a better sociopragmatic language competence than children who were enrolled in
special education courses.
- Hard time in comprehending direct, indirect, deceitful and ironic
communication acts
- Lack the ability to express wants and needs, have a hard time
acting appropriately in different situations and also lack the
ability to express empathy.
*Expressive/Receptive language
- Harder time discerning language
-Difficulty processing auditory language
-cannot attend to the social and object environment
simultaneously..
-..at risk for missing optimal language stimulation from their
environment..