Novo simulado INSS estilo CESPE. Teste seus conhecimentos gratuitamente! Responder Agora (questoes-de-concurso/gabarito-simulado-inss-cespe) x inglés x } (Cesgranrio x 1) 0278369 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/278369) _(/questoes-de~ concurso/questao/278369#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2014 - Petrobras - Conhecimentos Basicos - Todos os Cargos de Nivel Superior (Iquestoes-d Disciplina: Inglés (iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) - Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concursolquestoes/assuntol) = Coultar texto associado a questao Text! An Introduction to the Oil Patch ‘So you're thinking about a field job in the oil industry. If you haven't been involved in the oil patch before, you probably have no idea how vast ‘where to start your job search. Many sites §) convince you that you can get a job on an offshore rig making $10,000 a month without any experience or training at all, and while this is possible, i's not at all Hikely. Actually it can be tough to find a job in any field of the oil industry without some experience or training 10 First, you should realize that the oil industry isn't just driling rigs, pumpjacks, and gas stations. The oll industry is a lot lke the rnilitary in that it employs, people in nearly every profession. There are positions Such as roughneck or airgun operator, that are very 15. Specific to the oil industry; but there are also welders, medics, chemists, biologists, environmentalists, cooks, computer programmers, engineers, and a thousand more positions that are absolutely essential to the industry. You don't have to have experience 20 spectically inthe oil industry in order to have relevant experience, The oil patch isa lite bt different from most other industries. You'll soon lose the idea of a weekend as, you now know it.. The patch runs seven days a week 25 and in many cases, 24 hours a day. You'll be expected to work every day in all weather conditions, for weeks, ‘or even months at a time, The oil industry is also very production oriented; you'll make more money welding inthe oil patch than in another industry, but you'll work wv_fonger and harder for that bigger paycheck There are a few prerequisites if you want a field job in the oil pateh: + You must be in reasonably good physical condition, and be able to lit at least 50 Ibs. regularly 45. + For most positions. vou must have a valid driver'slicense + You must have suitable clothing for extended outdoor work and in most cases, hard toed safely boots. 4 + You should not have any medical condition which would make it unsafe for you to operate machinery. + You don't need to live in the city where your employers located, but in most cases you will have to pravide your own transportation to and from your 4s home from the employer's location (point-of-hire). If you live a long way from any area with oil and gas activity, you will have a very difficult time finding an + You must be willing and able to work hard for long s@ hours. This industry is all about production, and if you don’t produce, you're not an asset to the company. + You must be drug-free. Most companies conduct pre-employment drug screenings and random 58 testing of employees. If your test show signs of ilegal drugs in your system, you will not be hired. Most oil work requires you to live away from home, in motels or camps near the jobs. Your travel, accommodations, and meals will usually be paid by 6 your employer while you're working. Most companies also provide all required safety supplies, such as hard hats and reflective safety vests. You are required to supply your own work clothes, boots, gloves, etc. Before you leave for your first job, be sure you have 4 appropriate clothing to spend 14 hours outside. frostbite isn't fun, neither is heat stroke. ‘Much of the work in the oil industry is very physically demanding, especially in the entry level positions. There is no upper age limit, but you should 70. bewilling and able to workhard forlong hours, lift 50 Ibs regularly, and be in relatively good physical condition. Ifyou have back or other health problems that prevent strenuous activity, you may want to reconsider this line of work. Most companies require employees to 75 be at least 18 years old. A recent hearing test andlor medical evaluation may be required Many oilfield companies also require a pre- employment drug and alcohol screening. You should know that though you can make a lot of money in a ‘40° month in the oil patch, you can also make no money ina month. Most oilfield work isn't very stable, and you'll occasionally find yourself laid-off on short notice due to-a shortage of work... and called back on even shorter notice. Many people in Canada work in the cl 488- industry during the winter while is busy, then take the spring and summer off, or work non-oifield summer jobs. Offshore and overseas rigs usually operate year- round, offering a much more stable work environment; 40 but there are very few positions on these rigs that are available without any experience. If you're interested in working on one of these rigs, you may want to start with 2 catering job. All major offshore and overseas projects employ catering staff to provide reals for the 98. fig crew. These positions are often available without experience, and rig managers will often hire catering staff onto the rig crew if they need an extra hand, or if ‘a member of the rig crew gets injured or leaves. It's amatter of being in the right place at the right time, and 100 showing interest in working on the: rig. 5: (on: Aug. 28, 2012. Based on the meanings in Text I, the two items that express synonymous ideas are a) vast (line 3) — broad b) tough (line 8) — uncomplicated ¢) suitable (line 37) — inadequate 4d) random (line 54) — systematic e) demanding (line 68) ~ unchallenging 2) 278371 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/278371) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/27837 1#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2014 - Petrobras - Conhecimentos Basicos - Todos os Cargos de Nivel Superior (Iquestoes-d Disciplina: Inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) - Assuntos: (questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/) Ccultar texto associado questao Text! An Introduction to the Oil Patch So you're thinking about a field job in the oil industry. If you haven't been involved in the oil patch before, you probably have no idea how vast itis, or where to start your job search. Many sites wil try to §) convince you that you can get a job on an offshore rig making $10,000 a month without any experience or training at all, and while this is possible, i's not at all Hikely. Actually it can be tough to find a job in any field of the oil industry without some experience or training 10 First, you should realize that the oil industry isn't just driling rigs, pumpjacks, and gas stations. The oll industry is a lot lke the rnilitary in that it employs, people in nearly every profession. There are positions Such as roughneck or airgun operator, that are very 15. Specific to the oil industry; but there are also welders, medics, chemists, biologists, environmentalists, cooks, computer programmers, engineers, and a thousand more positions that are absolutely essential to the industry. You don't have to have experience 20 spectically in the oil industry in order to have relevants experience, The oil patch isa lite bt different from most other industries. You'll soon lose the idea of a weekend as, you now know it.. The patch runs seven days a week and in many cases, 24 hours a day. You'll be expected to work every day in all weather conditions, for weeks, ‘or even months at a time, The oil industry is also very production oriented; you'll make more money welding inthe oil patch than in another industry, but you'll work longer and harder for that bigger paycheck There are a few prerequisites if you want a field job in the oil pateh: + You must be in reasonably good physical condition, and be able to lit at least 50 Ibs. regularly = For most positions, you must have a valid driver's license. + You must have suitable clothing for extended outdoor work and in most cases, hard toed safely boots. = You should not have any medical condition which would make it unsafe for you to operate machinery. + You don't need to live in the city where your employers located, but in most cases you will have to pravide your own transportation to and from your home from the employer's location (point-of-hire). If you live a long way from any area with oil and gas activity, you will have a very difficult time finding an entry level job in this industry. + You must be willing and able to work hard for long hours. This industry is all about production, and if you don’t produce, you're not an asset to the company. + You must be drug-free. Most companies conduct pre-employment drug screenings and random testing of employees. If your test show signs of ilegal drugs in your system, you will not be hired. Most oil work requires you to live away from home, in motels or camps near the jobs. Your travel, accommodations, and meals will usually be paid by your employer while you'te working. Most companies: also provide all required safety supplies, such as hard hats and reflective safety vests. You are required to supply your own work clothes, boots, gloves, etc. Before you leave for your first job, be sure you have appropriate clothing to spend 14 hours outside. frostbite isn't fun, neither is heat stroke. ‘Much of the work in the oil industry is very physically demanding, especially in the entry level positions. There is no upper age limit, but you should bewilling and able to work hard forlong hours, ift 50 Ibs regularly, and be in relatively good physical condition. Ifyou have back or other health problems that prevent strenuous activity, you may want to reconsider this line of work. Most companies require employees to be at least 18 years old. A recent hearing test and/or medical evaluation may be required Many oilfield companies also require a pre- employment drug and alcohol screening. You should know that though you can make a lot of money in a ‘month in the oil patch, you can also make no money ina month. Most oilfield work isn't very stable, and you'll occasionally find yourself laid-off on short notice due to-a shortage of work... and called back on evenseaiot nuuee. many poUpe i waniaua worn Ht He oH 488- industry during the winter while is busy, then take the spring and summer off, or work non-oifield summer jobs. Offshore and overseas rigs usually operate year- round, offering a much more stable work environment; 40 but there are very few positions on these rigs that are available without any experience. If you're interested in working on one of these rigs, you may want to start with 2 catering job. All major offshore and overseas projects employ catering staff to provide reals for the 98. fig crew. These positions are often available without experience, and rig managers will often hire catering staff onto the rig crew if they need an extra hand, or if ‘a member of the rig crew gets injured or leaves. I's a matter of being in the right place at the right time, and 100 showing interest in working on the: rig. ‘Availabe a: Retrioved on: Aug. 29,2012. In the fragment “The oil industry is a lot like the military in that it employs people in nearly every profession.” (lines 11-13) the expression in that can be replaced, without changing the meaning of the sentence, by a) if b) but ©) because 4) even though e) provided that 3) 0269539 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/269539) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/269539#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2014 -EPE - Assistente Administativo - Apolo Administrativo (Jquestoes-de-concurso/provale Disciplina: inglés (questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concurso/questoesiassunto/) Ccultar texto associado questaoText! Protecting Patagonia Alte souhernmost tip of South America, one of the lat untouched expanses of land on the planet is ‘ow undorthrat af ireversibe desruction. Che's Patagonia is home to the snow-capped 4 Andes, dense tomperte ranforets, lsh valleys sh ‘meadows, abundant marino and rd species and ‘radtional communities ving @ low-impact lifestyle Ailof the could be davasiated ia proposed hyero- leche complex calles MiroAysén is constructed on 10 yo of the last ffee-fowing riers in the wold. The ‘massive dams woul: ‘ood 14,000 acres of imeplaceable wale habitat and ranching ins: ‘require construcing a new 1,200. mile4ong 1 “transmission ine that would. potently expose ‘and disrup! untouched wilderness in 17 national parks and reserves, 26 wellands and biodiversiy Eonservation sites, impact hundreds of private properties; and 2 + Syelthe populations of local owns without roving ‘adequate infastucture and services to handle is growth ‘While big eneray companies are lobbying fr this ‘t-concaved projec, Chis's vast renewable anecay 2 resources remain untapped and is energy efcieney ‘pporunitos unrealized. The Natural. Resourcas Defense Counc is working witha coalition to sop the HidroAyedn complex and help Chile instead reach is renewable energy ané energy afciency poten 0 Chea has vat renewable energy nesources and energy stiiency opportuniies and tne potential to become a worl leader in aan energy technologies. ‘The Chilean goverment has signed numerous renewable energy development nivatves vith 4s the US. and other counties. A key part of these agreements. includes informatien-sherng, whieh ‘means thal a dacsion to pursue renewable aneray fn Chile would help advance allematve enecay programs in the U.S. and around the word as we 4 loam fom groundoraking new programs. ‘Chie’ has unparalled potantal for renewable energy and energy efcioncy. The country has an Sundance of unlapped sola, wind and geothermal tneraysourona whic could see meet ts counts 4 ‘fire energy needs. Allo these altemative solutions aremore sustainable, less esinictve and more stable than the large hycrossletie and coal poner soureas {hal corenty dominate Chile's energy dusty. NRDCis working with abroad coaitonofckizens, 59 community groups and national and intemationl [NGOs fo oppose the hycro dam project and push or sustainable energy solutions Retowedon ies Wo kage The meaning of groundbreaking new programs (line 40) in Text | can be replaced, without change in meaning, by programs that a) break the ground. b) make use of the ground, ©) are innovative. 4) are unintelligent. @) require many workers.4) 0269541 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/269541) (/questoes-de- concursolquestao/269541#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2014 - EPE - Assistente Administrativo - Apoio Administrativo (iquestoes-de-concurso/provalc Disciplina: Inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) - Assuntos: (/questoes-de-concursolquestoes/assunto/) = Ocultar texto associado questo Textil ‘The Environmental Consequences of Natural Resource Extraction The environmental impact of society: dependence on natural resources ie undeniable, ‘though with these racourees eat up a the lfablood ‘of modem industry, many continue to downplay the {5 urgency of freeing ourselves from this dependence. ‘The most compeling and visual consequence of ‘burning carbon Based fuels are the resulting CO, femissions that act as greenfouse gases, the primary ‘contributor to global warming. However, a more 1 people study how the resources are developed, it ‘becomes apparent that the environmental damage from these extraction processes may be as significant {as the emissions. ‘A recent article fom Scientific American 1s demonstrates how lite 4s known about the dangers (of extracting natural gas from the earth Even though the process had been deemed safe by the EPA, new research suggests that thie may not be the case, ‘Complicating tha matter further is the fact that the 20 chemical misture that companios use inthe extraction 's considered a trade secre, and they are resistant fo ‘providing this info on the grounds of secrecy. The technology for buming coal with fewer emissions is expensive yet feasible, but there is no 2 account forthe environmental damage done during the extraction process. Moreover, arcund the globe, Ccrporations ara continually exploiting indigenous regions for their resources. A repot from the World Wildlife Fund detais the various problems that are 48 occurring in the Amazon region a6 aesull of resource ‘exploitation. explains the various affects that ofl and (985 extraction can have, Including deforestation, regional conflict, biodiversty loss, and sol and ‘aquatic pluton. Seling the rights to these resources 45 to companies can be a strong move ecanomically for poor regions, bul the long-term effects will greatly ‘uieigh the benefits on a global scale. ‘The need for alternative energy supplies ie urgent, and twill only serve the public to discuss the 4» full extent ofthe environmental dangers that carton based fuels pose. By not entering the dangers of ‘extraction into the case for developing clean energy the argument for implementing these technologies | diminished, and the needs of the environment will 45 continue to be overshadowed by global events tke the current financial criss. FRasovedon ion 108 2014 haopeAccording to the 2nd paragraph of Text Il, itis clear that a) a lot about the dangers of extracting natural gas from the earth is known. b) anew research has proved that gas extraction is completely harmless to the environment ¢) EPA did not consider the process of natural gas extraction safe 4d) the ignorance about the substances that companies use in the process of gas extraction is, a complex matter. e) companies do not reveal the chemical mixture they use in the extraction of natural gas, because the American goverment does not allow them to do so. 5) 0269755 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/269755) _(/questoes-de- concurso/questao/269755#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2014 - EPE - Advogado (/questoes-de-concurso/prova/cesgranrio-2014-epe-advogado) Disciplina: inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) - Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concursoiquestoes/assunto/) = Ocultar texto associado a questaoWhen the government of the French-speaking province of Quebec introduced a bill in November to stop public servants from wearing religious symbols, it gave @ community hospital in neighbouring Ontario 5 a chance to grab some new recruits. Lakeridge Health ran an advertisement in a Quebec medical-school newspaper showing 2 woman wearing a hijab and stethoscope over the caption: ‘We don't care what's on your head, we care what's in it” Applications 10 doubled, says Kevin Empey, the hospital's boss. ‘The Quebec govemment’s proposed ban and the Ontario hospital's welcome illustrate the poles in the Canadian debate on multiculturalism. Public hearings on the law began on January 14", Supporters say 15 that the ban is needed to enshrine state secularism; opponents that it is a cynical appeal to xenophobia by the minority provincial government of the Parti Québécois (PQ). Either way, the prediction of Jean- Frangois Lisée. a PQ minister, that the Quebec battle 20 could be the last stand in Ganada’s multicultural experiment does not stand up to close scrutiny. Immigration itself is not in question. Canadians, even in Quebec, overwhelmingly back mass immigration, which adds an average of 250,000 25 newcomers (roughly 0.8% of the population) each year. Firstgeneration immigrants make up a bigger share of Toronto's and Vancouver's populations than in many of the world's great cosmopolitan cities [. Unlike many Europeans, Canadians believe that so immigrants create jobs rather than steal them, says Jeffrey Reitz, a sociologist who has surveyed attitudes in Europe and Canada. This view is partly based on history. Modern Canada was built by successive waves of immigrants, first from Europe and more 3s recently from Asia Itis also a result of policies that since the 1970s have focused on admitting the most employable people. The government constantly tweaks its system of awarding points to prospective immigrants. for 40 languages, education and skill, in ordertomaich them with labour-market gaps. Younger applicants currently have an edge. An array of programmes, many of them focused on the ability to speak languages, help immigrants to settle in. 4s The Quebec dispute is not over numbers of immigrants, but how to accommodate them. In the 1970s Canada officially adopted the creed of “multiculturalism", a murky concept that celebrates cultural differences at the same time as pushing s0 newcomers to integrate. English-speaking Canadians see multiculturalism as central o their national identity, ranking below universal health care and the Canadianflag in a recent survey by Environics, a research firm, bbut above ice hockey, the Mounties and the Queen. 38 The governing Conservatives are blunter than opposition parties about the obligation on newcomers to integrate and about cultural practices, such as genital mutilation, that are unacceptable. But their Support for multiculturalism is not in question. After « the latest federal cabinet reshuffle there was even a tussle over who was the senior multiculturalism minister. By contrast, French-speaking Quebeckers have long been more tepid about the subject. Many think 45 it undermines their role as one of modern Canada’s founding cultures. The government in Quebec prefers the doctrine of “interculturalism’, which emphasises assimilation into the dominant culture. This is popular in rural areas, where immigrants are few and PQ 70 support is strong, butextremely unpopular in Montreal, “where most of the province's newcomers live. ‘Avalable at . Retrieved on: Jan. 18%, 2014. Adapted. In Text |, the author suggests that a) immigrants historically take jobs away from Canadians b) jobs are more easily found by immigrants in Europe than in Canada, ) Europeans think that immigrants take jobs away from them. d) the Europeans’ belief about immigrants is similar to that of Canadians. e) the Canadians’ view of the impact of immigration on jobs is less positive than the Europeans’ view 6) 0269762 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/269762) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/269762#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2014 - EPE - Advogado (/questoes-de-concurso/prova/cesgranrio-2014-epe-advogado) Disciplina: Inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) - Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/) = Mostrar texto associado a questaoTextil Coming to an office near you The effect of today’s technofogy on tomorow's jab wil be “immense—and no county is ready forit Innavation, the elir of progress, has aays cost ‘people ther jobs. In the Industrial Revolution artisan weavers were swept aside by the mechanical loom. ‘Over the past 30 years the digital revolution has 5 displace! many ofthe mid-sil jobs that underpinned 20th-contury middle-class Me. Typet, ticket agents ‘bank talers and many production tine jabs have been dispensed wih, just as the weavers were. For those, including his newspaper, who believe 4 that technological progress has made’ the world a bbetior place, such chum is a natural part of rising prosperity. Although innovation ils some jobs, i Creates new and betler ones, as a more productive Society becomes richer and its wealthier Inhabitants 1s. demand more goods and services. A hundred years ‘ago one in tie American workers was employed fon a farm. Today less than 2% of therm produce far ‘more foad. The milins freed from the land ware not consigned to oblessness, but found betier-paid work 1s the economy grew more sophisticated. Today the pool of secretaries has shrunk, bul there are ever ‘more computer programmers and web designers. ‘Optimism remains. the right starting-point, but {or workers he dislocating effects of technology may 4 make themselves evident faster than as benefit “Technology's impact wil feel lke a tamado, hiting the rch world fist, But eventually sweeping through ‘poorer counties too. No government is prepared for t 48 Why be worried? tts partly just a matirof history repeating iself. In tho early part of the Industial Revolution the rewards of increasing productivity went disproportionatly to capita: later on, labour reaped ‘most ofthe benelis. The pattem today is simila. The 45 prosperity unleashed by the Digital Revolution has {gone overwhelmingly to the owners of capital and the highest-skiled workers. ‘Many ofthe jobs most at isk are lower down tho ladder (logistics, haulage), whereas the skis that are 4 least vulnerable to automation (creativity, managerial ‘expertsa) tend to be higher up, £0 median wages are {kay to remain stagnant for some time and income gaps are likely to widen. ‘Anger about rising inequality is bound to grow, 4s but policians wilfin it hard to address the problem. ‘Shunning progress would be as fulle now as the Luddites’ protests against mechanised looms. were jn the 1810s, because any country that ted to stop ‘would ba lef behind by competitors eager to embrace “4 new technology. The freedom to raise taxes on the ‘ich to punive levels willbe sirmtary constrained by the mobility of capital and highly skiled labour‘The main way in which govemments can help their people through this dislocaion is through 438 education systems. One of the reasons for the |mprovement in workers’ fortunes in the latter part of the Industrial Revolution was because schools were but to educate them—a dramatic change atthe time. Now those schacie themselves need fo be changed. (te foster the creativly that humane ill need {0 set them apart from computers. There should be fess retelearning and more ertical thinking Innovation has brought great benefits tohumanty Nobody in their right mind would want to retum to 66 the world of handloom weavers. But the benefits of technological progress are unevenly distributed, ‘especialy in the early stages of each new wave, and {tis up to governments to spread thom. In the 19th Ccntury it look the threat of revolution to bring about 7» progressive reforms. Today's governments would do ‘wall lo start making the changes needed before their people get angry. ‘vale

, Fetroved ons tan 21 28 ape The boldfaced word in the fragments of Text II can be substituted, without change in meaning, by the word in italics in a) “labour reaped most of the benefits” (ines 33-34)- gained b) ‘prosperity unleashed by the digital revolution’ (line 36) - restricted. ) ‘to foster the creativity that humans will need” (line 60) - control 4d) “unevenly distributed’ (line 66)- homogeneously. ) “itis up to governments to spread them’ (line 68)- share 7) 269868 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/269868) (/questoes-de- concursolquestao/269868Himprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2014 - EPE - Analista de Pesquisa Energética - Conhecimentos Basicos (/questoes-de-concu Disciplina: inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/) cultar texto associado a questdoText! Canadian multiculturalism: the more the merrier When the goverment of the French-speaking province of Quebec introduced a bill in November to stop public servants from wearing religious symbols, it gave a community hospital in neighbouring Ontario 5. @ chance to grab some new recruits. Lakeridge Health ran an advertisement in a Quebec medical-school newspaper showing @ woman wearing a hijab and stethoscope aver the caption: "We don't care what's ‘on your head, we care what's in it” Applications 10 doubled, says Kevin Empey, the hospital's boss. ‘The Quebec government's proposed ban and the Ontario hospital's welcome illustrate the poles in the Canadian debate on multiculturalism. Public hearings ‘on the law began on January 14". Supporters say 15 that the ban is needed to enshrine state secularism; ‘opponents that it is @ cynical appeal to xenophobia by the minority provincial government of the Parti Québécois (PQ). Either way, the prediction of Jean- Frangois Lisée, a PQ minister, that the Quebec battle 2 could be the last stand in Canada's multicultural ‘experiment does not stand up to close scrutiny Immigration itself is not in question. Canadians, even in Quebec, overwhelmingly back mass immigration, which adds an average of 250,000 25 newcomers (roughly 0.8% of the population) each year. First-generation immigrants make up a bigger share of Toronto's and Vancouver's populations than in many of the world's great cosmopolitan cities |...) Unlike many Europeans, Ganadians believe that 440 immigrants create jobs rather than steal them, says Jeffrey Reitz, a sociologist who has surveyed atitudes in Europe and Canada. This view is partly based on history, Modem Canada was built by successive waves of immigrants, first from Europe and more 45 recently from Asia, is also a result of policies that since the 1970s have focused on admitting the most employable people. The government constantly tweaks its system ‘of awarding points. to prospective immigrants for 4o languages, education and skills, in orderto match them ‘with labouremarket gaps. Younger applicants currently have an edge. An array of programmes, many of them focused on the ably to speak languages, help immigrants to settle in. 4s The Quebec dispute is not over numbers of immigrants, but how to accommodate them. In the 1970s Canada officially adopted the creed of “multiculturalism”, a murky concept that celebrates cultural differences at the same time as pushing 4a newcomers to integrate. English-speaking Canadians ‘see multiculturalism as central to their national identity, ranking below universal health care and the Can:flag in a recent survey by Environics, a research firm, but above ice hockey, the Mounties and the Queen. ss The governing Conservatives are blunter than opposition parties about the obligation on newcomers to integrate and about cultural practices, such as genital mutilation, that are unacceptable. But their support for multiculturalism is not in question. After « the latest federal cabinet reshuffle there was even a tussle over who was the senior multiculturalism minister. By contrast, French-speaking Quebeckers have long been more tepid about the subject: Many think 45 it undermines their role as one of modern Canada’s founding cultures. The government in Quebec prefers the doctrine of “interculturalism’, which emphasises assimilation into the dominant culture. This is popular in rural areas, where immigrants are few and PQ 70 supportis strong, butextremely unpopular in Montreal, where most of the province's newcomers live. ‘Available at FRetieved on: Jan. 18%, 2014. Adapted. In Text |, the author suggests that a) immigrants historically take jobs away from Canadians b) jobs are more easily found by immigrants in Europe than in Canada, ¢) Europeans think that immigrants take jobs away from them. 4) the Europeans’ belief about immigrants is similar to that of Canadians. e) the Canadians’ view of the impact of immigration on jobs is less positive than the Europeans’ view. 8) 269870 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/269870) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/269870#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2014 - EPE - Analista de Pesquisa Energética - Conhecimentos Basicos (/questoes-de-concu Disciplina: Inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinafingles) - Assuntos: (jquestoes-de-concursoiquestoes/assunto/) = Ccultar texto associado a questaoText! Canadian multiculturalism: the more the merrier When the goverment of the French-speaking province of Quebec introduced a bill in November to stop public servants from wearing religious symbols, it gave a community hospital in neighbouring Ontario 5. @ chance to grab some new recruits. Lakeridge Health ran an advertisement in a Quebec medical-school newspaper showing @ woman wearing a hijab and stethoscope aver the caption: "We don't care what's ‘on your head, we care what's in it” Applications 10 doubled, says Kevin Empey, the hospital's boss. ‘The Quebec government's proposed ban and the Ontario hospital's welcome illustrate the poles in the Canadian debate on multiculturalism. Public hearings ‘on the law began on January 14". Supporters say 15 that the ban is needed to enshrine state secularism; ‘opponents that it is @ cynical appeal to xenophobia by the minority provincial government of the Parti Québécois (PQ). Either way, the prediction of Jean- Frangois Lisée, a PQ minister, that the Quebec battle 2 could be the last stand in Canada's multicultural ‘experiment does not stand up to close scrutiny Immigration itself is not in question. Canadians, even in Quebec, overwhelmingly back mass immigration, which adds an average of 250,000 25 newcomers (roughly 0.8% of the population) each year. First-generation immigrants make up a bigger share of Toronto's and Vancouver's populations than in many of the world's great cosmopolitan cities |...) Unlike many Europeans, Ganadians believe that 440 immigrants create jobs rather than steal them, says Jeffrey Reitz, a sociologist who has surveyed atitudes in Europe and Canada. This view is partly based on history, Modem Canada was built by successive waves of immigrants, first from Europe and more 45 recently from Asia, is also a result of policies that since the 1970s have focused on admitting the most employable people. The government constantly tweaks its system ‘of awarding points. to prospective immigrants for 4o languages, education and skills, in orderto match them ‘with labouremarket gaps. Younger applicants currently have an edge. An array of programmes, many of them focused on the ably to speak languages, help immigrants to settle in. 4s The Quebec dispute is not over numbers of immigrants, but how to accommodate them. In the 1970s Canada officially adopted the creed of “multiculturalism”, a murky concept that celebrates cultural differences at the same time as pushing 4a newcomers to integrate. English-speaking Canadians ‘see multiculturalism as central to their national identity, ranking below universal health care and the Can:flag in a recent survey by Environics, a research firm, but above ice hockey, the Mounties and the Queen. ss The governing Conservatives are blunter than opposition parties about the obligation on newcomers to integrate and about cultural practices, such as genital mutilation, that are unacceptable. But their support for multiculturalism is not in question. After « the latest federal cabinet reshuffle there was even a tussle over who was the senior multiculturalism minister. By contrast, French-speaking Quebeckers have long been more tepid about the subject: Many think 45 it undermines their role as one of modern Canada’s founding cultures. The government in Quebec prefers the doctrine of “interculturalism’, which emphasises assimilation into the dominant culture. This is popular in rural areas, where immigrants are few and PQ 70 supportis strong, butextremely unpopular in Montreal, where most of the province's newcomers live. ‘Available at FRetieved on: Jan. 18%, 2014. Adapted. In Text |, in terms of reference, the boldfaced word a) it in “it gave a community hospital” (line 4) refers to hospil 4), in neighbouring Ontario (line b) it in ‘we care what's in it’ line 9) refers to head (line 9). ) them in ‘rather than steal them” (ine 30), refers to skills (line 40). d) them in ‘many of them” (lines 42-43) refers to languages (line 43). e) This in “This is popular’ (line 68) refers to their role (line 65). 9) 269875 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/269875) (/questoes-de- concurso/questa/269875#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2014 - EPE - Analista de Pesquisa Energética - Conhecimentos Basicos (/questoes-de-concu Disciplina: inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concursoiquestoes/assunto/) Ocultar texto associado a questoTextil ‘Coming to an office near you The effect of today’s technology on tomorrow's ob wil be lmmense—and no country is ready fort Innovation, the elir of progress, has aways cost people thee jobs. In the Industrial Revolution artisan ‘weavers were swept aside by the mechanical loom. ‘Gyer the past 30 years the digital revolution has 5 displaced many of tha mi-sl jobs that underpinned 20th-contury middle-class ie. Typels, ticket agents, ‘bank tllors and many production line jobs have been dispensed with, just asthe weavers were, For those, including this newspaper, who believe 1 that technological progress has mada the world a better place, such chum is a natural part of rising prosperity. Athaugh innovation kils some jobs, i Creates new and better ones, as a mare productive Society becomes richer and its weather inhabitants 15. demand more goods and services. A hundred years ‘390 one in three American warkers was employed fon a farm Today less than 2% of them produce far ‘more food. The milion free from the land were not ‘consigned to oblessness, but found batter-paid work | as the economy grew more sophisticated. Taday the pool of secretaries has shrunk, but there are ever ‘more computer programmers and web designers. ‘Optimism remains. the right starting-point, but {or workers the dislocating ofects of technology may 2 make themselves evident faster than ts benefit ‘Technology's impact will fel tke a tornado, hiting the rch world first, Bt eventually sweeping through ‘poorer countries too. No goverment is prepared for t 48” Why be worrod? itis partly just amar of history repeating ise. In the early part of the Industrial Revolution the rewards ofncraasing productivity went disproporionatly fo capita: later on, labour reaped ‘most ofthe benetis. The patter today fs similar. The 48 prosperity unleashed by the Digital Revolution has {gone overwhelmingly to the owners of capital and the highestsklled workers ‘Many ofthe jobs most at isk are lower down the ladder (ogites, haulage), whereas the skis that are 4 least vulnerable to automation (creativity, managerial ‘expertsa) tend to be higher up, 80 median wages are likely to romain stagnant for some ime and income ‘gaps are likely to widen. ‘Anger about rising inequality is bound to grow, 45 but polticians wil ind hard to adérass the problem, ‘Shunning progress would be as fulle now as the LLuddites” protests against mechanised looms were in the 1810s, because any country that tied to stop ‘Would be left behind by competitors eager to embrace 50 new technology. The freedom to raise taxes on the ‘ich fo punitive levels willbe similarly constrained by the mobiliy of capital and highly skiled labour‘The main way in which governments can help their people through this dislocation is through 55 education systems. One of the reasons for the Improvement in workers’ fortunes in the latier part of the Industrial Revolution was because schools were ‘ult to educate tham—a dramatic change atthe time. Now those schools themselves need to be changed, (to fostor the creativity that humans will need to set them apart from computers. There should be loss arring and more erica thinking novation hasbrought great benefitstohumaniy. Nobody in their right mind would want to return to ‘6 the world of handloom weavars, Bul the benefits of ‘technological progress are unevenly clstributed, ‘especialy in the early stages of each new wave, and {81s up to governments to spread them. in the 19th ‘century It took the threat of revolution to bring about 11 progressive reforms. Today's govemments would do wal fo start making the changes needed before their people get angry. fattoved on san 2122084 Aap The boldfaced word in the fragments of Text II can be substituted, without change in meaning, by the word in italics in: a) “labour reaped most of the benefits” (lines 33-34)- gained, b) “prosperity unleashed by the digital revolution” (ine 35) - restricted, ¢) ‘to foster the creativity that humans will need” (line 60) - control d) “unevenly distributed” (line 66)- homogeneously ) “itis up to governments to spread them” (line 68)- share, 10) 0236312 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/236312) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/236312Himprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2014 - FINEP - Analista - Conhecimentos basicos - Nivel Superior (Jquestoes-de-concursolprc Disciplina: inglés (questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/) = Ocultar texto associado a questaoText GIVE PEOPLE AUTONOMY Giving people control over what they are doing ‘makes them work harder. by Susan Weinschenk, PD. in Brain Wise In previous blog post I wrote that one of the best ways to motivate people is to stimulate a desire for mastery ~ and that breaking things into small pieces and showing progress through the pieces encourages 5 the desire for mastery. Another tip for stimulating the desire for mastery is to give people autonomy. When people fee! that they have some control over what they are doing and how they do it, then their desire for mastery increases. They will then be motivated to 10 continue and keep leaming. If people fee! that they don't have any control or autonomy, then they lose the desire to leam and do more ~ they may lose the desire to master whatever task you are asking them to do. Here's an example: Let's say that you have created 15 a language leaming app. The desire for mastery will be automatically in play if the person wants to learn a language. However, if you want people to continue using the app, and use it frequently and often, then you hhave to do more than just present lessons in the app. 20 One way to further stimulate the desire for mastery, is to give them some control over how they use the app. You can provide different types of exercises and interactions, such as listening, writing, or speaking the language, and let them choose which exercises and 25 activities they need or want, and in what order to do them. If they feel they have control over how quickly they go through the lessons, which ones they repeat, which activities to engage in, and in what order, then they will be more motivated to keep learning. What do 40 you think? Have you tried giving autonomy to keep people motivated? ‘Avaliable at: . Retiaved on: Ot. 158 2073. Adapted In the sentence of the text: "They will then be motivated to continue and keep learning’ (lines 9- 10), the pronoun they refers to a) people in general. ) people who have a job, ¢) people who dont have a job. 4) language students. @) students at the university.11) Q159462 (/questoes-de-concurso/questaol159462) (Jquestoes-de- concurso/questao/159462#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2013 - BNDES - Técnico Administrative (iquestoes-de-concurso/provalcesgranrio-2013-bnde Disciplina: Inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) - Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/) Ccuttar texto associado questo Better Education Quality Needed Formal education and skills aren’t connecting in Latin America. By Gabriel Sanchez Zinny Education advocates in Latin America have long pushed for expanded access for all students, Indeed, access has improved, with secondary school completion rates climbing from 30 to 60 percent over ‘the past two decades. However, there is 2 growing realization that greater access alone will do little good ‘without higher quality. Business leaders, in particular, have argued that ‘there is a profound disconnect between what schools 1 areteaching and what is actually required fore worker to succeed in a globalized, innovation-driven, and knowledge-based modem economy. “There are very talented people in the region. All they need is a chance to develop,” says Felipe Vergara. cofounder of 1s Lumni, a company that invests in students’ education in exchange fora fixed portion of the income they will goon to receive with their improved career path. At the same time that the private sector is beginning to take matters into its own hands, a new 20 report from a team of Inter-American Development Bank education researchers, led by Marina Bassi and Jaime Vargas, has shed new light on the failures of Latin American education systems to prepare students for the job market. Entitled "Disconnected: Skills, 28 Education and Employment in Latin America’, the report uses surveys of both students and employers across the region to understand why and how this gap inskills is ocourring. The results are surprising. While access has 40 increased, in two other critical areas - quality and relevance - there has been ittletono progress, leaving students unprepared for the demands of the modem ‘workplace. The employers surveyed all pointed to the importance of what are known as “socio-emotional 35. skills", in contrast to traditional cognitive skills such as literacy and basic mathematics. Socio-emotional skills relate to personality, and include punctuality, politeness, work ethics, responsibility, empathy, and adaptability, and are especially oritical for workers 40 and managers in a globalized economy defined by itsoan ena cenreng re While high costs are certainly playing a role, itis clear that addressing the skills gap in Latin America will require 2 multifaceted approach. As the authors 4s of Disconnected” argue, schools must find ways to become more enaaged with the productive economy that surrounds them, and improve their ability to instill and evaluate the type of skills that the private sector is looking for. This effort should go beyond increasing the 5 access and completion of secondary school. It should involve more research, better teacher recruitment and evaluation, and incentives for developing sacio- ‘emotional skills Companies have a strong role to play, and some 88 of them are just not giving up. As Juan iramain, Vice President of Public Affairs and Communications in Coca Cola's South Latin region, puts it, “at the Coca-Cola Company we understand that in order to catch up with the necessary level of sustainability a of the globalized world, our business should rely ‘on the sustainability of the communities in which we operate. For some time now, therefore, we have been dealing with specialized NGOs to strengthen the work of parents and school. The aim is not only for #5 students to complete the school year, but also that they incorporate the curiosity and lifelong learning capabilities needed to work in the labor market of the 21% century. We just can't put up with @ school program that cannot prepare youngsters for a better 7m society” But above all, as the authors Marina Bass! and Jaime Vargas have argued, we must continue this dialogue between govemments and the private sector so that education reform can lead to increased 78 opportunity and economic development across the region. ‘Avaiablo at , Retiaved on: 20 May 2612, Adapted In the excerpt of the text - are especially critical for workers and managers in a globalized economy defined by its unpredictability and dynamism. - (lines 39 - 41) the possessive pronoun its refers to a) workers b) unpredictability ¢) managers ) dynamism e) economy12) 159607 (/questoes-de-concurso/questac/159607) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/159607#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2013 - BNDES - Nivel Superior - Conhecimentos Basicos - Todos os Cargos (/questoes-de-cc Disciptina: inglés (questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: (questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/) = Ocultar texto associado a questo Coworking: Sharing How We Work Genevieve DeGuzman Communication In the past, when trying to find places to work, independent workers, small businesses, and organizations often had to choose between several scenatios, all with their attendant advantages and 5 disadvantages: working fram home; working from a coffee shop, library, or other public venue: or leasing an executive sulte or other commercial space. Is there a better way to work? Yes. Enter coworking w Coworking takes freelancers, indie workers, and entrepreneurs who feel that they have been dormant or isolated working alone at home or who have been migrating from a coffee shop to a friend's garage or languishing in @ sterile business center — to a space 1s. where they can truly roost. "We can come out of hiding," a coworker tells us, “and be in a space that's comfortable, friendly, and has an aesthetic appeal that's a far cry from the typical cookie-cutter office environment.” 20 For many. it might be puzzling to pay for @ well- equipped space teeming with other people, even with the chance of free coffee and inspiration. You might ask yourself, "Well, why pay for a place to work when I'm perfectly comfortable at home and paying 25 nothing?” Or, “isn't the whole point of telecommuting orstarting my own business a chance to avoid ‘going tothe office’?” Coworking may sound like an unnecessary expense, but let's consider what you get from being 40 part of the space. At its most basic level, coworking is the phenomenon of workers coming together in a shared or collaborative workspace for one or more of these reasons: to reduce costs by having shared facilities 45 and equipment, to access a community of fellow entrepreneurs. and to seek out collaboration within and across fields. Coworking spaces offer an exciting altemative for people longing to escape the confines of their cubicle walls, the isolation of working solo at 40 home, or the inconveniences of public venues. The benefits and cost-savings in. productivity and overall happiness and well-being reaped from coworking are also potentially huge Enthusiasm and creativity become contagious and multiply when 4s you diversify your work environment with people from different fields or backgrounds. At coworking spaces, members pass each other during the day,“0 ™ 8 80 as ” conversations get going, and miraculously idea-tusion happens with everyone benefitting from the shared thinking and brainstorming Differences matter. Coworking hinges on the belief that innovation and inspiration come from the cross-pollination of different people in different fields or specializations. Random opportunities and discoveries that arise from interactions with others play a large role in coworking. To see this in action on a large scale, think about Google. Google made the culture of sharing and collaboration in the workplace legend. It deployed “grouplets’ for initiatives that cover broader changes through the organization. One remarkable story of a successful Google grouplet involved getting engineers to write their own testing code to reduce the incidence of bugs in software code. Thinking creatively, the grouplet came up with @ campaign based on posting episodes discussing new and interesting testing techniques on the bathroom stalls. "Testing on the Toilet” spread fast and garnered both rants and raves. Soon, people were hungry for more, and the campaign ultimately developed enough inertia to become a de facto part of the coding culture. They moved out of the restrooms and into the mainstream. Keith Sawyer, @ professor of psychology and education at Washington University in St. Louis, MO, has written widely on collaboration and innovation. in his study of jazz performances, Keith Sawyer made this observation, “The group has the ideas, not the individual musicians.” Some of the most famous products were born aut of this mosh pit of interaction — in contrast to the romantic idea of a lone working genius driving change. According to Sawyer, more often than not, true Innovation emerges from an improvised process and draws from trial-by-error and many inputs. Unexpected insights emerge from the group dynamic. if Increasing interaction among different peer groups within a single company could lead to promising results, imagine the possibilities tor solopreneurs, small businesses, and indie workers — if only they could reach similar levels of peer access as those experienced by their bigger counterparts. It is this potential that coworking tries to capture for its members. ‘Availabe at: > Retceved on: 21 Oct, 2041, Adapted The statements below represent opinions collected from different workers. The only one which can be considered as an argument against coworking is: a) One of the best things is that I pay lower than I would for a de pressured to go to the coworking facility every day. ited office, so | dont feel 'b) Though my home office is great and | love it, | sometimes need the distance and collaborative environment that my coworking space provides.¢) The vibe of being around others can fee! like a wave carrying you even when youre not sure Where to go if you need a little social boost 4d) Pethaps you wont like any of the other people at your coworking space, or that the proprietors arent putting much effort into socializing or collaboration e) The shared space provides instant community and a stimulating atmosphere around other professionals working towards the same intentions as | am. 13) Q159614 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/159614) (Jquestoes-de- concurso/questao/159614#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2013 - BNDES - Nivel Superior - Conhecimentos Basicos - Todos os Cargos (/questoes-de-ce Disciplina: Inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinafingles) - Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concursoiquestoes/assunto/) Ocultar texto associado a questo Coworking: Sharing How We Work Genevieve DeGuzman Communication In the past, when trying to find places to work, independent workers, small businesses, and organizations often had to choose between several scenatios, all with their attendant advantages and 5 disadvantages: working fram home; working from a coffee shop, library, or other public venue: or leasing an executive sulte or other commercial space. Is there a better way to work? Yes. Enter coworking w Coworking takes freelancers, indie workers, and entrepreneurs who feel that they have been dormant or isolated working alone at home or who have been migrating from a coffee shop to a friend's garage or languishing in @ sterile business center — to a space 1s. where they can truly roost "We can come out of hiding," a coworker tells us, “and be in a space that's comfortable, friendly, and has an aesthetic appeal that's a far cry from the typical cookie-cutter office environment.” 20 For many. it might be puzzling to pay for @ well- equipped space teeming with other people, even with the chance of free coffee and inspiration. You might ask yourself, "Well, why pay for a place to work when I'm perfectly comfortable at home and paying 25 nothing?” Or, “isn't the whole point of telecommuting or starting my own business a chance to avoid ‘going to the office’? Coworking may sound like an unnecessary expense, but let's consider what you get from being 40 part of the space. At its most basic level. coworking is thea5 “0 s “0 ™ 8 80 ss phenomenon of workers coming together in'a shared or collaborative workspace for one or more of these reasons: to reduce costs by having shared facilities and equipment, to access a community of fellow entrepreneurs. and to seek out collaboration within and across fields. Coworking spaces offer an exciting alternative for people longing to escape the confines of their cubicle walls, the isolation of working solo at home, or the inconveniences of public venues The benefits and cost-savings in. productivity and overall happiness and well-being reaped from coworking are also potentially huge. Enthusiasm and creativity become contagious and multiply when you diversify your work environment with people from different fields or backgrounds. At coworking spaces, members pass each other during the day, conversations get going, and miraculously idea-fusion happens with everyone benefitting from the shared thinking and brainstorming. Differences matter. Coworking hinges on the belief that innovation and inspiration come from the cross-pollination of different people in different fields or specializations. Random opportunities and discoveries that arise from interactions with others play a large role in coworking To see this in action on a large scale, think about Google. Google made the culture of sharing and collaboration in the workplace legend. It deployed “grouplets” for initiatives that cover broader changes through the organization, One remarkable story of a successful Google grouplet involved getting engineers to write their own testing code to reduce the incidence of bugs in software code. Thinking creatively, the grouplet came up with 2 campaign based on posting episodes discussing new and interesting testing techniques on the bathroom stalls. “Testing on the Tollet” spread fast and garnered both rants and raves. Soon, people were hungry for more, and the campaign ultimately developed enough inertia to become a de facto part of the coding culture. They moved out of the restrooms and into the mainstream. Keith Sawyer, @ professor of psychology and education at Washington University in St. Louis, MO, has written widely on collaboration and innovation. In his study of jazz performances, Keith Sawyer made this observation, “The group has the ideas, not the individual musicians.” Some of the most famous products were born out of this mosh pit of interaction — in contrast to the romantic idea of a lone working genius driving change. According to Sawyer, more often than not, true innovation emerges from an improvised pracess and draws from trial-by-error and many Inputs. Unexpected insights emerge from the group dynamic. if Increasing interaction among different peer groups within a single company could lead to promising results, imagine the possibilities for solopreneurs, small businesses, and indie workers — if only they could reach similar levels of peer access as those experienced by their bigger counterparts. It is this potential that coworking tries to capture for its members‘Avalabie at: Retrieved on: 21 Oct. 2071. Adapted The boldfaced verb form conveys the idea of strong necessity in a) independent workers, small businesses, and organizations often had to choose between several scenarios (lines 2-4) b) toa space where they can truly roost. (lines 14-15) ¢) it might be puzzling to pay for a well-equipped space teeming with other people (lines 20- 21) 4) Coworking may sound like an unnecessary expense (lines 28-29) ) If increasing interaction among different peer groups within a single company could lead to promising results (lines 87-89) 14) 0246025 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/246025) (Jquestoes-de- concurso/questao/246025#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2013 - BR Distribuidora - Técnico de Suprimento o Logistica Junior (Jquestoes-de-concursolp Disciplina: Inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/) = Ocultar texto associado questoMigration Why and how do animals migrate? From kids Discover Magazine Most birds and other animals migrate for three basic reasons. First, animals must look for food, and maybe they may have depleted the resources in a particular area where they are. Or they may be trying 5s to keep up with the changing patterns of available vegetation. This is what the zebras in Serengeti Forest in Africa do each year. They follow rainfall patterns in order to find ample and fresh vegetation. ‘Second, animals may migrate to escape extreme 10 seasonal temperatures. For example, many birds fly south to warmer climates, for the winter, while others travel to get special seasonal shelters. Little brown bats fly 200 to 800 km from their outdoor home to their winter caves that provide a safe place for them 15 to hibemate during the cold months. Third, animals migrate to get to their breeding ground. Salmon, for instance, swim from the ocean to the exact area of the river where they were bor. Then, they reproduce in this area before they die. » Now, in terms of how they migrate, if we are talking about day animals, they keep visual landmarks in their minds to help them move from one place to another. With the elephants, for instance, the oldest female memorizes the position of rivers, mountain 25 ranges and other fixed spots, in order to take the members of the herd to food and fresh water. Flying animals such as birds and insects may use the position of the sun to guide them as a compass. If they are night animals, their specialized nocturnal vision 40 allows them to see the shades of the trees in the dark. But to migrate at night in the forest, night animals’ preferred method is by guiding themselves by ‘observing the position of the stars, just like exploring navigators used to do in the XV century. ‘Available at: Retrieved on: nov. 20, 2012. Adapted. In the text, the third reason given for an animal to migrate is to a) reproduce. b) swim, ¢) die. 4) be bome) escape, 15) 0338 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/338) _(/questoes-de-concurso/questao/338Mimprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Petrobras - Engenheiro Agrénomo Junior -2012 (iquestoes-de-concurso/provalcesgr: Disciplina: Inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplina/ingles) - Assuntos: Interpretagdo de Textos (/questoes-de-concursolquestoes/assunto/Interpreta%C3%A7%C3%A30+de+Textos) = Ocultar texto associado a questo [,.imagem-retificada-texto-002 jpg ‘The fragment that closes Text II, be aware that you will need to roll up your sleeves and work hard for the first couple years, and you will be rewarded in the end, (lines 23-25), implies that one must a) make an effort to commit totally to ones job in the initial phase, in order to reach success in the future, bb) wear formal clothes to work so that, as years go by, a couple of top-rank officers can recognize ones worth ) accept jobs with severe routines only in order to obtain early promotions. ) avoid postponing assigned tasks and wearing inappropriate clothes in the working environment. e) show commitment to the working routine and demand the rewards frequently offered to senior employees. 16) 0340 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/340) _(/questoes-de-concurso/questao/340#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Petrobras - Engenheiro Agrénomo Junior -2012 (/questoes-de-concursolprovaicesgr: Disciplina: Inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplina/ingles) - Assuntos: Tempos verbais (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/Tempos*verbais) Ccultar texto associado questo[imagem -retificadia-texto-002,jpg The only fragment from Text | that presents a series of actions exclusively performed in the past is a) | chose the oil and gas industry because of the challenging projects, and | want to be part of our countrys energy solution. (lines 17-19) 'b) | held that position for three years. | left that company to join a new startup company where | hold the position of president. (lines 46-48) ¢) My first job in the oil and gas industry was an internship with Mobil Oil Corp., in New Orleans. | worked with a lot of smart, focused and talented geoscientists and engineers. (lines 49-52) d) At the office, | am involved in the daily business operations and also stay closely involved in the projects and the sales efforts. (lines 77-80) ) On most days | work on my computer to complete my projects. | interpret logs, create maps, research local and regional geology or write documents. (lines 87-0) 17) Q345 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/345) _(/questoes-de-concurso/questao/345Himprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Petrobras - Engenheiro Agrénomo Junior -2012 (/questoes-de-concurso/provaicesgr: Disciplina: Inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplina/ingles) - Assuntos: Interpretagao de Textos (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/Interpreta%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+Textos) Ocultar texto associado a questo [pimagem-retificada-texto-002 jpg In Text |, using the interviewees experience, it can be said that getting a job in the O&G industry can result from all the following situations, EXCEPT a) participating in a job fair. b) taking part in O&G Industry interviews. €) applying to specific job ads via internet sites. 4d) attending a university where major oil companies look for prospective employees.@) getting previous experience in an intemship program with an O&G organization. 18) Q151076 (/questoes-de-concurso/questaol151076) (Iquestoes-de- concurso/questao!151076#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Innova - Advogado Jtinior (/questoes-de-concursolprovaicesgranrio-2012-innova-advt Disciplina: Inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concursoiquestoes/assunto/) Mostrar texto associado a questaoText Il The Underwater Centre secures its biggest ever contract — worth $1.3mi n = to train Russ saturation ‘Your Olland Gas News Magazine The world's leading commercial diver and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) training facility, based in the Scottish Highlands and Australia, has secured its biggest ever contract — worth USS 4.3 milion — s to tain Russian saturation divers. The award cements its: reputation as @ major service provider for the growing worldwide oil and gas industry. The men, already experienced air divers, were trained on saturation procedures and techniques 1 and will receive the Australian Diver Accreditation Scheme (ADAS) and the Closed Bell certification. More advanced than the ADAS, the Closed Bell is the certification appropriate to deep water dives of 60 meters / 200 feet, using a trimix tank with 16 percent 15 oxygen (02). During the training, divers lived ina chamber for up to 28 days, which was pressurized to the same pressure of the sea, exactly at the depth that they will be working at. Living and working at pressure mean 20 that they can be transported quickly and efficiently to the work site under the water without decompression stops, allowing divers to. work in much greater depths and for much longer periods of time. MRTS Managing Director Alexender Kolikov 25 said: “Oil and gas firms in Russie are currently facing asskills shortage due to the rapidly increasing amount of exploration work underway at the moment. By investing in the training of our divers in saturation diving, we are addressing this need for experts in 49 maintenance and repair activities vital to maintaining Russia's subsea infrastructure.” Steve Ham, General Manager at the Fort William Centre said: ‘We were delighted when MRTS chose The Underwater Centre to train its divers in saturation 3s diving, and | think this is testament to the hard work we have been putting in to ensure our reputation as a world-class training facility Available at: , Retrieved on: 28 June 2012. Adapted In Text Il, the possessive pronoun its (line 6) refers to a) commercial diver and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) training facility (lines 1-2) b) Scottish Highlands and Australia (line 3) ¢) biggest ever contract (line 4) ) Russian saturation divers (line 5)@) oil and gas industry (line 7) 19) Q155237 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/155237) (Iquestoes-de- concurso/questao/155237#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - EPE - Nivel Superior - Conhecimentos Basicos - Todos 0s Cargos (/questoes-de-conct Disciplina: Inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concursoiquestoes/assunto/) Mostrar texto associado questoText Il Has Higgs been really discovered? by Scientiie American Top physicists have recently reached a frenzy over the announcement that the Large Hadron Collider in Geneva is planning to release what is widely expected to be tantalizing — although not conclusive — evidence for the existence of the Higgs boson, the elementary particle hypothesized to be the ‘origin of the mass of all matter: Many physicists have already swung into action, swapping rumors about the contents of the 10 announcement and proposing grand ideas about what those rumors would mean, if true. “It’s Impossible to be excited enough,” says Gordon Kane, a theoretical physicist at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. The spokespeople of the collaborations using the cathedral-size ATLAS and CMS detectors to search for the Higgs boson and other phenomena at the 27-kilometer-circumference proton accelerator of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are scheduled to present updates based on analyses of the data collected to 20 date. “There won't be adiscovery announcement, butit -does promise to be interesting, since there are rumors ‘that scientists have seen hints of the elusive Higgs boson” says James Gillies, spokesperson for CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), which hosts the LHC. Joe Lykken, a theoretical physicist at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Il, and 2 member of the CMS collaboration, says: “Whatever happens eventually with the Higgs, | think we'll look 40 back en this meeting and say. 'This was the beginning ‘of something." (As @ CMS member, Lykken says heis not yet sure himself what results ATLAS would unvell he is bound by his collaboration’s rules nat to reveal ‘what CMS has in hand.) ‘Avaliable at: Retrieved on: 11 Dec. 2011. Adapted The following fragment of Text Il is NOT completed correctly in a) using the cathedral-size ATLAS and CMS detectors, (lines 14-15) has as its subject the spokespeople of the collaboration. bb) and other phenomena (line 16) has a word whose plural form is phenomenon. ¢) based on analyses of the data collected to date. (lines 19-20) means the analyses, collected up to that time. d) it does promise to be interesting (lines 20-21) has an auxiliary verb used for emphasis@) have seen hints of the elusive Higgs boson (lines 22-23) has words whose synonyms are respectively cues and obscure. 20) 155244 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao!155244) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/155244#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - EPE - Nivel Superior - Conhecimentos Basicos - Todos os Cargos (/questoes-de-conci Disciplina: Inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinafingles) - Assuntos: Interpretagao de Textos (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/interprela%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+Textos) Ccultar texto associado questaoText! ‘The Microbial Puppet-Master by Valerie Ross from Discover Magazine Mind & Brain! Memary, Emotions & Decsions When Timothy Lu was in medical school, he treated @ veteran whose multiple sclerosis was so severe that she had to use urinary catheter. As often happens with invasive medical devices, the catheters $s became infected with biofilms: gooey, antibiotic- resistant layers of bacteria. Now the 30-year-old MIT professor, who first trained as an engineer, designs viruses that destroy biofilms, which cause everything from staph infections to cholera outbreaks and that 10 account for 65 percent of human infections overall Discover: You started as an_ electrical engineer. Was it a difficult transition becoming a biologist? Lu: | came into the lab not really understanding 18 how to do biology experiments and deal with chemicals. I'm not @ great experimentalist with my hands, and one night | set the lab on fire. cover: How does a biofilm work, from an engineering perspective? 20 Lu: A biofilm is essentially a three-dimensional community of bacteria that live together, kind of like @ bacterial apartment building or city. Biofilms are made up of the bacterial cells as well as all sorts of other material — carbohydrates, proteins, and so on —that, 25 the bacteria build to protect themselves. Discover: And those communities make bacteria especially dangerous? Lu: Before | started medical school, | didn't think bacterial infections were 2 big deal, because 40 | assumed antibiotics had taken care of them, but then | started seeing patients with significant biofilm infections that couldn't be cured. cover: What is your strategy to destroy biofilms? a5 Lu: We use viruses called phages that infect bacteria but not human cells. We cut the phages’ DNA. and insert a synthetic gene into the phage genome. That gene produces enzymes that can go out into the biofilm and chew it up. “o iscover: If you hadjust$10 for entertainment, how would you spend your day? Lu: What can you even buy with $10? Maybe | would buy @ magnifying glass and just peer around in the soil to see what other life was going on down 45 there, That would actually be fun. Avallabieat:. Retrieved on: 11 Sep. 2011. Adapted. In Text |, Lu describes himself in a biology lab asa) methodic b) relaxed ©) clumsy 4) paranoid ) unconscious 21) Q155275 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/155275) (/questoes-de- concursolquestao/155275#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - EPE - Assistente Administrativo (/questoes-de-concursolprova/cesgranrio-2012-epe-a: Disciplina: Inglés (iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: Interpretagao de Textos (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/Interpreta%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+Textos) Ocultar texto associado a questoText Il Soda consumption increases risk of stroke and vascular disease By John Philip ‘Americans drink morethan 216 liters of carbonated soft drinks each year, @ number that continues to increase at an alarming rate. Many people use low- calorie diet soda in 2 futile effort to lose weight. Yet they find that these drinks have the opposite effect leading them to be overweight or obese. The high acid content in most carbonated beverages removes calcium and other ritical nutrients from the bone and tissues, significantly increasing 10 disease risk over years of consumption. Researchers from Cleveland Clinic's Wellness Institute and Harvard University have reported the result of a study in the American Joumal of Clinical Nutrition, the first to examine soda's effect on stroke 15 tisk and vascular diseases Past studies have linked suger-sweetened beverage consumption with weight gain, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, gout and coronary artery disease, but current research has 20, implicated diet soft drink consumption with increased disease risk and weight gain due to depletion of essential minerals. Lead study author Dr Adam Bemstein noted “Soda remains the largest source of added sugar in 25 the diet. What we're beginning to understand is that regular intake of these beverages sets off 2 chain reaction in the body that can potentially lead to many diseases, including stroke. Researchers analyzed soda consumption among 43,371 men and 84,085 30 women over a time span of nearly thirty years. During that time, 2,938 strokes were documented in women while 1,416 strokes were documented in men.” Despite the millions of dollars spent by soda marketers to instill the virtues of drinking soda, 35 there is nothing healthy about consuming any type of carbonated beverage. Moreover, the study did note that drinking coffee was associated with a 10% lower risk of stroke, compared to drinking sweetened beverages wo Regarding low calorie drinks, researchers ‘concluded “older adults who drank diet soda daily had @ 43% increased risk of heart attacks or strokes compared to those that never drank diet sode’ The suggestion is to substitute carbonated 4s beverage consumption with an antioxidant packed cup of green tea or coffee to significantly reduce risk of strokes and vascular diseases. Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections Magazine. May 12, 2012 ‘Avalable at: . Retsaved on: $ May 2012. Adapted ‘According to Text I, a detrimental habit among Americans is a(n)a) decreasing number of people taking calcium supplements. bb) decreasing amount of high acid nutrients in the daily diet, ) decreasing amount of overweight and obese people looking for medical assistance. d) increasing intake of soda each year. ) increasing number of people on a low calorie diet 22) Q171416 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/171416) (/questoes-de- concursolquestao/171416Himprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - TRANSPETRO - Administrador Jénior (Jquestoes-de-concurso/provalcesgranrio-2012. Disciplina: Inglés (iquestoes~de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: 4q. Vocabulario | Vocabulary (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/g+Vocabul%C3%Atrio+%7C+Vocabu s.sinénimos - synonymous (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/s.+sin%C3%Bdnimos+-tsynonymous) .3 Oposto | Opposite (Jquestoes-de-concurso/questoes/assuntola.3+Oposto+%7C+Opposite) = Ocultar texto associado a questo Safety Meeting Presentation Today's meeting is really about you. i can stand in front of you and talk about working safely and what procedures to follow unti I'm blue in the face. But until you understand the need for working safely, until you are willing to be responsible for your safety, it doesn't mean a whole lot. Some of you may be familiar with OSHA — the Occupational Safety & Health Administration. The sole purpose of this agency is to keep American 10 workers safe. Complying with OSHA regulations isn't always easy, but if we work together, we can do it Yet, complying with regulations is not the real reason for working safely. Our real motive is simple. We care about each and every one of you and will do what is 15 necessary to prevent you from being injured. However, keeping our workplace safe takes input from everyone. Management, supervisor, and all of you have to come together on this issue, or we're in trouble. For example, upper management 20 has to approve the purchase of safe equipment Supervisors, including myself, have to ensure that each of you knows how to use that equipment safely Then it's up to you to follow through the task and use the equipment as you were trained. If any one part of this chain falls, accidents are going to happen and people are going to get hurt. Responsibility Number One - Recognize Hazards‘At the core of your safety responsibilities lies the task of recognizing safety and health hazards 40 In order to do that, you must first understand what constitutes a hazard. Extreme hazards are often obvious. Our hopes are that you won't find too many of those around here. There are, however, more subtle hazards that 45 won't jump up and bite you. As a result of your safety training and meetings like these, some things may come to mind. For example, a machine may not be ‘easy to lock out. Common practice may beto use atag, This is a potential hazard and should be discussed. 40 Maybe something can be changed to make it easier to use 2 lock. Other subtle hazards include such things as frayed electrical cords, a loose machine guard, a uttered aisle, or maybe something that just doesn't look right. 4s Responsibility Number Two - Report Hazards A big part of recognizing hazards is using your instincts. Nobody knows your job as well as you do, 80 we're counting on you to let us know about possible problems. Beyond recognizing hazards, you 0 have to correct them or report them to someone who can. This too, is a judgement call. For example, if something spills in your work area you can probably clean it up yourself. However, if there is an unlabeled chemical container and you have no idea what it is, $8 you should report it to your supervisor. Additional Employee Responsibilities Good housekeeping is @ major part of keeping your work area safe. For example, you should take @ few minutes each day to ensure that aisles, hallways, 60 and stairways in your work area are not obstructed. If boxes, equipment, or anything else is left to pile up, you have a tripping hazard on your hands. Those obstructions could keep you from exiting the building ‘quickly and safely should you face an emergency #s situation. ‘Also watch out for spills. These can lead to slips and falls. Flammable materials are another thing to be aware of. Make sure they are disposed of properly. Keep Thinking. Even if you're doing your job 70 safely and you are avoiding hazards, there are often even better ways to work safely. if you have ideas for improving the safety of your job or that of co-workers, share them. Concluding Remarks 7s Whilenothing we do can completely eliminate the threat of an incident, we can work together to improve ‘our odds. As | said, this must be a real team effort and I'm counting on input from all of you. Let's keep communicating and continue to improve safety. Avaliable at: . Retieved on: Apri st, 2072. Adapted Based on the meanings in the text, it is clear thata) sole (line 9) and only express similar ideas. b) injured (line 15) and hurt are antonyms. ) ensure (line 21) and guarantee express contradictory ideas. ) subtle (line 41) and obvious are synonyms. e) odds (line 77) and probabilities do not have equivalent meanings. 23) Q171423 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/171423) _(/questoes-de- concurso/questaol171423#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - TRANSPETRO - Administrador Junior (Iquestoes-de-concurso/provaicesgranrio-2012 Disciplina: Inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) - Assuntos: | Interpretagao de texlo | Reading comprehension (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assuntoll.+interpreta%C3 Ccultar texto associado questao Safety Meeting Presentation Today's meeting is really about you. i can stand in front of you and talk about working safely and what procedures to follow unti I'm blue in the face. But until you understand the need for working safely, until you are willing to be responsible for your safety, it doesn't mean a whole lot. Some of you may be familiar with OSHA — the Occupational Safety & Health Administration. The sole purpose of this agency is to keep American 10 workers safe. Complying with OSHA regulations isn't always easy, but if we work together, we can do it Yet, complying with regulations is not the real reason for working safely. Our real motive is simple. We care about each and every one of you and will do what is 15 necessary to prevent you from being injured. However, keeping our workplace safe takes input from everyone. Management, supervisor, and all of you have to come together on this issue, or we're in trouble. For example, upper management 20 has to approve the purchase of safe equipment Supervisors, including myself, have to ensure that each of you knows how to use that equipment safely Then it's up to you to follow through the task and use the equipment as you were trained. If any one part of this chain fails, accidents are going to happen and people are going to get hurt. Responsibility Number One - Recognize Hazards ‘At the core of your safety responsibilities lies the task of recognizing safety and health hazards.40 In order to do that, you must first understand what constitutes a hazard. Extreme hazards are often obvious. Our hopes are that you won't find too many of those around here There are, however, more subtle hazards that 438 won't jump up and bite you. As a result of your safety training and mestings like these, some things may come to mind. For example, a machine may not be easy to lock out. Common practice may beto use atag. This is @ potential hazard and should be discussed. 40 Maybe something can be changed to make it easierto use @ lock. Other subtle hazards include such things as frayed electrical cords, a loose machine guard, 2 cluttered aisle, or maybe something that just doesn't, look right. 4s Responsibility Number Two - Report Hazards A big part of recognizing hazards is using your instincts. Nobody knows your job a5 well as you do, 80 we're counting on you to let us know about possible problems. Beyond recognizing hazards, you 0 have to correct them or report them to someone who can. This too, is a judgement call. For example, if something spills in your work area you can probably clean it up yourself. However, if there is an unlabeled chemical container and you have no idea what it is, 8 you should report it to your supervisor. Additional Employee Responsibilities Good housekeeping is @ major part of keeping your work area safe. For example, you should take @ few minutes each day to ensure that aisles, hallways, 60 and stairways in your work area are not obstructed. If boxes, equipment, or anything else is left to pile Up, you have a tripping hazard on your hands. Those obstructions could keep you from exiting the building quickly and safely should you face an emergency #5 situation. ‘Also watch out for spills. These can lead to slips and falls. Flammable materials are another thing to be aware of. Make sure they are disposed of properly. Keep Thinking. Even if you're doing your job 70 safely and you are avoiding hazards, there are often even better ways to work safely. if you have ideas for improving the safety of your job or that of co-workers, share them. Concluding Remarks 7s Whilenothing we do can completely eliminate the threat of an incident, we can work together to improve. ‘our odds. As | said, this must be a real team effort and I'm counting on input from all of you. Let's keep communicating and continue to improve safety. Avaliable at: . Retieved on: Apri st, 2072. Adapted, The main purpose of the text is toa) blame supervisors and managers who cannot use equipment safely in the office. b) inform employees that the use of instincts is all it takes to prevent dangers at work. ) present OSHA to American workers who had never heard about this organization 4) argue that the acquisition of modem and safer equipment can prevent all job accidents. e) encourage the cooperation of all employees so as to prevent dangers in the workplace. 24) Q174143 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/174143) (/questoes-de- concursolquestao/174143#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - DECEA - Controlador de Trafego Aéreo Cédigo (/questoes-de-concurso/provalcesgrat Disciplina: inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: P. Verbos | Verbs (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assuntolp.+Verbos+%7C+Verbs) 9.3 Verbos modais | Modal verbs (Iquestoes-de-concursolquestoes/assunto/p.9.3#Verbostmodais+%7C+Mc Mostrar texto associado @ questéo Text Il President Obama to Sleepy Air Controllers: "Better Do Your Job’ Lisa Stark and Andrew Springar President Obama lectured air traffic controllers in an exclusive interview with ABC News, impressing ‘on them the enormous responsibility of safeguarding flying passengers and telling them, “You better do S$ yourjob.” The president spoke efter several controllers were caught asleep on the job and the man in charge of air traffic control, Hank Krakowski, resigned on Thursday. ” "The individuals who are falling asleep on the job. that's unacceptable,” the president told ABC News’ George Stephanopoulos in an exclusive interview on Thursday. “The fact is, when you're responsible for the lives and safety of people up in the air, you 15 betterdo your job. So, there's an element of individual responsibility that has to be dealt with.” Five controllers have been suspended for apparently napping on the job while planes were trying to land at their airports, 20 The president said a full review of air tratfic control work shifts is under way. “What we also have to look at is-air trafic control systems. Do we have enough back up? Do we have enough people? Are they getting enough rest time?" 28 Obama said.He added, however, “But it starts with individual responsibilty.” In March, two commercial airliners were forced to land unassisted at Washington, D.C.’s Reagan 40 National Airport after @ controller apparently fell asleep. Just days later, two controllers: at the Preston Smith International Airport in Lubbock, Texes, did not hand off control of a departing aircraft to another 45 control center and it took repeated attempts for them tobe reached, On Feb. 19, an air traffic controller in Knoxville, Tenn., slept during an overnight shift. Sources told ABC News that the worker even took pillows and 40 cushions from a break room to build a make-shift bed ‘on the control room floor. And this month, there were two more incidents. A controller fell asleep on the job in Seattle, and days later a controller in Reno was snoozing when a 4s plane carrying @ critically ill passenger was seeking permission to land. ‘The FAA and the controller's union have been studying the fatigue issue for over @ year and thei report finds thet ‘acute fatigue accurs on a daily basis, 30 and “fatigue can ocour at any time, on any shift." Sleep experts suggest midshift naps Some sleep experts said controllers are ripe for fatigue because they often bounce between day shifts and night shifts. “When we're constantly having to 55. adjust to different work schedules, our body Is always playing catch up," said Philip Gehrman, Director of the Behavioral Sleep Program at the University of Pennsylvania. Controllers on the night shift have another hurdle: 60 they often work in dim light conditions with litte stimulation between radio calis. “That's exactly the Kind of type of task that's hardest to maintain, when. you're at the wrong point in your biological rhythms,” said Gehrman. os One recommendation from the government study suggests allowing controllers to take scheduled naps, with breaks as long as two and a half hours to allow for sleeping and waking up. Sleep experts said a long break in the middle of 70 an eight hour overnight shift would help, but it might be a tough sell politically. it has taken decades to try tocome up with new fatigue rules for pilots and it may not be any easier when it comes to controllers. Available at: . Retrieve on: July 25, 2012 President Obamas waming to air traffic controllers You better do your job. (lines 4-5, Text I!) can be rephrased as a) You should work in better jobs.'b) You need to be present at your job. ¢) You should work better and more often, 4) You had better work as expected of you ) It would be better if you worked more intensely. 25) 0174148 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao!174148) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/174148#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - DECEA - Controlador de Tréfego Aéreo Cédigo (/questoes-de-concurso/provalcesgrat Disciplina: Inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplina/ingles) - Assuntos: |. Interpretagao de texto | Reading comprehension (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/l+Interpreta%C3 Ccultar texto associado a questao Text! Air traffic controllers asleep on the job...still Michael J, Breus, Ph.D, in Sieepnewzz2 Here's some news of workers sleeping on the job that's downright scary. A news investigation produced a story and footage of air traffic controllers at Westchester County Airport sleeping during their § shifts. The video, provided to the news outlet by an employee in the air trafic control tower at Westchester Airport, also shows controllers reading and using laptops and cell phones while on duty. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) bansits controllers from 1 use of cell phones, personal reading material and electric devices while on duty. Sleeping is prohibited anywhere in air trafic control towers All of these violations are alarming and dangerous, and pose a serious public safety problem, 1 itis important, | believe, to separate the issue of air traffic controllers sleeping on the job from their choice to play with laptops and cell phones when they are supposed to be working. The video images showing air traffic controllers slumped over and sleeping 20 at their stations is truly frightening. But the issue of sleep deprivation among air traffic controllers is 2 very real one, and means that some instances of falling asleep—however dangerous and wrong—is, not entirely the controllers! fault, or even within their 2s control Unfortunately this is not 2 new problem. We've seen several instances of air tratfic controllers falling asleep on duty in recent months, In response to these cases, the FAA in 2011 40 revised its regulations for air traffic controllers to” 0 ss oo 0 7s so as 0 include additional time for rest between shifts. The FAA: + Raised the minimum amount of time off between work shifts to 9 hours from 8 hours + Prohibited air traffic controllers from swapping shifts without having @ minimum of 9 hours off in between shifts * Increased supervisor coverage in air traffic control towers during late night and early morning shifts + Prohibited air traffic controllers from picking up an overnight shift after a day off These adjustments ereastepin the right direction, but they don't go far enough. Menaging schedules for shift workers in these high-pressure jobs where Public safety is at stake is too important to settle for improvements that don't actually solve the problem. Shift workers of alltypes face challenges to getting enough sleep while managing long hours. overnight shifts, and changing schedules that fluctuate between day and night Research shows that: + People who engage in shift work get less sleep overall than these of us who work more regular hours + Shift workers are at higher risk for illness and chronic disease + The sleep deprivation associated with shift work increase the risk of accidents, injuries and mistakes in high-profile, public-sefety related industries like medicine end law enforcement, as well as air traffic control In addition to making people more prone to accidents and injury, sleep deprivation causes a number of negative effects—both physical and Psychological—that can impair the on-the-job performance of air traffic controllers and other shift workers. Sleep deprivation: + Slows reaction time + Interferes with memory + Causes fatigue + Compromises judgment + impairs the ability to retain new information | think we can all agree that we don't want the people responsible for guiding our planes to be sluggish, slow-reacting, forgetful, fatigued and of questionable judgment. But that's exactly what being sleep deprived can make them! it's the FAAs responsibility to create workplace regulations that enable air traffic controllers to get the rest they need. This can include not just mandating reasonable time off between shifts, but also giving controllers breaks during shifts and allowing them to nap on their breaks. There are also some basic things that the controllers themselves—or any shift workers—can do to help avoid sleep deprivation: + Make sure to get adequate rest before a shift begins, ‘Take a nap before work, if need be. + Limit your reliance on caffeine. While it's okay as an occasional pick-me-up, coffee and caffeinated beverages are not substitutes for adequate sleep. And caffeine can interfere with your sleep when you actually want and need to be sleepy. + Keep a strong and consistent sleep routine both during your workdays and your days off. It's not always easy, but shift workers in particular need to9s build their off-duty schedules around making sure they get the sleep they need. Similarly to the recent changes in health care, the FAA is moving in the right direction to help its, employees get the sleep they need to do their jobs 10a safely. As this latest incident at Westchester Airport confirms, there is a great deal of work still to be done, ‘And it's In everyone's best—and safest—interest that progress continues to be made. Sweet Dreams, Michael 4. Breus, PhO The Sleep wrw.thesieepdoctorcom Avaliable at: Adactag, Retriavad on: Julv 28. 2012 In the fragment of Text |: It is important, I believe, to separate the issue of air traffic controllers sleeping on the job from their choice to play with laptops and cell phones when they are supposed to be working (lines 15-18), Dr. Michael Breus implies that a) falling asleep during the work shift is a far more serious lation of FAA policies because this is a behavior controllers cannot always be blamed for, 'b) using laptops and cell phones in night shifts is a totally inoffensive behavior of air traffic controllers. ©) using electronic distractors at work during work shifts should not be punished when controllers are fighting off sleep. 4d) playing with technological gadgets continuously at their working stations is justified if air traffic controllers are trying to avoid sleep. e) applying penalties to air traffic controllers who sleep and use electronic devices while on duty is highly recommended, 26) 174150 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/174150) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/174150#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - DECEA- Controlador de Trafego Aéreo Cédigo (/questoes-de-concurso/provalcesgrat Disciplina: Inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) - Assuntos: | Interpretagao de texto | Reading comprehension (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assuntoll +Interpreta%C3 Ccultar texto associado 4 questao Text! Air traffic controllers asleep on the job...stillMichael J, Breus, Ph.D. in Steepnewzzz Here's some news of workers sleeping on the job that's downright scary. A news investigation produced a story and footage of air traffic controllers at Westchester County Airport sleeping during their § shifts. The video, provided to the news outlet by an employee in the air trafic control tower at Westchester Airport, also shows controllers reading and using laptops and cell phones while on duty. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) bansits controllers from 1 use of cell phones, personal reading material and electric devices while on duty. Sleeping is prohibited anywhere in air trafic control towers All of these violations are alarming and dangerous, and pose a serious public safety problem. 1 itis important, | believe, to separate the issue of air traffic controllers sleeping on the job from their choice to play with laptops and cell phones when they are supposed to be working. The video images showing air traffic controllers slumped over and sleeping 20 at their stations is truly frightening. But the issue of sleep deprivation among air traffic controllers is a very real one, and means that some instances of falling asleep—however dangerous and wrong—is, not entirely the controllers! fault, or even within their 2s control Unfortunately this is not 2 new problem. We've seen several instances of air tratfic controllers falling asleep on duty in recent months, In response to these cases, the FAA in 2011 40 revised its regulations for air traffic controllers to include additional time for rest between shifts. The FAA: + Raised the minimum amount of time off between work shifts to 9 hours from 8 hours 45+ Prohibited air traffic controllers from swapping shifts without having @ minimum of 9 hours off in between shifts * Increased supervisor coverage in air traffic control towers during late night and early morning shifts 40+ Prohibited air tratfic controllers from picking up an overnight shift after a day off These adjustments ereastepin the right direction, but they don't go far enough. Menaging schedules for shift workers in these high-pressure jobs where 45 public safety Is at stake is too important to settle for improvements that don't actually solve the problem. Shift workers of alltypes face challenges to getting enough sleep while managing long hours. overnight shifts, and changing schedules that fluctuate between so day and night. Research shows that: + People who engage in shift work get less sleep overall than these of us who work more regular hours + Shift workers are at higher risk for illness and ss chronic disease + The sleep deprivation associated with shift work increase the risk of accidents, injuries and mistakes in high-profile, public-sefety related industries like medicine end law enforcement, as well as air traffic 60 controlIn addition to making people more prone to accidents and injury, sleep deprivation causes a number of negative effects—both physical and Psychological—that can impair the on-the-job 6s performance of air traffic controllers and other shift workers. Sleep deprivation: + Slows reaction time + Interferes with memory + Causes fatigue 7» + Compromises judgment + impairs the ability to retain new information | think we can all agree that we don't want the people responsible for guiding our planes to be sluggish, slow-reacting, forgetful, fatigued and of 75 questionable judgment. But that's exactly what being sleep deprived can make them! it's the FAAs responsibility to create workplace regulations that enable air traffic controllers to get the rest they need. This can include not just mandating 40 reasonable time off between shifts, but also giving controllers breaks during shifts and allowing them to nap on their breaks. There are also some basic things that the controllers themselves—or any shift workers—can do to help avoid sleep deprivation: as + Make sure to get adequate rest before a shift begins ‘Take a nap before work, if need be. + Limit your reliance on caffeine. While it's okay as an occasional pick-me-up, coffee and caffeinated beverages are not substitutes for adequate sleep. 90 And caffeine can interfere with your sleep when you actually want and need to be sleepy. + Keep a strong and consistent sleep routine both during your workdays and your days off. It's not always easy, but shift workers in particular need to 9s build their off-duty schedules around making sure they get the sleep they need. Similarly to the recent changes in health care, the FAA is moving in the right direction to help its, employees get the sleep they need to do their jobs 10a safely. As this latest incident at Westchester Airport confirms, there is a great deal of work still to be done, ‘And it's In everyone's best—and safest—interest that progress continues to be made. Sweet Dreams, Michael 4. Breus, PhO The Sleep Doctor™ wownthesieepdoctorcom Avaliable at: Adaoted, Ratrievad on: July 25. 2012. After reading Text I, it is possible to infer that the authors intention is to a) expose the serious situation of air traffic controllers caused by sleep deprivation and. present some recommendations to prevent this problem. 'b) criticize the FAA for not defining coherent regulations for workers in the airport control tower.¢) challenge the efficacy of several recommendations for better public safety norms in air traffic control d) list all the negative effects of shift work on the lives of airport staff and defend a less stressful job routine. e) blame the work load of air traffic controllers and their low salaries for the high frequency of air traffic incidents. 27) 0135385 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/135385) (/questoes-de- concursolquestaol135385#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - CMB - Assistente Técnico - Administrative - Programador de Computador (/questoes-d Disciplina: inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/) Ocultar texto associado a questdo 21" Century Magazine Environment: Investing In A Capital Future By Ray Cooling, Landon Press Service Sustainable development is about ensuring a better quality of life for everyone, now and for generations to come — and in the United Kingdom's capital, huge efforts are being made to ensure this vision. One of them was the creation of the London Development Agency (LDA), set up by the Mayor of London. Despite the fact that London bears the UK's highest productivity rate, and that its global transport 10 links are second to none, LDA has to face many ‘challenges in the capital: population expansion, high ‘crime rate, rising costs, housing shortages and the highest child poverty rate in the UK. In order to do this, LDA implements an economic 15 development strategy that is based on basic interconnected themes. They are ()) Investment in specific projects to put forth more effective infrastructure in order to bring about healthy, sustainable, high-quality life standards to the 20 communities. Forinstance, the initiatives put together forthis year's Olympic and Paralympic Games were turned into efforts to regenerate the Lower Lea Valley and the wider Thames Gateway. Such punctual actions brought an aboutface to an ampler scope area (ii) Investmentin people totackle the employment barrier that stil affects too many Londoners, puttingforth campaigns to tackle discrimination in all its forms ~ against disabled people, older people, women, and 30 people from lower economic strata. (il) “investments in marketing should promote new businesses to start-up, grow and compete in the market. To help the economic scenario, the LDA must maintain London as a key business and 35 trading location. With LDA’s help London may secure its position as a top international destination and the principal UK gateway for tourism and business investments in general. London might also profit from new synergies LDA can help develop with emerging 4” countries such as Brazil, Russia and China. (wv) Investments to maintain London Remade, an innovative recycling programme aimed at increasing markets for recycled products and driving the development of an entrepreneurial recycling supply 4 chain, This programme uses recycling as 2 vehicle to drive economic and social regeneration and it is principally funded by the LDA to deliver green procurement and ecology-tumed business consulting. By making London Remade enforce recycling 30 a5 a rule, LDA reaches the crucial aim of making each company - whenever possible — buy recycled products from other companies that have taken in its waste materials. Ultimately, LDA's efforts are tumed to ‘ensure that London becomes a sustainable world city 35. with strong, long-term economic growth, with social inclusion and with active and lasting environmental improvements ‘Avalable at: . Retriavad on: Jan, 10, 2012, Adapted, In the text, the word in parentheses that describes the idea expressed by the words in bold- face type is: a) Investment in specific projects to put forth more effective infrastructure lines 17-18 (extinguish). b) in order to bring about healthy, sustainable, high- quality life standards lines 18-19 (regenerate). ©) the initiatives put together for this years Olympic lines 20-21 financed). 4d) were turned into efforts to regenerate lines 21-22 (became). e) Such punctual actions brought an about-face to an ampler scope area, lines 23-25 (hindered).28) 136023 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/136023) (/questoes-de- concursolquestao/1360234imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Petrobras - Analista de Sistemas Junior - Engenharia de Software - 2012 (Iquestoes-di Disciplina: inglés (lquestoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: Interprotagao de Textos (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assuntolinterpreta%C3%A7%C3%A30+de+Textos) & Ocuttar texto associado & questao Text I A Day in the Life of the Women of O&G by Jaime Kammerzell From Rigzone Contributor. Tuesday, February 14, 2012 Although far fewer women work in the oil and gas (O&G) industry compared to men, many women find rewarding careers in the industry. Five women were asked the same questions regarding their career s choices in the oil and gas industry. Question 1: Why did you choose the oil and gas industry? Woman 1: Cool technology, applying science and money. 10 Woman 2: It seemed interesting and the pay was good Woman 3: They offered me a job! | couldn’t turn down the great starting salary and a chance to live in New Orleans. 1s Woman 4: | did not really choose the oil and gas industry as much as it chose me Woman 5: | chose the oil and gas industry because of the challenging projects, and | want to be part of our country’s energy solution 20 Question 2: How did you get your start in the oil and gas industry? Woman 1: | went to a university that all major oil companies recruit. | received a summer internship with Texaco before my last year of my Master's degree. 2s Woman2: | was recruited at a Texas Tech Engineering Job Fair. Woman 3: At the time, campus recruiters came to the geosciences department of my university annually and they sponsored scholarships for 30 graduate students to help complete their research Even though my Master's thesis was more geared toward environmental studies, as a recipient of one of these scholarshins. mv araduate advisor stronalv35 40 is 30 60 6s 80 encouraged me to participate when the time came for O&G Industry interviews Woman 4: | was working for a company in another state where oil and gas was not its primary business. When the company sold its division in the state where | was working, they offered me a position at the company’s headquarters in Houston managing the aftermarket sales for the company’s largest region. Aftermarket sales supported the on-highway, construction, industrial, agricultural and the oil and gas markets. After one year, the company asked me to take the position of managing their marine and offshore power products division. | held that position for three years. | left that company to join anew startup company where | hold the position of president Woman 5: My first job in the oil and gas industry was an internship with Mobil Oil Corp.. in New Orleans. | worked with a lot of smart, focused and talented geoscientists and engineers. Question 3: Describe your typical day. Woman 1: Tough one to describe a typical day. | generally read email, go to a couple of meetings and work with the field’s earth model or look at seismic. ‘Woman 2: | talk with clients, help prepare bids and work on getting projects out the door. My days are never the same, which is what | love about the job | have. ‘Woman 3: | usually work from 7:30 a.m. — 6:30 p.m. (although the official day is shorter). We call the field every morning for an update on operations, security, construction, facilities and production engineering activities. | work with my team leads on short-term and long-term projects to enhance production (a lot of emails and Powerpoint). | usually have 2-3 meetings per day to discuss/prioritize/review ongoing or upcoming work (production optimization, simulation modeling, drilling plans, geologic interpretation, workovers, etc.). Beyond our team, | also participate in a number of broader business initiatives and leadership teams. ‘Woman 4: A typical day is a hectic day for me. My day usually starts well before 8 a.m. with phone calls and emails with our facility in Norway, as well as other business relationships abroad. At the office, | am involved in the daily business operations and also stay closely involved in the projects and the sales efforts. On any given day | am working on budgets and finance, attending project meetings, attending engineering meetings, reviewing drawings and technical specifications, meeting with clientsana prospective cients, reviewing sales proposals, 3s evaluating new business opportunities and making a lot of decisions. Woman 5: On most days | work on my computer to complete my projects. | interpret logs, create maps, research local and regional geology or write 90 documents. | go to project meetings almost every day, | typically work only during business hours, but there are times when | get calls at night or on weekends from a rig or other geologists for assistance with a technical problem. ‘Adapted from URL: . Retrieved on February 14, 2012 The sentence, in Text |, in which the boldfaced expression introduces an idea of addition is a) Although far fewer women work in the oil and gas (O&G) industry compared to men, many women find rewarding careers in the industry. (lines 1-3) 'b) | chose the oil and gas industry because of the challenging projects, (lines 17-18) ¢) Even though my Masters thesis was more geared toward environmental studies, (lines 31- 32) 4) as well as other business relationships abroad, (lines 76-77) e) but there are times when | get calls at night or on weekends from a rig or other geologists for assistance with a technical problem. (lines 91-94) 29) Q137160 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/137160) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/137160#imprimir) Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Chesf - Profissional de Nivel Superior - Analista de Sistemas (Jquestoes-de-concursolt Disciplina: Inglés (/questoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: Interpretagéo de Textos (/questoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/Interpreta%C3%A7%C3%A3otdetTextos) = Ocultar texto associado a questo Text I Water Wars May Lie Ahead By Neena Rai June 29, 2011, 9:20 AM GMT There is a famous Chinese oroverb that warns20 30 35 0 45 “not only can water float a boat, it can sink it also. And with global water shortages on the horizon, climate change supporters say an extreme response will be needed from international governments to stem the potential for conflict it will create around the world. Professor Patricia Wouters at the IHP-HELP Centre for water law, policy and science at University of Dundee, said the world could face a future of “water wars” as deterioration in climatic patterns and global population growth leave people struggling to stake their claim to the natural resource. The World Bank in a report said that 1.4 million people could be facing water scarcity by 2025. But the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) forecast is even more gloomy. It estimates that 47% of the world's population could face water stress in the same period — equivalent to more than three billion people The issue isn’t restricted to countries that typically see temperatures soar, such as Cyprus, which in 2009 was forced to import water in tankers and ration its use. Northern hemisphere nations like the U.K. are also finding themselves in the midst of a drought in some regions, forcing governments to start to take action. The U.K. government, for instance, plans to issue a Water White Paper this December that will focus on the future challenges facing the water industry and measures to increase protection of river flows during summer months. Parts of the U.K. are currently marked as having drought status and other areas of the country are deemed to be atrisk of drought. The U.K.’s Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs held a second drought summit Monday, at which Secretary of State Caroline Spelman warned the prospect of a dry summer and dry winter could have a serious impact on the country’s water reserves. “We're going to keep working with farmers, water companies and environmental groups to minimize the impacts of drought, because this year is sign of things to come,” she said. “The climate is changing and these extreme weather events will become more common. How we deal with that problem will be one of the key parts of our Water White Paper, which will be published later this year.” This may be a far cry from a declaration of war on other more water-abundant nations, but reaching this stage in some countries isn’t beyond the realms0 of imagination. Egypt and Ethiopia have been battling the issue for the share of the Nile’s water reserves, and Israel — already fighting Palestine for territory that includes precious water reserves — has started to charge the agricultural sector high rates for using 35 the resource. Even in the U.K., the armed forces are being prepared for potential conflicts over water. Professor Wouters said that military plans are being prepared on a 30-year horizon, but that the 60 water security topic had somewhat fallen off the table since the financial crisis. Portugal and Spain are facing serious water scarcity issues but the agricultural sector there is having to shout loudly for its voice to be heard above the noise of the countries’ 63 current financial woes. Maybe Israel's entrepreneurial approach to the issue is the way forward. Nevertheless, the fact remains that water scarcity is now firmly on the agenda of the world’s governments, and isn't going to 70 vanish overnight Available —_at:. Retrieved on: March 11, 2012, According to Professor Wouters, in Text I, paragraph 10 (lines 58-65), a) Portugal and Spain are more worried about water shortage than about political and financial problems, b) security issues regarding water problems have been somewhat put aside because of the economic crisis. ©) the agricultural sector is not really worried about the problems that may come up if the water resources dry up. d) in the UK, the amny is fully prepared to fight the countries interested in the British hydroenergy sources ) the military forces intend to overlook the serious challenges to control the oceans and rivers in the next decade. 30) 0204345 (/questoes-de-concurso/questao/204345) (/questoes-de- concurso/questao/204345#imprimir) Provas:CESGRANRIO - 2012 - TERMOBAHIA - Técnico de Seguranga Junior (/questoes-de-concursoiprovaicesgranr’ Disciplina: Inglés (Iquestoes-de-concurso/disciplinalingles) ~ Assuntos: (iquestoes-de-concurso/questoes/assunto/) = Ocultar texto associado a questao Committee decides to lower the use of thermoelectric power generation GTCIT Magazine The Monitoring Committee of the Electric Sector (CMSE) decided on Monday (May 30, 2012), to diminish the thermoelectric power generation in Brazil as of next week. According to the Ministry of Mines § and Energy, Marcio Zimmermann, the thermoelectric generation, whichcurrently averages 4.000 megawatts (MW), should now be reduced to 2.500 MW. These plants are used in Brazil mainly to prevent a power outage in the country in times of drought, 40 when the reservoirs of the dams are low. But the ministry assured that the reservoir of the hydroelectric plants are satisfactory, and that there will be no need to resort to the thermoelectric resources. According to the Minister Zimmermann, the 1s Southeast has an average of 90% of its reservoirs full, which is an excellent level for this time of year. Even the Northeast, whose reservoir levels are a little lower, do not compromise system security. “The system is operating perfectly within the 20 current conditions, which safely allows us to reduce the generation of thermoelectric energy. This will give us an economic surplus that can be used towards system maintenance and in the implementation of new quality programs for the energy sector”, he said, 28: He also explained that: “of course, this does not mean that the committee will not be flexible as to this decision in case the current conditions take an unexpected turn.” They will be following the reduction of the projection for the coming months and, if 30 necessary, the plans will be changed according to the demands vis-a-vis the resources. Available at: . Retrieved on: 13 June 2012. Adapted.According to the text, CMSE decided on May 30, 2012 to’ a) upgrade thermoelectric energy to 4.000 MW. bb) reduce the amount of energy generated by thermoelectric plants in Brazil at this moment. ¢) discuss with Minister Zimmermann about the cuts, 4) monitor the committee that is regulating the Electric Sector. ) propose the creation of new sources of thermoelectric generation in Brazil at this moment GABARITO: YA QA mc 25) 2c 10) A 18)A 26) A 3c ME 19)B 27d 4)D 12)D 20) 28)D 5)C 13) A 21)D 23)8 6)A 14)A 22) 30) 8 nc 15) A 23) 8B 16)C 24)D