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A G N I H OT R I E N G G . & G AT E C L A S S E S
Unit II , Topic - Laplace Transform

Scripting Success Stories

It is the work of a French Mathamatician dierre de Laplace (1749 1827). This method reduces the problem of
differential equation with given boundary condition to simple Algebraic problem.
Definition
Let F(t) be a function of t defined for all positive value of t; then the Laplace transform F(t) is denoted by

L{F (t )} , () or F ( s) and is defined as L{F (t )} e st F (t )dt f ( s)

0

Here S is a parameter may be real or complex provided that integral is convergent.

Laplace Transformation of some Elementary Functions
(i)

1
S

L{(1)}

e st
11
1 1
1
1
Proof By definition L{F (t )} e F (t )dt So L{1} e 1dt
st 1 [0 1]
S e 0
S
S
S
s 0
0
0

n 1
S n 1

(ii)

L tn

(iii)

{ }

(iv)

L eat

n
S

(v) L sin at

n 1

st

a
S a2

if n > - 1; n is non integral / fractional value say 2 , 2 , 2 ,

if n is positive integers say 1,2,3.

1
, ( for S > a)
S a
2

st

Corollary - L(c at ) L eat log c

(vi) L cos at

S
S a2
2

1
if s > a log c, c > 0
s a log c

(vii) L sin h at

a
S a2
2

(viii) L cos h at

S
S a2
2

Some Elementary Formulae

1
sin( A B) sin( A B)
2
1
sin A sin B cos( A B) cos( A B)
2
1
cos3 A 3cos A cos 3 A
4
1
cos 2 A 1 cos 2 A
2
eat e at
cos h at
2

1. sin A cos B

2.

cos A cos B

3.

4.

sin 3 A

5.
7.
9.

11. cos h2 at sin h2 at 1

12.
Properties of Laplace Transform

n 1 n

6.
8.
10.
13.

1
cos( A B) cos( A B)
2

1
3sin A sin 3 A
4
1
sin 2 A 1 cos 2 A
2
eat e at
sin h at
2
sin h2 at cos h2 at cos h2at

14.

Classes on ED, BEEE, M1, M2, M3, NA, CONTROL, DSP & other GATE oriented Engg. Subjects
By :- Agnihotri sir, B. E. (Hons), M.Tech. (7415712500) B.T.I. Road Sherpura, Vidisha

pg. 1

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1. I-Shifting theorem or I-Translation property

If L{f(t)} = F(s) Then L{eat f(t)} = F(s a)

For e.g. ) { } = ()2 +2

) { } = ()2 +2

) { } = ()2 2

e) { } =

) { } = ()2 2

(n 1)!
n!
or
n 1
( s a)
( s a)n 1

2. II-Shifting theorem
If L{f(t)} = F(s), then L[ f(t - a).u(t a)] = e-as F(s) i.e. t > a
2 6 9
For e.g. L{t 2 .u(t 3)} e3s L{(t 3)2 } e3s L[t 2 6t 9] e3s 3 2
s
s s
3. Multiplication by t
dn
If L[f(t)] = F(s), then L t n f (t ) (1)n n [ F ( s)]
ds
For e.g. To find Laplace Transform of f (t ) t et sin 2t
2
2
Solution. L[sin 2t ] 2
, L[et sin 2t ]
F ( s) (say)
s 4
( s 1)2 4

d
2
4( s 1)
L[t et sin 2t ] F '(s)

2
ds ( s 1) 4
[( s 1) 2 4]2
4. Division by t

If L[ f (t )] F (s) , then L f (t ) F ( s) ds
t
s

[RGPV June 2004 , Dec.2014]

sin 3t

For e.g. To find Laplace Transform of L e4t

t

[RGPV 2007 , 12]

3
s
3

s
s
sin 3t
3
Solution.
2
ds tan 1 tan 1 cot 1
L[sin 3t ] 2 2 L

s 3
2
3
3
3s
t s s 9
3
sin 3t
s4
3

L e4t
cot 1
tan 1

t
3
s4

5. Laplace Transform of Derivative of F(t)

If L[ f (t )] F (s) then L[ f '(t )] sL[ f (t )] f (0)
In general L[ f n (t )] s n L[ f (t ) s n1 f (0) s n2 f '(0) s n3 f ''(0) ..... f n1 (0)
6. Laplace Transform of Integral of F(t)
t
1
If L[ f (t )] F (s) then L f (t ) dt F ( s )
0
s
7. Laplace Transform of periodic Function F(t) periodic with Period T
T

If L[ f (t )] F (s) then L[ f (t )]

st

f (t )dt

1 e sT
Evaluating Integrations using Laplace Transform

Q. Evaluate 0

Solution - te3t sin t dt te st sin t dt ,{ put s = 3}, L(t sin t )

[RGPV 2005, 06, 13]

23
6
3
d 1
2s
2

2 2
2
2
(3 1) 100 50
ds s 1 (s 1)

Classes on ED, BEEE, M1, M2, M3, NA, CONTROL, DSP & other GATE oriented Engg. Subjects
By :- Agnihotri sir, B. E. (Hons), M.Tech. (7415712500) B.T.I. Road Sherpura, Vidisha

pg. 2